Boilerplate Config file for nginx, originally written for a Joomla instal. @nikosdion/master-htaccess

nginx.conf

server {
	######################################################################
	## The Master .htaccess - NginX adaptation
	##
	## Version 3.3
	##
	## This file is designed to be the template NginX server configuration file
	## for your Joomla! sites. You should go through all of its sections and
	## modify it to match your site. Most notably, all instances of example.com
	## and example\.com should be replaced with your real domain name.
	##
	## Some sections are too picky and may cause problems with legitimate requests.
	## You are ultimately responsible for disabling them or writing exception rules
	## for your requests. Most notably, the advanced server protection section will
	## cause issues with several minifiers, eXtplorer, VirtueMart and other exten-
	## sions which use non-standard scripts as their entry points. You must add
	## exceptions for them manually.
	##
	## Some sections - depending on your server configuration - may cause your site
	## to throw 500 Internal Server Error. The only way to figure out which one is
	## causing it is trial and error.
	##
	## This is an adaptation of my Master .htaccess, a similar file which
	## I have designed for Apache-based servers. This adaptation would not
	## be possible without all the wonderful people who helped me write and
	## test the original Master .htaccess, the Joomla! project which now
	## recommends it in its official documentation wiki and the thousands
	## of Admin Tools Professional subscribers who provided invaluable
	## feedback on the Master .htaccess' performance across different servers.
	##
	## Have fun, stay safe.
	##
	## Nicholas K. Dionysopoulos
	## Lead Developer, AkeebaBackup.com
	##
	######################################################################
	
	######################################################################
	## Basic server setup. Change to match YOUR system!
	######################################################################
	# -- Basic configuration
	# ---- Port to listen to. For SSL sites change this to 443.
	listen 80;
	# ---- Domain name(s) of this site, separated by commas
	server_name www.example.com example.com www.example.org example.org;
	# ---- Site root path
	root /home/web/domains/www.example.com/public_html;
	# ---- Path to the access log
	access_log /home/web/domains/www.example.com/logs/access.log;
	# ---- Path to the error log
	error_log /home/web/domains/www.example.com/logs/error.log;
	# ---- Custom error pages. Each error page is four lines. The first one
	#      defines which page will be shown for each error code. The next
	#      three lines make sure that the error page cannot be accessed
	#      directly over the web.
	error_page 404 /errors/404.html;
	location  /errors/404.html {
		internal;
	}
	
	error_page 500 /errors/500.html;
	location  /errors/500.html {
		internal;
	}
	
	error_page 403 /errors/403.html;
	location  /errors/403.html {
		internal;
	}
	
	######################################################################
	## SSL Configuration
	##
	## Only use this block if you are setting up the SSL (HTTPS) server
	## definition of your site.
	######################################################################
	ssl on;
	ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/localcerts/webserver.pem;
	ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/localcerts/webserver.key;
	
	ssl_session_timeout 5m;
	
	ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1;
	ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv3:+EXP;
	ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
	
	######################################################################
	## The Kitchen Sink - An array of useful and performance-tuning options
	######################################################################
	# -- Timeout handling, see http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpCoreModule
	client_header_timeout 10;
	client_body_timeout   10;
	send_timeout          30;
	keepalive_timeout     40 20;
	
	# -- Socket settings, see http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpCoreModule
	connection_pool_size        8192;
	client_header_buffer_size   4k;
	large_client_header_buffers 8 8k;
	request_pool_size           8k;
	
	# -- Performance, see http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpCoreModule
	sendfile on;
	sendfile_max_chunk 1m;
	postpone_output 0;
	tcp_nopush on;
	tcp_nodelay off;
	
	# -- Output buffering, see http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpCoreModule
	output_buffers 8 32k;
	
	# -- Character encoding, see http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpCharsetModule
	charset                 utf-8;
	source_charset          utf-8;

	# -- Security options, see http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpCoreModule
	server_name_in_redirect off;
	server_tokens off;
	ignore_invalid_headers on;
	# You may have to comment out the next line on multi-site installations
	disable_symlinks if_not_owner;
	
	######################################################################
	## Redirect non-www to www
	##
	## If you enable this, disable the "Redirect www to non-www" below!
	######################################################################
	if ($host = 'example.com' ) {
		rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://www.example.com/$1 permanent;
	}

	######################################################################
	## Redirect www to non-www
	##
	## If you enable this, disable the "Redirect non-www to www" above!
	######################################################################
	if ($host = 'www.example.com' ) {
		rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://example.com/$1 permanent;
	}

	######################################################################
	## Redirect example.org to example.com
	##
	## Your server_name must include both the old and new domain names!
	######################################################################
	if ($host ~ "(www\.)?example.org$" ) {
		rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://www.example.com/$1 permanent;
	}
	
	######################################################################
	## CloudFlare support - see http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpRealIpModule
	## Comment out if you are not using the CloudFlare CDN
	######################################################################
	set_real_ip_from 204.93.240.0/24;
	set_real_ip_from 204.93.177.0/24;
	set_real_ip_from 199.27.128.0/21;
	set_real_ip_from 173.245.48.0/20;
	set_real_ip_from 103.22.200.0/22;
	set_real_ip_from 141.101.64.0/18;
	set_real_ip_from 108.162.192.0/18;
	set_real_ip_from 190.93.240.0/20;
	real_ip_header CF-Connecting-IP;

	######################################################################
	## Directory indices
	## Forces index.php to be read before the index.htm(l) files
	######################################################################
	index index.php index.html index.htm;
	
	######################################################################
	## Status page - DISABLE THIS ON LIVE SITES!
	######################################################################
	location /nginx_status {
		stub_status on;
		access_log   off;
		# Remember to change this to your PC's IP address
		allow 192.168.0.1;
	}

	######################################################################
	## Google Apps redirection
	## This also shows how to redirect a directory to an external server
	######################################################################
	location ~* /mail {
		rewrite ^ http://mail.google.com/a/example.com permanent;
	}
	
	######################################################################
	## Block some common exploits
	######################################################################
	set $common_exploit 0;
	if ($query_string ~ "proc/self/environ") {
		set $common_exploit 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "mosConfig_[a-zA-Z_]{1,21}(=|\%3D)") {
		set $common_exploit 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "base64_(en|de)code\(.*\)") {
		set $common_exploit 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "(<|%3C).*script.*(>|%3E)") {
		set $common_exploit 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "GLOBALS(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2})") {
		set $common_exploit 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "_REQUEST(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2})") {
		set $common_exploit 1;
	}
	if ($common_exploit = 1) {
		return 403;
	}

	######################################################################
	## File injection protection
	######################################################################
	set $file_injection 0;
	if ($query_string ~ "[a-zA-Z0-9_]=http://") {
		set $file_injection 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "[a-zA-Z0-9_]=(\.\.//?)+") {
		set $file_injection 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "[a-zA-Z0-9_]=/([a-z0-9_.]//?)+") {
		set $file_injection 1;
	}
	if ($file_injection = 1) {
		return 403;
	}
	
	######################################################################
	## SQL injection first line of defence (NOT comprehensive!)
	######################################################################
	set $sql_injection 0;
	if ($query_string ~ "concat.*\(") {
		set $sql_injection 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "union.*select.*\(") {
		set $sql_injection 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "union.*all.*select.*") {
		set $sql_injection 1;
	}
	if ($sql_injection = 1) {
		return 403;
	}

	######################################################################
	## Basic anti-spam
	######################################################################
	set $looks_like_spam 0;
	if ($query_string ~ "\b(ambien|blue\spill|cialis|cocaine|ejaculation|erectile)\b") {
		set $looks_like_spam 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "\b(erections|hoodia|huronriveracres|impotence|levitra|libido)\b") {
		set $looks_like_spam 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "\b(lipitor|phentermin|pro[sz]ac|sandyauer|tramadol|troyhamby)\b") {
		set $looks_like_spam 1;
	}
	if ($query_string ~ "\b(ultram|unicauca|valium|viagra|vicodin|xanax|ypxaieo)\b") {
		set $looks_like_spam 1;
	}
	if ($looks_like_spam = 1) {
		return 403;
	}

	######################################################################
	## Advanced server protection rules exceptions
	##
	## You will DEFINITELY need to add exceptions for a lot of extensions
	## to work. Yeah, I have to write an illustrated guide at some point.
	## However, if you can use Firebug or Google Chrome Web Developer
	## window then you can find out the exceptions all by yourself. Use the
	## following as a guide.
	######################################################################
	# Allow direct access to a specific PHP file
	location = /tmp/test.php {
		fastcgi_pass $fastcgi_pass;
		break;
	}	
	
	# Allow direct access to a specific static (non-PHP) file
	location = /administrator/test.png {
		break;
	}
	

	######################################################################
	## Server protection
	##
	## Nothing on my site runs unless I say so!
	######################################################################
	# Allow media files in select back-end directories
	location ~* ^/administrator/(components|modules|templates|images)/.*.(jp(e?g|2)?|png|gif|bmp|css|js|swf|html?|ico|mpe(eg?[34])|avi|wav|og[gv]|xlsx?|docx?|pptx?|zip|rar|pdf|xps|txt|7z|svg|od[tsp]|flv|mov)$ {
		break;
	}
	
	# Allow media files in select front-end directories
	location ~* ^/(components|modules|templates|images|plugins|media|includes/js)/.*.(jp(e?g|2)?|png|gif|bmp|css|js|swf|html?|ico|mpe(eg?[34])|avi|wav|og[gv]|xlsx?|docx?|pptx?|zip|rar|pdf|xps|txt|7z|svg|od[tsp]|flv|mov)$ {
		break;
	}

	# Allow access to the front-end index.php file
	location = / {
		try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri&$args;
	}
	location = /index.php {
		fastcgi_pass $fastcgi_pass;
		break;
	}

	# Allow access to the back-end index.php file
	location = /administrator {
		rewrite ^ /administrator/index.php last;
	}
	location = /administrator/ {
		rewrite ^ /administrator/index.php last;
	}
	location = /administrator/index.php {
		fastcgi_pass $fastcgi_pass;
		break;
	}

	# Disable access to everything else.
	location ~* /.*$ {
		# If it is a file, directory or symlink and I haven't deliberetaly
		# enabled access to it, forbid any access to it!
		if (-e $request_filename) {
			return 403;
		}
		# In any other case, just treat as a SEF URL
		try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri&$args;
	}
	
	######################################################################
	## PHP Setup
	######################################################################
	include fastcgi_params;
	fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
	set $fastcgi_pass "unix:/var/run/php5-fpm-web.sock";
	location ~ index.php$ {
		fastcgi_pass $fastcgi_pass;
	}

	######################################################################
	## Expiration control
	##
	## Optimises the expiration time
	######################################################################
	# CSS and JavaScript : 1 week
	location ~* \.(css|js)$ {
		expires 1w;
	}
	
	# Image files : 1 month
	location ~* \.(bmp|gif|jpg|jpeg|jp2|png|svg|tif|tiff|ico|wbmp|wbxml|smil)$ {
		expires 1m;
	}
	
	# Document files : 1 month
	location ~* \.(pdf|txt|xml)$ {
		expires 1m;
	}
	
	# Audio files : 1 month
	location ~* \.(mid|midi|mp3|m4a|m4r|aif|aiff|ra|wav|voc|ogg)$ {
		expires 1m;
	}

	# Video files : 1 month
	location ~* \.(swf|vrml|avi|mkv|mpg|mpeg|mp4|m4v|mov|asf)$ {
		expires 1m;
	}
	
	######################################################################
	## User agent blocking
	##
	## Disables access to your site by user agent. Useful to block some
	## bandwidth hoggers.
	######################################################################
	set $bad_ua 0;
	
	# This also disables Akeeba Remote Control 2.5 and earlier
	if ($http_user_agent ~ "Indy Library") {
		set $bad_ua 1;
	}

	# Disabling Wget will also block the most common method to run CRON jobs	
	if ($http_user_agent ~ "Wget") {
		set $bad_ua 1;
	}
	
	# Common bandwidth hoggers and hacking tools. Each rule is three lines, beginning with "if"
	if ($http_user_agent ~ "libwww-perl") {
		set $bad_ua 1;
	}
	if ($http_user_agent ~ "Download Demon") {
		set $bad_ua 1;
	}
	if ($http_user_agent ~ "GetRight") {
		set $bad_ua 1;
	}
	if ($http_user_agent ~ "GetWeb!") {
		set $bad_ua 1;
	}
	if ($http_user_agent ~ "Go!Zilla") {
		set $bad_ua 1;
	}
	if ($http_user_agent ~ "Go-Ahead-Got-It") {
		set $bad_ua 1;
	}
	if ($http_user_agent ~ "GrabNet") {
		set $bad_ua 1;
	}
	if ($http_user_agent ~ "TurnitinBot") {
		set $bad_ua 1;
	}
	
	# If you enable any of the above don't remove this. It's what blocks
	# the bad user agents!
	if ($bad_ua = 1) { 
		return 403; 
	}

	######################################################################
	## Automatic compression of static resources
	## Compress text, html, javascript, css, xml and other static resources
	## May kill access to your site for old versions of Internet Explorer
	######################################################################
	gzip            on;
	gzip_vary		on;
	gzip_comp_level 4;
	gzip_min_length 1100;
	gzip_types      text/plain text/html text/xml text/css application/xml application/xhtml+xml application/xml+rss application/rss+xml application/x-javascript application/javascript text/javascript;
	gzip_buffers    16 8k;
}