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Created November 2, 2025 13:47
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toil.md
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Understanding Toil in Software Engineering

Insights from Google SRE

  • Toil is repetitive, manual work that scales with system growth
  • It is automatable and adds no enduring value
  • Causes engineer burnout & distracts from high-value work

(Source: Google SRE Book)


Characteristics of Toil

  • Manual and repetitive tasks
  • Automatable with engineering effort
  • Tactical, reactive, and devoid of lasting value
  • Scales linearly with service/system size
  • Example: repetitive incident response, manual deployments

Impact of Toil on Engineering Teams

  • Burnout and reduced morale
  • Less focus on innovation and scaling
  • Increased operational risks due to fatigue
  • Slower issue resolution and reduced reliability

Principles to Eliminate Toil (Google SRE)

  • Automate repetitive tasks fully where possible
  • Build tools and self-service platforms
  • Prioritize engineering efforts on reducing toil
  • Measure toil and track it as a key metric
  • Empower engineers to reclaim time for high-value work

AI & Automation: The Future of Toil Reduction

  • AI-assisted coding tools automate routine development
  • Autonomous agents execute repetitive operational tasks
  • Continuous improvement of automation in CI/CD pipelines
  • Goal: Engineer focus shifts to creative, strategic engineering
  • Result: Higher productivity, lower burnout, better reliability
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