Manual to install WordPress and MySQL with Podman using a Fedora image

Index

Introduction
Prepare the System and Download the Base Image
Creation of the Containerfile and Image Building
Execution and Configuration of the Pods
Tutorial Video

1. Introduction

Podman is a container management tool that allows the development and deployment of containers without the need for a central daemon. This final practice aims to deepen the concepts of containers through the creation, management, and deployment of application containers using Podman.

2. Prepare the System and Download the Base Image

Podman Installation

On Fedora, Podman can be installed using the following command:

sudo dnf install -y podman

Verify the installation:

podman --version

Download the base image of Fedora

podman pull fedora

3. Creation of the Containerfile and Image Building

We will create two directories as we will need to have two Containerfiles in different locations.

mkdir WordPress
mkdir MySQL

We will create the Containerfile for WordPress:

nano WordPress/Containerfile

Inside we will add the following content:

FROM fedora:latest 

# Install Apache, PHP and other necessary packages for WordPress
RUN dnf -y update && dnf -y install httpd php php-mysqlnd php-xml php-json php-gd php-mbstring php-fpm unzip wget 

# Prepare the directory for the PHP-FPM socket
RUN mkdir -p /run/php-fpm && chown -R apache:apache /run/php-fpm 

# Download and install WordPress
RUN wget https://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz -P /var/www/html/ && \
    tar -xvzf /var/www/html/latest.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/ && \
    rm /var/www/html/latest.tar.gz && mv /var/www/html/wordpress/* /var/www/html/

# Copy custom PHP configuration file
COPY config.php /var/www/html/wp-config.php 

# Open port 80
EXPOSE 80 

# Configure and start Apache and PHP-FPM, ensuring socket permissions
CMD ["sh", "-c", "php-fpm && chown apache:apache /run/php-fpm/www.sock && chmod 660 /run/php-fpm/www.sock && /usr/sbin/httpd -D FOREGROUND"]

We will create the config.php file, it is important to create it inside the WordPress folder:

nano WordPress/config.php

And we copy the following content:

<?php
/**
* The base configuration for WordPress
*
* The wp-config.php creation script uses this file during the installation.
* You don't have to use the website, you can copy this file to "wp-config.php"
* and fill in the values.
*
* This file contains the following configurations:
*
* * Database settings
* * Secret keys
* * Database table prefix
* * ABSPATH
*
* @link https://wordpress.org/documentation/article/editing-wp-config-php/
*
* @package WordPress
*/ 

// ** Database settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define( 'DB_NAME', 'wordpress' ); 

/** Database username */
define( 'DB_USER', 'root' ); 

/** Database password */
define( 'DB_PASSWORD', 'root' ); 

/** Database hostname */
define( 'DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1' ); 

/** Database charset to use in creating database tables. */
define( 'DB_CHARSET', 'utf8' ); 

/** The database collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define( 'DB_COLLATE', '' ); 

/**#@+
* Authentication unique keys and salts.
*
* Change these to different unique phrases! You can generate these using
* the {@link https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/ WordPress.org secret-key service}.
*
* You can change these at any point in time to invalidate all existing cookies.
* This will force all users to have to log in again.
*
* @since 2.6.0
*/ 

define( 'AUTH_KEY',         '' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_KEY',  '' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_KEY',    '' );
define( 'NONCE_KEY',        '' );
define( 'AUTH_SALT',        '' );
define( 'SECURE_AUTH_SALT', '' );
define( 'LOGGED_IN_SALT',   '' );
define( 'NONCE_SALT',       '' ); 

/**#@-*/ 

/**
* WordPress database table prefix.
*
* You can have multiple installations in one database if you give each
* a unique prefix. Only numbers, letters, and underscores please!
*/
$table_prefix = 'wp_'; 

/**
* For developers: WordPress debugging mode.
*
* Change this to true to enable the display of notices during development.
* It is strongly recommended that plugin and theme developers use WP_DEBUG
* in their development environments.
*
* For information on other constants that can be used for debugging,
* visit the documentation.
*
* @link https://wordpress.org/documentation/article/debugging-in-wordpress/
*/
define( 'WP_DEBUG', false ); 

/* Add any custom values between this line and the "stop editing" line. */



/* That's all, stop editing! Happy publishing. */ 

/** Absolute path to the WordPress directory. */
if ( ! defined( 'ABSPATH' ) ) {
define( 'ABSPATH', __DIR__ . '/' );
} 

/** Sets up WordPress vars and included files. */
require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php';

We will do the same for MySQL

nano MySQL/Containerfile

Containerfile for MySQL:

# Use the base image of Fedora
FROM fedora:latest 

# Install MySQL
RUN dnf update && \
    dnf install -y mysql-server 

# Prepare the data directory
RUN mkdir -p /var/lib/mysql/ && \
    chown mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/ 

# Copy the initialization script
COPY init-mysql.sh /usr/local/bin/
RUN chmod +x /usr/local/bin/init-mysql.sh 

# Expose port 3306
EXPOSE 3306 

# Set the initialization script as the default command
CMD ["init-mysql.sh"]

We should create the script, important to create it inside the MySQL folder

nano MySQL/init-mysql.sh

And we copy the following content

#!/bin/bash
# Initialize the database if the directory is empty
if [ -z "$(ls -A /var/lib/mysql)" ]; then
    echo "Initializing the database..."
    mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql/
    echo "Database initialized."
fi 

# Start the MySQL server
echo "Starting MySQL..."
exec mysqld --datadir='/var/lib/mysql/' --user=mysql

Building the images:

First, we will build the WordPress image with the name mywordpress:

podman build -t mywordpress ./WordPress

Then the same with MySQL:

podman build -t mymysql ./MySQL

4. Execution and Configuration of the Pods

Creation of the pod and execution of the containers:

podman pod create --name mypod -p 8080:80 -p 33060:3306
podman run --pod mypod -it --name mywordpress -d mywordpress
podman run --pod mypod -it --privileged --name mymysql -d mymysql

First, we will enter the MySQL container:

podman exec -it mymysql /bin/bash

Once inside, we will execute the following command to obtain the temporary password that MySQL uses:

grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysql/mysqld.log

Once we have this password, we will enter MySQL using the following command:

mysql -u root -p

Inside MySQL, we will execute the following commands:

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root'; 

CREATE DATABASE wordpress; 

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

After configuring MySQL, we will exit MySQL and the container:

exit

exit

Now, execute the following command:

podman commit mymysql myfinalmysql

After that, we will restart the WordPress container to fix the database connection:

podman restart mywordpress

Finally, we will commit:

podman commit mywordpress myfinalwordpress

Now we will enter the browser and enter this URL: http://localhost:8080 to enter WordPress, where we must complete the installation.

5. Tutorial video

You can see the tutorial clicking here!

For any problems you can have with the steps, you can contact me on Discord or write an email to: [email protected]

Made with ❤ by TheUnrealZaka

TheUnrealZaka/Podman_WP_MySQL_Fedora.md