Comparing performance of Data vs Hash in Ruby

datavshash.rb

# frozen_string_literal: true

require 'bundler/inline'

gemfile do
  source 'https://rubygems.org'
  gem 'benchmark-ips'
  gem 'benchmark-memory'
end

require 'benchmark/ips'
require 'benchmark/memory'

D = Data.define(:name, :id)

Benchmark.ips do |x|
  x.report('Data') do
    v = D.new(name: 'Quentin', id: '23')
    v.name + v.id
  end
  x.report('Hash') do
    v = { name: 'Quentin', id: '23' }
    v[:name] + v[:id]
  end
  x.compare!
end

Benchmark.memory do |x|
  x.report('Data') do
    v = D.new(name: 'Quentin', id: '23')
    v.name + v.id
  end
  x.report('Hash') do
    v = { name: 'Quentin', id: '23' }
    v[:name] + v[:id]
  end
  x.compare!
end

ruby 3.3.1 (2024-04-23 revision c56cd86388) [arm64-darwin23]
Warming up --------------------------------------
Data 249.750k i/100ms
Hash 485.145k i/100ms
Calculating -------------------------------------
Data 2.545M (± 5.9%) i/s - 12.987M in 5.122244s
Hash 4.860M (±10.7%) i/s - 24.257M in 5.075486s

Comparison:
Hash: 4859651.6 i/s
Data: 2545455.0 i/s - 1.91x slower

Calculating -------------------------------------
Data 240.000 memsize ( 0.000 retained)
3.000 objects ( 0.000 retained)
1.000 strings ( 0.000 retained)
Hash 200.000 memsize ( 0.000 retained)
2.000 objects ( 0.000 retained)
1.000 strings ( 0.000 retained)

Comparison:
Hash: 200 allocated
Data: 240 allocated - 1.20x more