Passing data from a component to its controller/route:

components.foo-bar.js

import Ember from 'ember';

export default Ember.Component.extend({
  actions: {
    sendDataToController() {
      this.sendAction('sendData', 1);
    }
  }
});

controllers.application.js

import Ember from 'ember';

export default Ember.Controller.extend({
  appName: 'Ember Twiddle'
});

controllers.foo.show.js

import Ember from 'ember';

export default Ember.Controller.extend({
});

router.js

import Ember from 'ember';
import config from './config/environment';

const Router = Ember.Router.extend({
  location: 'none',
  rootURL: config.rootURL
});

Router.map(function() {
  this.route('foo', function() {
    this.route('show');
  });
});

export default Router;

routes.foo.show.js

import Ember from 'ember';

export default Ember.Route.extend({
  actions: {
    sendData(data) {
      alert(data);
    }
  }
});

templates.application.hbs

<h1>Welcome to {{appName}}</h1>
<br>
<br>
{{outlet}}
<br>
<br>

templates.components.foo-bar.hbs

<a {{action 'sendDataToController'}} href="#">Click me to send data from component to controller/route</a>

templates.foo.show.hbs

{{foo-bar sendData='sendData'}}

twiddle.json

{
  "version": "0.10.4",
  "EmberENV": {
    "FEATURES": {}
  },
  "options": {
    "use_pods": false,
    "enable-testing": false
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "jquery": "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.3/jquery.js",
    "ember": "2.7.0",
    "ember-data": "2.7.0",
    "ember-template-compiler": "2.7.0"
  },
  "addons": {}
}