PrettyTable makes it easy to display data in a nice and neat but non-graphical format that you can use in command line programs, automatically generated emails, etc.

prettytable.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright (c) 2009, Luke Maurits <[email protected]>
# All rights reserved.
# With contributions from:
#  * Chris Clark
#  * Klein Stephane
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
#
# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
#   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
#   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
#   and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
# * The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
#   derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
# LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
# CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
# SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
# CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
# ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

__version__ = "TRUNK"

import copy
import csv
import random
import sys
import textwrap
import itertools
import unicodedata

py3k = sys.version_info[0] >= 3
if py3k:
    unicode = str
    basestring = str
    itermap = map
    iterzip = zip
    uni_chr = chr
else: 
    itermap = itertools.imap
    iterzip = itertools.izip
    uni_chr = unichr

if py3k and sys.version_info[1] >= 2:
    from html import escape
else:
    from cgi import escape

# hrule styles
FRAME = 0
ALL   = 1
NONE  = 2

# Table styles
DEFAULT = 10
MSWORD_FRIENDLY = 11
PLAIN_COLUMNS = 12
RANDOM = 20

def _get_size(text):
    lines = text.split("\n")
    height = len(lines)
    width = max([_str_block_width(line) for line in lines])
    return (width, height)
        
class PrettyTable(object):

    def __init__(self, field_names=None, **kwargs):

        """Return a new PrettyTable instance
        Arguments:
        encoding - Unicode encoding scheme used to decode any encoded input
        field_names - list or tuple of field names
        fields - list or tuple of field names to include in displays
        start - index of first data row to include in output
        end - index of last data row to include in output PLUS ONE (list slice style)
        fields - names of fields (columns) to include
        header - print a header showing field names (True or False)
        header_style - stylisation to apply to field names in header ("cap", "title", "upper", "lower" or None)
        border - print a border around the table (True or False)
        hrules - controls printing of horizontal rules after rows.  Allowed values: FRAME, ALL, NONE
	int_format - controls formatting of integer data
	float_format - controls formatting of floating point data
        padding_width - number of spaces on either side of column data (only used if left and right paddings are None)
        left_padding_width - number of spaces on left hand side of column data
        right_padding_width - number of spaces on right hand side of column data
        vertical_char - single character string used to draw vertical lines
        horizontal_char - single character string used to draw horizontal lines
        junction_char - single character string used to draw line junctions
        sortby - name of field to sort rows by
        sort_key - sorting key function, applied to data points before sorting
        reversesort - True or False to sort in descending or ascending order"""

        if "encoding" in kwargs:
            self.encoding = kwargs["encoding"]
        else:
            self.encoding = "UTF-8"

        # Data
        self._field_names = []
        self._align = {}
        self._max_width = {}
        self._rows = []
        if field_names:
            self.field_names = field_names
        else:
            self._widths = []
        self._rows = []

        # Options
        self._options = "start end fields header border sortby reversesort sort_key attributes format hrules".split()
        self._options.extend("int_format float_format padding_width left_padding_width right_padding_width".split())
        self._options.extend("vertical_char horizontal_char junction_char header_style".split())
        for option in self._options:
            if option in kwargs:
                self._validate_option(option, kwargs[option])
            else:
                kwargs[option] = None


        self._start = kwargs["start"] or 0
        self._end = kwargs["end"] or None
        self._fields = kwargs["fields"] or None

        self._header = kwargs["header"] or True
        self._header_style = kwargs["header_style"] or None
        self._border = kwargs["border"] or True
        self._hrules = kwargs["hrules"] or FRAME

        self._sortby = kwargs["sortby"] or None
        self._reversesort = kwargs["reversesort"] or False
        self._sort_key = kwargs["sort_key"] or (lambda x: x)

        self._int_format = kwargs["int_format"] or {}
        self._float_format = kwargs["float_format"] or {}
        self._padding_width = kwargs["padding_width"] or 1
        self._left_padding_width = kwargs["left_padding_width"] or None
        self._right_padding_width = kwargs["right_padding_width"] or None

        self._vertical_char = kwargs["vertical_char"] or self._unicode("|")
        self._horizontal_char = kwargs["horizontal_char"] or self._unicode("-")
        self._junction_char = kwargs["junction_char"] or self._unicode("+")
        
        self._format = kwargs["format"] or False
        self._attributes = kwargs["attributes"] or {}
   
    def _unicode(self, value):
        if not isinstance(value, basestring):
            value = str(value)
        if not isinstance(value, unicode):
            value = unicode(value, self.encoding, "strict")
        return value

    def _justify(self, text, width, align):
        excess = width - _str_block_width(text)
        if align == "l":
            return text + excess * " "
        elif align == "r":
            return excess * " " + text
        else:
            if excess % 2:
                # Uneven padding
                # Put more space on right if text is of odd length...
                if _str_block_width(text) % 2:
                    return (excess//2)*" " + text + (excess//2 + 1)*" "
                # and more space on left if text is of even length
                else:
                    return (excess//2 + 1)*" " + text + (excess//2)*" "
                # Why distribute extra space this way?  To match the behaviour of
                # the inbuilt str.center() method.
            else:
                # Equal padding on either side
                return (excess//2)*" " + text + (excess//2)*" "

    def __getattr__(self, name):

        if name == "rowcount":
            return len(self._rows)
        elif name == "colcount":
            if self._field_names:
                return len(self._field_names)
            elif self._rows:
                return len(self._rows[0])
            else:
                return 0
        else:
            raise AttributeError(name)
 
    def __getitem__(self, index):

        newtable = copy.deepcopy(self)
        if isinstance(index, slice):
            newtable._rows = self._rows[index]
        elif isinstance(index, int):
            newtable._rows = [self._rows[index],]
        else:
            raise Exception("Index %s is invalid, must be an integer or slice" % str(index))
        return newtable

    if py3k:
        def __str__(self):
           return self.__unicode__()
    else:
        def __str__(self):
           return self.__unicode__().encode(self.encoding)

    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.get_string()

    ##############################
    # ATTRIBUTE VALIDATORS       #
    ##############################

    # The method _validate_option is all that should be used elsewhere in the code base to validate options.
    # It will call the appropriate validation method for that option.  The individual validation methods should
    # never need to be called directly (although nothing bad will happen if they *are*).
    # Validation happens in TWO places.
    # Firstly, in the property setters defined in the ATTRIBUTE MANAGMENT section.
    # Secondly, in the _get_options method, where keyword arguments are mixed with persistent settings

    def _validate_option(self, option, val):
        if option in ("field_names"):
            self._validate_field_names(val)
        elif option in ("start", "end", "max_width", "padding_width", "left_padding_width", "right_padding_width", "format"):
            self._validate_nonnegative_int(option, val)
        elif option in ("sortby"):
            self._validate_field_name(option, val)
        elif option in ("sort_key"):
            self._validate_function(option, val)
        elif option in ("hrules"):
            self._validate_hrules(option, val)
        elif option in ("fields"):
            self._validate_all_field_names(option, val)
        elif option in ("header", "border", "reversesort"):
            self._validate_true_or_false(option, val)
        elif option in ("header_style"):
            self._validate_header_style(val)
#        elif option in ("int_format"):
#            self._validate_int_format(option, val)
#        elif option in ("float_format"):
#            self._validate_float_format(option, val)
        elif option in ("vertical_char", "horizontal_char", "junction_char"):
            self._validate_single_char(option, val)
        elif option in ("attributes"):
            self._validate_attributes(option, val)
        else:
            raise Exception("Unrecognised option: %s!" % option)

    def _validate_field_names(self, val):
        # Check for appropriate length
        if self._field_names:
            try:
               assert len(val) == len(self._field_names)
            except AssertionError:
               raise Exception("Field name list has incorrect number of values, (actual) %d!=%d (expected)" % (len(val), len(self._field_names)))
        if self._rows:
            try:
               assert len(val) == len(self._rows[0])
            except AssertionError:
               raise Exception("Field name list has incorrect number of values, (actual) %d!=%d (expected)" % (len(val), len(self._rows[0])))
        # Check for uniqueness
        try:
            assert len(val) == len(set(val))
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Field names must be unique!")

    def _validate_header_style(self, val):
        try:
            assert val in ("cap", "title", "upper", "lower", None)
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Invalid header style, use cap, title, upper, lower or None!")

    def _validate_align(self, val):
        try:
            assert val in ["l","c","r"]
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Alignment %s is invalid, use l, c or r!" % val)

    def _validate_nonnegative_int(self, name, val):
        try:
            assert int(val) >= 0
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Invalid value for %s: %s!" % (name, self._unicode(val)))

    def _validate_true_or_false(self, name, val):
        try:
            assert val in (True, False)
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Invalid value for %s!  Must be True or False." % name)

    def _validate_int_format(self, name, val):
        if val == "":
            return
        try:
            assert type(val) in (str, unicode)
            assert val.isdigit()
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Invalid value for %s!  Must be an integer format string." % name)

    def _validate_float_format(self, name, val):
        if val == "":
            return
        try:
            assert type(val) in (str, unicode)
            assert "." in val
            bits = val.split(".")
            assert len(bits) <= 2
            assert bits[0] == "" or bits[0].isdigit()
            assert bits[1] == "" or bits[1].isdigit()
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Invalid value for %s!  Must be a float format string." % name)

    def _validate_function(self, name, val):
        try:
            assert hasattr(val, "__call__")
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Invalid value for %s!  Must be a function." % name)

    def _validate_hrules(self, name, val):
        try:
            assert val in (ALL, FRAME, NONE)
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Invalid value for %s!  Must be ALL, FRAME or NONE." % name)

    def _validate_field_name(self, name, val):
        try:
            assert val in self._field_names
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Invalid field name: %s!" % val)

    def _validate_all_field_names(self, name, val):
        try:
            for x in val:
                self._validate_field_name(name, x)
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("fields must be a sequence of field names!")

    def _validate_single_char(self, name, val):
        try:
            assert _str_block_width(val) == 1
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("Invalid value for %s!  Must be a string of length 1." % name)

    def _validate_attributes(self, name, val):
        try:
            assert isinstance(val, dict)
        except AssertionError:
            raise Exception("attributes must be a dictionary of name/value pairs!")

    ##############################
    # ATTRIBUTE MANAGEMENT       #
    ##############################

    def _get_field_names(self):
        return self._field_names
        """The names of the fields
        Arguments:
        fields - list or tuple of field names"""
    def _set_field_names(self, val):
        val = [self._unicode(x) for x in val]
        self._validate_option("field_names", val)
        if self._field_names:
            old_names = self._field_names[:]
        self._field_names = val
        if self._align and old_names:
            for old_name, new_name in zip(old_names, val):
                self._align[new_name] = self._align[old_name]
            for old_name in old_names:
                self._align.pop(old_name)
        else:
            for field in self._field_names:
                self._align[field] = "c"
    field_names = property(_get_field_names, _set_field_names)

    def _get_align(self):
        return self._align
    def _set_align(self, val):
        self._validate_align(val)
        for field in self._field_names:
            self._align[field] = val
    align = property(_get_align, _set_align)

    def _get_max_width(self):
        return self._max_width
    def _set_max_width(self, val):
        self._validate_option("max_width", val)
        for field in self._field_names:
            self._max_width[field] = val
    max_width = property(_get_max_width, _set_max_width)
    
    def _get_start(self):
        """Start index of the range of rows to print
        Arguments:
        start - index of first data row to include in output"""
        return self._start

    def _set_start(self, val):
        self._validate_option("start", val)
        self._start = val
    start = property(_get_start, _set_start)

    def _get_end(self):
        """End index of the range of rows to print
        Arguments:
        end - index of last data row to include in output PLUS ONE (list slice style)"""
        return self._end
    def _set_end(self, val):
        self._validate_option("end", val)
        self._end = val
    end = property(_get_end, _set_end)

    def _get_sortby(self):
        """Name of field by which to sort rows
        Arguments:
        sortby - field name to sort by"""
        return self._sortby
    def _set_sortby(self, val):
        self._validate_option("sortby", val)
        self._sortby = val
    sortby = property(_get_sortby, _set_sortby)

    def _get_reversesort(self):
        """Controls direction of sorting (ascending vs descending)
        Arguments:
        reveresort - set to True to sort by descending order, or False to sort by ascending order"""
        return self._reversesort
    def _set_reversesort(self, val):
        self._validate_option("reversesort", val)
        self._reversesort = val
    reversesort = property(_get_reversesort, _set_reversesort)

    def _get_sort_key(self):
        """Sorting key function, applied to data points before sorting
        Arguments:
        sort_key - a function which takes one argument and returns something to be sorted"""
        return self._sort_key
    def _set_sort_key(self, val):
        self._validate_option("sort_key", val)
        self._sort_key = val
    sort_key = property(_get_sort_key, _set_sort_key)
 
    def _get_header(self):
        """Controls printing of table header with field names
        Arguments:
        header - print a header showing field names (True or False)"""
        return self._header
    def _set_header(self, val):
        self._validate_option("header", val)
        self._header = val
    header = property(_get_header, _set_header)

    def _get_header_style(self):
        """Controls stylisation applied to field names in header
        Arguments:
        header_style - stylisation to apply to field names in header ("cap", "title", "upper", "lower" or None)"""
        return self._header_style
    def _set_header_style(self, val):
        self._validate_header_style(val)
        self._header_style = val
    header_style = property(_get_header_style, _set_header_style)

    def _get_border(self):
        """Controls printing of border around table
        Arguments:
        border - print a border around the table (True or False)"""
        return self._border
    def _set_border(self, val):
        self._validate_option("border", val)
        self._border = val
    border = property(_get_border, _set_border)

    def _get_hrules(self):
        """Controls printing of horizontal rules after rows
        Arguments:
        hrules - horizontal rules style.  Allowed values: FRAME, ALL, NONE"""
        return self._hrules
    def _set_hrules(self, val):
        self._validate_option("hrules", val)
        self._hrules = val
    hrules = property(_get_hrules, _set_hrules)

    def _get_int_format(self):
        """Controls formatting of integer data
        Arguments:
        int_format - integer format string"""
        return self._int_format
    def _set_int_format(self, val):
#        self._validate_option("int_format", val)
        for field in self._field_names:
            self._int_format[field] = val
    int_format = property(_get_int_format, _set_int_format)

    def _get_float_format(self):
        """Controls formatting of floating point data
        Arguments:
        float_format - floating point format string"""
        return self._float_format
    def _set_float_format(self, val):
#        self._validate_option("float_format", val)
        for field in self._field_names:
            self._float_format[field] = val
    float_format = property(_get_float_format, _set_float_format)

    def _get_padding_width(self):
        """The number of empty spaces between a column's edge and its content
        Arguments:
        padding_width - number of spaces, must be a positive integer"""
        return self._padding_width
    def _set_padding_width(self, val):
        self._validate_option("padding_width", val)
        self._padding_width = val
    padding_width = property(_get_padding_width, _set_padding_width)

    def _get_left_padding_width(self):
        """The number of empty spaces between a column's left edge and its content
        Arguments:
        left_padding - number of spaces, must be a positive integer"""
        return self._left_padding_width
    def _set_left_padding_width(self, val):
        self._validate_option("left_padding_width", val)
        self._left_padding_width = val
    left_padding_width = property(_get_left_padding_width, _set_left_padding_width)

    def _get_right_padding_width(self):
        """The number of empty spaces between a column's right edge and its content
        Arguments:
        right_padding - number of spaces, must be a positive integer"""
        return self._right_padding_width
    def _set_right_padding_width(self, val):
        self._validate_option("right_padding_width", val)
        self._right_padding_width = val
    right_padding_width = property(_get_right_padding_width, _set_right_padding_width)

    def _get_vertical_char(self):
        """The charcter used when printing table borders to draw vertical lines
        Arguments:
        vertical_char - single character string used to draw vertical lines"""
        return self._vertical_char
    def _set_vertical_char(self, val):
        val = self._unicode(val)
        self._validate_option("vertical_char", val)
        self._vertical_char = val
    vertical_char = property(_get_vertical_char, _set_vertical_char)

    def _get_horizontal_char(self):
        """The charcter used when printing table borders to draw horizontal lines
        Arguments:
        horizontal_char - single character string used to draw horizontal lines"""
        return self._horizontal_char
    def _set_horizontal_char(self, val):
        val = self._unicode(val)
        self._validate_option("horizontal_char", val)
        self._horizontal_char = val
    horizontal_char = property(_get_horizontal_char, _set_horizontal_char)

    def _get_junction_char(self):
        """The charcter used when printing table borders to draw line junctions
        Arguments:
        junction_char - single character string used to draw line junctions"""
        return self._junction_char
    def _set_junction_char(self, val):
        val = self._unicode(val)
        self._validate_option("vertical_char", val)
        self._junction_char = val
    junction_char = property(_get_junction_char, _set_junction_char)

    def _get_format(self):
        """Controls whether or not HTML tables are formatted to match styling options
        Arguments:
        format - True or False"""
        return self._format
    def _set_format(self, val):
        self._validate_option("format", val)
        self._format = val
    format = property(_get_format, _set_format)

    def _get_attributes(self):
        """A dictionary of HTML attribute name/value pairs to be included in the <table> tag when printing HTML
        Arguments:
        attributes - dictionary of attributes"""
        return self._attributes
    def _set_attributes(self, val):
        self._validate_option("attributes", val)
        self._attributes = val
    attributes = property(_get_attributes, _set_attributes)

    ##############################
    # OPTION MIXER               #
    ##############################

    def _get_options(self, kwargs):

        options = {}
        for option in self._options:
            if option in kwargs:
                self._validate_option(option, kwargs[option])
                options[option] = kwargs[option]
            else:
                options[option] = getattr(self, "_"+option)
        return options

    ##############################
    # PRESET STYLE LOGIC         #
    ##############################

    def set_style(self, style):

        if style == DEFAULT:
            self._set_default_style()
        elif style == MSWORD_FRIENDLY:
            self._set_msword_style()
        elif style == PLAIN_COLUMNS:
            self._set_columns_style()
        elif style == RANDOM:
            self._set_random_style()
        else:
            raise Exception("Invalid pre-set style!")

    def _set_default_style(self):

        self.header = True
        self.border = True
        self._hrules = FRAME
        self.padding_width = 1
        self.left_padding_width = 1
        self.right_padding_width = 1
        self.vertical_char = "|"
        self.horizontal_char = "-"
        self.junction_char = "+"

    def _set_msword_style(self):

        self.header = True
        self.border = True
        self._hrules = NONE
        self.padding_width = 1
        self.left_padding_width = 1
        self.right_padding_width = 1
        self.vertical_char = "|"

    def _set_columns_style(self):

        self.header = True
        self.border = False
        self.padding_width = 1
        self.left_padding_width = 0
        self.right_padding_width = 8

    def _set_random_style(self):

        # Just for fun!
        self.header = random.choice((True, False))
        self.border = random.choice((True, False))
        self._hrules = random.choice((ALL, FRAME, NONE))
        self.left_padding_width = random.randint(0,5)
        self.right_padding_width = random.randint(0,5)
        self.vertical_char = random.choice("~!@#$%^&*()_+|-=\{}[];':\",./;<>?")
        self.horizontal_char = random.choice("~!@#$%^&*()_+|-=\{}[];':\",./;<>?")
        self.junction_char = random.choice("~!@#$%^&*()_+|-=\{}[];':\",./;<>?")

    ##############################
    # DATA INPUT METHODS         #
    ##############################

    def add_row(self, row):

        """Add a row to the table
        Arguments:
        row - row of data, should be a list with as many elements as the table
        has fields"""

        if self._field_names and len(row) != len(self._field_names):
            raise Exception("Row has incorrect number of values, (actual) %d!=%d (expected)" %(len(row),len(self._field_names)))
        if not self._field_names:
            self.field_names = [("Field %d" % (n+1)) for n in range(0,len(row))]
        self._rows.append(list(row))

    def del_row(self, row_index):

        """Delete a row to the table
        Arguments:
        row_index - The index of the row you want to delete.  Indexing starts at 0."""

        if row_index > len(self._rows)-1:
            raise Exception("Cant delete row at index %d, table only has %d rows!" % (row_index, len(self._rows)))
        del self._rows[row_index]

    def add_column(self, fieldname, column, align="c"):

        """Add a column to the table.
        Arguments:
        fieldname - name of the field to contain the new column of data
        column - column of data, should be a list with as many elements as the
        table has rows
        align - desired alignment for this column - "l" for left, "c" for centre and "r" for right"""

        if len(self._rows) in (0, len(column)):
            self._validate_align(align)
            self._field_names.append(fieldname)
            self._align[fieldname] = align
            for i in range(0, len(column)):
                if len(self._rows) < i+1:
                    self._rows.append([])
                self._rows[i].append(column[i])
        else:
            raise Exception("Column length %d does not match number of rows %d!" % (len(column), len(self._rows)))

    def clear_rows(self):

        """Delete all rows from the table but keep the current field names"""

        self._rows = []

    def clear(self):

        """Delete all rows and field names from the table, maintaining nothing but styling options"""

        self._rows = []
        self._field_names = []
        self._widths = []

    ##############################
    # MISC PUBLIC METHODS        #
    ##############################

    def copy(self):
        return copy.deepcopy(self)

    ##############################
    # MISC PRIVATE METHODS       #
    ##############################

    def _format_value(self, field, value):
        if isinstance(value, int) and field in self._int_format:
            value = self._unicode(("{0:" + self._int_format[field] + "}").format(value))
        elif isinstance(value, float) and field in self._float_format:
            value = self._unicode(("{0:" + self._float_format[field] + "}").format(value))
        return self._unicode(value)

    def _compute_widths(self, rows, options):
        if options["header"]:
            widths = [_get_size(field)[0] for field in self._field_names]
        else:
            widths = len(self.field_names) * [0]
        for row in rows:
            for index, value in enumerate(row):
                fieldname = self.field_names[index]
                if fieldname in self.max_width:
                    widths[index] = max(widths[index], min(_get_size(value)[0], self.max_width[fieldname]))
                else:
                    widths[index] = max(widths[index], _get_size(value)[0])
        self._widths = widths

    def _get_padding_widths(self, options):

        if options["left_padding_width"] is not None:
            lpad = options["left_padding_width"]
        else:
            lpad = options["padding_width"]
        if options["right_padding_width"] is not None:
            rpad = options["right_padding_width"]
        else:
            rpad = options["padding_width"]
        return lpad, rpad

    def _get_rows(self, options):
        """Return only those data rows that should be printed, based on slicing and sorting.
        Arguments:
        options - dictionary of option settings."""
       
	# Make a copy of only those rows in the slice range 
        rows = copy.deepcopy(self._rows[options["start"]:options["end"]])
        # Sort if necessary
        if options["sortby"]:
            sortindex = self._field_names.index(options["sortby"])
            # Decorate
            rows = [[row[sortindex]]+row for row in rows]
            # Sort
            rows.sort(reverse=options["reversesort"], key=options["sort_key"])
            # Undecorate
            rows = [row[1:] for row in rows]
        return rows
        
    def _format_row(self, row, options):
        return [self._format_value(field, value) for (field, value) in zip(self._field_names, row)]

    def _format_rows(self, rows, options):
        return [self._format_row(row, options) for row in rows]
 
    ##############################
    # PLAIN TEXT STRING METHODS  #
    ##############################

    def get_string(self, **kwargs):

        """Return string representation of table in current state.
        Arguments:
        start - index of first data row to include in output
        end - index of last data row to include in output PLUS ONE (list slice style)
        fields - names of fields (columns) to include
        header - print a header showing field names (True or False)
        border - print a border around the table (True or False)
        hrules - controls printing of horizontal rules after rows.  Allowed values: FRAME, ALL, NONE
	int_format - controls formatting of integer data
	float_format - controls formatting of floating point data
        padding_width - number of spaces on either side of column data (only used if left and right paddings are None)
        left_padding_width - number of spaces on left hand side of column data
        right_padding_width - number of spaces on right hand side of column data
        vertical_char - single character string used to draw vertical lines
        horizontal_char - single character string used to draw horizontal lines
        junction_char - single character string used to draw line junctions
        sortby - name of field to sort rows by
        sort_key - sorting key function, applied to data points before sorting
        reversesort - True or False to sort in descending or ascending order"""

        options = self._get_options(kwargs)

        lines = []

        # Don't think too hard about an empty table
        # Is this the desired behaviour?  Maybe we should still print the header?
        if self.rowcount == 0:
            return ""

	# Get the rows we need to print, taking into account slicing, sorting, etc.
        rows = self._get_rows(options)

	# Turn all data in all rows into Unicode, formatted as desired
        formatted_rows = self._format_rows(rows, options)

	# Compute column widths
        self._compute_widths(formatted_rows, options)

        # Add header or top of border
        self._hrule = self._stringify_hrule(options)
        if options["header"]:
            lines.append(self._stringify_header(options))
        elif options["border"] and options["hrules"] != NONE:
            lines.append(self._hrule)

        # Add rows
        for row in formatted_rows:
            lines.append(self._stringify_row(row, options))

        # Add bottom of border
        if options["border"] and not options["hrules"]:
            lines.append(self._hrule)
        
        return self._unicode("\n").join(lines)

    def _stringify_hrule(self, options):

        if not options["border"]:
            return ""
        lpad, rpad = self._get_padding_widths(options)
        bits = [options["junction_char"]]
        for field, width in zip(self._field_names, self._widths):
            if options["fields"] and field not in options["fields"]:
                continue
            bits.append((width+lpad+rpad)*options["horizontal_char"])
            bits.append(options["junction_char"])
        return "".join(bits)

    def _stringify_header(self, options):

        bits = []
        lpad, rpad = self._get_padding_widths(options)
        if options["border"]:
            if options["hrules"] != NONE:
                bits.append(self._hrule)
                bits.append("\n")
            bits.append(options["vertical_char"])
        for field, width, in zip(self._field_names, self._widths):
            if options["fields"] and field not in options["fields"]:
                continue
            if self._header_style == "cap":
                fieldname = field.capitalize()
            elif self._header_style == "title":
                fieldname = field.title()
            elif self._header_style == "upper":
                fieldname = field.upper()
            elif self._header_style == "lower":
                fieldname = field.lower()
            else:
                fieldname = field
            bits.append(" " * lpad + self._justify(fieldname, width, self._align[field]) + " " * rpad)
            if options["border"]:
                bits.append(options["vertical_char"])
        if options["border"] and options["hrules"] != NONE:
            bits.append("\n")
            bits.append(self._hrule)
        return "".join(bits)

    def _stringify_row(self, row, options):
       
        for index, field, value, width, in zip(range(0,len(row)), self._field_names, row, self._widths):
            # Enforce max widths
            lines = value.split("\n")
            new_lines = []
            for line in lines: 
                if _str_block_width(line) > width:
                    line = textwrap.fill(line, width)
                new_lines.append(line)
            lines = new_lines
            value = "\n".join(lines)
            row[index] = value

        row_height = 0
        for c in row:
            h = _get_size(c)[1]
            if h > row_height:
                row_height = h

        bits = []
        lpad, rpad = self._get_padding_widths(options)
        for y in range(0, row_height):
            bits.append([])
            if options["border"]:
                bits[y].append(self.vertical_char)

        for field, value, width, in zip(self._field_names, row, self._widths):

            lines = value.split("\n")
            if len(lines) < row_height:
                lines = lines + ([""] * (row_height-len(lines)))

            y = 0
            for l in lines:
                if options["fields"] and field not in options["fields"]:
                    continue

                bits[y].append(" " * lpad + self._justify(l, width, self._align[field]) + " " * rpad)
                if options["border"]:
                    bits[y].append(self.vertical_char)

                y += 1

        
        if options["border"] and options["hrules"]== ALL:
            bits[row_height-1].append("\n")
            bits[row_height-1].append(self._hrule)

        for y in range(0, row_height):
            bits[y] = "".join(bits[y])

        return "\n".join(bits)

    ##############################
    # HTML STRING METHODS        #
    ##############################

    def get_html_string(self, **kwargs):

        """Return string representation of HTML formatted version of table in current state.
        Arguments:
        start - index of first data row to include in output
        end - index of last data row to include in output PLUS ONE (list slice style)
        fields - names of fields (columns) to include
        header - print a header showing field names (True or False)
        border - print a border around the table (True or False)
        hrules - controls printing of horizontal rules after rows.  Allowed values: FRAME, ALL, NONE
	int_format - controls formatting of integer data
	float_format - controls formatting of floating point data
        padding_width - number of spaces on either side of column data (only used if left and right paddings are None)
        left_padding_width - number of spaces on left hand side of column data
        right_padding_width - number of spaces on right hand side of column data
        sortby - name of field to sort rows by
        sort_key - sorting key function, applied to data points before sorting
        attributes - dictionary of name/value pairs to include as HTML attributes in the <table> tag"""

        options = self._get_options(kwargs)

        if options["format"]:
            string = self._get_formatted_html_string(options)
        else:
            string = self._get_simple_html_string(options)

        return string

    def _get_simple_html_string(self, options):

        lines = []

        open_tag = []
        open_tag.append("<table")
        if options["border"]:
            open_tag.append(" border=\"1\"")
        if options["attributes"]:
            for attr_name in options["attributes"]:
                open_tag.append(" %s=\"%s\"" % (attr_name, options["attributes"][attr_name]))
        open_tag.append(">")
        lines.append("".join(open_tag))

        # Headers
        if options["header"]:
            lines.append("    <tr>")
            for field in self._field_names:
                if options["fields"] and field not in options["fields"]:
                    continue
                lines.append("        <th>%s</th>" % escape(field).replace("\n", "<br />"))
            lines.append("    </tr>")

        # Data
        rows = self._get_rows(options)
        formatted_rows = self._format_rows(rows, options)
        for row in formatted_rows:
            lines.append("    <tr>")
            for field, datum in zip(self._field_names, row):
                if options["fields"] and field not in options["fields"]:
                    continue
                lines.append("        <td>%s</td>" % escape(datum).replace("\n", "<br />"))
            lines.append("    </tr>")

        lines.append("</table>")

        return self._unicode("\n").join(lines)

    def _get_formatted_html_string(self, options):

        lines = []
        lpad, rpad = self._get_padding_widths(options)

        open_tag = []
        open_tag.append("<table")
        if options["border"]:
            open_tag.append(" border=\"1\"")
        if options["hrules"] == NONE:
            open_tag.append(" frame=\"vsides\" rules=\"cols\"")
        if options["attributes"]:
            for attr_name in options["attributes"]:
                open_tag.append(" %s=\"%s\"" % (attr_name, options["attributes"][attr_name]))
        open_tag.append(">")
        lines.append("".join(open_tag))

        # Headers
        if options["header"]:
            lines.append("    <tr>")
            for field in self._field_names:
                if options["fields"] and field not in options["fields"]:
                    continue
                lines.append("        <th style=\"padding-left: %dem; padding-right: %dem; text-align: center\">%s</th>" % (lpad, rpad, escape(field).replace("\n", "<br />")))
            lines.append("    </tr>")

        # Data
        rows = self._get_rows(options)
        formatted_rows = self._format_rows(rows, options)
        aligns = []
        for field in self._field_names:
                aligns.append({ "l" : "left", "r" : "right", "c" : "center" }[self._align[field]])
        for row in formatted_rows:
            lines.append("    <tr>")
            for field, datum, align in zip(self._field_names, row, aligns):
                if options["fields"] and field not in options["fields"]:
                    continue
                lines.append("        <td style=\"padding-left: %dem; padding-right: %dem; text-align: %s\">%s</td>" % (lpad, rpad, align, escape(datum).replace("\n", "<br />")))
            lines.append("    </tr>")
        lines.append("</table>")

        return self._unicode("\n").join(lines)

##############################
# UNICODE WIDTH FUNCTIONS    #
##############################

def _char_block_width(char):
    # Basic Latin, which is probably the most common case
    #if char in xrange(0x0021, 0x007e):
    #if char >= 0x0021 and char <= 0x007e:
    if 0x0021 <= char <= 0x007e:
        return 1
    # Chinese, Japanese, Korean (common)
    if 0x4e00 <= char <= 0x9fff:
        return 2
    # Hangul
    if 0xac00 <= char <= 0xd7af:
        return 2
    # Combining?
    if unicodedata.combining(uni_chr(char)):
        return 0
    # Hiragana and Katakana
    if 0x3040 <= char <= 0x309f or 0x30a0 <= char <= 0x30ff:
        return 2
    # Full-width Latin characters
    if 0xff01 <= char <= 0xff60:
        return 2
    # CJK punctuation
    if 0x3000 <= char <= 0x303e:
        return 2
    # Backspace and delete
    if char in (0x0008, 0x007f):
        return -1
    # Other control characters
    elif char in (0x0000, 0x001f):
        return 0
    # Take a guess
    return 1

def _str_block_width(val):

    return sum(itermap(_char_block_width, itermap(ord, val)))

##############################
# TABLE FACTORIES            #
##############################

def from_csv(fp, field_names = None):

    dialect = csv.Sniffer().sniff(fp.read(1024))
    fp.seek(0)
    reader = csv.reader(fp, dialect)

    table = PrettyTable()
    if field_names:
        table.field_names = field_names
    else:
        table.field_names = [x.strip() for x in next(reader)]

    for row in reader:
        table.add_row([x.strip() for x in row])

    return table

def from_db_cursor(cursor):

    table = PrettyTable()
    table.field_names = [col[0] for col in cursor.description]
    for row in cursor.fetchall():
        table.add_row(row)
    return table

##############################
# MAIN (TEST FUNCTION)       #
##############################

def main():

    x = PrettyTable(["City name", "Area", "Population", "Annual Rainfall"])
    x.sortby = "Population"
    x.reversesort = True
    x.int_format["Area"] = "04d"
    x.float_format = "6.1f"
    x.align["City name"] = "l" # Left align city names
    x.add_row(["Adelaide", 1295, 1158259, 600.5])
    x.add_row(["Brisbane", 5905, 1857594, 1146.4])
    x.add_row(["Darwin", 112, 120900, 1714.7])
    x.add_row(["Hobart", 1357, 205556, 619.5])
    x.add_row(["Sydney", 2058, 4336374, 1214.8])
    x.add_row(["Melbourne", 1566, 3806092, 646.9])
    x.add_row(["Perth", 5386, 1554769, 869.4])
    print(x)
    
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()