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commonly used commands in terminal 常用终端命令
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# check the listening ports | |
# 查看服务器中正在监听的端口: | |
netstat -tupln | |
# check if can connect the port of the host server | |
# 本地查看远程服务器的端口开启是否能够访问 | |
telnet www.xxx.com 3306 | |
# trace how many routes hops | |
# 查看访问的地址经过多少路由 | |
traceroute -d xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx | |
# 查看系统并发连接数:----------------------- | |
# Check | |
# CLOSED 无连接是活动的或正在进行 | |
# LISTEN 服务器在等待进入呼叫 | |
# SYN_RECV 一个连接请求已经到达,等待确认 | |
# SYN_SENT 应用已经开始,打开一个连接 | |
# ESTABLISHED 正常数据传输状态/当前并发连接数 | |
# FIN_WAIT1 应用说它已经完成 | |
# FIN_WAIT2 另一边已同意释放 | |
# ITMED_WAIT 等待所有分组死掉 | |
# CLOSING 两边同时尝试关闭 | |
# TIME_WAIT 另一边已初始化一个释放 | |
# LAST_ACK 等待所有分组死掉 | |
#------------------------------------------- | |
netstat -n | awk '/^tcp/ {++S[$NF]} END {for(a in S) print a, S[a]}' | |
# check QPS in production mode from log | |
# 在生产上从日志查看每秒请求数 | |
tail -f log | cut -d ' ' -f2 | uniq -c | |
#> 80 13:35:07] | |
#> 76 13:35:08] | |
# 查看空间中大于等于 1G 的目录文件,层级为1 | |
# check the occupancy space which greater than 1G | |
du -h --max-depth=1 | grep 'G' | sort | |
# check the process | |
# 查看启动的进程 | |
ps aux | |
# print the line number | |
# 输出行号 | |
awk 'print NR, $1$2' | |
# find the 4 field greater than 19/Mar/2019:09:45:00 and less than 19/Mar/2019:09:55:00, and print this whole line.($0 presents the wholeline,$1 presents the first field) | |
# 找到文件中第 4 列,时间大于 19/Mar/2019:09:45:00 并且小于 19/Mar/2019:09:55:00 的一整行记录($0 代表一整行,$1代表第一列) | |
cat access.log | awk '{if($4>"[19/Mar/2019:09:45:00 +0800]" && $4<"[19/Mar/2019:09:55:00 +0800]")print $0'} | |
# send the post request: | |
# 发出 POST 请求: | |
curl --X POST -H "Content-Type: text/plain" --data "this is raw data" http://78.41.xx.xx:7778/ | |
curl --header "Content-Type: application/json" --request POST --data '{"username":"xyz","password":"xyz"}' http://localhost:3000/api/login | |
# insert the line into specific line in file: | |
# 将文本插入文件中匹配的行: | |
sed '/<\/Host>/i\<Connector executor="tomcatThreadPool" po" URIEncoding="UTF-8" protocol="HTTP/1.1" connectionTimeout="20000" redirectPort="8443" />' /opt/appstack/apache-tomcat/conf/server.xml | |
# create user and password | |
# 创建用户和密码: | |
useradd testuser | |
passwd testuser | |
# delete user | |
# 删除用户 | |
userdel testuser | |
# change the directory owner | |
# 更改目录所属者(通常网站权限无法访问时更改) | |
chown -R daemon app/ | |
# enable the port TCP input: | |
# 防火墙端口添加入规则: | |
iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT | |
# check the iptables status | |
# 是否开启防火墙 | |
service iptables status |
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