[select] about conditional branching especially selection-branching

switch.c

// c language : libraries
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

// handle cases : definitions of cases
enum Kind { Kind1, Kind2, Kind3, LastKindCount };
const char* const KindArray[LastKindCount] = { "Kind1", "Kind2", "Kind3"};

// c language : program entry-point
int main(){
	printf("switch example\n");
	
	// (safe) string input
	char buffer[100];
    printf("Enter a string: ");
    if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin) != NULL) {
        // Remove trailing newline if present
        buffer[strcspn(buffer, "\n")] = '\0';
        printf("You entered: %s\n", buffer);
    }
	
	// handle cases : search foundKind
	int foundKind = -1;
	for(int i=0; i<LastKindCount; i++){
		if(0==strcmp(buffer,KindArray[i])){
			foundKind=i; break;
		}
	}
	// handle cases : switch(foundKind)
	switch(foundKind){
		case Kind1:
			printf("switch -> Kind1\n"); break;
		case Kind2:
			printf("switch -> Kind2\n"); break;
		case Kind3:
			printf("switch -> Kind3\n"); break;
		default:
			printf("switch -> default\n");
	}
}

switch.js

// ✅ Strings
let lang = "Python";
switch(lang) {
    case "JavaScript":
        console.log("Web developer");
        break;
    case "Python":
        console.log("Data Scientist");
        break;
}

// ✅ Mixed types (strict comparison ===)
let value = "42";
switch(value) {
    case 42:  // ❌ Won't match (string !== number)
        break;
    case "42":  // ✅ Will match
        break;
}

// ✅ Templates (complex expressions)
let x = 10;
switch(true) {  // Trick for ranges
    case x < 5:
        console.log("Less than 5");
        break;
    case x <= 10:
        console.log("5 to 10");
        break;
}

// addendum (see also php switch)

function fizzbuzz(num) {
	switch (0) {
        case num % 15 : return "FizzBuzz";
        case num % 3 : return "Fizz";
        case num % 5 : return "Buzz";
        default : return num;
    }
}

for (var i = 0; i <= 20; i++)
{
	console.log( fizzbuzz(i) );
}

switch.php

<?php
// ✅ Strings!
$lang = "Python";
switch($lang) {
    case "JavaScript":
        echo "Web developer\n";
        break;
    case "Python":
        echo "Data Scientist\n";
        break;
    case "PHP":
        echo "Backend developer\n";
        break;
}

// ✅ Integers
$num = 42;
switch($num) {
    case 42:
        echo "Answer\n";
        break;
}

// ✅ Mixed types! (loose comparison by default)
$value = "42";
switch($value) {
    case 42:  // Will match! (string "42" == int 42)
        echo "Matches due to type juggling\n";
        break;
}

// ✅ Strict comparison with switch
switch($value) {
    case 42:  // Won't match if using strict_types
        break;
}

// ✅ Expressions (not just constants)
$threshold = 10;
switch($x) {
    case $threshold:  // OK in PHP
        break;
    case $threshold * 2:
        break;
}

// ✅ Multiple values per case
switch($x) {
    case 1:
    case 2:
    case 3:
        echo "1, 2, or 3\n";
        break;
}

// addendum (see also php match)

function fizzbuzz($num) {
	switch (0) {
        case $num % 15 : return "FizzBuzz";
        case $num % 3 : return "Fizz";
        case $num % 5 : return "Buzz";
        default : return $num;
    };
}

for ($i = 0; $i <= 20; $i++)
{
	print( fizzbuzz($i) . PHP_EOL );
}