Adapted from a powershell script to install FFXIV patches with XIVLauncher

ffxiv-patcher.sh

#!/bin/bash

#------------------------------------------------------------------
# FINAL FANTASY XIV - A Realm Reborn Makeshift Patcher
# Applies locally stored patches to the game. Requires you to
# install the base game from a physical disk.
#------------------------------------------------------------------

# --- Configuration -------------------------------------------------
# Directory containing the XIVLauncher.PatchInstaller.exe
xivLauncherPatcherExecutable="/home/youruser/Games/ffxiv-launcher/drive_c/users/youruser/AppData/Local/XIVLauncher/app-6.3.1/XIVLauncher.PatchInstaller.exe"
# Root directory of the FINAL FANTASY XIV - A Realm Reborn in wine
gameDirectory="/home/youruser/Games/ffxiv/drive_c/Program\ Files\ \(x86\)/SquareEnix/FINAL\ FANTASY\ XIV\ -\ A\ Realm\ Reborn"
# Directory containing the subdirectories for all the patches
patchDirectory="/home/youruser/Games/ffxiv-launcher/drive_c/users/youruser/AppData/Roaming/XIVLauncher/patches"
# Final patch date to install
# Notes:
patchUpTo="2016.07.05"

#This needs to point to a 32 bit wine prefix for the patcher to work properly.
winePrefix="/home/youruser/.local/share/wineprefixes/wine_32"

# check if winepath is installed
if ! [ -x "$(command -v winepath)" ]; then
  echo "Error: winepath is not installed. Please install winepath and try again." >&2
  exit 1
fi

#-------------------------------------------------------------------
# Processing
#-------------------------------------------------------------------

gameDirectoryBoot="$gameDirectory/boot"
gameDirectoryGame="$gameDirectory/game"

for patch in $(find "$patchDirectory" -name "D*" -type f | sort -n); do
  patchDate=$(echo $patch | grep -oP '(?<=D)[0-9]{4}\.[0-9]{2}\.[0-9]{2}')
  patchExpan=$(echo $patch | awk -F'/' '{print $(NF-2)}')
  patchVer=$(echo $patch | grep -oP '[0-9]{4}\.[0-9]{2}\.[0-9]{2}\.[0-9]{4}\.[0-9]{4}')

  #---------------------------------------------------------------
  # Current patch in file list too new?
  #---------------------------------------------------------------

  if [[ $patchDate > $patchUpTo ]]; then
    continue
  fi

  #---------------------------------------------------------------
  # Check current game/ex patch level and skip if possible
  #---------------------------------------------------------------

  versionFile="$gameDirectoryGame/ffxivgame.ver"
  targetGameDir="$gameDirectoryGame"
  clientVersion="0"

  if [[ $patchExpan = "boot" ]]; then
    versionFile="$gameDirectoryBoot/ffxivboot.ver"
    targetGameDir="$gameDirectoryBoot"
  fi

  if [[ $patchExpan = "ex1" ]]; then
    versionFile="$gameDirectoryGame/sqpack/ex1/ex1.ver"
    targetGameDir="$gameDirectoryGame/ex1"
  fi

  if [[ -e "${versionFile//\\/}" ]]; then
    clientVersion=$(cat "${versionFile//\\/}")
  fi

  if [[ "$clientVersion" == "$patchVer" ]] || [[ "$clientVersion" > "$patchVer" ]]; then
    echo "Current version [${clientVersion}] was greater than or equal to [${patchVer}], skipping"
    continue
  fi

  test=$(echo "$targetGameDir" | tr -d '\\')

  # replace spaces with a placeholder
  temp_path=$(echo $test | sed 's/ /_SPACE_/g')
  win_path=$(winepath -w "$temp_path")

  # replace the placeholder with spaces
  new_path=$(echo $win_path | sed 's/_SPACE_/ /g')

  echo "Installing patch $patch to $new_path"
  WINEPREFIX="$winePrefix" wine "$xivLauncherPatcherExecutable" "install" "$(winepath -w $patch)" "$new_path"
  versionFile2="${versionFile//\\/}"
  echo "$patchVer" >"$versionFile2"
done