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Python Training Notes - June 2012
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1-getting-started.ipynb
{
"metadata": {
"name": "1-getting-started"
},
"nbformat": 3,
"nbformat_minor": 0,
"worksheets": [
{
"cells": [
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"1+2"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 1,
"text": [
"3"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 1
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"3"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 2,
"text": [
"3"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 2
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"%%file hello.py\n",
"print 1+2"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Overwriting hello.py\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 5
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"!python hello.py"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"3\r\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 6
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Assignments"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = 3\n",
"print x + 2"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"5\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 7
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = \"hello\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"prompt_number": 9
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 10,
"text": [
"'hello'"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 10
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"3 + \"1\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"ename": "TypeError",
"evalue": "unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'str'",
"output_type": "pyerr",
"traceback": [
"\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)",
"\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-11-41c1f868b843>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;36m3\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m+\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\"1\"\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
"\u001b[0;31mTypeError\u001b[0m: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'int' and 'str'"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 11
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = \"hello\"\n",
"print \"x\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"x\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 12
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = \"hello\"\n",
"print x, \"world\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
" hello world\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 15
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = 4\n",
"y = x + 1\n",
"x = 2\n",
"print x, y"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"2 5\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 16
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = 3\n",
"y = x\n",
"x = 2\n",
"print x, y"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"2 3\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 17
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = 2\n",
"# computing square\n",
"y = x*x\n",
"print \"square of\", x, \"is\", y "
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"square of 2 is 4\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 18
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Functions"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"def square(x):\n",
" y = x*x\n",
" return y\n",
"\n",
"print square(2)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"4\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 19
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"def sum_of_squares(x, y):\n",
" return square(x)+square(y)\n",
"\n",
"print sum_of_squares(3, 4)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"25\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 20
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem:** Implement a function `double` to double the given number."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"%%file func1.py\n",
"x = 0\n",
"y = 0\n",
"print x, y\n",
"\n",
"def square(x):\n",
" y = x*x\n",
" return y\n",
"\n",
"print square(3)\n",
"print x\n",
"print y"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Overwriting func1.py\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 25
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"!python func1.py"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"0 0\r\n",
"9\r\n",
"0\r\n",
"0\r\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 26
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"%%file area.py\n",
"def square(x):\n",
" return x*x\n",
"\n",
"pi = 3.14\n",
"def area_of_circle(r):\n",
" area = pi * square(r)\n",
" return area\n",
"\n",
"print area_of_circle(10)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Writing area.py\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 23
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"!python area.py"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"314.0\r\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 24
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"def square(x):\n",
" return x*x\n",
"print square(4)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"16\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 28
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"square"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 30,
"text": [
"<function __main__.square>"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 30
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"f = square"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"prompt_number": 31
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"f"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 32,
"text": [
"<function __main__.square>"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 32
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"f(4)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 33,
"text": [
"16"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 33
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"%%file sumof.py\n",
"def square(x):\n",
" return x*x\n",
"def sum_of_squares(x, y):\n",
" return square(x)+square(y)\n",
"\n",
"def cube(x):\n",
" return x*x*x\n",
"def sum_of_cubes(x, y):\n",
" return cube(x)+cube(y)\n",
"\n",
"print sum_of_squares(3, 4)\n",
"print sum_of_cubes(3, 4)\n",
"\n",
"def sumof(f, x, y):\n",
" return f(x) + f(y)\n",
"print sumof(square, 3, 4)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Overwriting sumof.py\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 37
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"!python sumof.py"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"25\r\n",
"91\r\n",
"25\r\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 38
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### Built-in functions"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"min(3, 4)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 39,
"text": [
"3"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 39
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"len(\"helloworld\")"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 40,
"text": [
"10"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 40
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"str(2)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 41,
"text": [
"'2'"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 41
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem**: write a function `count_digits`, that takes a number as argument and returns the number of digits it has.\n",
"\n",
" def count_digits(n):\n",
" # your code here\n",
" print count_digits(123)"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### Methods"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = \"hello\"\n",
"print x.upper()"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"HELLO\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 42
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x.count(\"l\")"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 43,
"text": [
"2"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 43
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\"abrakadabra\".count(\"ra\")"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 44,
"text": [
"2"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 44
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\"abrakadabra\".count(\"a\")"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 45,
"text": [
"5"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 45
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"\"HELLO hello\".count(\"lo\")"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 46,
"text": [
"1"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 46
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem:** Write a function `icount` that takes a string and a substring as arguments and return the number of occurances of the substring in the string, ignoring the case.\n",
"\n",
" print icount(\"HELLO hello\", \"lo\") # should print 2"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Conditional Expressions"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Python has two boolean values. `True` and `False`."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"True"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 47,
"text": [
"True"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 47
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"False"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 48,
"text": [
"False"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 48
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = 1\n",
"print x==2"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"False\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 49
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"name = \"Alice\"\n",
"age = 34\n",
"\n",
"print name == \"Alice\"\n",
"print name == \"Alice\" and age < 50"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"True\n",
"True\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 50
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"name.endswith(\"lice\")"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 51,
"text": [
"True"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 51
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"not name.endswith(\"lice\")"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 52,
"text": [
"False"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 52
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem:** Write a function `is_comment`, that takes a line as argument and checks if the line is a comment. A line is a comment if it starts with a `#` character.\n",
"\n",
" print is_comment(\"# computing square\") # should print True\n",
" print is_comment(\"def square(x):\") # should print False"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"### If statement"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = 42\n",
"if x % 2 == 0:\n",
" print x, \"is even\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"42 is even\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 55
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = 43\n",
"if x % 2 == 0:\n",
" print x, \"is even\"\n",
"else:\n",
" print x, \"is odd\""
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"43 is odd\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 56
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem:** Write a function `minimum` to compute minimum of two given numbers. Implement this without using built-in `min` function.\n",
"\n",
" print minimum(3, 4) # should print 3\n",
" print minimum(3, 2) # should print 2"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem:** Write a function `minimum3` to compute minimum of three given numbers.\n",
"\n",
" print minimum3(3, 4, 5) # should print 3\n",
" print minimum3(3, 2, 4) # should print 2"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem:** Write a function `istrcmp` to compare two strings igoring the case.\n",
"\n",
" print istrcmp(\"hello\", \"Hello\") # should print True\n",
" print istrcmp(\"hello\", \"World\") # should print False"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"def minimum3(x, y, z):\n",
" return min(min(x, y), z)\n",
"\n",
"print minimum3(3, 4, 5)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"3\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 59
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Lists"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"[1, 2]"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 60,
"text": [
"[1, 2]"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 60
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = [1, 2]"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"prompt_number": 61
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 62,
"text": [
"[1, 2]"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 62
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x[0]"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 63,
"text": [
"1"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 63
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x[1]"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 64,
"text": [
"2"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 64
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"len(x)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 65,
"text": [
"2"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 65
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"x = [1, \"hello\", 1.4]"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"prompt_number": 66
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"len(x)"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 67,
"text": [
"3"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 67
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"## Command Line Arguments"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"Lets look at modules in Python."
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"import time"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [],
"prompt_number": 68
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"time.asctime()"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 69,
"text": [
"'Fri Jun 21 12:09:18 2013'"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 69
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"time.time()"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "pyout",
"prompt_number": 70,
"text": [
"1371796767.684013"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 70
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem:** Write a program `date.py` that prints the current date time.\n",
"\n",
" python date.py # should print the current date and time"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"%%file args.py\n",
"import sys\n",
"print sys.argv"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"Writing args.py\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 72
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"!python args.py"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"['args.py']\r\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 73
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [
"!python args.py hello world"
],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": [
{
"output_type": "stream",
"stream": "stdout",
"text": [
"['args.py', 'hello', 'world']\r\n"
]
}
],
"prompt_number": 74
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem:** Write a prigram `echo.py` that prints its first argument.\n",
"\n",
" $ python echo.py hello\n",
" hello"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem:** Write a program `square.py`, that takes a number as command line argument and prints its square.\n",
" \n",
" $ python square.py 4\n",
" 16"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "markdown",
"metadata": {},
"source": [
"**Problem:** Write a program `sum.py`, that takes two numbers as command line arguments and prints their sum.\n",
"\n",
" $ python sum.py 3 4\n",
" 7"
]
},
{
"cell_type": "code",
"collapsed": false,
"input": [],
"language": "python",
"metadata": {},
"outputs": []
}
],
"metadata": {}
}
]
}
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