base64.lua

local string_char = string.char
local string_byte = string.byte
local table_concat = table.concat
local pairs = pairs

local encoder = {}
local decoder = {}
for i, char in pairs {
    'A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J', 'K','L','M','N',
    'O','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y', 'Z',
    'a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n',
    'o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z',
    '0','1','2', '3','4','5','6','7','8','9','+','/'
} do
    local b64code = i - 1
    local charcode = string_byte(char)
    encoder[b64code] = charcode
    decoder[charcode] = b64code
end

local function encode(data)
    local s = {}
    local n = 1
    local last = #data % 3
    for i = 1, #data-last, 3 do
        local a, b, c = string_byte(data, i, i+2)
        local v = a*0x10000 + b*0x100 + c
        s[n] = string_char(encoder[(v >> 18) & 0x3f], encoder[(v >> 12) & 0x3f], encoder[(v >> 6) & 0x3f], encoder[v & 0x3f])
        n = n + 1
    end
    if last == 2 then
        local a, b = string_byte(data, -2, -1)
        local v = a*0x10000 + b*0x100
        s[n] = string_char(encoder[(v >> 18) & 0x3f], encoder[(v >> 12) & 0x3f], encoder[(v >> 6) & 0x3f], 61--[[ "=" ]])
    elseif last == 1 then
        local v = string_byte(data, -1)*0x10000
        s[n] = string_char(encoder[(v >> 18) & 0x3f], encoder[(v >> 12) & 0x3f], 61--[[ "=" ]], 61--[[ "=" ]])
    end
    return table_concat(s)
end

local function decode(data)
    local s = {}
    local n = 1
    for i = 1, #data - 4, 4 do
        local a, b, c, d = string_byte(data, i, i+3)
        local v = decoder[a]*0x40000 + decoder[b]*0x1000 + decoder[c]*0x40 + decoder[d]
        s[n] = string_char(v >> 16, (v >> 8) & 0xFF, v & 0xFF)
        n = n + 1
    end
    local a, b, c, d = string_byte(data, -4, -1)
    if c == 61 --[[ "=" ]] then
        local v = (decoder[a] * 0x4) + (decoder[b] >> 4)
        s[n] = string_char(v)
    elseif d == 61 --[[ "=" ]] then
        local v = decoder[a]*0x400 + decoder[b]*0x10 + (decoder[c] >> 2)
        s[n] = string_char(v >> 8, v & 0xFF)
    elseif a ~= nil then
        local v = decoder[a]*0x40000 + decoder[b]*0x1000 + decoder[c]*0x40 + decoder[d]
        s[n] = string_char(v >> 16, (v >> 8) & 0xFF, v & 0xFF)
    end
    return table_concat(s)
end

local base64 = {
    encode = encode,
    decode = decode,
}

for _, s in ipairs {
    -- from RFC4648
    { "",       ""         },
    { "f",      "Zg=="     },
    { "fo",     "Zm8="     },
    { "foo",    "Zm9v"     },
    { "foob",   "Zm9vYg==" },
    { "fooba",  "Zm9vYmE=" },
    { "foobar", "Zm9vYmFy" },
} do
    assert(base64.encode(s[1]) == s[2])
    assert(base64.decode(s[2]) == s[1])
end

print "ok"