example SDL2 Vulkan application

main.cpp

// Windows
// g++ *.cpp -o vulkan -lSDL2main -lSDL2 -lvulkan-1
// Linux
// g++ *.cpp -o vulkan -lSDL2main -lSDL2 -lvulkan
// https://vulkan-tutorial.com/

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
SDL_Window *window;
char* window_name = "example SDL2 Vulkan application";

#include "vulkan_extern.h"
#include "vulkan_function.h"
Vulkan *vulkan;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING);
    window = SDL_CreateWindow(window_name,SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,SDL_WINDOWPOS_CENTERED,800,600,SDL_WINDOW_VULKAN | SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN);

    vulkan = new Vulkan();
    init_vulkan_extern(vulkan);

    SDL_Event event;
    bool running = true;
    while(running)
    {
        while(SDL_PollEvent(&event))
        {
            if(event.type == SDL_QUIT)
            {
                running = false;
            }
        }

        AcquireNextImage();

        ResetCommandBuffer();
        BeginCommandBuffer();
        {
            VkClearColorValue clear_color = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
            VkClearDepthStencilValue clear_depth_stencil = {1.0f, 0};
            BeginRenderPass(clear_color,clear_depth_stencil);
            {

            }
            EndRenderPass();
        }
        EndCommandBuffer();

        QueueSubmit();
        QueuePresent();
    }

    delete vulkan;
    vulkan = nullptr;

    SDL_DestroyWindow(window);
    window = nullptr;

    SDL_Quit();
    return 0;
}

vulkan_extern.cpp

#include "vulkan_extern.h"

void init_vulkan_extern(Vulkan *vulkan)
{
////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////             [Core]
//////////////////////////////////////////
    vulkan->Create_Instance();
    vulkan->Create_Debug();
    vulkan->Create_Surface();
    vulkan->Select_PhysicalDevice();
    vulkan->Select_QueueFamily();
    vulkan->Create_Device();

////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////           [Screen]
//////////////////////////////////////////
    bool test = vulkan->Create_Swapchain(false);
    vulkan->Create_ImageViews();
    vulkan->Setup_DepthStencil();
    vulkan->Create_RenderPass();
    vulkan->Create_Framebuffers();

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

    vulkan->createCommandPool();
    vulkan->createCommandBuffers();
    vulkan->create_semaphores();
    vulkan->createFences();
}

Vulkan::Vulkan()
{

}

Vulkan::~Vulkan()
{

}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////             [Core]
//////////////////////////////////////////
#include <SDL2/SDL.h>
#include <SDL2/SDL_vulkan.h>

extern SDL_Window *window;
extern char* window_name;

const vector<const char*> validationLayers = {
    ///has bug
    //"VK_LAYER_LUNARG_standard_validation"
};

void Vulkan::Create_Instance()
{
    unsigned int extensionCount = 0;
    SDL_Vulkan_GetInstanceExtensions(window, &extensionCount, nullptr);
    vector<const char *> extensionNames(extensionCount);
    SDL_Vulkan_GetInstanceExtensions(window, &extensionCount, extensionNames.data());

    VkApplicationInfo appInfo = {};
    appInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_APPLICATION_INFO;
    appInfo.pApplicationName = window_name;
    appInfo.applicationVersion = VK_MAKE_VERSION(1, 0, 0);
    appInfo.pEngineName = "No Engine";
    appInfo.engineVersion = VK_MAKE_VERSION(1, 0, 0);
    appInfo.apiVersion = VK_API_VERSION_1_0;

    VkInstanceCreateInfo instanceCreateInfo = {};
    instanceCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO;
    instanceCreateInfo.pApplicationInfo = &appInfo;
    instanceCreateInfo.enabledLayerCount = validationLayers.size();
    instanceCreateInfo.ppEnabledLayerNames = validationLayers.data();
    instanceCreateInfo.enabledExtensionCount = extensionNames.size();
    instanceCreateInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = extensionNames.data();
    
    vkCreateInstance(&instanceCreateInfo, nullptr, &instance);
}

static VKAPI_ATTR VkBool32 VKAPI_CALL VulkanReportFunc(
    VkDebugReportFlagsEXT flags,
    VkDebugReportObjectTypeEXT objType,
    uint64_t obj,
    size_t location,
    int32_t code,
    const char* layerPrefix,
    const char* msg,
    void* userData)
{
    printf("VULKAN VALIDATION: %s\n", msg);
    return VK_FALSE;
}

PFN_vkCreateDebugReportCallbackEXT SDL2_vkCreateDebugReportCallbackEXT = nullptr;
void Vulkan::Create_Debug()
{
    SDL2_vkCreateDebugReportCallbackEXT = (PFN_vkCreateDebugReportCallbackEXT)SDL_Vulkan_GetVkGetInstanceProcAddr();

    VkDebugReportCallbackCreateInfoEXT debugCallbackCreateInfo = {};
    debugCallbackCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEBUG_REPORT_CALLBACK_CREATE_INFO_EXT;
    debugCallbackCreateInfo.flags = VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT | VK_DEBUG_REPORT_WARNING_BIT_EXT;
    debugCallbackCreateInfo.pfnCallback = VulkanReportFunc;

    SDL2_vkCreateDebugReportCallbackEXT(instance, &debugCallbackCreateInfo, 0, &debugCallback);
}

void Vulkan::Create_Surface()
{
    SDL_Vulkan_CreateSurface(window, instance, &surface);
}

void Vulkan::Select_PhysicalDevice()
{
    vector<VkPhysicalDevice> physicalDevices;
    uint32_t physicalDeviceCount = 0;

    vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(instance, &physicalDeviceCount, nullptr);
    physicalDevices.resize(physicalDeviceCount);
    vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(instance, &physicalDeviceCount, physicalDevices.data());
   
    physical_devices = physicalDevices[0];
}

void Vulkan::Select_QueueFamily()
{
    vector<VkQueueFamilyProperties> queueFamilyProperties;
    uint32_t queueFamilyCount;

    vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(physical_devices, &queueFamilyCount, nullptr);
    queueFamilyProperties.resize(queueFamilyCount);
    vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(physical_devices, &queueFamilyCount, queueFamilyProperties.data());

    int graphicIndex = -1;
    int presentIndex = -1;

    int i = 0;
    for(const auto& queueFamily : queueFamilyProperties)
    {
        if(queueFamily.queueCount > 0 && queueFamily.queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT)
        {
            graphicIndex = i;
        }

        VkBool32 presentSupport = false;
        vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceSupportKHR(physical_devices, i, surface, &presentSupport);
        if(queueFamily.queueCount > 0 && presentSupport)
        {
            presentIndex = i;
        }

        if(graphicIndex != -1 && presentIndex != -1)
        {
            break;
        }

        i++;
    }

    graphics_QueueFamilyIndex = graphicIndex;
    present_QueueFamilyIndex = presentIndex;
}

#include <set>
void Vulkan::Create_Device()
{
    const std::vector<const char*> deviceExtensions = {VK_KHR_SWAPCHAIN_EXTENSION_NAME};
    const float queue_priority[] = { 1.0f };

    vector<VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo> queueCreateInfos;
    set<uint32_t> uniqueQueueFamilies = { graphics_QueueFamilyIndex, present_QueueFamilyIndex };

    float queuePriority = queue_priority[0];
    for(int queueFamily : uniqueQueueFamilies)
    {
        VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo queueCreateInfo = {};
        queueCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO;
        queueCreateInfo.queueFamilyIndex = queueFamily;
        queueCreateInfo.queueCount = 1;
        queueCreateInfo.pQueuePriorities = &queuePriority;
        queueCreateInfos.push_back(queueCreateInfo);
    }

    VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo queueCreateInfo = {};
    queueCreateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO;
    queueCreateInfo.queueFamilyIndex = graphics_QueueFamilyIndex;
    queueCreateInfo.queueCount = 1;
    queueCreateInfo.pQueuePriorities = &queuePriority;

    //https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anisotropic_filtering
    VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures deviceFeatures = {};
    deviceFeatures.samplerAnisotropy = VK_TRUE;

    VkDeviceCreateInfo createInfo = {};
    createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO;
    createInfo.pQueueCreateInfos = &queueCreateInfo;
    createInfo.queueCreateInfoCount = queueCreateInfos.size();
    createInfo.pQueueCreateInfos = queueCreateInfos.data();
    createInfo.pEnabledFeatures = &deviceFeatures;
    createInfo.enabledExtensionCount = deviceExtensions.size();
    createInfo.ppEnabledExtensionNames = deviceExtensions.data();

    createInfo.enabledLayerCount = validationLayers.size();
    createInfo.ppEnabledLayerNames = validationLayers.data();

    vkCreateDevice(physical_devices, &createInfo, nullptr, &device);

    vkGetDeviceQueue(device, graphics_QueueFamilyIndex, 0, &graphicsQueue);
    vkGetDeviceQueue(device, present_QueueFamilyIndex, 0, &presentQueue);
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////             [Screen]
//////////////////////////////////////////

VkSurfaceFormatKHR chooseSwapSurfaceFormat(const std::vector<VkSurfaceFormatKHR>& availableFormats)
{
    for (const auto& availableFormat : availableFormats)
    {
        if (availableFormat.format == VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_SRGB && availableFormat.colorSpace == VK_COLOR_SPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR)
        {
            return availableFormat;
        }
    }

    return availableFormats[0];
}

VkPresentModeKHR chooseSwapPresentMode(const std::vector<VkPresentModeKHR>& availablePresentModes)
{
    for (const auto& availablePresentMode : availablePresentModes)
    {
        if (availablePresentMode == VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR)
        {
            return availablePresentMode;
        }
    }

    return VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR;
}

#define CLAMP(x, lo, hi)    ((x) < (lo) ? (lo) : (x) > (hi) ? (hi) : (x))
bool Vulkan::Create_Swapchain(bool resize)
{
    vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(physical_devices, surface, &surfaceCapabilities);

    vector<VkSurfaceFormatKHR> surfaceFormats;
    uint32_t formatCount;
    vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(physical_devices, surface, &formatCount, nullptr);

    if (formatCount != 0)
    {
        surfaceFormats.resize(formatCount);
        vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceFormatsKHR(physical_devices, surface, &formatCount, surfaceFormats.data());
    }

    vector<VkPresentModeKHR> presentModes;
    uint32_t presentModeCount;
    vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(physical_devices, surface, &presentModeCount, nullptr);

    if (presentModeCount != 0)
    {
        presentModes.resize(presentModeCount);
        vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(physical_devices, surface, &presentModeCount, presentModes.data());
    }

    surfaceFormat = chooseSwapSurfaceFormat(surfaceFormats);
    VkPresentModeKHR presentMode = chooseSwapPresentMode(presentModes);

    int width,height = 0;
    SDL_Vulkan_GetDrawableSize(window, &width, &height);
    width = CLAMP(width, surfaceCapabilities.minImageExtent.width, surfaceCapabilities.maxImageExtent.width);
    height = CLAMP(height, surfaceCapabilities.minImageExtent.height, surfaceCapabilities.maxImageExtent.height);
    swapchainSize.width = width;
    swapchainSize.height = height;

    uint32_t imageCount = surfaceCapabilities.minImageCount + 1;
    if (surfaceCapabilities.maxImageCount > 0 && imageCount > surfaceCapabilities.maxImageCount) {
        imageCount = surfaceCapabilities.maxImageCount;
    }

    VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR createInfo{};
    createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR;
    createInfo.surface = surface;

    createInfo.minImageCount = surfaceCapabilities.minImageCount;
    createInfo.imageFormat = surfaceFormat.format;
    createInfo.imageColorSpace = surfaceFormat.colorSpace;
    createInfo.imageExtent = swapchainSize;
    createInfo.imageArrayLayers = 1;
    createInfo.imageUsage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;

   uint32_t queueFamilyIndices[] = {graphics_QueueFamilyIndex, present_QueueFamilyIndex};
    if (graphics_QueueFamilyIndex != present_QueueFamilyIndex)
    {
        createInfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_CONCURRENT;
        createInfo.queueFamilyIndexCount = 2;
        createInfo.pQueueFamilyIndices = queueFamilyIndices;
    }
    else
    {
        createInfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
    }

    createInfo.preTransform = surfaceCapabilities.currentTransform;
    createInfo.compositeAlpha = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR;
    createInfo.presentMode = presentMode;
    createInfo.clipped = VK_TRUE;

    vkCreateSwapchainKHR(device, &createInfo, nullptr, &swapchain);

    vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(device, swapchain, &swapchainImageCount, nullptr);
    swapchainImages.resize(swapchainImageCount);
    vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(device, swapchain, &swapchainImageCount, swapchainImages.data());

    return true;
}

//global createImageView
VkImageView Vulkan::createImageView(VkImage image, VkFormat format, VkImageAspectFlags aspectFlags)
{
    VkImageViewCreateInfo viewInfo = {};
    viewInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO;
    viewInfo.image = image;
    viewInfo.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D;
    viewInfo.format = format;
    viewInfo.subresourceRange.aspectMask = aspectFlags;
    viewInfo.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0;
    viewInfo.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
    viewInfo.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
    viewInfo.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;

    VkImageView imageView;
    if (vkCreateImageView(device, &viewInfo, nullptr, &imageView) != VK_SUCCESS)
    {
        throw std::runtime_error("failed to create texture image view!");
    }

    return imageView;
}
    
void Vulkan::Create_ImageViews()
{
    swapchainImageViews.resize(swapchainImages.size());

    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < swapchainImages.size(); i++)
    {
        swapchainImageViews[i] = createImageView(swapchainImages[i], surfaceFormat.format, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT);
    }    
}

VkBool32 getSupportedDepthFormat(VkPhysicalDevice physicalDevice, VkFormat *depthFormat)
{
    std::vector<VkFormat> depthFormats = {
        VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT_S8_UINT,
        VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT,
        VK_FORMAT_D24_UNORM_S8_UINT,
        VK_FORMAT_D16_UNORM_S8_UINT,
        VK_FORMAT_D16_UNORM
    };

    for (auto& format : depthFormats)
    {
        VkFormatProperties formatProps;
        vkGetPhysicalDeviceFormatProperties(physicalDevice, format, &formatProps);
        if (formatProps.optimalTilingFeatures & VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT)
        {
            *depthFormat = format;
            return true;
        }
    }

    return false;
}

//global findMemoryType
uint32_t Vulkan::findMemoryType(uint32_t typeFilter, VkMemoryPropertyFlags properties)
{
    VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memProperties;
    vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(physical_devices, &memProperties);

    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < memProperties.memoryTypeCount; i++)
    {
        if ((typeFilter & (1 << i)) && (memProperties.memoryTypes[i].propertyFlags & properties) == properties)
        {
            return i;
        }
    }

    throw std::runtime_error("failed to find suitable memory type!");
}

//global createImage
void Vulkan::createImage(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, VkFormat format, VkImageTiling tiling, 
                        VkImageUsageFlags usage, VkMemoryPropertyFlags properties, VkImage& image, 
                        VkDeviceMemory& imageMemory)
{
    VkImageCreateInfo imageInfo = {};
    imageInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO;
    imageInfo.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D;
    imageInfo.extent.width = width;
    imageInfo.extent.height = height;
    imageInfo.extent.depth = 1;
    imageInfo.mipLevels = 1;
    imageInfo.arrayLayers = 1;
    imageInfo.format = format;
    imageInfo.tiling = tiling;
    imageInfo.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
    imageInfo.usage = usage;
    imageInfo.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
    imageInfo.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;

    if (vkCreateImage(device, &imageInfo, nullptr, &image) != VK_SUCCESS)
    {
        throw std::runtime_error("failed to create image!");
    }

    VkMemoryRequirements memRequirements;
    vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(device, image, &memRequirements);

    VkMemoryAllocateInfo allocInfo = {};
    allocInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_MEMORY_ALLOCATE_INFO;
    allocInfo.allocationSize = memRequirements.size;
    allocInfo.memoryTypeIndex = findMemoryType(memRequirements.memoryTypeBits, properties);

    if (vkAllocateMemory(device, &allocInfo, nullptr, &imageMemory) != VK_SUCCESS) {
        throw std::runtime_error("failed to allocate image memory!");
    }

    vkBindImageMemory(device, image, imageMemory, 0);
}

void Vulkan::Setup_DepthStencil()
{
    VkBool32 validDepthFormat = getSupportedDepthFormat(physical_devices, &depthFormat);
    createImage(swapchainSize.width, swapchainSize.height, 
                VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT_S8_UINT, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL, 
                VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT, VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT, 
                depthImage, depthImageMemory);
    depthImageView = createImageView(depthImage, VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT_S8_UINT, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT);
}

void Vulkan::Create_RenderPass()
{
    vector<VkAttachmentDescription> attachments(2);

    attachments[0].format = surfaceFormat.format;
    attachments[0].samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
    attachments[0].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
    attachments[0].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
    attachments[0].stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
    attachments[0].stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
    attachments[0].initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
    attachments[0].finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR;

    attachments[1].format = depthFormat;
    attachments[1].samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
    attachments[1].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
    attachments[1].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
    attachments[1].stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
    attachments[1].stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
    attachments[1].initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
    attachments[1].finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;

    VkAttachmentReference colorReference = {};
    colorReference.attachment = 0;
    colorReference.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;

    VkAttachmentReference depthReference = {};
    depthReference.attachment = 1;
    depthReference.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;

    VkSubpassDescription subpassDescription = {};
    subpassDescription.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
    subpassDescription.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
    subpassDescription.pColorAttachments = &colorReference;
    subpassDescription.pDepthStencilAttachment = &depthReference;
    subpassDescription.inputAttachmentCount = 0;
    subpassDescription.pInputAttachments = nullptr;
    subpassDescription.preserveAttachmentCount = 0;
    subpassDescription.pPreserveAttachments = nullptr;
    subpassDescription.pResolveAttachments = nullptr;

    vector<VkSubpassDependency> dependencies(1);

    dependencies[0].srcSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
    dependencies[0].dstSubpass = 0;
    dependencies[0].srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT;
    dependencies[0].dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT;
    dependencies[0].srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT;
    dependencies[0].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
    dependencies[0].dependencyFlags = VK_DEPENDENCY_BY_REGION_BIT;

    VkRenderPassCreateInfo renderPassInfo = {};
    renderPassInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO;
    renderPassInfo.attachmentCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(attachments.size());
    renderPassInfo.pAttachments = attachments.data();
    renderPassInfo.subpassCount = 1;
    renderPassInfo.pSubpasses = &subpassDescription;
    renderPassInfo.dependencyCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(dependencies.size());
    renderPassInfo.pDependencies = dependencies.data();

    vkCreateRenderPass(device, &renderPassInfo, nullptr, &render_pass);
}

void Vulkan::Create_Framebuffers()
{
    swapchainFramebuffers.resize(swapchainImageViews.size());

    for (size_t i = 0; i < swapchainImageViews.size(); i++)
    {
        std::vector<VkImageView> attachments(2);
        attachments[0] = swapchainImageViews[i];
        attachments[1] = depthImageView;

        VkFramebufferCreateInfo framebufferInfo = {};
        framebufferInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO;
        framebufferInfo.renderPass = render_pass;
        framebufferInfo.attachmentCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(attachments.size());
        framebufferInfo.pAttachments = attachments.data();
        framebufferInfo.width = swapchainSize.width;
        framebufferInfo.height = swapchainSize.height;
        framebufferInfo.layers = 1;

        if (vkCreateFramebuffer(device, &framebufferInfo, nullptr, &swapchainFramebuffers[i]) != VK_SUCCESS)
        {
            throw std::runtime_error("failed to create framebuffer!");
        }
    }
}

void Vulkan::createCommandPool()
{
    VkResult result;

    VkCommandPoolCreateInfo createInfo = {};
    createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO;
    createInfo.flags = VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT | VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_TRANSIENT_BIT;
    createInfo.queueFamilyIndex = graphics_QueueFamilyIndex;
    vkCreateCommandPool(device, &createInfo, nullptr, &commandPool);
}

void Vulkan::createCommandBuffers()
{
    VkResult result;

    VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo allocateInfo = {};
    allocateInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO;
    allocateInfo.commandPool = commandPool;
    allocateInfo.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY;
    allocateInfo.commandBufferCount = swapchainImageCount;

    commandBuffers.resize(swapchainImageCount);
    vkAllocateCommandBuffers(device, &allocateInfo, commandBuffers.data());
}

void Vulkan::createSemaphore(VkSemaphore *semaphore)
{
    VkResult result;

    VkSemaphoreCreateInfo createInfo = {};
    createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO;
    vkCreateSemaphore(device, &createInfo, nullptr, semaphore);
}

void Vulkan::create_semaphores()
{
    createSemaphore(&imageAvailableSemaphore);
    createSemaphore(&renderingFinishedSemaphore);
}

void Vulkan::createFences()
{
    uint32_t i;
    fences.resize(swapchainImageCount);
    for(i = 0; i < swapchainImageCount; i++)
    {
        VkResult result;

        VkFenceCreateInfo createInfo = {};
        createInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FENCE_CREATE_INFO;
        createInfo.flags = VK_FENCE_CREATE_SIGNALED_BIT;
        vkCreateFence(device, &createInfo, nullptr, &fences[i]);
    }
}

vulkan_extern.h

#ifndef Vulkan_Extern_H
#define Vulkan_Extern_H

#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

class Vulkan
{
    private:
        void createSemaphore(VkSemaphore *semaphore);
    public:
        Vulkan();
        ~Vulkan();

//global createImageView
        VkImageView createImageView(VkImage image, VkFormat format, VkImageAspectFlags aspectFlags);
//global createImage
        void createImage(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, VkFormat format, VkImageTiling tiling, VkImageUsageFlags usage, VkMemoryPropertyFlags properties, VkImage& image, VkDeviceMemory& imageMemory);
//global findMemoryType
        uint32_t findMemoryType(uint32_t typeFilter, VkMemoryPropertyFlags properties);
////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////             [Core]
//////////////////////////////////////////
        VkInstance instance;
        vector<VkExtensionProperties> instance_extension;
        void Create_Instance();

        VkDebugReportCallbackEXT debugCallback;
        void Create_Debug();

        VkSurfaceKHR surface;
        void Create_Surface();

        VkPhysicalDevice physical_devices;
        void Select_PhysicalDevice();

        uint32_t graphics_QueueFamilyIndex;
        uint32_t present_QueueFamilyIndex;
        void Select_QueueFamily();

        VkDevice device;
        VkQueue graphicsQueue;
        VkQueue presentQueue;
        void Create_Device();

////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////           [Screen]
//////////////////////////////////////////
        VkSwapchainKHR swapchain;//
        
        VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR surfaceCapabilities;//
        VkSurfaceFormatKHR surfaceFormat;//
        VkExtent2D swapchainSize;//

        vector<VkImage> swapchainImages;//
        uint32_t swapchainImageCount;//
        bool Create_Swapchain(bool resize);

        vector<VkImageView> swapchainImageViews;
        void Create_ImageViews();

        VkFormat depthFormat;//
        VkImage depthImage;//
        VkDeviceMemory depthImageMemory;//
        VkImageView depthImageView;//
        void Setup_DepthStencil();//

        VkRenderPass render_pass;//
        void Create_RenderPass();//

        vector<VkFramebuffer> swapchainFramebuffers;
        void Create_Framebuffers();

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

        VkCommandPool commandPool;
        void createCommandPool();

        vector<VkCommandBuffer> commandBuffers;
        void createCommandBuffers();

        VkSemaphore imageAvailableSemaphore;
        VkSemaphore renderingFinishedSemaphore;
        void create_semaphores();

        vector<VkFence> fences;
        void createFences();
};

void init_vulkan_extern(Vulkan *vulkan);

#endif

vulkan_function.cpp

#include "vulkan_function.h"

#include "vulkan_extern.h"
extern Vulkan *vulkan;

uint32_t frameIndex;
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer;
VkImage image;
void AcquireNextImage()
{
    vkAcquireNextImageKHR(  vulkan->device,
                            vulkan->swapchain,
                            UINT64_MAX,
                            vulkan->imageAvailableSemaphore,
                            VK_NULL_HANDLE,
                            &frameIndex);

    vkWaitForFences(vulkan->device, 1, &vulkan->fences[frameIndex], VK_FALSE, UINT64_MAX);
    vkResetFences(vulkan->device, 1, &vulkan->fences[frameIndex]);  

    commandBuffer = vulkan->commandBuffers[frameIndex];
    image = vulkan->swapchainImages[frameIndex];
}

void ResetCommandBuffer()
{
    vkResetCommandBuffer(commandBuffer, 0);
}

void BeginCommandBuffer()
{
    VkCommandBufferBeginInfo beginInfo = {};
    beginInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO;
    beginInfo.flags = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_USAGE_SIMULTANEOUS_USE_BIT;
    vkBeginCommandBuffer(commandBuffer, &beginInfo);
}

void EndCommandBuffer()
{
    vkEndCommandBuffer(commandBuffer);
}

void FreeCommandBuffers()
{
    vkFreeCommandBuffers(vulkan->device, vulkan->commandPool, 1, &commandBuffer);
}

void BeginRenderPass(VkClearColorValue clear_color,VkClearDepthStencilValue clear_depth_stencil)
{
    VkRenderPassBeginInfo render_pass_info = {};
    render_pass_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO;
    render_pass_info.renderPass        = vulkan->render_pass;render_pass_info.framebuffer       = vulkan->swapchainFramebuffers[frameIndex];
    render_pass_info.renderArea.offset = {0, 0};
    render_pass_info.renderArea.extent = vulkan->swapchainSize;
    render_pass_info.clearValueCount   = 1;

    vector<VkClearValue> clearValues(2);
    clearValues[0].color = clear_color;
    clearValues[1].depthStencil = clear_depth_stencil;

    render_pass_info.clearValueCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(clearValues.size());
    render_pass_info.pClearValues = clearValues.data();

    vkCmdBeginRenderPass(commandBuffer, &render_pass_info, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
}

void EndRenderPass()
{
    vkCmdEndRenderPass(commandBuffer);
}

VkPipelineStageFlags waitDestStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT;
void QueueSubmit()
{
    VkSubmitInfo submitInfo = {};
    submitInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO;
    submitInfo.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
    submitInfo.pWaitSemaphores = &vulkan->imageAvailableSemaphore;
    submitInfo.pWaitDstStageMask = &waitDestStageMask;
    submitInfo.commandBufferCount = 1;
    submitInfo.pCommandBuffers = &commandBuffer;
    submitInfo.signalSemaphoreCount = 1;
    submitInfo.pSignalSemaphores = &vulkan->renderingFinishedSemaphore;
    vkQueueSubmit(vulkan->graphicsQueue, 1, &submitInfo, vulkan->fences[frameIndex]);
}

void QueuePresent()
{
    VkPresentInfoKHR presentInfo = {};
    presentInfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PRESENT_INFO_KHR;
    presentInfo.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
    presentInfo.pWaitSemaphores = &vulkan->renderingFinishedSemaphore;
    presentInfo.swapchainCount = 1;
    presentInfo.pSwapchains = &vulkan->swapchain;
    presentInfo.pImageIndices = &frameIndex;
    vkQueuePresentKHR(vulkan->presentQueue, &presentInfo);

    vkQueueWaitIdle(vulkan->presentQueue);
}

void SetViewport(int width,int height)
{
    VkViewport viewport;
    viewport.width = (float)width / 2;
    viewport.height = (float)height;
    viewport.minDepth = (float)0.0f;
    viewport.maxDepth = (float)1.0f;
    viewport.x = 0;
    viewport.y = 0;
    vkCmdSetViewport(commandBuffer, 0, 1, &viewport);
}

void SetScissor(int width,int height)
{
    VkRect2D scissor;
    scissor.extent.width = width / 2;
    scissor.extent.height = height;
    scissor.offset.x = 0;
    scissor.offset.y = 0;
    vkCmdSetScissor(commandBuffer, 0, 1, &scissor);
}

vulkan_function.h

#ifndef Vulkan_Function_H
#define Vulkan_Function_H

#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>

void AcquireNextImage();

void ResetCommandBuffer();
void BeginCommandBuffer();
void EndCommandBuffer();
void FreeCommandBuffers();

void BeginRenderPass(VkClearColorValue clear_color,VkClearDepthStencilValue clear_depth_stencil);
void EndRenderPass();

void QueueSubmit();
void QueuePresent();

void SetViewport(int width,int height);
void SetScissor(int width,int height);

#endif

Attempting to run this on Fedora, Sway 1.8, and it gives the following error:

rai@tantal ~/dev/experiments/sdl2-vulkan
$ g++ *.cpp -o vulkan -lSDL2main -lSDL2 -lvulkan
main.cpp:9:21: warning: ISO C++ forbids converting a string constant to ‘char*’ [-Wwrite-strings]
    9 | char* window_name = "example SDL2 Vulkan application";
      |                     ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
rai@tantal ~/dev/experiments/sdl2-vulkan
$ ./vulkan
terminate called after throwing an instance of 'std::runtime_error'
  what():  surfaceFormats[0].format != VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM
The process was killed by SIGABRT: Aborted

I tried both X11 and Wayland, no difference.

i update VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM to VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_SRGB because old code and old sdk version (vulkan sdk is update)
you can compile and try again (i tried then it's work on debian 12)