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June 20, 2013 18:00
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<h2>Glossary of Vocabulary</h2> | |
<h3>Programming</h3> | |
<div style="background: #dfd;"> | |
<h5>Compiler</h5> | |
<h5>High-Level Language</h5> | |
<h5>IDE</h5> | |
<h5>Interpreter</h5> | |
<h5>Low-Level Language</h5> | |
<h5>Source Code</h5> | |
<h5>Text Editor</h5> | |
</div> | |
<h3>Hardware</h3> | |
<h5>Bandwidth</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>The amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time. (Julie)</li> | |
<li>Transfer rate of information or data, usually expressed in amount of data/unit time. (Jeremy)</li> | |
<li>The amount of information that can be transmitted from onecomputer to another. (Debby)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>BIOS (Basic Input/Output System)</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>The necessary information for a computer to be able to start for the first time. (Sean)</li> | |
<li>basic input/output system, the built-in software that determines what a computercan do without accessing programs from a disk (Julie)</li> | |
<li>Basic Input/Output System, the built in software on the motherboard that does the most basicoperations on a computer (Jeremy)</li> | |
<li>The software that determines what your computer can do without readinganything from a disk (Ian)</li> | |
<li>Routines in ROM that allow a computer to start and to communicate with other parts in the computer. (Damion)</li> | |
<li>This stands for Basic Input Output System, which is a program into a computer runs when the computer turns on. (Justin)</li> | |
<li> | |
<p><span>Simple instructions to for booting up the computer</span> (Eddie)</p> | |
</li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<h5>Bit</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>Short for “binary digit”, the smallest unit of information on a machine. (Julie)</li> | |
<li>The smallest unit of information on a computer, it is also short forbinary digit. (Debby)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<h5>Boolean Logic</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>Named after the nineteenth-century mathematician George Boole, Boolean logic is a form of algebra in which all values are reduced to either TRUE or FALSE. (Julie)</li> | |
<li>Logic that reduces values to 0s and 1s by using Or, And, Not. (Jeremy)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<h5>Byte</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>Abbreviation for “binary term”, a unit of storage capable of holding a singlecharacter (1 byte = 8 bits). (Julie)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<h5>CPU</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>An electronic circuit that executes a program. (Sean)</li> | |
<li>A Unit that processes all the commands. (Eddie)</li> | |
<li>The “brain” of a computer, and like the brain, handles all the processingcomputers do. (Damion)</li> | |
<li>It stands for the central processing unit, the part of a computer thatcontrols the commands and helps interpret information for a computer to function. (Debby)</li> | |
<li>"The Brain of the computer" (Robert)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>Device</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li><span style="background-color: #ffcc00;">any machine or component that attaches to a computer (examples: disk drives, printers, mice and modems) (Julie)</span></li> | |
<li>A device is an electronic machine from a transistor to a disk drive, and is always referring to hardware, unless it’s a device driver. (Justin)</li> | |
<li>A machine or object that has been built for a particular reason/purpose. (Debby)</li> | |
<li>Objects that are connected to the computer, for example a mouse or a keyboard. (Robert)</li> | |
<li> | |
<p>additional hardware to enhance the computer. (Eddie)</p> | |
</li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>Driver</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>Computer program that controls or operates a certain device attached to a computer. (Sean)</li> | |
<li>a program that controls a device (Julie)</li> | |
<li>A program that controls device attached to a computer (Videocard, mouse, printer...) (Jeremy)</li> | |
<li>This can be either hardware or software program that controls another device. (Justin)</li> | |
<li>A driver is a software that will help connect the hardware to other parts of the computer (Robert)</li> | |
<li><span>program that communicates devices to the computer (Eddie)</span></li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<h5>Fan</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>Robert: Keeps the processor cool and run smooth.</li> | |
</ul> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>Flash Drive</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>electronic device that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. (Sean)</li> | |
<li>a small, portable flash memory card that plugs into a computer’s USB portand functions as a portable hard drive (Julie)</li> | |
<li>small flash memory that stores data (Jeremy)</li> | |
<li>A portable storage device (Ian)</li> | |
<li>A device that stores data with flash memory. (Damion)</li> | |
<li>A small object used to store electronic data that can beeasily accessed by connecting it to a computer. (Debby)</li> | |
<li>A device used to store data and can transfer the data from computer to computer. (Robert)</li> | |
<li> | |
<p><span>flash memory that stores data.</span> (Eddie)</p> | |
</li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>Flash Memory</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>a special type of EEPROM that can be erased and reprogrammed inblocks instead of one byte at a time (Julie)</li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<h5>Hard Disc (a.k.a. Hard Disk Drive, HDD)</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>A device used for holding storage in a computer, as well as memory. (Damion)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>Hardware</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>storage devices and display devices (Julie)</li> | |
<li><span style="background-color: #ffcc00;">These are the physical parts that make up a computer system. (If you can break it with a hammer, it’s hardware.) (Justin)</span></li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<h5>Hertz</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>The SI Unit of frequency, equal to one cycle per second. (Julie)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<h5>Logical Gate</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>type of circuit that regulates the flow of electricity that determinesthe Boolean logic computers use to make complex logical decisions. (Julie)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<h5>Memory (a.k.a. Storage)</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>An electronic flash memory data storage device. (Sean)</li> | |
<li>Stores memory for programs in use. (Eddie)</li> | |
<li>The component of a computer system that performs the basic operations of the system, that exchanges data with the system’s memory or peripherals, and that manages the system’s other component (also called processor). (Julie)</li> | |
<li>Place where computer stores data and information. (Jeremy)</li> | |
<li>The central and most important circuit board inside of a computer. (Damion)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<h5>Motherboard</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>A printed circuit board found in all modern computers. (Sean)</li> | |
<li>Composed of chipsets, and connects the CPU, Memory, hard drive, sound card, and graphic cards together. (Eddie)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>Operating System</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li><span style="background-color: #ffcc00;">a collection of software that manages computer hardware resources and provides common services for computer programs. (Sean)</span></li> | |
<li>the most important program that runs a computer and performs basic tasks (Julie)</li> | |
<li>basic program that controls hardware and provides space for other software to run (Jeremy)</li> | |
<li>Software that allows a computer to perform basic tasks (Ian)</li> | |
<li><span style="background-color: #ffcc00;">Software that contains programs and data on a computer. For Example: Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. (Damion)</span></li> | |
<li>A program that specifically controls how a computer functions. (Debby)</li> | |
<li>The basic system in the computer (Robert)</li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>Optical Drive</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>A disk drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic waves to read or write data. (Sean)</li> | |
<li><span style="background-color: #ffcc00;">a disk drive that uses laser light or electromagnetic waves within or near the visible light spectrum as part of the process of reading or writing data to or from optical discs (Julie)</span></li> | |
<li>the drive on your computer that you put CD’s into (Ian)</li> | |
<li>A drive that uses lasers to see and read data on disks. (Damion)</li> | |
<li>An equipment that can read optical discs through a laser. (Debby)</li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<h5>Power Supply</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>A device that supplies electric power to an electric system. (Sean)</li> | |
<li>In charge of the main power source for computers. (Damion)</li> | |
<li>The source where the computer obtains energy to run. (Robert)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<h5>Processor Speed (a.k.a. Clock Rate)</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>The frequency of the rate of CPU running. The higher the Clock rate the faster the CPU can process information. (Eddie)</li> | |
<li>The speed at which a microprocessor executes instructions. (Julie)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>RAM (Random Access Memory)</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li><span style="background-color: #ffcc00;">The memory storage for processors and memory is lost when powered down(faster to read and write). (Jeremy)</span></li> | |
<li>The amount of memory that is available in a computer for a user that is only temporary. (Debby)</li> | |
<li><span style="background-color: #ffcc00;">a type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly; any byte of memory can be accessed without touching the preceding bytes (Julie)</span></li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>ROM (Read-Only Memory)</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>the storage that can permanently store data and memory is not lost when powered down. (Jeremy)</li> | |
<li>The read-only memory of a computer that is fixed and cannot be altered. (Debby)</li> | |
<li>computer memory on which data has been prerecorded; once data has been written onto a ROM chip, it cannot be removed and can only be read (retains its contentswhen the computer is turned off) (Julie)</li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<div style="background: #ffd;"> | |
<h5>Software</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>a collection of computer programs. (Sean)</li> | |
<li>computer instructions or data that can be stored electronically (Julie)</li> | |
<li><span style="background-color: #ffcc00;">computer instructions or data to tell computer how and what to do (Jeremy)</span></li> | |
<li>a collection of various computer programs (Ian)</li> | |
<li>Programs and information used to complete tasks on acomputer. (Damion)</li> | |
<li>These are the programs and procedures for a computer system. (Justin)</li> | |
<li>A program that sends instructions to control the operations that a computer performs. (Debby)</li> | |
<li>A program that can be run through the computer and downloaded (Robert)</li> | |
<li><span>a program that allows computer to do things (Eddie)</span></li> | |
</ul> | |
</div> | |
<h5>Video Card (a.k.a. Graphics Board)</h5> | |
<ul> | |
<li>An expansion card that generates a feed of images to an output. (Sean)</li> | |
<li>Converts commands into visual representations. (Eddie)</li> | |
<li>A board that is control of what is shown on a screen. (Damion)</li> | |
<li>A chip that provides the graphics and pictures on the monitor. (Robert)</li> | |
</ul> | |
<h3>Metric Prefixes (Robert)</h3> | |
<ul> | |
<li>Kilo:1 times 1000</li> | |
<li>Mega: 1 times 1000 times 1000</li> | |
<li>Giga:1 times 1000 times 1000 times 1000</li> | |
</ul> |
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