ggplot2 R Code for Horizontal Waterfall Chart

gistfile1.txt

library(tidyverse)
library(patchwork)
library(ggtext)

# Create the data frame
df <- data.frame(
  category = c(
    "Machine sales", "Accessories sales", "Sales", 
    "Cost of sales", "Gross profit", "R&D costs", 
    "Sales costs", "Administration costs", "Net income"
  ),
  value = c(1529, 468, 1997, -1011, 986, -200, -359, -170, 257)
)

# Identify total/subtotal rows according to IBCS
subtotal_categories <- c("Sales", "Gross profit", "Net income")
df$is_total <- df$category %in% subtotal_categories

# Prepare data for waterfall - Calculate cumulative sums 
df <- df %>% 
  mutate(
    end = cumsum(value),
    start = lag(end, default = 0),
    type = case_when(
      is_total ~ "total",
      value >= 0 ~ "increase",
      value < 0 ~ "decrease"
    ),
    ypos = n():1,
    label_value = abs(value)
  )

# Define IBCS colors
ibcs_colors <- c(
  increase = "#BBBBBB",
  decrease = "#333333",
  total    = "#FFFFFF"
)
ibcs_outline_colors <- c(
  increase = NA,
  decrease = NA,
  total    = "#000000"
)

# Horizontal waterfall chart with label extensions
p1 <- ggplot(df, aes(y = ypos)) +
  geom_vline(xintercept = 0, linewidth = 0.5) +
  geom_rect(aes(
    xmin = start, xmax = end,
    ymin = ypos - 0.35, ymax = ypos + 0.35,
    fill = type, color = type
  ), linewidth = ifelse(df$is_total, 0.7, 0)) +
  geom_text(aes(
    x = end + ifelse(value >= 0, 40, -40),
    label = label_value
  ),
  hjust = ifelse(df$value >= 0, 0, 1),
  size = 3.5, color = "black", vjust = 0.5) +
  scale_y_continuous(
    breaks = df$ypos,
    labels = df$category,
    expand = expansion(add = c(0.5, 0.5))
  ) +
  scale_x_continuous(
    labels = NULL, name = NULL,
    expand = expansion(mult = c(0.1, 0.2))
  ) +
  scale_fill_manual(values = ibcs_colors, guide = "none") +
  scale_color_manual(values = ibcs_outline_colors, guide = "none") +
  coord_cartesian(clip = "off") +  # extend labels beyond plot
  theme_minimal() +
  theme(
    panel.grid = element_blank(),
    axis.text.y = element_text(size = 10, color = "black"),
    axis.text.x = element_blank(),
    axis.title = element_blank(),
    axis.ticks = element_blank(),
    plot.margin = margin(t = 10, r = 60, b = 20, l = 20)  # tighten top margin, expand right
  )

# Annotated layout with markdown subtitle and tighter spacing
combined_plot <- p1 +
  plot_annotation(
    title = "Alpha Corporation",
    subtitle = "**Income Statement** in mUSD<br>Q2 2019",
    theme = theme(
      plot.title = element_text(size = 12, hjust = 0, margin = margin(b = 2)),
      plot.subtitle = ggtext::element_markdown(size = 10, hjust = 0, lineheight = 1.05),
      plot.margin = margin(t = 5, b = 10)
    )
  )

# Display
combined_plot