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GAAS / Digest-MD5-1.99_58 / TODDR / Digest-MD5-2.58 MD5.pm 54192 1 file changed (This is a file diff) 54192 MD5.pm @@ -1,19 +1,46 @@ package Digest::MD5;
use strict; -use vars qw($VERSION @ISA @EXPORT_OK); +use warnings;
-$VERSION = '1.9958'; #
-*reset = &new; +our @EXPORT_OK = qw(md5 md5_hex md5_base64); + +our @ISA; +eval {
- require Digest::base;
- @ISA = qw/Digest::base/; +}; +if ($@) {
- my
$err = $ @; - *add_bits = sub { die $err }; +}
+eval {
- require XSLoader;
- XSLoader::load('Digest::MD5',
$VERSION); +}; +if ($ @) { - my
$olderr = $ @; - eval {
-
# Try to load the pure perl version -
require Digest::Perl::MD5; -
Digest::Perl::MD5->import(qw(md5 md5_hex md5_base64)); -
unshift(@ISA, "Digest::Perl::MD5"); # make OO interface work - };
- if ($@) {
-
# restore the original error -
die $olderr; - } +} +else {
- *reset = &new; +}
1; END @@ -25,12 +52,11 @@ Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm =head1 SYNOPSIS
- use Digest::MD5 qw(md5 md5_hex md5_base64);
-
use Digest::MD5 qw(md5 md5_hex md5_base64);
$digest = md5($data); $digest = md5_hex($data); $digest = md5_base64($data);
-
OO style
use Digest::MD5; @@ -38,7 +64,7 @@ Digest::MD5 - Perl interface to the MD5 Algorithm $ctx = Digest::MD5->new;
$ctx->add($data);
-
$ctx->addfile(*FILE);
-
$ctx->addfile($file_handle);
$digest = $ctx->digest; $digest = $ctx->hexdigest; @@ -51,48 +77,70 @@ Inc. MD5 Message Digest algorithm from within Perl programs. The algorithm takes as input a message of arbitrary length and produces as output a 128-bit "fingerprint" or "message digest" of the input.
+Note that the MD5 algorithm is not as strong as it used to be. It has +since 2005 been easy to generate different messages that produce the +same MD5 digest. It still seems hard to generate messages that +produce a given digest, but it is probably wise to move to stronger +algorithms for applications that depend on the digest to uniquely identify +a message. + The CDigest::MD5 module provide a procedural interface for simple use, as well as an object oriented interface that can handle messages of arbitrary length and which can read files directly.
-A binary digest will be 16 bytes long. A hex digest will be 32 -characters long. A base64 digest will be 22 characters long.
=head1 FUNCTIONS
-The following functions can be exported from the CDigest::MD5 -module. No functions are exported by default. +The following functions are provided by the CDigest::MD5 module. +None of these functions are exported by default.
=over 4
=item md5($data,...)
This function will concatenate all arguments, calculate the MD5 digest -of this "message", and return it in binary form. +of this "message", and return it in binary form. The returned string +will be 16 bytes long. + +The result of md5("a", "b", "c") will be exactly the same as the +result of md5("abc").
=item md5_hex($data,...)
-Same as md5(), but will return the digest in hexadecimal form. +Same as md5(), but will return the digest in hexadecimal form. The +length of the returned string will be 32 and it will only contain +characters from this set: '0'..'9' and 'a'..'f'.
=item md5_base64($data,...)
Same as md5(), but will return the digest as a base64 encoded string. +The length of the returned string will be 22 and it will only contain +characters from this set: 'A'..'Z', 'a'..'z', '0'..'9', '+' and +'/'. + +Note that the base64 encoded string returned is not padded to be a +multiple of 4 bytes long. If you want interoperability with other +base64 encoded md5 digests you might want to append the redundant +string "==" to the result.
=back
=head1 METHODS
-The following methods are available: +The object oriented interface to CDigest::MD5 is described in this +section. After a CDigest::MD5 object has been created, you will add +data to it and finally ask for the digest in a suitable format. A +single object can be used to calculate multiple digests. + +The following methods are provided:
=over 4
=item $md5 = Digest::MD5->new
The constructor returns a new CDigest::MD5 object which encapsulate -the state of the MD5 message-digest algorithm. You can add data to -the object and finally ask for the digest. +the state of the MD5 message-digest algorithm.
-If called as a instance method (i.e. $md5->new) it will just reset the +If called as an instance method (i.e. $md5->new) it will just reset the state the object to the state of a newly created object. No new object is created in this case.
@@ -100,34 +148,97 @@ object is created in this case.
This is just an alias for $md5->new.
+=item $md5->clone + +This a copy of the $md5 object. It is useful when you do not want to +destroy the digests state, but need an intermediate value of the +digest, e.g. when calculating digests iteratively on a continuous data +stream. Example: +
- my $md5 = Digest::MD5->new;
- while (<>) {
-
$md5->add($_); -
print "Line $.: ", $md5->clone->hexdigest, "\n"; - }
=item $md5->add($data,...)
The $data provided as argument are appended to the message we calculate the digest for. The return value is the $md5 object itself.
+All these lines will have the same effect on the state of the $md5 +object: +
- $md5->add("a"); $md5->add("b"); $md5->add("c");
- $md5->add("a")->add("b")->add("c");
- $md5->add("a", "b", "c");
- $md5->add("abc");
=item $md5->addfile($io_handle)
-The $io_handle is read until EOF and the content is appended to the +The $io_handle will be read until EOF and its content appended to the message we calculate the digest for. The return value is the $md5 object itself.
+The addfile() method will croak() if it fails reading data for some +reason. If it croaks it is unpredictable what the state of the $md5 +object will be in. The addfile() method might have been able to read +the file partially before it failed. It is probably wise to discard +or reset the $md5 object if this occurs. + +In most cases you want to make sure that the $io_handle is in +C before you pass it as argument to the addfile() method. + +=item $md5->add_bits($data, $nbits) + +=item $md5->add_bits($bitstring) + +Since the MD5 algorithm is byte oriented you might only add bits as +multiples of 8, so you probably want to just use add() instead. The +add_bits() method is provided for compatibility with other digest +implementations. See L for description of the arguments +that add_bits() take. + =item $md5->digest
-Return the binary digest for the message. +Return the binary digest for the message. The returned string will be +16 bytes long.
Note that the C operation is effectively a destructive, read-once operation. Once it has been performed, the CDigest::MD5 object is automatically C and can be used to calculate another -digest value. +digest value. Call $md5->clone->digest if you want to calculate the +digest without resetting the digest state.
=item $md5->hexdigest
-Same as $md5->digest, but will return the digest in hexadecimal form. +Same as $md5->digest, but will return the digest in hexadecimal +form. The length of the returned string will be 32 and it will only +contain characters from this set: '0'..'9' and 'a'..'f'.
=item $md5->b64digest
Same as $md5->digest, but will return the digest as a base64 encoded -string. +string. The length of the returned string will be 22 and it will only +contain characters from this set: 'A'..'Z', 'a'..'z', '0'..'9', '+' +and '/'. + + +The base64 encoded string returned is not padded to be a multiple of 4 +bytes long. If you want interoperability with other base64 encoded +md5 digests you might want to append the string "==" to the result. + +=item @ctx = $md5->context + +=item $md5->context(@ctx) + +Saves or restores the internal state. +When called with no arguments, returns a list: +number of blocks processed, +a 16-byte internal state buffer, +then optionally up to 63 bytes of unprocessed data if there are any. +When passed those same arguments, restores the state. +This is only useful for specialised operations.
=back
@@ -140,74 +251,101 @@ function (or one of its cousins): use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex); print "Digest is ", md5_hex("foobarbaz"), "\n";
-The above example would print out the message +The above example would print out the message:
Digest is 6df23dc03f9b54cc38a0fc1483df6e21
-provided that the implementation is working correctly. The same -checksum can also be calculated in OO style: +The same checksum can also be calculated in OO style:
use Digest::MD5;
$md5 = Digest::MD5->new;
$md5->add('foo', 'bar');
$md5->add('baz');
- $digest = $md5->digest();
- $digest = $md5->hexdigest;
- print "Digest is ", unpack("H*", $digest), "\n";
- print "Digest is $digest\n";
-With OO style you can break the message arbitrary. This means that we -are no longer limited to have space for the whole message in memory. -We can handle messages of any size. +With OO style, you can break the message arbitrarily. This means that we +are no longer limited to have space for the whole message in memory, i.e. +we can handle messages of any size.
This is useful when calculating checksum for files:
use Digest::MD5;
- my $file = shift || "/etc/passwd";
- open(FILE, $file) or die "Can't open '$file': $!";
- binmode(FILE);
-
my $filename = shift || "/etc/passwd";
-
open (my $fh, '<', $filename) or die "Can't open '$filename': $!";
-
binmode($fh);
$md5 = Digest::MD5->new;
- while () {
- while (<$fh>) { $md5->add($_); }
- close(FILE);
- print $md5->b64digest, " $file\n";
- close($fh);
- print $md5->b64digest, " $filename\n";
-Or we can use the builtin addfile method to read the file much faster: +Or we can use the addfile method for more efficient reading of +the file:
use Digest::MD5;
- my $file = shift || "/etc/passwd";
- open(FILE, $file) or die "Can't open '$file': $!";
- binmode(FILE);
- my $filename = shift || "/etc/passwd";
- open (my $fh, '<', $filename) or die "Can't open '$filename': $!";
- binmode ($fh);
- print Digest::MD5->new->addfile(*FILE)->hexdigest, " $file\n";
- print Digest::MD5->new->addfile($fh)->hexdigest, " $filename\n";
+Since the MD5 algorithm is only defined for strings of bytes, it can not be +used on strings that contains chars with ordinal number above 255 (Unicode +strings). The MD5 functions and methods will croak if you try to feed them +such input data: +
- use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex);
- my $str = "abc\x{300}";
- print md5_hex($str), "\n"; # croaks
-
Wide character in subroutine entry
+What you can do is calculate the MD5 checksum of the UTF-8 +representation of such strings. This is achieved by filtering the +string through encode_utf8() function: +
- use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex);
- use Encode qw(encode_utf8);
- my $str = "abc\x{300}";
- print md5_hex(encode_utf8($str)), "\n";
-
8c2d46911f3f5a326455f0ed7a8ed3b3
=head1 SEE ALSO
L, LDigest::MD2, -LDigest::SHA1, +LDigest::SHA, LDigest::HMAC
L<md5sum(1)>
RFC 1321
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MD5 + +The paper "How to Break MD5 and Other Hash Functions" by Xiaoyun Wang +and Hongbo Yu. + =head1 COPYRIGHT
This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
- Copyright 1998 Gisle Aas.
- Copyright 1998-2003 Gisle Aas. Copyright 1995-1996 Neil Winton. Copyright 1991-1992 RSA Data Security, Inc.
-The MD5 algorithm is defined in RFC 1321. The basic C code -implementing the algorithm is derived from that in the RFC and is -covered by the following copyright: +The MD5 algorithm is defined in RFC 1321. This implementation is +derived from the reference C code in RFC 1321 which is covered by +the following copyright statement:
=over 4
@@ -242,9 +380,9 @@ licenses.
=head1 AUTHORS
-The original MD5 interface was written by Neil Winton +The original C interface was written by Neil Winton (C[email protected]).
-This release was made by Gisle Aas [email protected] +The CDigest::MD5 module is written by Gisle Aas [email protected].
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