Comandos Linux

linux-commands.txt

# Definiro o ZSH como terminal padrao
chsh -s $(which zsh)

# Symbolic Link
ln -s <source> <target>

# Ubuntu configure locale e timezone
sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales 
sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

# Acessar pasta WSL no Windows
\\wsl$

# Contando arquivos na pasta
ls -l | grep -v ^l | wc -l

# Listando os ips com mais acesso
cat access.log | cut -d ' ' -f 2 | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head

# Portas Abertas
sudo lsof -i -P -n | grep LISTEN

# Comprimir pastas
tar -zcvf archive-name.tar.gz directory-name

# Comprimindo pastas excluíndo
tar --exclude='./folder' --exclude='./upload/folder2' -zcvf /backup/filename.tgz .

# Comprimir Zip diretorios
zip –r filename.zip directory_name

# Procurando conteudo dentro de arquivos
grep -rnw 'HEAD'

# Buscar por arquivo
find / -type f -name "*.txt"

# Buscar por pasta
find / -iname *php*

# Busca por arquivo e executa arquivo
find . -type f -name "*.txt" -exec rm {} +

# Verifica o tamanho de um diretório
du -sh /var

# Remove trailing \r character that causes this error:
sed -i 's/\r$//' filename

# SSH KEY
ssh -i /path/my-key-pair.pem [email protected]

# SSH PASSWORD
sudo pico /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PasswordAuthentication yes
PermitRootLogin yes
sudo service sshd restart

# https://crontab.guru/
# http://www.crontabgenerator.com/
# crontab -e
* * * * * su -s /bin/bash root -c 'bash /app/start.sh' > /var/logs/error.log
# Reset crontab
crontab -r

# Add crontab through a script
(crontab -l 2>/dev/null; echo "0 * * * * /bin/sh -c \"(export PATH=/usr/bin:/bin; /app/run.sh)\" > /app/log.txt") | crontab -

# Bash loop
while true
do
	echo "Press [CTRL+C] to stop.."
	sleep 1
done

# Nohup commands
nohup command >/dev/null 2>&1   # doesn't create nohup.out
nohup command >/dev/null 2>&1 & # runs in background, still doesn't create nohup.out
nohup command </dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1 & # completely detached from terminal 
nohup ./job.sh > app.log 2>&1 &

# Configure JAVA_HOME (.zshrc .bashrc)
JAVA_HOME=/opt/oracle/jdk1.8.0_321
export JAVA_HOME
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

# Create a simbolic link on /usr/bin
sudo ln -s /opt/oracle/jdk1.8.0_321/bin/java /usr/bin/java
sudo ln -s /opt/oracle/jdk1.8.0_321/bin/javac /usr/bin/javac

# Generate htpasswd
# MD5
htpasswd -cm .htpasswd usuario

# bcrypt
htpasswd -cB .htpasswd usuario

# Force add install repo without key
echo deb [trusted=yes] http://repository.spotify.com stable non-free | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/spotify.list

# Resetando Painel do Mate
mate-panel --reset

# Instalando fonts windows
sudo apt-get install ttf-mscorefonts-installer
mkdir ~/.fonts
wget -qO- http://plasmasturm.org/code/vistafonts-installer/vistafonts-installer | bash
sudo fc-cache -f -v 

# Limpando cache das fonts
sudo fc-cache -f -v 

# Não atualizando e atualizando o pacote especifico
sudo apt-mark hold docker-ce
sudo apt-mark unhold docker-ce

# Revertendo Commit Git
git reset --hard [previous Commit SHA id here]
git push origin [branch Name] -f

#If you want to keep your changes, you can also use:

git reset --soft [previous Commit SHA id here]

# Alterando nome de usuario e email do GIT
git config --global user.name "Fulano de Tal"
git config --global user.email [email protected]

# Novo repositorio
cd existing_folder
git init --initial-branch=main
git checkout -b main
git push --set-upstream origin main
git remote add origin [email protected]:group/reponame.git
git add .
git commit -m "Initial commit"
git push -u origin main

# warning: shebang line ending with \r may cause problems
  git config --global core.autocrlf true
  rails app:update:bin

# Listando os maiores arquivos
cd /path/to/some/where
du -hsx * | sort -rh | head -10

# Atualizando o Ubuntu
sudo do-release-upgrade -d

# Verificando a versao da distro
lsb_release -a

# debconf-set-selections - insert new values into the debconf database
echo "resolvconf resolvconf/linkify-resolvconf boolean false" | debconf-set-selections

# Diffie-Hellman parameter for DHE ciphersuites
# $ sudo openssl dhparam -out dhparam.pem 2048

# Configurar hora do servidor
sudo service ntp stop
sudo ntpdate -s time.nist.gov
sudo service ntp start

# Sincronizando horario com o windows
timedatectl set-local-rtc 1 --adjust-system-clock

# Lista todos os pacotes globais npm
npm list -g --depth=0

# Remove pacotes global
npm -g uninstall <name> --save

# Tmux comandos
# https://tmuxcheatsheet.com/
ctrl+b  % ou "
ctrl+z
ctrl+b seta
$ tmux
$ tmux a -t 0

# Nginx rate limit
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=site:10m rate=3r/s;
limit_req zone=site burst=5;


# Linux Firewall ufw
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-setup-a-firewall-with-ufw-on-an-ubuntu-and-debian-cloud-server

# SSH Tunnel Linux
https://www.tecmint.com/create-ssh-tunneling-port-forwarding-in-linux/

# sudo apt install openssh-server
$ sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config 
GatewayPorts yes
$ sudo systemctl restart sshd
OR
$ sudo service sshd restart 
$ ssh -f -N -D 1080 [email protected]


# Partition mount "read-only" flag on all detectable ntfs partitions everytime it shuts down or reboots.
If you don't want it to do that, boot to your windows, open up a administator powershell (to do that find powershell in start, right click on it, then select "run as Administrator").

powercfg -h off

# Google Chrome ui small problem
/usr/bin/google-chrome-stable --force-device-scale-factor=n %U


# You can get your current inotify file watch limit by executing:
  $ cat /proc/sys/fs/inotify/max_user_watches
  $ echo fs.inotify.max_user_watches=524288 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf && sudo sysctl -p
  

#If you like to make your limit permanent, use:
  $ echo fs.inotify.max_user_watches=524288 | sudo tee -a /etc/sysctl.conf
  $ sudo sysctl -p
  
# Corrigindo bug do icone ubuntu matte 20.04
  $ sudo sed -i '/Icon\[/d' /usr/share/applications/*.desktop
  $ sudo sed -i '/Icon\[/d' /usr/share/mate/desktop-directories/*.directory
  $ sudo update-desktop-database
  
  
# Como desativar o relatório de erros do Apport no Ubuntu
# os erros ficam em /var/crash/
  $ sudo service apport stop
  $ sudo gedit /etc/default/apport
  
    # set this to 0 to disable apport, or to 1 to enable it
    # you can temporarily override this with
    # sudo service apport start force_start=1
    enabled=0
  OU
  $ sudo sed -i 's/enabled=1/enabled=0/g' /etc/default/apport
  


# Testando largura de banda
# Startando servidor
  $ iperf3 -s -f M
  
# Teste do client  
  $ iperf3 -c 10.0.0.1 -t 60 -f M

# Teste do client reverso
  $ iperf3 -c 10.0.0.1 -t 60 -f M -r
  
# Iperf3 public server 
# https://github.com/R0GGER/public-iperf3-servers?tab=readme-ov-file#latin-america
iperf3 -c speedtest.sao1.edgoo.net -p 9204-9240


  
# Limpando a máquina
    $ sudo apt-get clean
    $ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/EMPTY bs=1M
    $ sudo rm -f /EMPTY
    $ cat /dev/null > ~/.bash_history && history -c && exit

# Ubuntu installation on computers with Intel(R) RST enabled 
  https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/ubuntu-installation-on-computers-with-intel-r-rst-enabled/15347   
  
# Ubuntu Vanilla change icon and themas
  $ sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool
  $ gnome-tweaks

# Ubuntu ungroup icons
# https://github.com/home-sweet-gnome/dash-to-panel
 $ sudo apt update
 $ sudo apt install gnome-tweaks
 $ sudo apt install gnome-shell-extension-dash-to-panel

# Clean /r to files
 $ sed -i -e 's/\r$//' scriptname.sh
 
# Locale to shortcut app
 $ nautilus /usr/share/applications/

# Add icon shortcut
 $ sudo apt install alacarte
 
# If you want to work with sockets manually, you can use the socat utility to expose them over network ports:
 $ socat TCP-LISTEN:12345 UNIX-CONNECT:/var/lib/socket.sock
 
# Grub customizer
 $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer
 $ sudo apt-get install grub-customizer
 $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:danielrichter2007/grub-customizer -r -y
 $ sudo apt-get remove grub-customizer --auto-remove

# Legacy SSL NODE 
 export NODE_OPTIONS=--openssl-legacy-provider
 
# Update Firmware
 $ sudo service fwupd start
 $ sudo fwupdmgr refresh
 $ sudo fwupdmgr update
 
 
# Icones Área de Trabalho (Desktop)

$ nano ~/Área\ de\ Trabalho/seu_script.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Type=Application
Name=Executar Meu Script
Comment=Atalho para meu script shell
Exec=/caminho/para/seu_script.sh
Icon=/caminho/para/icone.png
Terminal=true
Categories=Utility;

chmod +x ~/Área\ de\ Trabalho/seu_script.desktop