Find a geolocation of an IP address in BigQuery

01.README.md

This query is to find geolocation of an IP address including latitude, longitude, city and country.

Legacy SQL doesn't support range conditions such as BETWEEN when using JOIN, so we need to filter data by WHERE. This means if IP address does not match any of the data inside geolite_city_bq_b2b, records will not be able to receive.

Use Standard SQL if you want to receive records no matter you succeed to find geolocation or not.

Please refer to the following post for more detail.

https://cloudplatform.googleblog.com/2014/03/geoip-geolocation-with-google-bigquery.html

https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/data-analytics/geolocation-with-bigquery-de-identify-76-million-ip-addresses-in-20-seconds

02.test_data.csv

03.load data

bq mk <dataset>.log id:integer,ip:string
$ bq load --source_format=CSV <dataset>.log test_data.csv

04.find_geolocation_from_ip.sql

#standardSQL
SELECT
  id,
  IFNULL(city, 'Other') AS city,
  IFNULL(countryLabel, 'Other') AS countryLabel,
  latitude,
  longitude
FROM (
  SELECT
    id,
    NET.IPV4_TO_INT64(NET.IP_FROM_STRING(ip)) AS clientIpNum,
    TRUNC(NET.IPV4_TO_INT64(NET.IP_FROM_STRING(ip))/(256*256)) AS classB
  FROM
    `<project>.<dataset>.log` ) AS a
LEFT OUTER JOIN
  `fh-bigquery.geocode.geolite_city_bq_b2b` AS b
ON
  a.classB = b.classB
  AND a.clientIpNum BETWEEN b.startIpNum AND b.endIpNum
ORDER BY
  id ASC

05.Standard SQL result

Row    id   city          countryLabel    latitude   longitude     
1      1    Other         Other           null       null     
2      2                  Taiwan          23.5000    121.0000     
3      3    Other         Other           null       null     
4      4                  Hong Kong       22.2500    114.1667     
5      5                  Japan           35.6900    139.6900     
6      6                  Bangladesh      24.0000    90.0000     
7      7    Heiden        Germany         51.8333    6.9333     
8      8    East Lansing  United States   42.7283    -84.4882     
9      9    Buncrana      Ireland         55.1333    -7.4500     
10    10    Collegeville  United States   40.1879    -75.4254     
11    11                  Canada          60.0000    -95.0000     
12    12    Calgary       Canada          51.0833    -114.0833     
13    13    Helsinki      Finland         60.1756    24.9342     
14    14    Bellmore      United States   40.6726    -73.5364     
15    15                  Greece          39.0000    22.0000     

06.find_geolocation_from_ip_legacy.sql

#legacySQL
SELECT
  id,
  city,
  countryLabel,
  latitude,
  longitude
FROM (
  SELECT
    id,
    INTEGER(PARSE_IP(ip)) AS clientIpNum,
    INTEGER(PARSE_IP(ip)/(256*256)) AS classB
  FROM
    [<project>:<dataset>.log] ) AS a
LEFT OUTER JOIN
  [fh-bigquery:geocode.geolite_city_bq_b2b] AS b
ON
  a.classB = b.classB
WHERE
  a.clientIpNum BETWEEN b.startIpNum AND b.endIpNum
ORDER BY
  id ASC

07.Legacy SQL result

Row    id   city          countryLabel    latitude   longitude     
1      2                  Taiwan          23.5000    121.0000     
2      4                  Hong Kong       22.2500    114.1667     
3      5                  Japan           35.6900    139.6900     
4      6                  Bangladesh      24.0000    90.0000     
5      7    Heiden        Germany         51.8333    6.9333     
6      8    East Lansing  United States   42.7283    -84.4882     
7      9    Buncrana      Ireland         55.1333    -7.4500     
8     10    Collegeville  United States   40.1879    -75.4254     
9     11                  Canada          60.0000    -95.0000     
10    12    Calgary       Canada          51.0833    -114.0833     
11    13    Helsinki      Finland         60.1756    24.9342     
12    14    Bellmore      United States   40.6726    -73.5364     
13    15                  Greece          39.0000    22.0000     
14    16    Somerset      United States   40.4976    -74.4885	 
15    17                  United Kingdom  51.5000    -0.1300	 

08.find_only_country_from_ip.sql

#standardSQL
SELECT
  id,
  geoip.Country_Name AS country
FROM (
  SELECT
    id,
    NET.IPV4_TO_INT64(NET.IP_FROM_STRING(ip)) AS ip,
    TRUNC(NET.IPV4_TO_INT64(NET.IP_FROM_STRING(ip))/(256*256*256)) AS ip_class_a
  FROM
    `<project>.<dataset>.log` ) AS main
LEFT OUTER JOIN
  `fh-bigquery.geocode.geolite_country_bq` AS geoip
ON
  main.ip_class_a = geoip.classA
  AND main.ip BETWEEN geoip.From_IP_Code
  AND geoip.To_IP_Code
ORDER BY
  id

09.Standard SQL result

Row id  country
1   1   NA
2   2   Taiwan
3   3   NA
4   4   Hong Kong
5   5   Japan
6   6   Bangladesh
7   7   Germany
8   8   United States
9   9   Ireland
10  10  United States
11  11  Canada
12  12  Canada
13  13  Finland
14  14  United States
15  15  Greece

10.find_only_country_from_ip_legacy.sql

SELECT
  id,
  geoip.Country_Name AS country
FROM (
  SELECT
    id,
    INTEGER(PARSE_IP(ip)) AS ip,
    INTEGER(PARSE_IP(ip)/(256*256*256)) AS ip_class_a
  FROM
    [<project>:<dataset>.log] ) AS main
JOIN EACH [fh-bigquery:geocode.geolite_country_bq] AS geoip
ON
  main.ip_class_a = geoip.classA
WHERE
  main.ip BETWEEN geoip.From_IP_Code
  AND geoip.To_IP_Code
ORDER BY
  id

11.Legacy SQL result

Row id  country
1   1   NA
2   2   Taiwan
3   3   NA
4   4   Hong Kong
5   5   Japan
6   6   Bangladesh
7   7   Germany
8   8   United States
9   9   Ireland
10  10  United States
11  11  Canada
12  12  Canada
13  13  Finland
14  14  United States
15  15  Greece