bundle.js

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/******/ 	// The module cache
/******/ 	var installedModules = {};

/******/ 	// The require function
/******/ 	function __webpack_require__(moduleId) {

/******/ 		// Check if module is in cache
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/******/ 			return installedModules[moduleId].exports;

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/******/ 	__webpack_require__.c = installedModules;

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/******/ 	__webpack_require__.p = "http://localhost:8080/assets";

/******/ 	// Load entry module and return exports
/******/ 	return __webpack_require__(0);
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/************************************************************************/
/******/ ([
/* 0 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	/** @jsx React.DOM */__webpack_require__(5);
	var angular = __webpack_require__(1);
	var _ = __webpack_require__(3);

	var DAYS = _.range(1, 32).map(function(day)  {return "Oct " + day;});

	var randomMillis = function() {
	  return 0;
	  return Math.floor(Math.random() * 10000);
	}

	angular.module("myapp", []).
	directive("myCalendar", function() {
	    return {
	        restrict: 'E',
	        scope: true,
	        replace: true,
	        template:("\n          <div>\n           <button class=\"btn\" ng-hide=\"loaded\" ng-click=\"load()\">Load</button>\n           <button class=\"btn\" ng-show=\"loaded\" ng-click=\"searchAll()\">Search all month</button>\n           <table ng-if=\"loaded\">\n            <tr>\n             <th ng-repeat=\"day in days\" class=\"day-header\">\n               {{day}}\n             </th>\n            </tr>\n            <tr ng-repeat=\"hour in hours\">\n             <td ng-repeat=\"day in days\" class=\"hour-cell\">\n               <my-calendar-cell hour=\"{{hour}}\" day=\"{{day}}\"></my-calendar-cell>\n             </td>\n            </tr>\n           </table>\n         </button>\n         "
















	),
	        link: function(scope, element, attrs) {
	            scope.loaded = false;
	            scope.hours = _.range(24);
	            scope.days = DAYS;

	            scope.searchAll = function() {
	              scope.$broadcast('allSearchRequested');
	            }

	            scope.load = function() {
	              scope.loaded = true;
	            }
	        }
	    }
	}).
	directive("myCalendarCell", function() {
	  return {
	    restrict: 'E',
	    replace: true,
	    scope: true,
	    template: ("\n      <div ng-click=\"cellClicked(day, hour)\" ng-class=\"cellClass()\">\n        <div ng-if=\"showHour()\" class=\"time\">\n          {{hour}}:00\n        </div>\n        <div ng-if=\"showSpinner()\">\n          ...\n        </div>\n        <div ng-if=\"showSearchResults()\">\n          <div>{{status.searchResults.options}}</div>\n          <div class=\"result-label\">results</div>\n        </div>\n      </div>\n      "












	),
	    link: function(scope, element, attrs) {
	      scope.day = attrs.day;
	      scope.hour = attrs.hour;
	      scope.status = {};
	    },
	    controller: function($scope, $rootScope, $timeout) {
	      $scope.showSpinner = function() {
	        return $scope.status.isSearching;
	      }
	      $scope.showHour = function() {
	        return !$scope.status.isSearching && !$scope.status.searchResults;
	      }
	      $scope.showSearchResults = function() {
	        return $scope.status.searchResults;
	      }
	      $scope.cellClass = function() {
	        if ($scope.status.isSearching) {
	          return 'searching';
	        } else if ($scope.status.searchResults) {
	          if ($scope.status.searchResults.options > 3) {
	            return 'good-results'
	          } else if ($scope.status.searchResults.options > 1) {
	            return 'weak-results'
	          } else {
	            return 'bad-results'
	          }
	        }
	      }
	      $scope.cellClicked = function() {
	        delete $scope.status.searchResults;
	        $scope.status.isSearching = true;
	        // Simulate an AJAX request:
	        setTimeout(function() {
	          $scope.status.isSearching = false;
	          $scope.status.searchResults = {options: Math.floor(Math.random() * 5)};
	          $scope.$digest();
	        }, randomMillis());
	      }
	      $scope.$on('allSearchRequested', function() {
	        $scope.cellClicked();
	      });
	    }
	  }
	}).

	directive("myCalendarReact", function() {
	  return {
	    restrict: 'E',
	    scope: true,
	    template: '<div></div>',
	    link: function(scope, element, attrs) {
	      // React and Angular, living in harmony:
	      React.render(React.createElement(Calendar, null), element[0]);
	    }
	  }
	});


	/* React Components */

	var EventEmitter = __webpack_require__(2);
	var React = __webpack_require__(4);

	var Cell = React.createClass({displayName: "Cell",
	  render: function() {
	    if (this.state.isSearching) {
	      return (
	        React.createElement("td", {className: "hour-cell"}, 
	          React.createElement("div", {className: "searching"}, 
	            "..."
	          )
	        )
	      );
	    } else if (this.state.searchResults) {
	      var options = this.state.searchResults.options;
	      var classes = React.addons.classSet({
	        'good-results': options > 3,
	        'weak-results': options > 1 && options <= 3,
	        'bad-results' : options >= 0 && options <= 1
	      });
	      return (
	        React.createElement("td", {className: "hour-cell", onClick: this.clicked}, 
	          React.createElement("div", {className: classes}, 
	            React.createElement("div", null, this.state.searchResults), 
	            React.createElement("div", {className: "result-label"}, "results")
	          )
	        )
	      );
	    } else {
	      return (
	        React.createElement("td", {className: "hour-cell", onClick: this.clicked}, 
	          React.createElement("div", {className: "time"}, 
	            this.props.hour, ":00"
	          )
	        )
	      );
	    }
	  },
	  getInitialState: function() {
	    return {
	      isSearching: false,
	      searchResults: null
	    }
	  },
	  clicked: function() {
	    this.search();
	  },
	  search: function() {
	    var self = this;
	    self.setState({
	      isSearching: true,
	      searchResults: {options: null}
	    });
	    setTimeout(function() {
	      self.setState({
	        isSearching: false,
	        searchResults: {options: Math.floor(Math.random() * 5)}
	      });
	    }, randomMillis());
	  },
	  componentWillMount: function() {
	    this.props.events.on('search', function()  {return this.search();}.bind(this));
	  }
	});

	var Calendar = React.createClass({displayName: "Calendar",
	  render: function() {
	    return (
	      React.createElement("div", null, 
	        this.state.isLoaded ||
	         React.createElement("button", {className: "btn", onClick: this.load}, "Load"), 
	        this.state.isLoaded &&
	         React.createElement("button", {className: "btn", onClick: this.searchAll}, "Search all month"), 
	        this.state.isLoaded &&
	         React.createElement("table", null, 
	           React.createElement("tr", null, 
	             DAYS.map(function(day)  
	               {return React.createElement("th", {className: "day-header", onClick: this.clicked}, day);}.bind(this)
	             )
	           ), 
	           _.range(24).map(function(hour)  
	             {return React.createElement("tr", null, 
	               DAYS.map(function(day)  
	                 {return React.createElement(Cell, {hour: hour, day: day, key: day, events: this.events});}.bind(this)
	               )
	             );}.bind(this)
	           )
	         )
	        
	      )
	      )
	  },
	  componentWillMount: function() {
	    this.events = new EventEmitter();
	    this.events.setMaxListeners(0);
	  },
	  getInitialState: function() {
	    return {
	      isLoaded: false
	    }
	  },
	  load: function() {
	    this.setState({isLoaded: true});
	  },
	  searchAll: function(args) {
	    this.events.emit('search');
	  }
	});


/***/ },
/* 1 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	__webpack_require__(8);
	module.exports = angular;


/***/ },
/* 2 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	// Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors.
	//
	// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
	// copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
	// "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
	// without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
	// distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit
	// persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the
	// following conditions:
	//
	// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
	// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
	//
	// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
	// OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
	// MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN
	// NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
	// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR
	// OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE
	// USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

	function EventEmitter() {
	  this._events = this._events || {};
	  this._maxListeners = this._maxListeners || undefined;
	}
	module.exports = EventEmitter;

	// Backwards-compat with node 0.10.x
	EventEmitter.EventEmitter = EventEmitter;

	EventEmitter.prototype._events = undefined;
	EventEmitter.prototype._maxListeners = undefined;

	// By default EventEmitters will print a warning if more than 10 listeners are
	// added to it. This is a useful default which helps finding memory leaks.
	EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners = 10;

	// Obviously not all Emitters should be limited to 10. This function allows
	// that to be increased. Set to zero for unlimited.
	EventEmitter.prototype.setMaxListeners = function(n) {
	  if (!isNumber(n) || n < 0 || isNaN(n))
	    throw TypeError('n must be a positive number');
	  this._maxListeners = n;
	  return this;
	};

	EventEmitter.prototype.emit = function(type) {
	  var er, handler, len, args, i, listeners;

	  if (!this._events)
	    this._events = {};

	  // If there is no 'error' event listener then throw.
	  if (type === 'error') {
	    if (!this._events.error ||
	        (isObject(this._events.error) && !this._events.error.length)) {
	      er = arguments[1];
	      if (er instanceof Error) {
	        throw er; // Unhandled 'error' event
	      }
	      throw TypeError('Uncaught, unspecified "error" event.');
	    }
	  }

	  handler = this._events[type];

	  if (isUndefined(handler))
	    return false;

	  if (isFunction(handler)) {
	    switch (arguments.length) {
	      // fast cases
	      case 1:
	        handler.call(this);
	        break;
	      case 2:
	        handler.call(this, arguments[1]);
	        break;
	      case 3:
	        handler.call(this, arguments[1], arguments[2]);
	        break;
	      // slower
	      default:
	        len = arguments.length;
	        args = new Array(len - 1);
	        for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
	          args[i - 1] = arguments[i];
	        handler.apply(this, args);
	    }
	  } else if (isObject(handler)) {
	    len = arguments.length;
	    args = new Array(len - 1);
	    for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
	      args[i - 1] = arguments[i];

	    listeners = handler.slice();
	    len = listeners.length;
	    for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
	      listeners[i].apply(this, args);
	  }

	  return true;
	};

	EventEmitter.prototype.addListener = function(type, listener) {
	  var m;

	  if (!isFunction(listener))
	    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');

	  if (!this._events)
	    this._events = {};

	  // To avoid recursion in the case that type === "newListener"! Before
	  // adding it to the listeners, first emit "newListener".
	  if (this._events.newListener)
	    this.emit('newListener', type,
	              isFunction(listener.listener) ?
	              listener.listener : listener);

	  if (!this._events[type])
	    // Optimize the case of one listener. Don't need the extra array object.
	    this._events[type] = listener;
	  else if (isObject(this._events[type]))
	    // If we've already got an array, just append.
	    this._events[type].push(listener);
	  else
	    // Adding the second element, need to change to array.
	    this._events[type] = [this._events[type], listener];

	  // Check for listener leak
	  if (isObject(this._events[type]) && !this._events[type].warned) {
	    var m;
	    if (!isUndefined(this._maxListeners)) {
	      m = this._maxListeners;
	    } else {
	      m = EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners;
	    }

	    if (m && m > 0 && this._events[type].length > m) {
	      this._events[type].warned = true;
	      console.error('(node) warning: possible EventEmitter memory ' +
	                    'leak detected. %d listeners added. ' +
	                    'Use emitter.setMaxListeners() to increase limit.',
	                    this._events[type].length);
	      if (typeof console.trace === 'function') {
	        // not supported in IE 10
	        console.trace();
	      }
	    }
	  }

	  return this;
	};

	EventEmitter.prototype.on = EventEmitter.prototype.addListener;

	EventEmitter.prototype.once = function(type, listener) {
	  if (!isFunction(listener))
	    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');

	  var fired = false;

	  function g() {
	    this.removeListener(type, g);

	    if (!fired) {
	      fired = true;
	      listener.apply(this, arguments);
	    }
	  }

	  g.listener = listener;
	  this.on(type, g);

	  return this;
	};

	// emits a 'removeListener' event iff the listener was removed
	EventEmitter.prototype.removeListener = function(type, listener) {
	  var list, position, length, i;

	  if (!isFunction(listener))
	    throw TypeError('listener must be a function');

	  if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
	    return this;

	  list = this._events[type];
	  length = list.length;
	  position = -1;

	  if (list === listener ||
	      (isFunction(list.listener) && list.listener === listener)) {
	    delete this._events[type];
	    if (this._events.removeListener)
	      this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);

	  } else if (isObject(list)) {
	    for (i = length; i-- > 0;) {
	      if (list[i] === listener ||
	          (list[i].listener && list[i].listener === listener)) {
	        position = i;
	        break;
	      }
	    }

	    if (position < 0)
	      return this;

	    if (list.length === 1) {
	      list.length = 0;
	      delete this._events[type];
	    } else {
	      list.splice(position, 1);
	    }

	    if (this._events.removeListener)
	      this.emit('removeListener', type, listener);
	  }

	  return this;
	};

	EventEmitter.prototype.removeAllListeners = function(type) {
	  var key, listeners;

	  if (!this._events)
	    return this;

	  // not listening for removeListener, no need to emit
	  if (!this._events.removeListener) {
	    if (arguments.length === 0)
	      this._events = {};
	    else if (this._events[type])
	      delete this._events[type];
	    return this;
	  }

	  // emit removeListener for all listeners on all events
	  if (arguments.length === 0) {
	    for (key in this._events) {
	      if (key === 'removeListener') continue;
	      this.removeAllListeners(key);
	    }
	    this.removeAllListeners('removeListener');
	    this._events = {};
	    return this;
	  }

	  listeners = this._events[type];

	  if (isFunction(listeners)) {
	    this.removeListener(type, listeners);
	  } else {
	    // LIFO order
	    while (listeners.length)
	      this.removeListener(type, listeners[listeners.length - 1]);
	  }
	  delete this._events[type];

	  return this;
	};

	EventEmitter.prototype.listeners = function(type) {
	  var ret;
	  if (!this._events || !this._events[type])
	    ret = [];
	  else if (isFunction(this._events[type]))
	    ret = [this._events[type]];
	  else
	    ret = this._events[type].slice();
	  return ret;
	};

	EventEmitter.listenerCount = function(emitter, type) {
	  var ret;
	  if (!emitter._events || !emitter._events[type])
	    ret = 0;
	  else if (isFunction(emitter._events[type]))
	    ret = 1;
	  else
	    ret = emitter._events[type].length;
	  return ret;
	};

	function isFunction(arg) {
	  return typeof arg === 'function';
	}

	function isNumber(arg) {
	  return typeof arg === 'number';
	}

	function isObject(arg) {
	  return typeof arg === 'object' && arg !== null;
	}

	function isUndefined(arg) {
	  return arg === void 0;
	}


/***/ },
/* 3 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	var __WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_RESULT__;/* WEBPACK VAR INJECTION */(function(module, global) {/**
	 * @license
	 * lodash 3.8.0 (Custom Build) <https://lodash.com/>
	 * Build: `lodash modern -d -o ./index.js`
	 * Copyright 2012-2015 The Dojo Foundation <http://dojofoundation.org/>
	 * Based on Underscore.js 1.8.3 <http://underscorejs.org/LICENSE>
	 * Copyright 2009-2015 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors
	 * Available under MIT license <https://lodash.com/license>
	 */
	;(function() {

	  /** Used as a safe reference for `undefined` in pre-ES5 environments. */
	  var undefined;

	  /** Used as the semantic version number. */
	  var VERSION = '3.8.0';

	  /** Used to compose bitmasks for wrapper metadata. */
	  var BIND_FLAG = 1,
	      BIND_KEY_FLAG = 2,
	      CURRY_BOUND_FLAG = 4,
	      CURRY_FLAG = 8,
	      CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG = 16,
	      PARTIAL_FLAG = 32,
	      PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG = 64,
	      ARY_FLAG = 128,
	      REARG_FLAG = 256;

	  /** Used as default options for `_.trunc`. */
	  var DEFAULT_TRUNC_LENGTH = 30,
	      DEFAULT_TRUNC_OMISSION = '...';

	  /** Used to detect when a function becomes hot. */
	  var HOT_COUNT = 150,
	      HOT_SPAN = 16;

	  /** Used to indicate the type of lazy iteratees. */
	  var LAZY_DROP_WHILE_FLAG = 0,
	      LAZY_FILTER_FLAG = 1,
	      LAZY_MAP_FLAG = 2;

	  /** Used as the `TypeError` message for "Functions" methods. */
	  var FUNC_ERROR_TEXT = 'Expected a function';

	  /** Used as the internal argument placeholder. */
	  var PLACEHOLDER = '__lodash_placeholder__';

	  /** `Object#toString` result references. */
	  var argsTag = '[object Arguments]',
	      arrayTag = '[object Array]',
	      boolTag = '[object Boolean]',
	      dateTag = '[object Date]',
	      errorTag = '[object Error]',
	      funcTag = '[object Function]',
	      mapTag = '[object Map]',
	      numberTag = '[object Number]',
	      objectTag = '[object Object]',
	      regexpTag = '[object RegExp]',
	      setTag = '[object Set]',
	      stringTag = '[object String]',
	      weakMapTag = '[object WeakMap]';

	  var arrayBufferTag = '[object ArrayBuffer]',
	      float32Tag = '[object Float32Array]',
	      float64Tag = '[object Float64Array]',
	      int8Tag = '[object Int8Array]',
	      int16Tag = '[object Int16Array]',
	      int32Tag = '[object Int32Array]',
	      uint8Tag = '[object Uint8Array]',
	      uint8ClampedTag = '[object Uint8ClampedArray]',
	      uint16Tag = '[object Uint16Array]',
	      uint32Tag = '[object Uint32Array]';

	  /** Used to match empty string literals in compiled template source. */
	  var reEmptyStringLeading = /\b__p \+= '';/g,
	      reEmptyStringMiddle = /\b(__p \+=) '' \+/g,
	      reEmptyStringTrailing = /(__e\(.*?\)|\b__t\)) \+\n'';/g;

	  /** Used to match HTML entities and HTML characters. */
	  var reEscapedHtml = /&(?:amp|lt|gt|quot|#39|#96);/g,
	      reUnescapedHtml = /[&<>"'`]/g,
	      reHasEscapedHtml = RegExp(reEscapedHtml.source),
	      reHasUnescapedHtml = RegExp(reUnescapedHtml.source);

	  /** Used to match template delimiters. */
	  var reEscape = /<%-([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
	      reEvaluate = /<%([\s\S]+?)%>/g,
	      reInterpolate = /<%=([\s\S]+?)%>/g;

	  /** Used to match property names within property paths. */
	  var reIsDeepProp = /\.|\[(?:[^[\]]*|(["'])(?:(?!\1)[^\n\\]|\\.)*?\1)\]/,
	      reIsPlainProp = /^\w*$/,
	      rePropName = /[^.[\]]+|\[(?:(-?\d+(?:\.\d+)?)|(["'])((?:(?!\2)[^\n\\]|\\.)*?)\2)\]/g;

	  /**
	   * Used to match `RegExp` [special characters](http://www.regular-expressions.info/characters.html#special).
	   * In addition to special characters the forward slash is escaped to allow for
	   * easier `eval` use and `Function` compilation.
	   */
	  var reRegExpChars = /[.*+?^${}()|[\]\/\\]/g,
	      reHasRegExpChars = RegExp(reRegExpChars.source);

	  /** Used to match [combining diacritical marks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combining_Diacritical_Marks). */
	  var reComboMark = /[\u0300-\u036f\ufe20-\ufe23]/g;

	  /** Used to match backslashes in property paths. */
	  var reEscapeChar = /\\(\\)?/g;

	  /** Used to match [ES template delimiters](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-template-literal-lexical-components). */
	  var reEsTemplate = /\$\{([^\\}]*(?:\\.[^\\}]*)*)\}/g;

	  /** Used to match `RegExp` flags from their coerced string values. */
	  var reFlags = /\w*$/;

	  /** Used to detect hexadecimal string values. */
	  var reHasHexPrefix = /^0[xX]/;

	  /** Used to detect host constructors (Safari > 5). */
	  var reIsHostCtor = /^\[object .+?Constructor\]$/;

	  /** Used to match latin-1 supplementary letters (excluding mathematical operators). */
	  var reLatin1 = /[\xc0-\xd6\xd8-\xde\xdf-\xf6\xf8-\xff]/g;

	  /** Used to ensure capturing order of template delimiters. */
	  var reNoMatch = /($^)/;

	  /** Used to match unescaped characters in compiled string literals. */
	  var reUnescapedString = /['\n\r\u2028\u2029\\]/g;

	  /** Used to match words to create compound words. */
	  var reWords = (function() {
	    var upper = '[A-Z\\xc0-\\xd6\\xd8-\\xde]',
	        lower = '[a-z\\xdf-\\xf6\\xf8-\\xff]+';

	    return RegExp(upper + '+(?=' + upper + lower + ')|' + upper + '?' + lower + '|' + upper + '+|[0-9]+', 'g');
	  }());

	  /** Used to detect and test for whitespace. */
	  var whitespace = (
	    // Basic whitespace characters.
	    ' \t\x0b\f\xa0\ufeff' +

	    // Line terminators.
	    '\n\r\u2028\u2029' +

	    // Unicode category "Zs" space separators.
	    '\u1680\u180e\u2000\u2001\u2002\u2003\u2004\u2005\u2006\u2007\u2008\u2009\u200a\u202f\u205f\u3000'
	  );

	  /** Used to assign default `context` object properties. */
	  var contextProps = [
	    'Array', 'ArrayBuffer', 'Date', 'Error', 'Float32Array', 'Float64Array',
	    'Function', 'Int8Array', 'Int16Array', 'Int32Array', 'Math', 'Number',
	    'Object', 'RegExp', 'Set', 'String', '_', 'clearTimeout', 'document',
	    'isFinite', 'parseInt', 'setTimeout', 'TypeError', 'Uint8Array',
	    'Uint8ClampedArray', 'Uint16Array', 'Uint32Array', 'WeakMap',
	    'window'
	  ];

	  /** Used to make template sourceURLs easier to identify. */
	  var templateCounter = -1;

	  /** Used to identify `toStringTag` values of typed arrays. */
	  var typedArrayTags = {};
	  typedArrayTags[float32Tag] = typedArrayTags[float64Tag] =
	  typedArrayTags[int8Tag] = typedArrayTags[int16Tag] =
	  typedArrayTags[int32Tag] = typedArrayTags[uint8Tag] =
	  typedArrayTags[uint8ClampedTag] = typedArrayTags[uint16Tag] =
	  typedArrayTags[uint32Tag] = true;
	  typedArrayTags[argsTag] = typedArrayTags[arrayTag] =
	  typedArrayTags[arrayBufferTag] = typedArrayTags[boolTag] =
	  typedArrayTags[dateTag] = typedArrayTags[errorTag] =
	  typedArrayTags[funcTag] = typedArrayTags[mapTag] =
	  typedArrayTags[numberTag] = typedArrayTags[objectTag] =
	  typedArrayTags[regexpTag] = typedArrayTags[setTag] =
	  typedArrayTags[stringTag] = typedArrayTags[weakMapTag] = false;

	  /** Used to identify `toStringTag` values supported by `_.clone`. */
	  var cloneableTags = {};
	  cloneableTags[argsTag] = cloneableTags[arrayTag] =
	  cloneableTags[arrayBufferTag] = cloneableTags[boolTag] =
	  cloneableTags[dateTag] = cloneableTags[float32Tag] =
	  cloneableTags[float64Tag] = cloneableTags[int8Tag] =
	  cloneableTags[int16Tag] = cloneableTags[int32Tag] =
	  cloneableTags[numberTag] = cloneableTags[objectTag] =
	  cloneableTags[regexpTag] = cloneableTags[stringTag] =
	  cloneableTags[uint8Tag] = cloneableTags[uint8ClampedTag] =
	  cloneableTags[uint16Tag] = cloneableTags[uint32Tag] = true;
	  cloneableTags[errorTag] = cloneableTags[funcTag] =
	  cloneableTags[mapTag] = cloneableTags[setTag] =
	  cloneableTags[weakMapTag] = false;

	  /** Used as an internal `_.debounce` options object by `_.throttle`. */
	  var debounceOptions = {
	    'leading': false,
	    'maxWait': 0,
	    'trailing': false
	  };

	  /** Used to map latin-1 supplementary letters to basic latin letters. */
	  var deburredLetters = {
	    '\xc0': 'A',  '\xc1': 'A', '\xc2': 'A', '\xc3': 'A', '\xc4': 'A', '\xc5': 'A',
	    '\xe0': 'a',  '\xe1': 'a', '\xe2': 'a', '\xe3': 'a', '\xe4': 'a', '\xe5': 'a',
	    '\xc7': 'C',  '\xe7': 'c',
	    '\xd0': 'D',  '\xf0': 'd',
	    '\xc8': 'E',  '\xc9': 'E', '\xca': 'E', '\xcb': 'E',
	    '\xe8': 'e',  '\xe9': 'e', '\xea': 'e', '\xeb': 'e',
	    '\xcC': 'I',  '\xcd': 'I', '\xce': 'I', '\xcf': 'I',
	    '\xeC': 'i',  '\xed': 'i', '\xee': 'i', '\xef': 'i',
	    '\xd1': 'N',  '\xf1': 'n',
	    '\xd2': 'O',  '\xd3': 'O', '\xd4': 'O', '\xd5': 'O', '\xd6': 'O', '\xd8': 'O',
	    '\xf2': 'o',  '\xf3': 'o', '\xf4': 'o', '\xf5': 'o', '\xf6': 'o', '\xf8': 'o',
	    '\xd9': 'U',  '\xda': 'U', '\xdb': 'U', '\xdc': 'U',
	    '\xf9': 'u',  '\xfa': 'u', '\xfb': 'u', '\xfc': 'u',
	    '\xdd': 'Y',  '\xfd': 'y', '\xff': 'y',
	    '\xc6': 'Ae', '\xe6': 'ae',
	    '\xde': 'Th', '\xfe': 'th',
	    '\xdf': 'ss'
	  };

	  /** Used to map characters to HTML entities. */
	  var htmlEscapes = {
	    '&': '&amp;',
	    '<': '&lt;',
	    '>': '&gt;',
	    '"': '&quot;',
	    "'": '&#39;',
	    '`': '&#96;'
	  };

	  /** Used to map HTML entities to characters. */
	  var htmlUnescapes = {
	    '&amp;': '&',
	    '&lt;': '<',
	    '&gt;': '>',
	    '&quot;': '"',
	    '&#39;': "'",
	    '&#96;': '`'
	  };

	  /** Used to determine if values are of the language type `Object`. */
	  var objectTypes = {
	    'function': true,
	    'object': true
	  };

	  /** Used to escape characters for inclusion in compiled string literals. */
	  var stringEscapes = {
	    '\\': '\\',
	    "'": "'",
	    '\n': 'n',
	    '\r': 'r',
	    '\u2028': 'u2028',
	    '\u2029': 'u2029'
	  };

	  /** Detect free variable `exports`. */
	  var freeExports = objectTypes[typeof exports] && exports && !exports.nodeType && exports;

	  /** Detect free variable `module`. */
	  var freeModule = objectTypes[typeof module] && module && !module.nodeType && module;

	  /** Detect free variable `global` from Node.js. */
	  var freeGlobal = freeExports && freeModule && typeof global == 'object' && global && global.Object && global;

	  /** Detect free variable `self`. */
	  var freeSelf = objectTypes[typeof self] && self && self.Object && self;

	  /** Detect free variable `window`. */
	  var freeWindow = objectTypes[typeof window] && window && window.Object && window;

	  /** Detect the popular CommonJS extension `module.exports`. */
	  var moduleExports = freeModule && freeModule.exports === freeExports && freeExports;

	  /**
	   * Used as a reference to the global object.
	   *
	   * The `this` value is used if it is the global object to avoid Greasemonkey's
	   * restricted `window` object, otherwise the `window` object is used.
	   */
	  var root = freeGlobal || ((freeWindow !== (this && this.window)) && freeWindow) || freeSelf || this;

	  /**
	   * The base implementation of `compareAscending` which compares values and
	   * sorts them in ascending order without guaranteeing a stable sort.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {*} value The value to compare to `other`.
	   * @param {*} other The value to compare to `value`.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the sort order indicator for `value`.
	   */
	  function baseCompareAscending(value, other) {
	    if (value !== other) {
	      var valIsReflexive = value === value,
	          othIsReflexive = other === other;

	      if (value > other || !valIsReflexive || (value === undefined && othIsReflexive)) {
	        return 1;
	      }
	      if (value < other || !othIsReflexive || (other === undefined && valIsReflexive)) {
	        return -1;
	      }
	    }
	    return 0;
	  }

	  /**
	   * The base implementation of `_.findIndex` and `_.findLastIndex` without
	   * support for callback shorthands and `this` binding.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {Array} array The array to search.
	   * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
	   * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
	   */
	  function baseFindIndex(array, predicate, fromRight) {
	    var length = array.length,
	        index = fromRight ? length : -1;

	    while ((fromRight ? index-- : ++index < length)) {
	      if (predicate(array[index], index, array)) {
	        return index;
	      }
	    }
	    return -1;
	  }

	  /**
	   * The base implementation of `_.indexOf` without support for binary searches.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {Array} array The array to search.
	   * @param {*} value The value to search for.
	   * @param {number} fromIndex The index to search from.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
	   */
	  function baseIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
	    if (value !== value) {
	      return indexOfNaN(array, fromIndex);
	    }
	    var index = fromIndex - 1,
	        length = array.length;

	    while (++index < length) {
	      if (array[index] === value) {
	        return index;
	      }
	    }
	    return -1;
	  }

	  /**
	   * The base implementation of `_.isFunction` without support for environments
	   * with incorrect `typeof` results.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {*} value The value to check.
	   * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is correctly classified, else `false`.
	   */
	  function baseIsFunction(value) {
	    // Avoid a Chakra JIT bug in compatibility modes of IE 11.
	    // See https://github.com/jashkenas/underscore/issues/1621 for more details.
	    return typeof value == 'function' || false;
	  }

	  /**
	   * Converts `value` to a string if it is not one. An empty string is returned
	   * for `null` or `undefined` values.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {*} value The value to process.
	   * @returns {string} Returns the string.
	   */
	  function baseToString(value) {
	    if (typeof value == 'string') {
	      return value;
	    }
	    return value == null ? '' : (value + '');
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.max` and `_.min` as the default callback for string values.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the code unit of the first character of the string.
	   */
	  function charAtCallback(string) {
	    return string.charCodeAt(0);
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.trim` and `_.trimLeft` to get the index of the first character
	   * of `string` that is not found in `chars`.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
	   * @param {string} chars The characters to find.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the index of the first character not found in `chars`.
	   */
	  function charsLeftIndex(string, chars) {
	    var index = -1,
	        length = string.length;

	    while (++index < length && chars.indexOf(string.charAt(index)) > -1) {}
	    return index;
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.trim` and `_.trimRight` to get the index of the last character
	   * of `string` that is not found in `chars`.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
	   * @param {string} chars The characters to find.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the index of the last character not found in `chars`.
	   */
	  function charsRightIndex(string, chars) {
	    var index = string.length;

	    while (index-- && chars.indexOf(string.charAt(index)) > -1) {}
	    return index;
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.sortBy` to compare transformed elements of a collection and stable
	   * sort them in ascending order.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {Object} object The object to compare to `other`.
	   * @param {Object} other The object to compare to `object`.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the sort order indicator for `object`.
	   */
	  function compareAscending(object, other) {
	    return baseCompareAscending(object.criteria, other.criteria) || (object.index - other.index);
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.sortByOrder` to compare multiple properties of each element
	   * in a collection and stable sort them in the following order:
	   *
	   * If `orders` is unspecified, sort in ascending order for all properties.
	   * Otherwise, for each property, sort in ascending order if its corresponding value in
	   * orders is true, and descending order if false.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {Object} object The object to compare to `other`.
	   * @param {Object} other The object to compare to `object`.
	   * @param {boolean[]} orders The order to sort by for each property.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the sort order indicator for `object`.
	   */
	  function compareMultiple(object, other, orders) {
	    var index = -1,
	        objCriteria = object.criteria,
	        othCriteria = other.criteria,
	        length = objCriteria.length,
	        ordersLength = orders.length;

	    while (++index < length) {
	      var result = baseCompareAscending(objCriteria[index], othCriteria[index]);
	      if (result) {
	        if (index >= ordersLength) {
	          return result;
	        }
	        return result * (orders[index] ? 1 : -1);
	      }
	    }
	    // Fixes an `Array#sort` bug in the JS engine embedded in Adobe applications
	    // that causes it, under certain circumstances, to provide the same value for
	    // `object` and `other`. See https://github.com/jashkenas/underscore/pull/1247
	    // for more details.
	    //
	    // This also ensures a stable sort in V8 and other engines.
	    // See https://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=90 for more details.
	    return object.index - other.index;
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.deburr` to convert latin-1 supplementary letters to basic latin letters.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {string} letter The matched letter to deburr.
	   * @returns {string} Returns the deburred letter.
	   */
	  function deburrLetter(letter) {
	    return deburredLetters[letter];
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.escape` to convert characters to HTML entities.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {string} chr The matched character to escape.
	   * @returns {string} Returns the escaped character.
	   */
	  function escapeHtmlChar(chr) {
	    return htmlEscapes[chr];
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.template` to escape characters for inclusion in compiled
	   * string literals.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {string} chr The matched character to escape.
	   * @returns {string} Returns the escaped character.
	   */
	  function escapeStringChar(chr) {
	    return '\\' + stringEscapes[chr];
	  }

	  /**
	   * Gets the index at which the first occurrence of `NaN` is found in `array`.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {Array} array The array to search.
	   * @param {number} fromIndex The index to search from.
	   * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched `NaN`, else `-1`.
	   */
	  function indexOfNaN(array, fromIndex, fromRight) {
	    var length = array.length,
	        index = fromIndex + (fromRight ? 0 : -1);

	    while ((fromRight ? index-- : ++index < length)) {
	      var other = array[index];
	      if (other !== other) {
	        return index;
	      }
	    }
	    return -1;
	  }

	  /**
	   * Checks if `value` is object-like.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {*} value The value to check.
	   * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is object-like, else `false`.
	   */
	  function isObjectLike(value) {
	    return !!value && typeof value == 'object';
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `trimmedLeftIndex` and `trimmedRightIndex` to determine if a
	   * character code is whitespace.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {number} charCode The character code to inspect.
	   * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `charCode` is whitespace, else `false`.
	   */
	  function isSpace(charCode) {
	    return ((charCode <= 160 && (charCode >= 9 && charCode <= 13) || charCode == 32 || charCode == 160) || charCode == 5760 || charCode == 6158 ||
	      (charCode >= 8192 && (charCode <= 8202 || charCode == 8232 || charCode == 8233 || charCode == 8239 || charCode == 8287 || charCode == 12288 || charCode == 65279)));
	  }

	  /**
	   * Replaces all `placeholder` elements in `array` with an internal placeholder
	   * and returns an array of their indexes.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
	   * @param {*} placeholder The placeholder to replace.
	   * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of placeholder indexes.
	   */
	  function replaceHolders(array, placeholder) {
	    var index = -1,
	        length = array.length,
	        resIndex = -1,
	        result = [];

	    while (++index < length) {
	      if (array[index] === placeholder) {
	        array[index] = PLACEHOLDER;
	        result[++resIndex] = index;
	      }
	    }
	    return result;
	  }

	  /**
	   * An implementation of `_.uniq` optimized for sorted arrays without support
	   * for callback shorthands and `this` binding.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
	   * @param {Function} [iteratee] The function invoked per iteration.
	   * @returns {Array} Returns the new duplicate-value-free array.
	   */
	  function sortedUniq(array, iteratee) {
	    var seen,
	        index = -1,
	        length = array.length,
	        resIndex = -1,
	        result = [];

	    while (++index < length) {
	      var value = array[index],
	          computed = iteratee ? iteratee(value, index, array) : value;

	      if (!index || seen !== computed) {
	        seen = computed;
	        result[++resIndex] = value;
	      }
	    }
	    return result;
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.trim` and `_.trimLeft` to get the index of the first non-whitespace
	   * character of `string`.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the index of the first non-whitespace character.
	   */
	  function trimmedLeftIndex(string) {
	    var index = -1,
	        length = string.length;

	    while (++index < length && isSpace(string.charCodeAt(index))) {}
	    return index;
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.trim` and `_.trimRight` to get the index of the last non-whitespace
	   * character of `string`.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {string} string The string to inspect.
	   * @returns {number} Returns the index of the last non-whitespace character.
	   */
	  function trimmedRightIndex(string) {
	    var index = string.length;

	    while (index-- && isSpace(string.charCodeAt(index))) {}
	    return index;
	  }

	  /**
	   * Used by `_.unescape` to convert HTML entities to characters.
	   *
	   * @private
	   * @param {string} chr The matched character to unescape.
	   * @returns {string} Returns the unescaped character.
	   */
	  function unescapeHtmlChar(chr) {
	    return htmlUnescapes[chr];
	  }

	  /**
	   * Create a new pristine `lodash` function using the given `context` object.
	   *
	   * @static
	   * @memberOf _
	   * @category Utility
	   * @param {Object} [context=root] The context object.
	   * @returns {Function} Returns a new `lodash` function.
	   * @example
	   *
	   * _.mixin({ 'foo': _.constant('foo') });
	   *
	   * var lodash = _.runInContext();
	   * lodash.mixin({ 'bar': lodash.constant('bar') });
	   *
	   * _.isFunction(_.foo);
	   * // => true
	   * _.isFunction(_.bar);
	   * // => false
	   *
	   * lodash.isFunction(lodash.foo);
	   * // => false
	   * lodash.isFunction(lodash.bar);
	   * // => true
	   *
	   * // using `context` to mock `Date#getTime` use in `_.now`
	   * var mock = _.runInContext({
	   *   'Date': function() {
	   *     return { 'getTime': getTimeMock };
	   *   }
	   * });
	   *
	   * // or creating a suped-up `defer` in Node.js
	   * var defer = _.runInContext({ 'setTimeout': setImmediate }).defer;
	   */
	  function runInContext(context) {
	    // Avoid issues with some ES3 environments that attempt to use values, named
	    // after built-in constructors like `Object`, for the creation of literals.
	    // ES5 clears this up by stating that literals must use built-in constructors.
	    // See https://es5.github.io/#x11.1.5 for more details.
	    context = context ? _.defaults(root.Object(), context, _.pick(root, contextProps)) : root;

	    /** Native constructor references. */
	    var Array = context.Array,
	        Date = context.Date,
	        Error = context.Error,
	        Function = context.Function,
	        Math = context.Math,
	        Number = context.Number,
	        Object = context.Object,
	        RegExp = context.RegExp,
	        String = context.String,
	        TypeError = context.TypeError;

	    /** Used for native method references. */
	    var arrayProto = Array.prototype,
	        objectProto = Object.prototype,
	        stringProto = String.prototype;

	    /** Used to detect DOM support. */
	    var document = (document = context.window) && document.document;

	    /** Used to resolve the decompiled source of functions. */
	    var fnToString = Function.prototype.toString;

	    /** Used to check objects for own properties. */
	    var hasOwnProperty = objectProto.hasOwnProperty;

	    /** Used to generate unique IDs. */
	    var idCounter = 0;

	    /**
	     * Used to resolve the [`toStringTag`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-object.prototype.tostring)
	     * of values.
	     */
	    var objToString = objectProto.toString;

	    /** Used to restore the original `_` reference in `_.noConflict`. */
	    var oldDash = context._;

	    /** Used to detect if a method is native. */
	    var reIsNative = RegExp('^' +
	      escapeRegExp(objToString)
	      .replace(/toString|(function).*?(?=\\\()| for .+?(?=\\\])/g, '$1.*?') + '$'
	    );

	    /** Native method references. */
	    var ArrayBuffer = isNative(ArrayBuffer = context.ArrayBuffer) && ArrayBuffer,
	        bufferSlice = isNative(bufferSlice = ArrayBuffer && new ArrayBuffer(0).slice) && bufferSlice,
	        ceil = Math.ceil,
	        clearTimeout = context.clearTimeout,
	        floor = Math.floor,
	        getOwnPropertySymbols = isNative(getOwnPropertySymbols = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols) && getOwnPropertySymbols,
	        getPrototypeOf = isNative(getPrototypeOf = Object.getPrototypeOf) && getPrototypeOf,
	        push = arrayProto.push,
	        preventExtensions = isNative(preventExtensions = Object.preventExtensions) && preventExtensions,
	        propertyIsEnumerable = objectProto.propertyIsEnumerable,
	        Set = isNative(Set = context.Set) && Set,
	        setTimeout = context.setTimeout,
	        splice = arrayProto.splice,
	        Uint8Array = isNative(Uint8Array = context.Uint8Array) && Uint8Array,
	        WeakMap = isNative(WeakMap = context.WeakMap) && WeakMap;

	    /** Used to clone array buffers. */
	    var Float64Array = (function() {
	      // Safari 5 errors when using an array buffer to initialize a typed array
	      // where the array buffer's `byteLength` is not a multiple of the typed
	      // array's `BYTES_PER_ELEMENT`.
	      try {
	        var func = isNative(func = context.Float64Array) && func,
	            result = new func(new ArrayBuffer(10), 0, 1) && func;
	      } catch(e) {}
	      return result;
	    }());

	    /** Used as `baseAssign`. */
	    var nativeAssign = (function() {
	      // Avoid `Object.assign` in Firefox 34-37 which have an early implementation
	      // with a now defunct try/catch behavior. See https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1103344
	      // for more details.
	      //
	      // Use `Object.preventExtensions` on a plain object instead of simply using
	      // `Object('x')` because Chrome and IE fail to throw an error when attempting
	      // to assign values to readonly indexes of strings.
	      var func = preventExtensions && isNative(func = Object.assign) && func;
	      try {
	        if (func) {
	          var object = preventExtensions({ '1': 0 });
	          object[0] = 1;
	        }
	      } catch(e) {
	        // Only attempt in strict mode.
	        try { func(object, 'xo'); } catch(e) {}
	        return !object[1] && func;
	      }
	      return false;
	    }());

	    /* Native method references for those with the same name as other `lodash` methods. */
	    var nativeIsArray = isNative(nativeIsArray = Array.isArray) && nativeIsArray,
	        nativeCreate = isNative(nativeCreate = Object.create) && nativeCreate,
	        nativeIsFinite = context.isFinite,
	        nativeKeys = isNative(nativeKeys = Object.keys) && nativeKeys,
	        nativeMax = Math.max,
	        nativeMin = Math.min,
	        nativeNow = isNative(nativeNow = Date.now) && nativeNow,
	        nativeNumIsFinite = isNative(nativeNumIsFinite = Number.isFinite) && nativeNumIsFinite,
	        nativeParseInt = context.parseInt,
	        nativeRandom = Math.random;

	    /** Used as references for `-Infinity` and `Infinity`. */
	    var NEGATIVE_INFINITY = Number.NEGATIVE_INFINITY,
	        POSITIVE_INFINITY = Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY;

	    /** Used as references for the maximum length and index of an array. */
	    var MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH = Math.pow(2, 32) - 1,
	        MAX_ARRAY_INDEX = MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH - 1,
	        HALF_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH = MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH >>> 1;

	    /** Used as the size, in bytes, of each `Float64Array` element. */
	    var FLOAT64_BYTES_PER_ELEMENT = Float64Array ? Float64Array.BYTES_PER_ELEMENT : 0;

	    /**
	     * Used as the [maximum length](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-number.max_safe_integer)
	     * of an array-like value.
	     */
	    var MAX_SAFE_INTEGER = Math.pow(2, 53) - 1;

	    /** Used to store function metadata. */
	    var metaMap = WeakMap && new WeakMap;

	    /** Used to lookup unminified function names. */
	    var realNames = {};

	    /**
	     * Creates a `lodash` object which wraps `value` to enable implicit chaining.
	     * Methods that operate on and return arrays, collections, and functions can
	     * be chained together. Methods that return a boolean or single value will
	     * automatically end the chain returning the unwrapped value. Explicit chaining
	     * may be enabled using `_.chain`. The execution of chained methods is lazy,
	     * that is, execution is deferred until `_#value` is implicitly or explicitly
	     * called.
	     *
	     * Lazy evaluation allows several methods to support shortcut fusion. Shortcut
	     * fusion is an optimization that merges iteratees to avoid creating intermediate
	     * arrays and reduce the number of iteratee executions.
	     *
	     * Chaining is supported in custom builds as long as the `_#value` method is
	     * directly or indirectly included in the build.
	     *
	     * In addition to lodash methods, wrappers have `Array` and `String` methods.
	     *
	     * The wrapper `Array` methods are:
	     * `concat`, `join`, `pop`, `push`, `reverse`, `shift`, `slice`, `sort`,
	     * `splice`, and `unshift`
	     *
	     * The wrapper `String` methods are:
	     * `replace` and `split`
	     *
	     * The wrapper methods that support shortcut fusion are:
	     * `compact`, `drop`, `dropRight`, `dropRightWhile`, `dropWhile`, `filter`,
	     * `first`, `initial`, `last`, `map`, `pluck`, `reject`, `rest`, `reverse`,
	     * `slice`, `take`, `takeRight`, `takeRightWhile`, `takeWhile`, `toArray`,
	     * and `where`
	     *
	     * The chainable wrapper methods are:
	     * `after`, `ary`, `assign`, `at`, `before`, `bind`, `bindAll`, `bindKey`,
	     * `callback`, `chain`, `chunk`, `commit`, `compact`, `concat`, `constant`,
	     * `countBy`, `create`, `curry`, `debounce`, `defaults`, `defer`, `delay`,
	     * `difference`, `drop`, `dropRight`, `dropRightWhile`, `dropWhile`, `fill`,
	     * `filter`, `flatten`, `flattenDeep`, `flow`, `flowRight`, `forEach`,
	     * `forEachRight`, `forIn`, `forInRight`, `forOwn`, `forOwnRight`, `functions`,
	     * `groupBy`, `indexBy`, `initial`, `intersection`, `invert`, `invoke`, `keys`,
	     * `keysIn`, `map`, `mapValues`, `matches`, `matchesProperty`, `memoize`,
	     * `merge`, `mixin`, `negate`, `omit`, `once`, `pairs`, `partial`, `partialRight`,
	     * `partition`, `pick`, `plant`, `pluck`, `property`, `propertyOf`, `pull`,
	     * `pullAt`, `push`, `range`, `rearg`, `reject`, `remove`, `rest`, `reverse`,
	     * `shuffle`, `slice`, `sort`, `sortBy`, `sortByAll`, `sortByOrder`, `splice`,
	     * `spread`, `take`, `takeRight`, `takeRightWhile`, `takeWhile`, `tap`,
	     * `throttle`, `thru`, `times`, `toArray`, `toPlainObject`, `transform`,
	     * `union`, `uniq`, `unshift`, `unzip`, `values`, `valuesIn`, `where`,
	     * `without`, `wrap`, `xor`, `zip`, and `zipObject`
	     *
	     * The wrapper methods that are **not** chainable by default are:
	     * `add`, `attempt`, `camelCase`, `capitalize`, `clone`, `cloneDeep`, `deburr`,
	     * `endsWith`, `escape`, `escapeRegExp`, `every`, `find`, `findIndex`, `findKey`,
	     * `findLast`, `findLastIndex`, `findLastKey`, `findWhere`, `first`, `has`,
	     * `identity`, `includes`, `indexOf`, `inRange`, `isArguments`, `isArray`,
	     * `isBoolean`, `isDate`, `isElement`, `isEmpty`, `isEqual`, `isError`, `isFinite`
	     * `isFunction`, `isMatch`, `isNative`, `isNaN`, `isNull`, `isNumber`, `isObject`,
	     * `isPlainObject`, `isRegExp`, `isString`, `isUndefined`, `isTypedArray`,
	     * `join`, `kebabCase`, `last`, `lastIndexOf`, `max`, `min`, `noConflict`,
	     * `noop`, `now`, `pad`, `padLeft`, `padRight`, `parseInt`, `pop`, `random`,
	     * `reduce`, `reduceRight`, `repeat`, `result`, `runInContext`, `shift`, `size`,
	     * `snakeCase`, `some`, `sortedIndex`, `sortedLastIndex`, `startCase`, `startsWith`,
	     * `sum`, `template`, `trim`, `trimLeft`, `trimRight`, `trunc`, `unescape`,
	     * `uniqueId`, `value`, and `words`
	     *
	     * The wrapper method `sample` will return a wrapped value when `n` is provided,
	     * otherwise an unwrapped value is returned.
	     *
	     * @name _
	     * @constructor
	     * @category Chain
	     * @param {*} value The value to wrap in a `lodash` instance.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var wrapped = _([1, 2, 3]);
	     *
	     * // returns an unwrapped value
	     * wrapped.reduce(function(total, n) {
	     *   return total + n;
	     * });
	     * // => 6
	     *
	     * // returns a wrapped value
	     * var squares = wrapped.map(function(n) {
	     *   return n * n;
	     * });
	     *
	     * _.isArray(squares);
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.isArray(squares.value());
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function lodash(value) {
	      if (isObjectLike(value) && !isArray(value) && !(value instanceof LazyWrapper)) {
	        if (value instanceof LodashWrapper) {
	          return value;
	        }
	        if (hasOwnProperty.call(value, '__chain__') && hasOwnProperty.call(value, '__wrapped__')) {
	          return wrapperClone(value);
	        }
	      }
	      return new LodashWrapper(value);
	    }

	    /**
	     * The function whose prototype all chaining wrappers inherit from.
	     *
	     * @private
	     */
	    function baseLodash() {
	      // No operation performed.
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base constructor for creating `lodash` wrapper objects.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to wrap.
	     * @param {boolean} [chainAll] Enable chaining for all wrapper methods.
	     * @param {Array} [actions=[]] Actions to peform to resolve the unwrapped value.
	     */
	    function LodashWrapper(value, chainAll, actions) {
	      this.__wrapped__ = value;
	      this.__actions__ = actions || [];
	      this.__chain__ = !!chainAll;
	    }

	    /**
	     * An object environment feature flags.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @type Object
	     */
	    var support = lodash.support = {};

	    (function(x) {
	      var Ctor = function() { this.x = x; },
	          args = arguments,
	          object = { '0': x, 'length': x },
	          props = [];

	      Ctor.prototype = { 'valueOf': x, 'y': x };
	      for (var key in new Ctor) { props.push(key); }

	      /**
	       * Detect if functions can be decompiled by `Function#toString`
	       * (all but Firefox OS certified apps, older Opera mobile browsers, and
	       * the PlayStation 3; forced `false` for Windows 8 apps).
	       *
	       * @memberOf _.support
	       * @type boolean
	       */
	      support.funcDecomp = /\bthis\b/.test(function() { return this; });

	      /**
	       * Detect if `Function#name` is supported (all but IE).
	       *
	       * @memberOf _.support
	       * @type boolean
	       */
	      support.funcNames = typeof Function.name == 'string';

	      /**
	       * Detect if the DOM is supported.
	       *
	       * @memberOf _.support
	       * @type boolean
	       */
	      try {
	        support.dom = document.createDocumentFragment().nodeType === 11;
	      } catch(e) {
	        support.dom = false;
	      }

	      /**
	       * Detect if `arguments` object indexes are non-enumerable.
	       *
	       * In Firefox < 4, IE < 9, PhantomJS, and Safari < 5.1 `arguments` object
	       * indexes are non-enumerable. Chrome < 25 and Node.js < 0.11.0 treat
	       * `arguments` object indexes as non-enumerable and fail `hasOwnProperty`
	       * checks for indexes that exceed the number of function parameters and
	       * whose associated argument values are `0`.
	       *
	       * @memberOf _.support
	       * @type boolean
	       */
	      try {
	        support.nonEnumArgs = !propertyIsEnumerable.call(args, 1);
	      } catch(e) {
	        support.nonEnumArgs = true;
	      }
	    }(1, 0));

	    /**
	     * By default, the template delimiters used by lodash are like those in
	     * embedded Ruby (ERB). Change the following template settings to use
	     * alternative delimiters.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @type Object
	     */
	    lodash.templateSettings = {

	      /**
	       * Used to detect `data` property values to be HTML-escaped.
	       *
	       * @memberOf _.templateSettings
	       * @type RegExp
	       */
	      'escape': reEscape,

	      /**
	       * Used to detect code to be evaluated.
	       *
	       * @memberOf _.templateSettings
	       * @type RegExp
	       */
	      'evaluate': reEvaluate,

	      /**
	       * Used to detect `data` property values to inject.
	       *
	       * @memberOf _.templateSettings
	       * @type RegExp
	       */
	      'interpolate': reInterpolate,

	      /**
	       * Used to reference the data object in the template text.
	       *
	       * @memberOf _.templateSettings
	       * @type string
	       */
	      'variable': '',

	      /**
	       * Used to import variables into the compiled template.
	       *
	       * @memberOf _.templateSettings
	       * @type Object
	       */
	      'imports': {

	        /**
	         * A reference to the `lodash` function.
	         *
	         * @memberOf _.templateSettings.imports
	         * @type Function
	         */
	        '_': lodash
	      }
	    };

	    /**
	     * Creates a lazy wrapper object which wraps `value` to enable lazy evaluation.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to wrap.
	     */
	    function LazyWrapper(value) {
	      this.__wrapped__ = value;
	      this.__actions__ = null;
	      this.__dir__ = 1;
	      this.__dropCount__ = 0;
	      this.__filtered__ = false;
	      this.__iteratees__ = null;
	      this.__takeCount__ = POSITIVE_INFINITY;
	      this.__views__ = null;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a clone of the lazy wrapper object.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @name clone
	     * @memberOf LazyWrapper
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the cloned `LazyWrapper` object.
	     */
	    function lazyClone() {
	      var actions = this.__actions__,
	          iteratees = this.__iteratees__,
	          views = this.__views__,
	          result = new LazyWrapper(this.__wrapped__);

	      result.__actions__ = actions ? arrayCopy(actions) : null;
	      result.__dir__ = this.__dir__;
	      result.__filtered__ = this.__filtered__;
	      result.__iteratees__ = iteratees ? arrayCopy(iteratees) : null;
	      result.__takeCount__ = this.__takeCount__;
	      result.__views__ = views ? arrayCopy(views) : null;
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Reverses the direction of lazy iteration.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @name reverse
	     * @memberOf LazyWrapper
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new reversed `LazyWrapper` object.
	     */
	    function lazyReverse() {
	      if (this.__filtered__) {
	        var result = new LazyWrapper(this);
	        result.__dir__ = -1;
	        result.__filtered__ = true;
	      } else {
	        result = this.clone();
	        result.__dir__ *= -1;
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Extracts the unwrapped value from its lazy wrapper.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @name value
	     * @memberOf LazyWrapper
	     * @returns {*} Returns the unwrapped value.
	     */
	    function lazyValue() {
	      var array = this.__wrapped__.value();
	      if (!isArray(array)) {
	        return baseWrapperValue(array, this.__actions__);
	      }
	      var dir = this.__dir__,
	          isRight = dir < 0,
	          view = getView(0, array.length, this.__views__),
	          start = view.start,
	          end = view.end,
	          length = end - start,
	          index = isRight ? end : (start - 1),
	          takeCount = nativeMin(length, this.__takeCount__),
	          iteratees = this.__iteratees__,
	          iterLength = iteratees ? iteratees.length : 0,
	          resIndex = 0,
	          result = [];

	      outer:
	      while (length-- && resIndex < takeCount) {
	        index += dir;

	        var iterIndex = -1,
	            value = array[index];

	        while (++iterIndex < iterLength) {
	          var data = iteratees[iterIndex],
	              iteratee = data.iteratee,
	              type = data.type;

	          if (type == LAZY_DROP_WHILE_FLAG) {
	            if (data.done && (isRight ? (index > data.index) : (index < data.index))) {
	              data.count = 0;
	              data.done = false;
	            }
	            data.index = index;
	            if (!data.done) {
	              var limit = data.limit;
	              if (!(data.done = limit > -1 ? (data.count++ >= limit) : !iteratee(value))) {
	                continue outer;
	              }
	            }
	          } else {
	            var computed = iteratee(value);
	            if (type == LAZY_MAP_FLAG) {
	              value = computed;
	            } else if (!computed) {
	              if (type == LAZY_FILTER_FLAG) {
	                continue outer;
	              } else {
	                break outer;
	              }
	            }
	          }
	        }
	        result[resIndex++] = value;
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a cache object to store key/value pairs.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @static
	     * @name Cache
	     * @memberOf _.memoize
	     */
	    function MapCache() {
	      this.__data__ = {};
	    }

	    /**
	     * Removes `key` and its value from the cache.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @name delete
	     * @memberOf _.memoize.Cache
	     * @param {string} key The key of the value to remove.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the entry was removed successfully, else `false`.
	     */
	    function mapDelete(key) {
	      return this.has(key) && delete this.__data__[key];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets the cached value for `key`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @name get
	     * @memberOf _.memoize.Cache
	     * @param {string} key The key of the value to get.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the cached value.
	     */
	    function mapGet(key) {
	      return key == '__proto__' ? undefined : this.__data__[key];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if a cached value for `key` exists.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @name has
	     * @memberOf _.memoize.Cache
	     * @param {string} key The key of the entry to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if an entry for `key` exists, else `false`.
	     */
	    function mapHas(key) {
	      return key != '__proto__' && hasOwnProperty.call(this.__data__, key);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Sets `value` to `key` of the cache.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @name set
	     * @memberOf _.memoize.Cache
	     * @param {string} key The key of the value to cache.
	     * @param {*} value The value to cache.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the cache object.
	     */
	    function mapSet(key, value) {
	      if (key != '__proto__') {
	        this.__data__[key] = value;
	      }
	      return this;
	    }

	    /**
	     *
	     * Creates a cache object to store unique values.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} [values] The values to cache.
	     */
	    function SetCache(values) {
	      var length = values ? values.length : 0;

	      this.data = { 'hash': nativeCreate(null), 'set': new Set };
	      while (length--) {
	        this.push(values[length]);
	      }
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is in `cache` mimicking the return signature of
	     * `_.indexOf` by returning `0` if the value is found, else `-1`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} cache The cache to search.
	     * @param {*} value The value to search for.
	     * @returns {number} Returns `0` if `value` is found, else `-1`.
	     */
	    function cacheIndexOf(cache, value) {
	      var data = cache.data,
	          result = (typeof value == 'string' || isObject(value)) ? data.set.has(value) : data.hash[value];

	      return result ? 0 : -1;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Adds `value` to the cache.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @name push
	     * @memberOf SetCache
	     * @param {*} value The value to cache.
	     */
	    function cachePush(value) {
	      var data = this.data;
	      if (typeof value == 'string' || isObject(value)) {
	        data.set.add(value);
	      } else {
	        data.hash[value] = true;
	      }
	    }

	    /**
	     * Copies the values of `source` to `array`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} source The array to copy values from.
	     * @param {Array} [array=[]] The array to copy values to.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
	     */
	    function arrayCopy(source, array) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = source.length;

	      array || (array = Array(length));
	      while (++index < length) {
	        array[index] = source[index];
	      }
	      return array;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.forEach` for arrays without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
	     */
	    function arrayEach(array, iteratee) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array.length;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        if (iteratee(array[index], index, array) === false) {
	          break;
	        }
	      }
	      return array;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.forEachRight` for arrays without support for
	     * callback shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
	     */
	    function arrayEachRight(array, iteratee) {
	      var length = array.length;

	      while (length--) {
	        if (iteratee(array[length], length, array) === false) {
	          break;
	        }
	      }
	      return array;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.every` for arrays without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if all elements pass the predicate check,
	     *  else `false`.
	     */
	    function arrayEvery(array, predicate) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array.length;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        if (!predicate(array[index], index, array)) {
	          return false;
	        }
	      }
	      return true;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.filter` for arrays without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new filtered array.
	     */
	    function arrayFilter(array, predicate) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array.length,
	          resIndex = -1,
	          result = [];

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var value = array[index];
	        if (predicate(value, index, array)) {
	          result[++resIndex] = value;
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.map` for arrays without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new mapped array.
	     */
	    function arrayMap(array, iteratee) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array.length,
	          result = Array(length);

	      while (++index < length) {
	        result[index] = iteratee(array[index], index, array);
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.max` for arrays without support for iteratees.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the maximum value.
	     */
	    function arrayMax(array) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array.length,
	          result = NEGATIVE_INFINITY;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var value = array[index];
	        if (value > result) {
	          result = value;
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.min` for arrays without support for iteratees.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the minimum value.
	     */
	    function arrayMin(array) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array.length,
	          result = POSITIVE_INFINITY;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var value = array[index];
	        if (value < result) {
	          result = value;
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.reduce` for arrays without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [accumulator] The initial value.
	     * @param {boolean} [initFromArray] Specify using the first element of `array`
	     *  as the initial value.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
	     */
	    function arrayReduce(array, iteratee, accumulator, initFromArray) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array.length;

	      if (initFromArray && length) {
	        accumulator = array[++index];
	      }
	      while (++index < length) {
	        accumulator = iteratee(accumulator, array[index], index, array);
	      }
	      return accumulator;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.reduceRight` for arrays without support for
	     * callback shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [accumulator] The initial value.
	     * @param {boolean} [initFromArray] Specify using the last element of `array`
	     *  as the initial value.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
	     */
	    function arrayReduceRight(array, iteratee, accumulator, initFromArray) {
	      var length = array.length;
	      if (initFromArray && length) {
	        accumulator = array[--length];
	      }
	      while (length--) {
	        accumulator = iteratee(accumulator, array[length], length, array);
	      }
	      return accumulator;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.some` for arrays without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if any element passes the predicate check,
	     *  else `false`.
	     */
	    function arraySome(array, predicate) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array.length;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        if (predicate(array[index], index, array)) {
	          return true;
	        }
	      }
	      return false;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.sum` for arrays without support for iteratees.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to iterate over.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the sum.
	     */
	    function arraySum(array) {
	      var length = array.length,
	          result = 0;

	      while (length--) {
	        result += +array[length] || 0;
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Used by `_.defaults` to customize its `_.assign` use.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} objectValue The destination object property value.
	     * @param {*} sourceValue The source object property value.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the value to assign to the destination object.
	     */
	    function assignDefaults(objectValue, sourceValue) {
	      return objectValue === undefined ? sourceValue : objectValue;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Used by `_.template` to customize its `_.assign` use.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This function is like `assignDefaults` except that it ignores
	     * inherited property values when checking if a property is `undefined`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} objectValue The destination object property value.
	     * @param {*} sourceValue The source object property value.
	     * @param {string} key The key associated with the object and source values.
	     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the value to assign to the destination object.
	     */
	    function assignOwnDefaults(objectValue, sourceValue, key, object) {
	      return (objectValue === undefined || !hasOwnProperty.call(object, key))
	        ? sourceValue
	        : objectValue;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.assign` for customizing assigned values without
	     * support for argument juggling, multiple sources, and `this` binding `customizer`
	     * functions.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
	     * @param {Object} source The source object.
	     * @param {Function} customizer The function to customize assigned values.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     */
	    function assignWith(object, source, customizer) {
	      var props = keys(source);
	      push.apply(props, getSymbols(source));

	      var index = -1,
	          length = props.length;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var key = props[index],
	            value = object[key],
	            result = customizer(value, source[key], key, object, source);

	        if ((result === result ? (result !== value) : (value === value)) ||
	            (value === undefined && !(key in object))) {
	          object[key] = result;
	        }
	      }
	      return object;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.assign` without support for argument juggling,
	     * multiple sources, and `customizer` functions.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
	     * @param {Object} source The source object.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     */
	    var baseAssign = nativeAssign || function(object, source) {
	      return source == null
	        ? object
	        : baseCopy(source, getSymbols(source), baseCopy(source, keys(source), object));
	    };

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.at` without support for string collections
	     * and individual key arguments.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {number[]|string[]} props The property names or indexes of elements to pick.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of picked elements.
	     */
	    function baseAt(collection, props) {
	      var index = -1,
	          isNil = collection == null,
	          isArr = !isNil && isArrayLike(collection),
	          length = isArr && collection.length,
	          propsLength = props.length,
	          result = Array(propsLength);

	      while(++index < propsLength) {
	        var key = props[index];
	        if (isArr) {
	          result[index] = isIndex(key, length) ? collection[key] : undefined;
	        } else {
	          result[index] = isNil ? undefined : collection[key];
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Copies properties of `source` to `object`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} source The object to copy properties from.
	     * @param {Array} props The property names to copy.
	     * @param {Object} [object={}] The object to copy properties to.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     */
	    function baseCopy(source, props, object) {
	      object || (object = {});

	      var index = -1,
	          length = props.length;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var key = props[index];
	        object[key] = source[key];
	      }
	      return object;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.callback` which supports specifying the
	     * number of arguments to provide to `func`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} [func=_.identity] The value to convert to a callback.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
	     * @param {number} [argCount] The number of arguments to provide to `func`.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the callback.
	     */
	    function baseCallback(func, thisArg, argCount) {
	      var type = typeof func;
	      if (type == 'function') {
	        return thisArg === undefined
	          ? func
	          : bindCallback(func, thisArg, argCount);
	      }
	      if (func == null) {
	        return identity;
	      }
	      if (type == 'object') {
	        return baseMatches(func);
	      }
	      return thisArg === undefined
	        ? property(func)
	        : baseMatchesProperty(func, thisArg);
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.clone` without support for argument juggling
	     * and `this` binding `customizer` functions.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to clone.
	     * @param {boolean} [isDeep] Specify a deep clone.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize cloning values.
	     * @param {string} [key] The key of `value`.
	     * @param {Object} [object] The object `value` belongs to.
	     * @param {Array} [stackA=[]] Tracks traversed source objects.
	     * @param {Array} [stackB=[]] Associates clones with source counterparts.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the cloned value.
	     */
	    function baseClone(value, isDeep, customizer, key, object, stackA, stackB) {
	      var result;
	      if (customizer) {
	        result = object ? customizer(value, key, object) : customizer(value);
	      }
	      if (result !== undefined) {
	        return result;
	      }
	      if (!isObject(value)) {
	        return value;
	      }
	      var isArr = isArray(value);
	      if (isArr) {
	        result = initCloneArray(value);
	        if (!isDeep) {
	          return arrayCopy(value, result);
	        }
	      } else {
	        var tag = objToString.call(value),
	            isFunc = tag == funcTag;

	        if (tag == objectTag || tag == argsTag || (isFunc && !object)) {
	          result = initCloneObject(isFunc ? {} : value);
	          if (!isDeep) {
	            return baseAssign(result, value);
	          }
	        } else {
	          return cloneableTags[tag]
	            ? initCloneByTag(value, tag, isDeep)
	            : (object ? value : {});
	        }
	      }
	      // Check for circular references and return corresponding clone.
	      stackA || (stackA = []);
	      stackB || (stackB = []);

	      var length = stackA.length;
	      while (length--) {
	        if (stackA[length] == value) {
	          return stackB[length];
	        }
	      }
	      // Add the source value to the stack of traversed objects and associate it with its clone.
	      stackA.push(value);
	      stackB.push(result);

	      // Recursively populate clone (susceptible to call stack limits).
	      (isArr ? arrayEach : baseForOwn)(value, function(subValue, key) {
	        result[key] = baseClone(subValue, isDeep, customizer, key, value, stackA, stackB);
	      });
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.create` without support for assigning
	     * properties to the created object.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} prototype The object to inherit from.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
	     */
	    var baseCreate = (function() {
	      function Object() {}
	      return function(prototype) {
	        if (isObject(prototype)) {
	          Object.prototype = prototype;
	          var result = new Object;
	          Object.prototype = null;
	        }
	        return result || context.Object();
	      };
	    }());

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.delay` and `_.defer` which accepts an index
	     * of where to slice the arguments to provide to `func`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} func The function to delay.
	     * @param {number} wait The number of milliseconds to delay invocation.
	     * @param {Object} args The arguments provide to `func`.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the timer id.
	     */
	    function baseDelay(func, wait, args) {
	      if (typeof func != 'function') {
	        throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	      }
	      return setTimeout(function() { func.apply(undefined, args); }, wait);
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.difference` which accepts a single array
	     * of values to exclude.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
	     * @param {Array} values The values to exclude.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
	     */
	    function baseDifference(array, values) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0,
	          result = [];

	      if (!length) {
	        return result;
	      }
	      var index = -1,
	          indexOf = getIndexOf(),
	          isCommon = indexOf == baseIndexOf,
	          cache = (isCommon && values.length >= 200) ? createCache(values) : null,
	          valuesLength = values.length;

	      if (cache) {
	        indexOf = cacheIndexOf;
	        isCommon = false;
	        values = cache;
	      }
	      outer:
	      while (++index < length) {
	        var value = array[index];

	        if (isCommon && value === value) {
	          var valuesIndex = valuesLength;
	          while (valuesIndex--) {
	            if (values[valuesIndex] === value) {
	              continue outer;
	            }
	          }
	          result.push(value);
	        }
	        else if (indexOf(values, value, 0) < 0) {
	          result.push(value);
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.forEach` without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Array|Object|string} Returns `collection`.
	     */
	    var baseEach = createBaseEach(baseForOwn);

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.forEachRight` without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Array|Object|string} Returns `collection`.
	     */
	    var baseEachRight = createBaseEach(baseForOwnRight, true);

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.every` without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if all elements pass the predicate check,
	     *  else `false`
	     */
	    function baseEvery(collection, predicate) {
	      var result = true;
	      baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
	        result = !!predicate(value, index, collection);
	        return result;
	      });
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.fill` without an iteratee call guard.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to fill.
	     * @param {*} value The value to fill `array` with.
	     * @param {number} [start=0] The start position.
	     * @param {number} [end=array.length] The end position.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
	     */
	    function baseFill(array, value, start, end) {
	      var length = array.length;

	      start = start == null ? 0 : (+start || 0);
	      if (start < 0) {
	        start = -start > length ? 0 : (length + start);
	      }
	      end = (end === undefined || end > length) ? length : (+end || 0);
	      if (end < 0) {
	        end += length;
	      }
	      length = start > end ? 0 : (end >>> 0);
	      start >>>= 0;

	      while (start < length) {
	        array[start++] = value;
	      }
	      return array;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.filter` without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new filtered array.
	     */
	    function baseFilter(collection, predicate) {
	      var result = [];
	      baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
	        if (predicate(value, index, collection)) {
	          result.push(value);
	        }
	      });
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.find`, `_.findLast`, `_.findKey`, and `_.findLastKey`,
	     * without support for callback shorthands and `this` binding, which iterates
	     * over `collection` using the provided `eachFunc`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to search.
	     * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {Function} eachFunc The function to iterate over `collection`.
	     * @param {boolean} [retKey] Specify returning the key of the found element
	     *  instead of the element itself.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the found element or its key, else `undefined`.
	     */
	    function baseFind(collection, predicate, eachFunc, retKey) {
	      var result;
	      eachFunc(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
	        if (predicate(value, key, collection)) {
	          result = retKey ? key : value;
	          return false;
	        }
	      });
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.flatten` with added support for restricting
	     * flattening and specifying the start index.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to flatten.
	     * @param {boolean} [isDeep] Specify a deep flatten.
	     * @param {boolean} [isStrict] Restrict flattening to arrays-like objects.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new flattened array.
	     */
	    function baseFlatten(array, isDeep, isStrict) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array.length,
	          resIndex = -1,
	          result = [];

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var value = array[index];
	        if (isObjectLike(value) && isArrayLike(value) &&
	            (isStrict || isArray(value) || isArguments(value))) {
	          if (isDeep) {
	            // Recursively flatten arrays (susceptible to call stack limits).
	            value = baseFlatten(value, isDeep, isStrict);
	          }
	          var valIndex = -1,
	              valLength = value.length;

	          while (++valIndex < valLength) {
	            result[++resIndex] = value[valIndex];
	          }
	        } else if (!isStrict) {
	          result[++resIndex] = value;
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `baseForIn` and `baseForOwn` which iterates
	     * over `object` properties returned by `keysFunc` invoking `iteratee` for
	     * each property. Iteratee functions may exit iteration early by explicitly
	     * returning `false`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {Function} keysFunc The function to get the keys of `object`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     */
	    var baseFor = createBaseFor();

	    /**
	     * This function is like `baseFor` except that it iterates over properties
	     * in the opposite order.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {Function} keysFunc The function to get the keys of `object`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     */
	    var baseForRight = createBaseFor(true);

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.forIn` without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     */
	    function baseForIn(object, iteratee) {
	      return baseFor(object, iteratee, keysIn);
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.forOwn` without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     */
	    function baseForOwn(object, iteratee) {
	      return baseFor(object, iteratee, keys);
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.forOwnRight` without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     */
	    function baseForOwnRight(object, iteratee) {
	      return baseForRight(object, iteratee, keys);
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.functions` which creates an array of
	     * `object` function property names filtered from those provided.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
	     * @param {Array} props The property names to filter.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered property names.
	     */
	    function baseFunctions(object, props) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = props.length,
	          resIndex = -1,
	          result = [];

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var key = props[index];
	        if (isFunction(object[key])) {
	          result[++resIndex] = key;
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `get` without support for string paths
	     * and default values.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @param {Array} path The path of the property to get.
	     * @param {string} [pathKey] The key representation of path.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the resolved value.
	     */
	    function baseGet(object, path, pathKey) {
	      if (object == null) {
	        return;
	      }
	      if (pathKey !== undefined && pathKey in toObject(object)) {
	        path = [pathKey];
	      }
	      var index = -1,
	          length = path.length;

	      while (object != null && ++index < length) {
	        object = object[path[index]];
	      }
	      return (index && index == length) ? object : undefined;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.isEqual` without support for `this` binding
	     * `customizer` functions.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to compare.
	     * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize comparing values.
	     * @param {boolean} [isLoose] Specify performing partial comparisons.
	     * @param {Array} [stackA] Tracks traversed `value` objects.
	     * @param {Array} [stackB] Tracks traversed `other` objects.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the values are equivalent, else `false`.
	     */
	    function baseIsEqual(value, other, customizer, isLoose, stackA, stackB) {
	      // Exit early for identical values.
	      if (value === other) {
	        return true;
	      }
	      var valType = typeof value,
	          othType = typeof other;

	      // Exit early for unlike primitive values.
	      if ((valType != 'function' && valType != 'object' && othType != 'function' && othType != 'object') ||
	          value == null || other == null) {
	        // Return `false` unless both values are `NaN`.
	        return value !== value && other !== other;
	      }
	      return baseIsEqualDeep(value, other, baseIsEqual, customizer, isLoose, stackA, stackB);
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `baseIsEqual` for arrays and objects which performs
	     * deep comparisons and tracks traversed objects enabling objects with circular
	     * references to be compared.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to compare.
	     * @param {Object} other The other object to compare.
	     * @param {Function} equalFunc The function to determine equivalents of values.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize comparing objects.
	     * @param {boolean} [isLoose] Specify performing partial comparisons.
	     * @param {Array} [stackA=[]] Tracks traversed `value` objects.
	     * @param {Array} [stackB=[]] Tracks traversed `other` objects.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the objects are equivalent, else `false`.
	     */
	    function baseIsEqualDeep(object, other, equalFunc, customizer, isLoose, stackA, stackB) {
	      var objIsArr = isArray(object),
	          othIsArr = isArray(other),
	          objTag = arrayTag,
	          othTag = arrayTag;

	      if (!objIsArr) {
	        objTag = objToString.call(object);
	        if (objTag == argsTag) {
	          objTag = objectTag;
	        } else if (objTag != objectTag) {
	          objIsArr = isTypedArray(object);
	        }
	      }
	      if (!othIsArr) {
	        othTag = objToString.call(other);
	        if (othTag == argsTag) {
	          othTag = objectTag;
	        } else if (othTag != objectTag) {
	          othIsArr = isTypedArray(other);
	        }
	      }
	      var objIsObj = objTag == objectTag,
	          othIsObj = othTag == objectTag,
	          isSameTag = objTag == othTag;

	      if (isSameTag && !(objIsArr || objIsObj)) {
	        return equalByTag(object, other, objTag);
	      }
	      if (!isLoose) {
	        var valWrapped = objIsObj && hasOwnProperty.call(object, '__wrapped__'),
	            othWrapped = othIsObj && hasOwnProperty.call(other, '__wrapped__');

	        if (valWrapped || othWrapped) {
	          return equalFunc(valWrapped ? object.value() : object, othWrapped ? other.value() : other, customizer, isLoose, stackA, stackB);
	        }
	      }
	      if (!isSameTag) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      // Assume cyclic values are equal.
	      // For more information on detecting circular references see https://es5.github.io/#JO.
	      stackA || (stackA = []);
	      stackB || (stackB = []);

	      var length = stackA.length;
	      while (length--) {
	        if (stackA[length] == object) {
	          return stackB[length] == other;
	        }
	      }
	      // Add `object` and `other` to the stack of traversed objects.
	      stackA.push(object);
	      stackB.push(other);

	      var result = (objIsArr ? equalArrays : equalObjects)(object, other, equalFunc, customizer, isLoose, stackA, stackB);

	      stackA.pop();
	      stackB.pop();

	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.isMatch` without support for callback
	     * shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
	     * @param {Array} props The source property names to match.
	     * @param {Array} values The source values to match.
	     * @param {Array} strictCompareFlags Strict comparison flags for source values.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize comparing objects.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `object` is a match, else `false`.
	     */
	    function baseIsMatch(object, props, values, strictCompareFlags, customizer) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = props.length,
	          noCustomizer = !customizer;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        if ((noCustomizer && strictCompareFlags[index])
	              ? values[index] !== object[props[index]]
	              : !(props[index] in object)
	            ) {
	          return false;
	        }
	      }
	      index = -1;
	      while (++index < length) {
	        var key = props[index],
	            objValue = object[key],
	            srcValue = values[index];

	        if (noCustomizer && strictCompareFlags[index]) {
	          var result = objValue !== undefined || (key in object);
	        } else {
	          result = customizer ? customizer(objValue, srcValue, key) : undefined;
	          if (result === undefined) {
	            result = baseIsEqual(srcValue, objValue, customizer, true);
	          }
	        }
	        if (!result) {
	          return false;
	        }
	      }
	      return true;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.map` without support for callback shorthands
	     * and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new mapped array.
	     */
	    function baseMap(collection, iteratee) {
	      var index = -1,
	          result = isArrayLike(collection) ? Array(collection.length) : [];

	      baseEach(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
	        result[++index] = iteratee(value, key, collection);
	      });
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.matches` which does not clone `source`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} source The object of property values to match.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     */
	    function baseMatches(source) {
	      var props = keys(source),
	          length = props.length;

	      if (!length) {
	        return constant(true);
	      }
	      if (length == 1) {
	        var key = props[0],
	            value = source[key];

	        if (isStrictComparable(value)) {
	          return function(object) {
	            if (object == null) {
	              return false;
	            }
	            return object[key] === value && (value !== undefined || (key in toObject(object)));
	          };
	        }
	      }
	      var values = Array(length),
	          strictCompareFlags = Array(length);

	      while (length--) {
	        value = source[props[length]];
	        values[length] = value;
	        strictCompareFlags[length] = isStrictComparable(value);
	      }
	      return function(object) {
	        return object != null && baseIsMatch(toObject(object), props, values, strictCompareFlags);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.matchesProperty` which does not which does
	     * not clone `value`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {string} path The path of the property to get.
	     * @param {*} value The value to compare.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     */
	    function baseMatchesProperty(path, value) {
	      var isArr = isArray(path),
	          isCommon = isKey(path) && isStrictComparable(value),
	          pathKey = (path + '');

	      path = toPath(path);
	      return function(object) {
	        if (object == null) {
	          return false;
	        }
	        var key = pathKey;
	        object = toObject(object);
	        if ((isArr || !isCommon) && !(key in object)) {
	          object = path.length == 1 ? object : baseGet(object, baseSlice(path, 0, -1));
	          if (object == null) {
	            return false;
	          }
	          key = last(path);
	          object = toObject(object);
	        }
	        return object[key] === value
	          ? (value !== undefined || (key in object))
	          : baseIsEqual(value, object[key], null, true);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.merge` without support for argument juggling,
	     * multiple sources, and `this` binding `customizer` functions.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
	     * @param {Object} source The source object.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize merging properties.
	     * @param {Array} [stackA=[]] Tracks traversed source objects.
	     * @param {Array} [stackB=[]] Associates values with source counterparts.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     */
	    function baseMerge(object, source, customizer, stackA, stackB) {
	      if (!isObject(object)) {
	        return object;
	      }
	      var isSrcArr = isArrayLike(source) && (isArray(source) || isTypedArray(source));
	      if (!isSrcArr) {
	        var props = keys(source);
	        push.apply(props, getSymbols(source));
	      }
	      arrayEach(props || source, function(srcValue, key) {
	        if (props) {
	          key = srcValue;
	          srcValue = source[key];
	        }
	        if (isObjectLike(srcValue)) {
	          stackA || (stackA = []);
	          stackB || (stackB = []);
	          baseMergeDeep(object, source, key, baseMerge, customizer, stackA, stackB);
	        }
	        else {
	          var value = object[key],
	              result = customizer ? customizer(value, srcValue, key, object, source) : undefined,
	              isCommon = result === undefined;

	          if (isCommon) {
	            result = srcValue;
	          }
	          if ((isSrcArr || result !== undefined) &&
	              (isCommon || (result === result ? (result !== value) : (value === value)))) {
	            object[key] = result;
	          }
	        }
	      });
	      return object;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `baseMerge` for arrays and objects which performs
	     * deep merges and tracks traversed objects enabling objects with circular
	     * references to be merged.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
	     * @param {Object} source The source object.
	     * @param {string} key The key of the value to merge.
	     * @param {Function} mergeFunc The function to merge values.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize merging properties.
	     * @param {Array} [stackA=[]] Tracks traversed source objects.
	     * @param {Array} [stackB=[]] Associates values with source counterparts.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the objects are equivalent, else `false`.
	     */
	    function baseMergeDeep(object, source, key, mergeFunc, customizer, stackA, stackB) {
	      var length = stackA.length,
	          srcValue = source[key];

	      while (length--) {
	        if (stackA[length] == srcValue) {
	          object[key] = stackB[length];
	          return;
	        }
	      }
	      var value = object[key],
	          result = customizer ? customizer(value, srcValue, key, object, source) : undefined,
	          isCommon = result === undefined;

	      if (isCommon) {
	        result = srcValue;
	        if (isArrayLike(srcValue) && (isArray(srcValue) || isTypedArray(srcValue))) {
	          result = isArray(value)
	            ? value
	            : (isArrayLike(value) ? arrayCopy(value) : []);
	        }
	        else if (isPlainObject(srcValue) || isArguments(srcValue)) {
	          result = isArguments(value)
	            ? toPlainObject(value)
	            : (isPlainObject(value) ? value : {});
	        }
	        else {
	          isCommon = false;
	        }
	      }
	      // Add the source value to the stack of traversed objects and associate
	      // it with its merged value.
	      stackA.push(srcValue);
	      stackB.push(result);

	      if (isCommon) {
	        // Recursively merge objects and arrays (susceptible to call stack limits).
	        object[key] = mergeFunc(result, srcValue, customizer, stackA, stackB);
	      } else if (result === result ? (result !== value) : (value === value)) {
	        object[key] = result;
	      }
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.property` without support for deep paths.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {string} key The key of the property to get.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     */
	    function baseProperty(key) {
	      return function(object) {
	        return object == null ? undefined : object[key];
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `baseProperty` which supports deep paths.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to get.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     */
	    function basePropertyDeep(path) {
	      var pathKey = (path + '');
	      path = toPath(path);
	      return function(object) {
	        return baseGet(object, path, pathKey);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.pullAt` without support for individual
	     * index arguments and capturing the removed elements.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
	     * @param {number[]} indexes The indexes of elements to remove.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
	     */
	    function basePullAt(array, indexes) {
	      var length = array ? indexes.length : 0;
	      while (length--) {
	        var index = parseFloat(indexes[length]);
	        if (index != previous && isIndex(index)) {
	          var previous = index;
	          splice.call(array, index, 1);
	        }
	      }
	      return array;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.random` without support for argument juggling
	     * and returning floating-point numbers.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {number} min The minimum possible value.
	     * @param {number} max The maximum possible value.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the random number.
	     */
	    function baseRandom(min, max) {
	      return min + floor(nativeRandom() * (max - min + 1));
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.reduce` and `_.reduceRight` without support
	     * for callback shorthands and `this` binding, which iterates over `collection`
	     * using the provided `eachFunc`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} accumulator The initial value.
	     * @param {boolean} initFromCollection Specify using the first or last element
	     *  of `collection` as the initial value.
	     * @param {Function} eachFunc The function to iterate over `collection`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
	     */
	    function baseReduce(collection, iteratee, accumulator, initFromCollection, eachFunc) {
	      eachFunc(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
	        accumulator = initFromCollection
	          ? (initFromCollection = false, value)
	          : iteratee(accumulator, value, index, collection);
	      });
	      return accumulator;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `setData` without support for hot loop detection.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} func The function to associate metadata with.
	     * @param {*} data The metadata.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns `func`.
	     */
	    var baseSetData = !metaMap ? identity : function(func, data) {
	      metaMap.set(func, data);
	      return func;
	    };

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.slice` without an iteratee call guard.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to slice.
	     * @param {number} [start=0] The start position.
	     * @param {number} [end=array.length] The end position.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     */
	    function baseSlice(array, start, end) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array.length;

	      start = start == null ? 0 : (+start || 0);
	      if (start < 0) {
	        start = -start > length ? 0 : (length + start);
	      }
	      end = (end === undefined || end > length) ? length : (+end || 0);
	      if (end < 0) {
	        end += length;
	      }
	      length = start > end ? 0 : ((end - start) >>> 0);
	      start >>>= 0;

	      var result = Array(length);
	      while (++index < length) {
	        result[index] = array[index + start];
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.some` without support for callback shorthands
	     * and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if any element passes the predicate check,
	     *  else `false`.
	     */
	    function baseSome(collection, predicate) {
	      var result;

	      baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
	        result = predicate(value, index, collection);
	        return !result;
	      });
	      return !!result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.sortBy` which uses `comparer` to define
	     * the sort order of `array` and replaces criteria objects with their
	     * corresponding values.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to sort.
	     * @param {Function} comparer The function to define sort order.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
	     */
	    function baseSortBy(array, comparer) {
	      var length = array.length;

	      array.sort(comparer);
	      while (length--) {
	        array[length] = array[length].value;
	      }
	      return array;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.sortByOrder` without param guards.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function[]|Object[]|string[]} iteratees The iteratees to sort by.
	     * @param {boolean[]} orders The sort orders of `iteratees`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new sorted array.
	     */
	    function baseSortByOrder(collection, iteratees, orders) {
	      var callback = getCallback(),
	          index = -1;

	      iteratees = arrayMap(iteratees, function(iteratee) { return callback(iteratee); });

	      var result = baseMap(collection, function(value) {
	        var criteria = arrayMap(iteratees, function(iteratee) { return iteratee(value); });
	        return { 'criteria': criteria, 'index': ++index, 'value': value };
	      });

	      return baseSortBy(result, function(object, other) {
	        return compareMultiple(object, other, orders);
	      });
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.sum` without support for callback shorthands
	     * and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the sum.
	     */
	    function baseSum(collection, iteratee) {
	      var result = 0;
	      baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
	        result += +iteratee(value, index, collection) || 0;
	      });
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.uniq` without support for callback shorthands
	     * and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new duplicate-value-free array.
	     */
	    function baseUniq(array, iteratee) {
	      var index = -1,
	          indexOf = getIndexOf(),
	          length = array.length,
	          isCommon = indexOf == baseIndexOf,
	          isLarge = isCommon && length >= 200,
	          seen = isLarge ? createCache() : null,
	          result = [];

	      if (seen) {
	        indexOf = cacheIndexOf;
	        isCommon = false;
	      } else {
	        isLarge = false;
	        seen = iteratee ? [] : result;
	      }
	      outer:
	      while (++index < length) {
	        var value = array[index],
	            computed = iteratee ? iteratee(value, index, array) : value;

	        if (isCommon && value === value) {
	          var seenIndex = seen.length;
	          while (seenIndex--) {
	            if (seen[seenIndex] === computed) {
	              continue outer;
	            }
	          }
	          if (iteratee) {
	            seen.push(computed);
	          }
	          result.push(value);
	        }
	        else if (indexOf(seen, computed, 0) < 0) {
	          if (iteratee || isLarge) {
	            seen.push(computed);
	          }
	          result.push(value);
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.values` and `_.valuesIn` which creates an
	     * array of `object` property values corresponding to the property names
	     * of `props`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @param {Array} props The property names to get values for.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the array of property values.
	     */
	    function baseValues(object, props) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = props.length,
	          result = Array(length);

	      while (++index < length) {
	        result[index] = object[props[index]];
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `_.dropRightWhile`, `_.dropWhile`, `_.takeRightWhile`,
	     * and `_.takeWhile` without support for callback shorthands and `this` binding.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {boolean} [isDrop] Specify dropping elements instead of taking them.
	     * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     */
	    function baseWhile(array, predicate, isDrop, fromRight) {
	      var length = array.length,
	          index = fromRight ? length : -1;

	      while ((fromRight ? index-- : ++index < length) && predicate(array[index], index, array)) {}
	      return isDrop
	        ? baseSlice(array, (fromRight ? 0 : index), (fromRight ? index + 1 : length))
	        : baseSlice(array, (fromRight ? index + 1 : 0), (fromRight ? length : index));
	    }

	    /**
	     * The base implementation of `wrapperValue` which returns the result of
	     * performing a sequence of actions on the unwrapped `value`, where each
	     * successive action is supplied the return value of the previous.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The unwrapped value.
	     * @param {Array} actions Actions to peform to resolve the unwrapped value.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the resolved value.
	     */
	    function baseWrapperValue(value, actions) {
	      var result = value;
	      if (result instanceof LazyWrapper) {
	        result = result.value();
	      }
	      var index = -1,
	          length = actions.length;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var args = [result],
	            action = actions[index];

	        push.apply(args, action.args);
	        result = action.func.apply(action.thisArg, args);
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Performs a binary search of `array` to determine the index at which `value`
	     * should be inserted into `array` in order to maintain its sort order.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The sorted array to inspect.
	     * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
	     * @param {boolean} [retHighest] Specify returning the highest qualified index.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
	     *  into `array`.
	     */
	    function binaryIndex(array, value, retHighest) {
	      var low = 0,
	          high = array ? array.length : low;

	      if (typeof value == 'number' && value === value && high <= HALF_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) {
	        while (low < high) {
	          var mid = (low + high) >>> 1,
	              computed = array[mid];

	          if (retHighest ? (computed <= value) : (computed < value)) {
	            low = mid + 1;
	          } else {
	            high = mid;
	          }
	        }
	        return high;
	      }
	      return binaryIndexBy(array, value, identity, retHighest);
	    }

	    /**
	     * This function is like `binaryIndex` except that it invokes `iteratee` for
	     * `value` and each element of `array` to compute their sort ranking. The
	     * iteratee is invoked with one argument; (value).
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The sorted array to inspect.
	     * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {boolean} [retHighest] Specify returning the highest qualified index.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
	     *  into `array`.
	     */
	    function binaryIndexBy(array, value, iteratee, retHighest) {
	      value = iteratee(value);

	      var low = 0,
	          high = array ? array.length : 0,
	          valIsNaN = value !== value,
	          valIsUndef = value === undefined;

	      while (low < high) {
	        var mid = floor((low + high) / 2),
	            computed = iteratee(array[mid]),
	            isReflexive = computed === computed;

	        if (valIsNaN) {
	          var setLow = isReflexive || retHighest;
	        } else if (valIsUndef) {
	          setLow = isReflexive && (retHighest || computed !== undefined);
	        } else {
	          setLow = retHighest ? (computed <= value) : (computed < value);
	        }
	        if (setLow) {
	          low = mid + 1;
	        } else {
	          high = mid;
	        }
	      }
	      return nativeMin(high, MAX_ARRAY_INDEX);
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `baseCallback` which only supports `this` binding
	     * and specifying the number of arguments to provide to `func`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} func The function to bind.
	     * @param {*} thisArg The `this` binding of `func`.
	     * @param {number} [argCount] The number of arguments to provide to `func`.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the callback.
	     */
	    function bindCallback(func, thisArg, argCount) {
	      if (typeof func != 'function') {
	        return identity;
	      }
	      if (thisArg === undefined) {
	        return func;
	      }
	      switch (argCount) {
	        case 1: return function(value) {
	          return func.call(thisArg, value);
	        };
	        case 3: return function(value, index, collection) {
	          return func.call(thisArg, value, index, collection);
	        };
	        case 4: return function(accumulator, value, index, collection) {
	          return func.call(thisArg, accumulator, value, index, collection);
	        };
	        case 5: return function(value, other, key, object, source) {
	          return func.call(thisArg, value, other, key, object, source);
	        };
	      }
	      return function() {
	        return func.apply(thisArg, arguments);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a clone of the given array buffer.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {ArrayBuffer} buffer The array buffer to clone.
	     * @returns {ArrayBuffer} Returns the cloned array buffer.
	     */
	    function bufferClone(buffer) {
	      return bufferSlice.call(buffer, 0);
	    }
	    if (!bufferSlice) {
	      // PhantomJS has `ArrayBuffer` and `Uint8Array` but not `Float64Array`.
	      bufferClone = !(ArrayBuffer && Uint8Array) ? constant(null) : function(buffer) {
	        var byteLength = buffer.byteLength,
	            floatLength = Float64Array ? floor(byteLength / FLOAT64_BYTES_PER_ELEMENT) : 0,
	            offset = floatLength * FLOAT64_BYTES_PER_ELEMENT,
	            result = new ArrayBuffer(byteLength);

	        if (floatLength) {
	          var view = new Float64Array(result, 0, floatLength);
	          view.set(new Float64Array(buffer, 0, floatLength));
	        }
	        if (byteLength != offset) {
	          view = new Uint8Array(result, offset);
	          view.set(new Uint8Array(buffer, offset));
	        }
	        return result;
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array that is the composition of partially applied arguments,
	     * placeholders, and provided arguments into a single array of arguments.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object} args The provided arguments.
	     * @param {Array} partials The arguments to prepend to those provided.
	     * @param {Array} holders The `partials` placeholder indexes.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of composed arguments.
	     */
	    function composeArgs(args, partials, holders) {
	      var holdersLength = holders.length,
	          argsIndex = -1,
	          argsLength = nativeMax(args.length - holdersLength, 0),
	          leftIndex = -1,
	          leftLength = partials.length,
	          result = Array(argsLength + leftLength);

	      while (++leftIndex < leftLength) {
	        result[leftIndex] = partials[leftIndex];
	      }
	      while (++argsIndex < holdersLength) {
	        result[holders[argsIndex]] = args[argsIndex];
	      }
	      while (argsLength--) {
	        result[leftIndex++] = args[argsIndex++];
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * This function is like `composeArgs` except that the arguments composition
	     * is tailored for `_.partialRight`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object} args The provided arguments.
	     * @param {Array} partials The arguments to append to those provided.
	     * @param {Array} holders The `partials` placeholder indexes.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of composed arguments.
	     */
	    function composeArgsRight(args, partials, holders) {
	      var holdersIndex = -1,
	          holdersLength = holders.length,
	          argsIndex = -1,
	          argsLength = nativeMax(args.length - holdersLength, 0),
	          rightIndex = -1,
	          rightLength = partials.length,
	          result = Array(argsLength + rightLength);

	      while (++argsIndex < argsLength) {
	        result[argsIndex] = args[argsIndex];
	      }
	      var offset = argsIndex;
	      while (++rightIndex < rightLength) {
	        result[offset + rightIndex] = partials[rightIndex];
	      }
	      while (++holdersIndex < holdersLength) {
	        result[offset + holders[holdersIndex]] = args[argsIndex++];
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that aggregates a collection, creating an accumulator
	     * object composed from the results of running each element in the collection
	     * through an iteratee.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This function is used to create `_.countBy`, `_.groupBy`, `_.indexBy`,
	     * and `_.partition`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} setter The function to set keys and values of the accumulator object.
	     * @param {Function} [initializer] The function to initialize the accumulator object.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new aggregator function.
	     */
	    function createAggregator(setter, initializer) {
	      return function(collection, iteratee, thisArg) {
	        var result = initializer ? initializer() : {};
	        iteratee = getCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 3);

	        if (isArray(collection)) {
	          var index = -1,
	              length = collection.length;

	          while (++index < length) {
	            var value = collection[index];
	            setter(result, value, iteratee(value, index, collection), collection);
	          }
	        } else {
	          baseEach(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
	            setter(result, value, iteratee(value, key, collection), collection);
	          });
	        }
	        return result;
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that assigns properties of source object(s) to a given
	     * destination object.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This function is used to create `_.assign`, `_.defaults`, and `_.merge`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} assigner The function to assign values.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new assigner function.
	     */
	    function createAssigner(assigner) {
	      return restParam(function(object, sources) {
	        var index = -1,
	            length = object == null ? 0 : sources.length,
	            customizer = length > 2 && sources[length - 2],
	            guard = length > 2 && sources[2],
	            thisArg = length > 1 && sources[length - 1];

	        if (typeof customizer == 'function') {
	          customizer = bindCallback(customizer, thisArg, 5);
	          length -= 2;
	        } else {
	          customizer = typeof thisArg == 'function' ? thisArg : null;
	          length -= (customizer ? 1 : 0);
	        }
	        if (guard && isIterateeCall(sources[0], sources[1], guard)) {
	          customizer = length < 3 ? null : customizer;
	          length = 1;
	        }
	        while (++index < length) {
	          var source = sources[index];
	          if (source) {
	            assigner(object, source, customizer);
	          }
	        }
	        return object;
	      });
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a `baseEach` or `baseEachRight` function.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} eachFunc The function to iterate over a collection.
	     * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new base function.
	     */
	    function createBaseEach(eachFunc, fromRight) {
	      return function(collection, iteratee) {
	        var length = collection ? getLength(collection) : 0;
	        if (!isLength(length)) {
	          return eachFunc(collection, iteratee);
	        }
	        var index = fromRight ? length : -1,
	            iterable = toObject(collection);

	        while ((fromRight ? index-- : ++index < length)) {
	          if (iteratee(iterable[index], index, iterable) === false) {
	            break;
	          }
	        }
	        return collection;
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a base function for `_.forIn` or `_.forInRight`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new base function.
	     */
	    function createBaseFor(fromRight) {
	      return function(object, iteratee, keysFunc) {
	        var iterable = toObject(object),
	            props = keysFunc(object),
	            length = props.length,
	            index = fromRight ? length : -1;

	        while ((fromRight ? index-- : ++index < length)) {
	          var key = props[index];
	          if (iteratee(iterable[key], key, iterable) === false) {
	            break;
	          }
	        }
	        return object;
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that wraps `func` and invokes it with the `this`
	     * binding of `thisArg`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} func The function to bind.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
	     */
	    function createBindWrapper(func, thisArg) {
	      var Ctor = createCtorWrapper(func);

	      function wrapper() {
	        var fn = (this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper) ? Ctor : func;
	        return fn.apply(thisArg, arguments);
	      }
	      return wrapper;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a `Set` cache object to optimize linear searches of large arrays.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} [values] The values to cache.
	     * @returns {null|Object} Returns the new cache object if `Set` is supported, else `null`.
	     */
	    var createCache = !(nativeCreate && Set) ? constant(null) : function(values) {
	      return new SetCache(values);
	    };

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that produces compound words out of the words in a
	     * given string.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} callback The function to combine each word.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new compounder function.
	     */
	    function createCompounder(callback) {
	      return function(string) {
	        var index = -1,
	            array = words(deburr(string)),
	            length = array.length,
	            result = '';

	        while (++index < length) {
	          result = callback(result, array[index], index);
	        }
	        return result;
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that produces an instance of `Ctor` regardless of
	     * whether it was invoked as part of a `new` expression or by `call` or `apply`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} Ctor The constructor to wrap.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
	     */
	    function createCtorWrapper(Ctor) {
	      return function() {
	        var thisBinding = baseCreate(Ctor.prototype),
	            result = Ctor.apply(thisBinding, arguments);

	        // Mimic the constructor's `return` behavior.
	        // See https://es5.github.io/#x13.2.2 for more details.
	        return isObject(result) ? result : thisBinding;
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a `_.curry` or `_.curryRight` function.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {boolean} flag The curry bit flag.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new curry function.
	     */
	    function createCurry(flag) {
	      function curryFunc(func, arity, guard) {
	        if (guard && isIterateeCall(func, arity, guard)) {
	          arity = null;
	        }
	        var result = createWrapper(func, flag, null, null, null, null, null, arity);
	        result.placeholder = curryFunc.placeholder;
	        return result;
	      }
	      return curryFunc;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a `_.max` or `_.min` function.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} arrayFunc The function to get the extremum value from an array.
	     * @param {boolean} [isMin] Specify returning the minimum, instead of the maximum,
	     *  extremum value.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new extremum function.
	     */
	    function createExtremum(arrayFunc, isMin) {
	      return function(collection, iteratee, thisArg) {
	        if (thisArg && isIterateeCall(collection, iteratee, thisArg)) {
	          iteratee = null;
	        }
	        var func = getCallback(),
	            noIteratee = iteratee == null;

	        if (!(func === baseCallback && noIteratee)) {
	          noIteratee = false;
	          iteratee = func(iteratee, thisArg, 3);
	        }
	        if (noIteratee) {
	          var isArr = isArray(collection);
	          if (!isArr && isString(collection)) {
	            iteratee = charAtCallback;
	          } else {
	            return arrayFunc(isArr ? collection : toIterable(collection));
	          }
	        }
	        return extremumBy(collection, iteratee, isMin);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a `_.find` or `_.findLast` function.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} eachFunc The function to iterate over a collection.
	     * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new find function.
	     */
	    function createFind(eachFunc, fromRight) {
	      return function(collection, predicate, thisArg) {
	        predicate = getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3);
	        if (isArray(collection)) {
	          var index = baseFindIndex(collection, predicate, fromRight);
	          return index > -1 ? collection[index] : undefined;
	        }
	        return baseFind(collection, predicate, eachFunc);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a `_.findIndex` or `_.findLastIndex` function.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new find function.
	     */
	    function createFindIndex(fromRight) {
	      return function(array, predicate, thisArg) {
	        if (!(array && array.length)) {
	          return -1;
	        }
	        predicate = getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3);
	        return baseFindIndex(array, predicate, fromRight);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a `_.findKey` or `_.findLastKey` function.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} objectFunc The function to iterate over an object.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new find function.
	     */
	    function createFindKey(objectFunc) {
	      return function(object, predicate, thisArg) {
	        predicate = getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3);
	        return baseFind(object, predicate, objectFunc, true);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a `_.flow` or `_.flowRight` function.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify iterating from right to left.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new flow function.
	     */
	    function createFlow(fromRight) {
	      return function() {
	        var length = arguments.length;
	        if (!length) {
	          return function() { return arguments[0]; };
	        }
	        var wrapper,
	            index = fromRight ? length : -1,
	            leftIndex = 0,
	            funcs = Array(length);

	        while ((fromRight ? index-- : ++index < length)) {
	          var func = funcs[leftIndex++] = arguments[index];
	          if (typeof func != 'function') {
	            throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	          }
	          var funcName = wrapper ? '' : getFuncName(func);
	          wrapper = funcName == 'wrapper' ? new LodashWrapper([]) : wrapper;
	        }
	        index = wrapper ? -1 : length;
	        while (++index < length) {
	          func = funcs[index];
	          funcName = getFuncName(func);

	          var data = funcName == 'wrapper' ? getData(func) : null;
	          if (data && isLaziable(data[0]) && data[1] == (ARY_FLAG | CURRY_FLAG | PARTIAL_FLAG | REARG_FLAG) && !data[4].length && data[9] == 1) {
	            wrapper = wrapper[getFuncName(data[0])].apply(wrapper, data[3]);
	          } else {
	            wrapper = (func.length == 1 && isLaziable(func)) ? wrapper[funcName]() : wrapper.thru(func);
	          }
	        }
	        return function() {
	          var args = arguments;
	          if (wrapper && args.length == 1 && isArray(args[0])) {
	            return wrapper.plant(args[0]).value();
	          }
	          var index = 0,
	              result = funcs[index].apply(this, args);

	          while (++index < length) {
	            result = funcs[index].call(this, result);
	          }
	          return result;
	        };
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function for `_.forEach` or `_.forEachRight`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} arrayFunc The function to iterate over an array.
	     * @param {Function} eachFunc The function to iterate over a collection.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new each function.
	     */
	    function createForEach(arrayFunc, eachFunc) {
	      return function(collection, iteratee, thisArg) {
	        return (typeof iteratee == 'function' && thisArg === undefined && isArray(collection))
	          ? arrayFunc(collection, iteratee)
	          : eachFunc(collection, bindCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 3));
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function for `_.forIn` or `_.forInRight`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} objectFunc The function to iterate over an object.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new each function.
	     */
	    function createForIn(objectFunc) {
	      return function(object, iteratee, thisArg) {
	        if (typeof iteratee != 'function' || thisArg !== undefined) {
	          iteratee = bindCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 3);
	        }
	        return objectFunc(object, iteratee, keysIn);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function for `_.forOwn` or `_.forOwnRight`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} objectFunc The function to iterate over an object.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new each function.
	     */
	    function createForOwn(objectFunc) {
	      return function(object, iteratee, thisArg) {
	        if (typeof iteratee != 'function' || thisArg !== undefined) {
	          iteratee = bindCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 3);
	        }
	        return objectFunc(object, iteratee);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function for `_.mapKeys` or `_.mapValues`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {boolean} [isMapKeys] Specify mapping keys instead of values.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new map function.
	     */
	    function createObjectMapper(isMapKeys) {
	      return function(object, iteratee, thisArg) {
	        var result = {};
	        iteratee = getCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 3);

	        baseForOwn(object, function(value, key, object) {
	          var mapped = iteratee(value, key, object);
	          key = isMapKeys ? mapped : key;
	          value = isMapKeys ? value : mapped;
	          result[key] = value;
	        });
	        return result;
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function for `_.padLeft` or `_.padRight`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {boolean} [fromRight] Specify padding from the right.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new pad function.
	     */
	    function createPadDir(fromRight) {
	      return function(string, length, chars) {
	        string = baseToString(string);
	        return (fromRight ? string : '') + createPadding(string, length, chars) + (fromRight ? '' : string);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a `_.partial` or `_.partialRight` function.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {boolean} flag The partial bit flag.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new partial function.
	     */
	    function createPartial(flag) {
	      var partialFunc = restParam(function(func, partials) {
	        var holders = replaceHolders(partials, partialFunc.placeholder);
	        return createWrapper(func, flag, null, partials, holders);
	      });
	      return partialFunc;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function for `_.reduce` or `_.reduceRight`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} arrayFunc The function to iterate over an array.
	     * @param {Function} eachFunc The function to iterate over a collection.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new each function.
	     */
	    function createReduce(arrayFunc, eachFunc) {
	      return function(collection, iteratee, accumulator, thisArg) {
	        var initFromArray = arguments.length < 3;
	        return (typeof iteratee == 'function' && thisArg === undefined && isArray(collection))
	          ? arrayFunc(collection, iteratee, accumulator, initFromArray)
	          : baseReduce(collection, getCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 4), accumulator, initFromArray, eachFunc);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that wraps `func` and invokes it with optional `this`
	     * binding of, partial application, and currying.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function|string} func The function or method name to reference.
	     * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask of flags. See `createWrapper` for more details.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
	     * @param {Array} [partials] The arguments to prepend to those provided to the new function.
	     * @param {Array} [holders] The `partials` placeholder indexes.
	     * @param {Array} [partialsRight] The arguments to append to those provided to the new function.
	     * @param {Array} [holdersRight] The `partialsRight` placeholder indexes.
	     * @param {Array} [argPos] The argument positions of the new function.
	     * @param {number} [ary] The arity cap of `func`.
	     * @param {number} [arity] The arity of `func`.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
	     */
	    function createHybridWrapper(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders, partialsRight, holdersRight, argPos, ary, arity) {
	      var isAry = bitmask & ARY_FLAG,
	          isBind = bitmask & BIND_FLAG,
	          isBindKey = bitmask & BIND_KEY_FLAG,
	          isCurry = bitmask & CURRY_FLAG,
	          isCurryBound = bitmask & CURRY_BOUND_FLAG,
	          isCurryRight = bitmask & CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG;

	      var Ctor = !isBindKey && createCtorWrapper(func),
	          key = func;

	      function wrapper() {
	        // Avoid `arguments` object use disqualifying optimizations by
	        // converting it to an array before providing it to other functions.
	        var length = arguments.length,
	            index = length,
	            args = Array(length);

	        while (index--) {
	          args[index] = arguments[index];
	        }
	        if (partials) {
	          args = composeArgs(args, partials, holders);
	        }
	        if (partialsRight) {
	          args = composeArgsRight(args, partialsRight, holdersRight);
	        }
	        if (isCurry || isCurryRight) {
	          var placeholder = wrapper.placeholder,
	              argsHolders = replaceHolders(args, placeholder);

	          length -= argsHolders.length;
	          if (length < arity) {
	            var newArgPos = argPos ? arrayCopy(argPos) : null,
	                newArity = nativeMax(arity - length, 0),
	                newsHolders = isCurry ? argsHolders : null,
	                newHoldersRight = isCurry ? null : argsHolders,
	                newPartials = isCurry ? args : null,
	                newPartialsRight = isCurry ? null : args;

	            bitmask |= (isCurry ? PARTIAL_FLAG : PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG);
	            bitmask &= ~(isCurry ? PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG : PARTIAL_FLAG);

	            if (!isCurryBound) {
	              bitmask &= ~(BIND_FLAG | BIND_KEY_FLAG);
	            }
	            var newData = [func, bitmask, thisArg, newPartials, newsHolders, newPartialsRight, newHoldersRight, newArgPos, ary, newArity],
	                result = createHybridWrapper.apply(undefined, newData);

	            if (isLaziable(func)) {
	              setData(result, newData);
	            }
	            result.placeholder = placeholder;
	            return result;
	          }
	        }
	        var thisBinding = isBind ? thisArg : this;
	        if (isBindKey) {
	          func = thisBinding[key];
	        }
	        if (argPos) {
	          args = reorder(args, argPos);
	        }
	        if (isAry && ary < args.length) {
	          args.length = ary;
	        }
	        var fn = (this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper) ? (Ctor || createCtorWrapper(func)) : func;
	        return fn.apply(thisBinding, args);
	      }
	      return wrapper;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates the padding required for `string` based on the given `length`.
	     * The `chars` string is truncated if the number of characters exceeds `length`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {string} string The string to create padding for.
	     * @param {number} [length=0] The padding length.
	     * @param {string} [chars=' '] The string used as padding.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the pad for `string`.
	     */
	    function createPadding(string, length, chars) {
	      var strLength = string.length;
	      length = +length;

	      if (strLength >= length || !nativeIsFinite(length)) {
	        return '';
	      }
	      var padLength = length - strLength;
	      chars = chars == null ? ' ' : (chars + '');
	      return repeat(chars, ceil(padLength / chars.length)).slice(0, padLength);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that wraps `func` and invokes it with the optional `this`
	     * binding of `thisArg` and the `partials` prepended to those provided to
	     * the wrapper.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} func The function to partially apply arguments to.
	     * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask of flags. See `createWrapper` for more details.
	     * @param {*} thisArg The `this` binding of `func`.
	     * @param {Array} partials The arguments to prepend to those provided to the new function.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
	     */
	    function createPartialWrapper(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials) {
	      var isBind = bitmask & BIND_FLAG,
	          Ctor = createCtorWrapper(func);

	      function wrapper() {
	        // Avoid `arguments` object use disqualifying optimizations by
	        // converting it to an array before providing it `func`.
	        var argsIndex = -1,
	            argsLength = arguments.length,
	            leftIndex = -1,
	            leftLength = partials.length,
	            args = Array(argsLength + leftLength);

	        while (++leftIndex < leftLength) {
	          args[leftIndex] = partials[leftIndex];
	        }
	        while (argsLength--) {
	          args[leftIndex++] = arguments[++argsIndex];
	        }
	        var fn = (this && this !== root && this instanceof wrapper) ? Ctor : func;
	        return fn.apply(isBind ? thisArg : this, args);
	      }
	      return wrapper;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a `_.sortedIndex` or `_.sortedLastIndex` function.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {boolean} [retHighest] Specify returning the highest qualified index.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new index function.
	     */
	    function createSortedIndex(retHighest) {
	      return function(array, value, iteratee, thisArg) {
	        var func = getCallback(iteratee);
	        return (func === baseCallback && iteratee == null)
	          ? binaryIndex(array, value, retHighest)
	          : binaryIndexBy(array, value, func(iteratee, thisArg, 1), retHighest);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that either curries or invokes `func` with optional
	     * `this` binding and partially applied arguments.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function|string} func The function or method name to reference.
	     * @param {number} bitmask The bitmask of flags.
	     *  The bitmask may be composed of the following flags:
	     *     1 - `_.bind`
	     *     2 - `_.bindKey`
	     *     4 - `_.curry` or `_.curryRight` of a bound function
	     *     8 - `_.curry`
	     *    16 - `_.curryRight`
	     *    32 - `_.partial`
	     *    64 - `_.partialRight`
	     *   128 - `_.rearg`
	     *   256 - `_.ary`
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
	     * @param {Array} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
	     * @param {Array} [holders] The `partials` placeholder indexes.
	     * @param {Array} [argPos] The argument positions of the new function.
	     * @param {number} [ary] The arity cap of `func`.
	     * @param {number} [arity] The arity of `func`.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new wrapped function.
	     */
	    function createWrapper(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders, argPos, ary, arity) {
	      var isBindKey = bitmask & BIND_KEY_FLAG;
	      if (!isBindKey && typeof func != 'function') {
	        throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	      }
	      var length = partials ? partials.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        bitmask &= ~(PARTIAL_FLAG | PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG);
	        partials = holders = null;
	      }
	      length -= (holders ? holders.length : 0);
	      if (bitmask & PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG) {
	        var partialsRight = partials,
	            holdersRight = holders;

	        partials = holders = null;
	      }
	      var data = isBindKey ? null : getData(func),
	          newData = [func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders, partialsRight, holdersRight, argPos, ary, arity];

	      if (data) {
	        mergeData(newData, data);
	        bitmask = newData[1];
	        arity = newData[9];
	      }
	      newData[9] = arity == null
	        ? (isBindKey ? 0 : func.length)
	        : (nativeMax(arity - length, 0) || 0);

	      if (bitmask == BIND_FLAG) {
	        var result = createBindWrapper(newData[0], newData[2]);
	      } else if ((bitmask == PARTIAL_FLAG || bitmask == (BIND_FLAG | PARTIAL_FLAG)) && !newData[4].length) {
	        result = createPartialWrapper.apply(undefined, newData);
	      } else {
	        result = createHybridWrapper.apply(undefined, newData);
	      }
	      var setter = data ? baseSetData : setData;
	      return setter(result, newData);
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `baseIsEqualDeep` for arrays with support for
	     * partial deep comparisons.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to compare.
	     * @param {Array} other The other array to compare.
	     * @param {Function} equalFunc The function to determine equivalents of values.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize comparing arrays.
	     * @param {boolean} [isLoose] Specify performing partial comparisons.
	     * @param {Array} [stackA] Tracks traversed `value` objects.
	     * @param {Array} [stackB] Tracks traversed `other` objects.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the arrays are equivalent, else `false`.
	     */
	    function equalArrays(array, other, equalFunc, customizer, isLoose, stackA, stackB) {
	      var index = -1,
	          arrLength = array.length,
	          othLength = other.length,
	          result = true;

	      if (arrLength != othLength && !(isLoose && othLength > arrLength)) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      // Deep compare the contents, ignoring non-numeric properties.
	      while (result && ++index < arrLength) {
	        var arrValue = array[index],
	            othValue = other[index];

	        result = undefined;
	        if (customizer) {
	          result = isLoose
	            ? customizer(othValue, arrValue, index)
	            : customizer(arrValue, othValue, index);
	        }
	        if (result === undefined) {
	          // Recursively compare arrays (susceptible to call stack limits).
	          if (isLoose) {
	            var othIndex = othLength;
	            while (othIndex--) {
	              othValue = other[othIndex];
	              result = (arrValue && arrValue === othValue) || equalFunc(arrValue, othValue, customizer, isLoose, stackA, stackB);
	              if (result) {
	                break;
	              }
	            }
	          } else {
	            result = (arrValue && arrValue === othValue) || equalFunc(arrValue, othValue, customizer, isLoose, stackA, stackB);
	          }
	        }
	      }
	      return !!result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `baseIsEqualDeep` for comparing objects of
	     * the same `toStringTag`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This function only supports comparing values with tags of
	     * `Boolean`, `Date`, `Error`, `Number`, `RegExp`, or `String`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} value The object to compare.
	     * @param {Object} other The other object to compare.
	     * @param {string} tag The `toStringTag` of the objects to compare.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the objects are equivalent, else `false`.
	     */
	    function equalByTag(object, other, tag) {
	      switch (tag) {
	        case boolTag:
	        case dateTag:
	          // Coerce dates and booleans to numbers, dates to milliseconds and booleans
	          // to `1` or `0` treating invalid dates coerced to `NaN` as not equal.
	          return +object == +other;

	        case errorTag:
	          return object.name == other.name && object.message == other.message;

	        case numberTag:
	          // Treat `NaN` vs. `NaN` as equal.
	          return (object != +object)
	            ? other != +other
	            : object == +other;

	        case regexpTag:
	        case stringTag:
	          // Coerce regexes to strings and treat strings primitives and string
	          // objects as equal. See https://es5.github.io/#x15.10.6.4 for more details.
	          return object == (other + '');
	      }
	      return false;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `baseIsEqualDeep` for objects with support for
	     * partial deep comparisons.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to compare.
	     * @param {Object} other The other object to compare.
	     * @param {Function} equalFunc The function to determine equivalents of values.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize comparing values.
	     * @param {boolean} [isLoose] Specify performing partial comparisons.
	     * @param {Array} [stackA] Tracks traversed `value` objects.
	     * @param {Array} [stackB] Tracks traversed `other` objects.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the objects are equivalent, else `false`.
	     */
	    function equalObjects(object, other, equalFunc, customizer, isLoose, stackA, stackB) {
	      var objProps = keys(object),
	          objLength = objProps.length,
	          othProps = keys(other),
	          othLength = othProps.length;

	      if (objLength != othLength && !isLoose) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      var skipCtor = isLoose,
	          index = -1;

	      while (++index < objLength) {
	        var key = objProps[index],
	            result = isLoose ? key in other : hasOwnProperty.call(other, key);

	        if (result) {
	          var objValue = object[key],
	              othValue = other[key];

	          result = undefined;
	          if (customizer) {
	            result = isLoose
	              ? customizer(othValue, objValue, key)
	              : customizer(objValue, othValue, key);
	          }
	          if (result === undefined) {
	            // Recursively compare objects (susceptible to call stack limits).
	            result = (objValue && objValue === othValue) || equalFunc(objValue, othValue, customizer, isLoose, stackA, stackB);
	          }
	        }
	        if (!result) {
	          return false;
	        }
	        skipCtor || (skipCtor = key == 'constructor');
	      }
	      if (!skipCtor) {
	        var objCtor = object.constructor,
	            othCtor = other.constructor;

	        // Non `Object` object instances with different constructors are not equal.
	        if (objCtor != othCtor &&
	            ('constructor' in object && 'constructor' in other) &&
	            !(typeof objCtor == 'function' && objCtor instanceof objCtor &&
	              typeof othCtor == 'function' && othCtor instanceof othCtor)) {
	          return false;
	        }
	      }
	      return true;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets the extremum value of `collection` invoking `iteratee` for each value
	     * in `collection` to generate the criterion by which the value is ranked.
	     * The `iteratee` is invoked with three arguments: (value, index, collection).
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} iteratee The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {boolean} [isMin] Specify returning the minimum, instead of the
	     *  maximum, extremum value.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the extremum value.
	     */
	    function extremumBy(collection, iteratee, isMin) {
	      var exValue = isMin ? POSITIVE_INFINITY : NEGATIVE_INFINITY,
	          computed = exValue,
	          result = computed;

	      baseEach(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
	        var current = iteratee(value, index, collection);
	        if ((isMin ? (current < computed) : (current > computed)) ||
	            (current === exValue && current === result)) {
	          computed = current;
	          result = value;
	        }
	      });
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets the appropriate "callback" function. If the `_.callback` method is
	     * customized this function returns the custom method, otherwise it returns
	     * the `baseCallback` function. If arguments are provided the chosen function
	     * is invoked with them and its result is returned.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the chosen function or its result.
	     */
	    function getCallback(func, thisArg, argCount) {
	      var result = lodash.callback || callback;
	      result = result === callback ? baseCallback : result;
	      return argCount ? result(func, thisArg, argCount) : result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets metadata for `func`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} func The function to query.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the metadata for `func`.
	     */
	    var getData = !metaMap ? noop : function(func) {
	      return metaMap.get(func);
	    };

	    /**
	     * Gets the name of `func`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} func The function to query.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the function name.
	     */
	    var getFuncName = (function() {
	      if (!support.funcNames) {
	        return constant('');
	      }
	      if (constant.name == 'constant') {
	        return baseProperty('name');
	      }
	      return function(func) {
	        var result = func.name,
	            array = realNames[result],
	            length = array ? array.length : 0;

	        while (length--) {
	          var data = array[length],
	              otherFunc = data.func;

	          if (otherFunc == null || otherFunc == func) {
	            return data.name;
	          }
	        }
	        return result;
	      };
	    }());

	    /**
	     * Gets the appropriate "indexOf" function. If the `_.indexOf` method is
	     * customized this function returns the custom method, otherwise it returns
	     * the `baseIndexOf` function. If arguments are provided the chosen function
	     * is invoked with them and its result is returned.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @returns {Function|number} Returns the chosen function or its result.
	     */
	    function getIndexOf(collection, target, fromIndex) {
	      var result = lodash.indexOf || indexOf;
	      result = result === indexOf ? baseIndexOf : result;
	      return collection ? result(collection, target, fromIndex) : result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets the "length" property value of `object`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This function is used to avoid a [JIT bug](https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=142792)
	     * that affects Safari on at least iOS 8.1-8.3 ARM64.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the "length" value.
	     */
	    var getLength = baseProperty('length');

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of the own symbols of `object`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the array of symbols.
	     */
	    var getSymbols = !getOwnPropertySymbols ? constant([]) : function(object) {
	      return getOwnPropertySymbols(toObject(object));
	    };

	    /**
	     * Gets the view, applying any `transforms` to the `start` and `end` positions.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {number} start The start of the view.
	     * @param {number} end The end of the view.
	     * @param {Array} [transforms] The transformations to apply to the view.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns an object containing the `start` and `end`
	     *  positions of the view.
	     */
	    function getView(start, end, transforms) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = transforms ? transforms.length : 0;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var data = transforms[index],
	            size = data.size;

	        switch (data.type) {
	          case 'drop':      start += size; break;
	          case 'dropRight': end -= size; break;
	          case 'take':      end = nativeMin(end, start + size); break;
	          case 'takeRight': start = nativeMax(start, end - size); break;
	        }
	      }
	      return { 'start': start, 'end': end };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Initializes an array clone.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to clone.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the initialized clone.
	     */
	    function initCloneArray(array) {
	      var length = array.length,
	          result = new array.constructor(length);

	      // Add array properties assigned by `RegExp#exec`.
	      if (length && typeof array[0] == 'string' && hasOwnProperty.call(array, 'index')) {
	        result.index = array.index;
	        result.input = array.input;
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Initializes an object clone.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to clone.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the initialized clone.
	     */
	    function initCloneObject(object) {
	      var Ctor = object.constructor;
	      if (!(typeof Ctor == 'function' && Ctor instanceof Ctor)) {
	        Ctor = Object;
	      }
	      return new Ctor;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Initializes an object clone based on its `toStringTag`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This function only supports cloning values with tags of
	     * `Boolean`, `Date`, `Error`, `Number`, `RegExp`, or `String`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to clone.
	     * @param {string} tag The `toStringTag` of the object to clone.
	     * @param {boolean} [isDeep] Specify a deep clone.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the initialized clone.
	     */
	    function initCloneByTag(object, tag, isDeep) {
	      var Ctor = object.constructor;
	      switch (tag) {
	        case arrayBufferTag:
	          return bufferClone(object);

	        case boolTag:
	        case dateTag:
	          return new Ctor(+object);

	        case float32Tag: case float64Tag:
	        case int8Tag: case int16Tag: case int32Tag:
	        case uint8Tag: case uint8ClampedTag: case uint16Tag: case uint32Tag:
	          var buffer = object.buffer;
	          return new Ctor(isDeep ? bufferClone(buffer) : buffer, object.byteOffset, object.length);

	        case numberTag:
	        case stringTag:
	          return new Ctor(object);

	        case regexpTag:
	          var result = new Ctor(object.source, reFlags.exec(object));
	          result.lastIndex = object.lastIndex;
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Invokes the method at `path` on `object`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @param {Array|string} path The path of the method to invoke.
	     * @param {Array} args The arguments to invoke the method with.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the result of the invoked method.
	     */
	    function invokePath(object, path, args) {
	      if (object != null && !isKey(path, object)) {
	        path = toPath(path);
	        object = path.length == 1 ? object : baseGet(object, baseSlice(path, 0, -1));
	        path = last(path);
	      }
	      var func = object == null ? object : object[path];
	      return func == null ? undefined : func.apply(object, args);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is array-like.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is array-like, else `false`.
	     */
	    function isArrayLike(value) {
	      return value != null && isLength(getLength(value));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is a valid array-like index.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @param {number} [length=MAX_SAFE_INTEGER] The upper bounds of a valid index.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a valid index, else `false`.
	     */
	    function isIndex(value, length) {
	      value = +value;
	      length = length == null ? MAX_SAFE_INTEGER : length;
	      return value > -1 && value % 1 == 0 && value < length;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if the provided arguments are from an iteratee call.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The potential iteratee value argument.
	     * @param {*} index The potential iteratee index or key argument.
	     * @param {*} object The potential iteratee object argument.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the arguments are from an iteratee call, else `false`.
	     */
	    function isIterateeCall(value, index, object) {
	      if (!isObject(object)) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      var type = typeof index;
	      if (type == 'number'
	          ? (isArrayLike(object) && isIndex(index, object.length))
	          : (type == 'string' && index in object)) {
	        var other = object[index];
	        return value === value ? (value === other) : (other !== other);
	      }
	      return false;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is a property name and not a property path.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @param {Object} [object] The object to query keys on.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a property name, else `false`.
	     */
	    function isKey(value, object) {
	      var type = typeof value;
	      if ((type == 'string' && reIsPlainProp.test(value)) || type == 'number') {
	        return true;
	      }
	      if (isArray(value)) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      var result = !reIsDeepProp.test(value);
	      return result || (object != null && value in toObject(object));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `func` has a lazy counterpart.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} func The function to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `func` has a lazy counterpart, else `false`.
	     */
	    function isLaziable(func) {
	      var funcName = getFuncName(func);
	      return !!funcName && func === lodash[funcName] && funcName in LazyWrapper.prototype;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is a valid array-like length.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This function is based on [`ToLength`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-tolength).
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a valid length, else `false`.
	     */
	    function isLength(value) {
	      return typeof value == 'number' && value > -1 && value % 1 == 0 && value <= MAX_SAFE_INTEGER;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is suitable for strict equality comparisons, i.e. `===`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` if suitable for strict
	     *  equality comparisons, else `false`.
	     */
	    function isStrictComparable(value) {
	      return value === value && !isObject(value);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Merges the function metadata of `source` into `data`.
	     *
	     * Merging metadata reduces the number of wrappers required to invoke a function.
	     * This is possible because methods like `_.bind`, `_.curry`, and `_.partial`
	     * may be applied regardless of execution order. Methods like `_.ary` and `_.rearg`
	     * augment function arguments, making the order in which they are executed important,
	     * preventing the merging of metadata. However, we make an exception for a safe
	     * common case where curried functions have `_.ary` and or `_.rearg` applied.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} data The destination metadata.
	     * @param {Array} source The source metadata.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns `data`.
	     */
	    function mergeData(data, source) {
	      var bitmask = data[1],
	          srcBitmask = source[1],
	          newBitmask = bitmask | srcBitmask,
	          isCommon = newBitmask < ARY_FLAG;

	      var isCombo =
	        (srcBitmask == ARY_FLAG && bitmask == CURRY_FLAG) ||
	        (srcBitmask == ARY_FLAG && bitmask == REARG_FLAG && data[7].length <= source[8]) ||
	        (srcBitmask == (ARY_FLAG | REARG_FLAG) && bitmask == CURRY_FLAG);

	      // Exit early if metadata can't be merged.
	      if (!(isCommon || isCombo)) {
	        return data;
	      }
	      // Use source `thisArg` if available.
	      if (srcBitmask & BIND_FLAG) {
	        data[2] = source[2];
	        // Set when currying a bound function.
	        newBitmask |= (bitmask & BIND_FLAG) ? 0 : CURRY_BOUND_FLAG;
	      }
	      // Compose partial arguments.
	      var value = source[3];
	      if (value) {
	        var partials = data[3];
	        data[3] = partials ? composeArgs(partials, value, source[4]) : arrayCopy(value);
	        data[4] = partials ? replaceHolders(data[3], PLACEHOLDER) : arrayCopy(source[4]);
	      }
	      // Compose partial right arguments.
	      value = source[5];
	      if (value) {
	        partials = data[5];
	        data[5] = partials ? composeArgsRight(partials, value, source[6]) : arrayCopy(value);
	        data[6] = partials ? replaceHolders(data[5], PLACEHOLDER) : arrayCopy(source[6]);
	      }
	      // Use source `argPos` if available.
	      value = source[7];
	      if (value) {
	        data[7] = arrayCopy(value);
	      }
	      // Use source `ary` if it's smaller.
	      if (srcBitmask & ARY_FLAG) {
	        data[8] = data[8] == null ? source[8] : nativeMin(data[8], source[8]);
	      }
	      // Use source `arity` if one is not provided.
	      if (data[9] == null) {
	        data[9] = source[9];
	      }
	      // Use source `func` and merge bitmasks.
	      data[0] = source[0];
	      data[1] = newBitmask;

	      return data;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.pick` which picks `object` properties specified
	     * by `props`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The source object.
	     * @param {string[]} props The property names to pick.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
	     */
	    function pickByArray(object, props) {
	      object = toObject(object);

	      var index = -1,
	          length = props.length,
	          result = {};

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var key = props[index];
	        if (key in object) {
	          result[key] = object[key];
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A specialized version of `_.pick` which picks `object` properties `predicate`
	     * returns truthy for.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The source object.
	     * @param {Function} predicate The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
	     */
	    function pickByCallback(object, predicate) {
	      var result = {};
	      baseForIn(object, function(value, key, object) {
	        if (predicate(value, key, object)) {
	          result[key] = value;
	        }
	      });
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Reorder `array` according to the specified indexes where the element at
	     * the first index is assigned as the first element, the element at
	     * the second index is assigned as the second element, and so on.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Array} array The array to reorder.
	     * @param {Array} indexes The arranged array indexes.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
	     */
	    function reorder(array, indexes) {
	      var arrLength = array.length,
	          length = nativeMin(indexes.length, arrLength),
	          oldArray = arrayCopy(array);

	      while (length--) {
	        var index = indexes[length];
	        array[length] = isIndex(index, arrLength) ? oldArray[index] : undefined;
	      }
	      return array;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Sets metadata for `func`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** If this function becomes hot, i.e. is invoked a lot in a short
	     * period of time, it will trip its breaker and transition to an identity function
	     * to avoid garbage collection pauses in V8. See [V8 issue 2070](https://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=2070)
	     * for more details.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Function} func The function to associate metadata with.
	     * @param {*} data The metadata.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns `func`.
	     */
	    var setData = (function() {
	      var count = 0,
	          lastCalled = 0;

	      return function(key, value) {
	        var stamp = now(),
	            remaining = HOT_SPAN - (stamp - lastCalled);

	        lastCalled = stamp;
	        if (remaining > 0) {
	          if (++count >= HOT_COUNT) {
	            return key;
	          }
	        } else {
	          count = 0;
	        }
	        return baseSetData(key, value);
	      };
	    }());

	    /**
	     * A fallback implementation of `_.isPlainObject` which checks if `value`
	     * is an object created by the `Object` constructor or has a `[[Prototype]]`
	     * of `null`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a plain object, else `false`.
	     */
	    function shimIsPlainObject(value) {
	      var Ctor,
	          support = lodash.support;

	      // Exit early for non `Object` objects.
	      if (!(isObjectLike(value) && objToString.call(value) == objectTag) ||
	          (!hasOwnProperty.call(value, 'constructor') &&
	            (Ctor = value.constructor, typeof Ctor == 'function' && !(Ctor instanceof Ctor)))) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      // IE < 9 iterates inherited properties before own properties. If the first
	      // iterated property is an object's own property then there are no inherited
	      // enumerable properties.
	      var result;
	      // In most environments an object's own properties are iterated before
	      // its inherited properties. If the last iterated property is an object's
	      // own property then there are no inherited enumerable properties.
	      baseForIn(value, function(subValue, key) {
	        result = key;
	      });
	      return result === undefined || hasOwnProperty.call(value, result);
	    }

	    /**
	     * A fallback implementation of `Object.keys` which creates an array of the
	     * own enumerable property names of `object`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names.
	     */
	    function shimKeys(object) {
	      var props = keysIn(object),
	          propsLength = props.length,
	          length = propsLength && object.length,
	          support = lodash.support;

	      var allowIndexes = length && isLength(length) &&
	        (isArray(object) || (support.nonEnumArgs && isArguments(object)));

	      var index = -1,
	          result = [];

	      while (++index < propsLength) {
	        var key = props[index];
	        if ((allowIndexes && isIndex(key, length)) || hasOwnProperty.call(object, key)) {
	          result.push(key);
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Converts `value` to an array-like object if it is not one.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to process.
	     * @returns {Array|Object} Returns the array-like object.
	     */
	    function toIterable(value) {
	      if (value == null) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (!isArrayLike(value)) {
	        return values(value);
	      }
	      return isObject(value) ? value : Object(value);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Converts `value` to an object if it is not one.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to process.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the object.
	     */
	    function toObject(value) {
	      return isObject(value) ? value : Object(value);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Converts `value` to property path array if it is not one.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {*} value The value to process.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the property path array.
	     */
	    function toPath(value) {
	      if (isArray(value)) {
	        return value;
	      }
	      var result = [];
	      baseToString(value).replace(rePropName, function(match, number, quote, string) {
	        result.push(quote ? string.replace(reEscapeChar, '$1') : (number || match));
	      });
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a clone of `wrapper`.
	     *
	     * @private
	     * @param {Object} wrapper The wrapper to clone.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the cloned wrapper.
	     */
	    function wrapperClone(wrapper) {
	      return wrapper instanceof LazyWrapper
	        ? wrapper.clone()
	        : new LodashWrapper(wrapper.__wrapped__, wrapper.__chain__, arrayCopy(wrapper.__actions__));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of elements split into groups the length of `size`.
	     * If `collection` can't be split evenly, the final chunk will be the remaining
	     * elements.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to process.
	     * @param {number} [size=1] The length of each chunk.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array containing chunks.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.chunk(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], 2);
	     * // => [['a', 'b'], ['c', 'd']]
	     *
	     * _.chunk(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], 3);
	     * // => [['a', 'b', 'c'], ['d']]
	     */
	    function chunk(array, size, guard) {
	      if (guard ? isIterateeCall(array, size, guard) : size == null) {
	        size = 1;
	      } else {
	        size = nativeMax(+size || 1, 1);
	      }
	      var index = 0,
	          length = array ? array.length : 0,
	          resIndex = -1,
	          result = Array(ceil(length / size));

	      while (index < length) {
	        result[++resIndex] = baseSlice(array, index, (index += size));
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array with all falsey values removed. The values `false`, `null`,
	     * `0`, `""`, `undefined`, and `NaN` are falsey.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to compact.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.compact([0, 1, false, 2, '', 3]);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     */
	    function compact(array) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = array ? array.length : 0,
	          resIndex = -1,
	          result = [];

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var value = array[index];
	        if (value) {
	          result[++resIndex] = value;
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array excluding all values of the provided arrays using
	     * [`SameValueZero`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-samevaluezero)
	     * for equality comparisons.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
	     * @param {...Array} [values] The arrays of values to exclude.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.difference([1, 2, 3], [4, 2]);
	     * // => [1, 3]
	     */
	    var difference = restParam(function(array, values) {
	      return isArrayLike(array)
	        ? baseDifference(array, baseFlatten(values, false, true))
	        : [];
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates a slice of `array` with `n` elements dropped from the beginning.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @param {number} [n=1] The number of elements to drop.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.drop([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => [2, 3]
	     *
	     * _.drop([1, 2, 3], 2);
	     * // => [3]
	     *
	     * _.drop([1, 2, 3], 5);
	     * // => []
	     *
	     * _.drop([1, 2, 3], 0);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     */
	    function drop(array, n, guard) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (guard ? isIterateeCall(array, n, guard) : n == null) {
	        n = 1;
	      }
	      return baseSlice(array, n < 0 ? 0 : n);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a slice of `array` with `n` elements dropped from the end.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @param {number} [n=1] The number of elements to drop.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.dropRight([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => [1, 2]
	     *
	     * _.dropRight([1, 2, 3], 2);
	     * // => [1]
	     *
	     * _.dropRight([1, 2, 3], 5);
	     * // => []
	     *
	     * _.dropRight([1, 2, 3], 0);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     */
	    function dropRight(array, n, guard) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (guard ? isIterateeCall(array, n, guard) : n == null) {
	        n = 1;
	      }
	      n = length - (+n || 0);
	      return baseSlice(array, 0, n < 0 ? 0 : n);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a slice of `array` excluding elements dropped from the end.
	     * Elements are dropped until `predicate` returns falsey. The predicate is
	     * bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments: (value, index, array).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that match the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.dropRightWhile([1, 2, 3], function(n) {
	     *   return n > 1;
	     * });
	     * // => [1]
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': true },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': false }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.dropRightWhile(users, { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': false }), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney', 'fred']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.dropRightWhile(users, 'active', false), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.dropRightWhile(users, 'active'), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney', 'fred', 'pebbles']
	     */
	    function dropRightWhile(array, predicate, thisArg) {
	      return (array && array.length)
	        ? baseWhile(array, getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3), true, true)
	        : [];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a slice of `array` excluding elements dropped from the beginning.
	     * Elements are dropped until `predicate` returns falsey. The predicate is
	     * bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments: (value, index, array).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.dropWhile([1, 2, 3], function(n) {
	     *   return n < 3;
	     * });
	     * // => [3]
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': true }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.dropWhile(users, { 'user': 'barney', 'active': false }), 'user');
	     * // => ['fred', 'pebbles']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.dropWhile(users, 'active', false), 'user');
	     * // => ['pebbles']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.dropWhile(users, 'active'), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney', 'fred', 'pebbles']
	     */
	    function dropWhile(array, predicate, thisArg) {
	      return (array && array.length)
	        ? baseWhile(array, getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3), true)
	        : [];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Fills elements of `array` with `value` from `start` up to, but not
	     * including, `end`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method mutates `array`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to fill.
	     * @param {*} value The value to fill `array` with.
	     * @param {number} [start=0] The start position.
	     * @param {number} [end=array.length] The end position.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var array = [1, 2, 3];
	     *
	     * _.fill(array, 'a');
	     * console.log(array);
	     * // => ['a', 'a', 'a']
	     *
	     * _.fill(Array(3), 2);
	     * // => [2, 2, 2]
	     *
	     * _.fill([4, 6, 8], '*', 1, 2);
	     * // => [4, '*', 8]
	     */
	    function fill(array, value, start, end) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (start && typeof start != 'number' && isIterateeCall(array, value, start)) {
	        start = 0;
	        end = length;
	      }
	      return baseFill(array, value, start, end);
	    }

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.find` except that it returns the index of the first
	     * element `predicate` returns truthy for instead of the element itself.
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to search.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the index of the found element, else `-1`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': true }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.findIndex(users, function(chr) {
	     *   return chr.user == 'barney';
	     * });
	     * // => 0
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.findIndex(users, { 'user': 'fred', 'active': false });
	     * // => 1
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.findIndex(users, 'active', false);
	     * // => 0
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.findIndex(users, 'active');
	     * // => 2
	     */
	    var findIndex = createFindIndex();

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.findIndex` except that it iterates over elements
	     * of `collection` from right to left.
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to search.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the index of the found element, else `-1`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': true },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': false }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.findLastIndex(users, function(chr) {
	     *   return chr.user == 'pebbles';
	     * });
	     * // => 2
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.findLastIndex(users, { 'user': 'barney', 'active': true });
	     * // => 0
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.findLastIndex(users, 'active', false);
	     * // => 2
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.findLastIndex(users, 'active');
	     * // => 0
	     */
	    var findLastIndex = createFindIndex(true);

	    /**
	     * Gets the first element of `array`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias head
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the first element of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.first([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => 1
	     *
	     * _.first([]);
	     * // => undefined
	     */
	    function first(array) {
	      return array ? array[0] : undefined;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Flattens a nested array. If `isDeep` is `true` the array is recursively
	     * flattened, otherwise it is only flattened a single level.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to flatten.
	     * @param {boolean} [isDeep] Specify a deep flatten.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new flattened array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.flatten([1, [2, 3, [4]]]);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3, [4]]
	     *
	     * // using `isDeep`
	     * _.flatten([1, [2, 3, [4]]], true);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3, 4]
	     */
	    function flatten(array, isDeep, guard) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (guard && isIterateeCall(array, isDeep, guard)) {
	        isDeep = false;
	      }
	      return length ? baseFlatten(array, isDeep) : [];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Recursively flattens a nested array.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to recursively flatten.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new flattened array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.flattenDeep([1, [2, 3, [4]]]);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3, 4]
	     */
	    function flattenDeep(array) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      return length ? baseFlatten(array, true) : [];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets the index at which the first occurrence of `value` is found in `array`
	     * using [`SameValueZero`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-samevaluezero)
	     * for equality comparisons. If `fromIndex` is negative, it is used as the offset
	     * from the end of `array`. If `array` is sorted providing `true` for `fromIndex`
	     * performs a faster binary search.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to search.
	     * @param {*} value The value to search for.
	     * @param {boolean|number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from or `true`
	     *  to perform a binary search on a sorted array.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.indexOf([1, 2, 1, 2], 2);
	     * // => 1
	     *
	     * // using `fromIndex`
	     * _.indexOf([1, 2, 1, 2], 2, 2);
	     * // => 3
	     *
	     * // performing a binary search
	     * _.indexOf([1, 1, 2, 2], 2, true);
	     * // => 2
	     */
	    function indexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        return -1;
	      }
	      if (typeof fromIndex == 'number') {
	        fromIndex = fromIndex < 0 ? nativeMax(length + fromIndex, 0) : fromIndex;
	      } else if (fromIndex) {
	        var index = binaryIndex(array, value),
	            other = array[index];

	        if (value === value ? (value === other) : (other !== other)) {
	          return index;
	        }
	        return -1;
	      }
	      return baseIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex || 0);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets all but the last element of `array`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.initial([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => [1, 2]
	     */
	    function initial(array) {
	      return dropRight(array, 1);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of unique values in all provided arrays using
	     * [`SameValueZero`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-samevaluezero)
	     * for equality comparisons.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of shared values.
	     * @example
	     * _.intersection([1, 2], [4, 2], [2, 1]);
	     * // => [2]
	     */
	    function intersection() {
	      var args = [],
	          argsIndex = -1,
	          argsLength = arguments.length,
	          caches = [],
	          indexOf = getIndexOf(),
	          isCommon = indexOf == baseIndexOf,
	          result = [];

	      while (++argsIndex < argsLength) {
	        var value = arguments[argsIndex];
	        if (isArrayLike(value)) {
	          args.push(value);
	          caches.push((isCommon && value.length >= 120) ? createCache(argsIndex && value) : null);
	        }
	      }
	      argsLength = args.length;
	      if (argsLength < 2) {
	        return result;
	      }
	      var array = args[0],
	          index = -1,
	          length = array ? array.length : 0,
	          seen = caches[0];

	      outer:
	      while (++index < length) {
	        value = array[index];
	        if ((seen ? cacheIndexOf(seen, value) : indexOf(result, value, 0)) < 0) {
	          argsIndex = argsLength;
	          while (--argsIndex) {
	            var cache = caches[argsIndex];
	            if ((cache ? cacheIndexOf(cache, value) : indexOf(args[argsIndex], value, 0)) < 0) {
	              continue outer;
	            }
	          }
	          if (seen) {
	            seen.push(value);
	          }
	          result.push(value);
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets the last element of `array`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the last element of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.last([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => 3
	     */
	    function last(array) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      return length ? array[length - 1] : undefined;
	    }

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.indexOf` except that it iterates over elements of
	     * `array` from right to left.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to search.
	     * @param {*} value The value to search for.
	     * @param {boolean|number} [fromIndex=array.length-1] The index to search from
	     *  or `true` to perform a binary search on a sorted array.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the index of the matched value, else `-1`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.lastIndexOf([1, 2, 1, 2], 2);
	     * // => 3
	     *
	     * // using `fromIndex`
	     * _.lastIndexOf([1, 2, 1, 2], 2, 2);
	     * // => 1
	     *
	     * // performing a binary search
	     * _.lastIndexOf([1, 1, 2, 2], 2, true);
	     * // => 3
	     */
	    function lastIndexOf(array, value, fromIndex) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        return -1;
	      }
	      var index = length;
	      if (typeof fromIndex == 'number') {
	        index = (fromIndex < 0 ? nativeMax(length + fromIndex, 0) : nativeMin(fromIndex || 0, length - 1)) + 1;
	      } else if (fromIndex) {
	        index = binaryIndex(array, value, true) - 1;
	        var other = array[index];
	        if (value === value ? (value === other) : (other !== other)) {
	          return index;
	        }
	        return -1;
	      }
	      if (value !== value) {
	        return indexOfNaN(array, index, true);
	      }
	      while (index--) {
	        if (array[index] === value) {
	          return index;
	        }
	      }
	      return -1;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Removes all provided values from `array` using
	     * [`SameValueZero`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-samevaluezero)
	     * for equality comparisons.
	     *
	     * **Note:** Unlike `_.without`, this method mutates `array`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
	     * @param {...*} [values] The values to remove.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var array = [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3];
	     *
	     * _.pull(array, 2, 3);
	     * console.log(array);
	     * // => [1, 1]
	     */
	    function pull() {
	      var args = arguments,
	          array = args[0];

	      if (!(array && array.length)) {
	        return array;
	      }
	      var index = 0,
	          indexOf = getIndexOf(),
	          length = args.length;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var fromIndex = 0,
	            value = args[index];

	        while ((fromIndex = indexOf(array, value, fromIndex)) > -1) {
	          splice.call(array, fromIndex, 1);
	        }
	      }
	      return array;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Removes elements from `array` corresponding to the given indexes and returns
	     * an array of the removed elements. Indexes may be specified as an array of
	     * indexes or as individual arguments.
	     *
	     * **Note:** Unlike `_.at`, this method mutates `array`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
	     * @param {...(number|number[])} [indexes] The indexes of elements to remove,
	     *  specified as individual indexes or arrays of indexes.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of removed elements.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var array = [5, 10, 15, 20];
	     * var evens = _.pullAt(array, 1, 3);
	     *
	     * console.log(array);
	     * // => [5, 15]
	     *
	     * console.log(evens);
	     * // => [10, 20]
	     */
	    var pullAt = restParam(function(array, indexes) {
	      indexes = baseFlatten(indexes);

	      var result = baseAt(array, indexes);
	      basePullAt(array, indexes.sort(baseCompareAscending));
	      return result;
	    });

	    /**
	     * Removes all elements from `array` that `predicate` returns truthy for
	     * and returns an array of the removed elements. The predicate is bound to
	     * `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments: (value, index, array).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** Unlike `_.filter`, this method mutates `array`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to modify.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of removed elements.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var array = [1, 2, 3, 4];
	     * var evens = _.remove(array, function(n) {
	     *   return n % 2 == 0;
	     * });
	     *
	     * console.log(array);
	     * // => [1, 3]
	     *
	     * console.log(evens);
	     * // => [2, 4]
	     */
	    function remove(array, predicate, thisArg) {
	      var result = [];
	      if (!(array && array.length)) {
	        return result;
	      }
	      var index = -1,
	          indexes = [],
	          length = array.length;

	      predicate = getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3);
	      while (++index < length) {
	        var value = array[index];
	        if (predicate(value, index, array)) {
	          result.push(value);
	          indexes.push(index);
	        }
	      }
	      basePullAt(array, indexes);
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets all but the first element of `array`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias tail
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.rest([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => [2, 3]
	     */
	    function rest(array) {
	      return drop(array, 1);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a slice of `array` from `start` up to, but not including, `end`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method is used instead of `Array#slice` to support node
	     * lists in IE < 9 and to ensure dense arrays are returned.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to slice.
	     * @param {number} [start=0] The start position.
	     * @param {number} [end=array.length] The end position.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     */
	    function slice(array, start, end) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (end && typeof end != 'number' && isIterateeCall(array, start, end)) {
	        start = 0;
	        end = length;
	      }
	      return baseSlice(array, start, end);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Uses a binary search to determine the lowest index at which `value` should
	     * be inserted into `array` in order to maintain its sort order. If an iteratee
	     * function is provided it is invoked for `value` and each element of `array`
	     * to compute their sort ranking. The iteratee is bound to `thisArg` and
	     * invoked with one argument; (value).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The sorted array to inspect.
	     * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
	     *  into `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.sortedIndex([30, 50], 40);
	     * // => 1
	     *
	     * _.sortedIndex([4, 4, 5, 5], 5);
	     * // => 2
	     *
	     * var dict = { 'data': { 'thirty': 30, 'forty': 40, 'fifty': 50 } };
	     *
	     * // using an iteratee function
	     * _.sortedIndex(['thirty', 'fifty'], 'forty', function(word) {
	     *   return this.data[word];
	     * }, dict);
	     * // => 1
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.sortedIndex([{ 'x': 30 }, { 'x': 50 }], { 'x': 40 }, 'x');
	     * // => 1
	     */
	    var sortedIndex = createSortedIndex();

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.sortedIndex` except that it returns the highest
	     * index at which `value` should be inserted into `array` in order to
	     * maintain its sort order.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The sorted array to inspect.
	     * @param {*} value The value to evaluate.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the index at which `value` should be inserted
	     *  into `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.sortedLastIndex([4, 4, 5, 5], 5);
	     * // => 4
	     */
	    var sortedLastIndex = createSortedIndex(true);

	    /**
	     * Creates a slice of `array` with `n` elements taken from the beginning.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @param {number} [n=1] The number of elements to take.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.take([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => [1]
	     *
	     * _.take([1, 2, 3], 2);
	     * // => [1, 2]
	     *
	     * _.take([1, 2, 3], 5);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     *
	     * _.take([1, 2, 3], 0);
	     * // => []
	     */
	    function take(array, n, guard) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (guard ? isIterateeCall(array, n, guard) : n == null) {
	        n = 1;
	      }
	      return baseSlice(array, 0, n < 0 ? 0 : n);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a slice of `array` with `n` elements taken from the end.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @param {number} [n=1] The number of elements to take.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.takeRight([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => [3]
	     *
	     * _.takeRight([1, 2, 3], 2);
	     * // => [2, 3]
	     *
	     * _.takeRight([1, 2, 3], 5);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     *
	     * _.takeRight([1, 2, 3], 0);
	     * // => []
	     */
	    function takeRight(array, n, guard) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (guard ? isIterateeCall(array, n, guard) : n == null) {
	        n = 1;
	      }
	      n = length - (+n || 0);
	      return baseSlice(array, n < 0 ? 0 : n);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a slice of `array` with elements taken from the end. Elements are
	     * taken until `predicate` returns falsey. The predicate is bound to `thisArg`
	     * and invoked with three arguments: (value, index, array).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.takeRightWhile([1, 2, 3], function(n) {
	     *   return n > 1;
	     * });
	     * // => [2, 3]
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': true },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': false }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.takeRightWhile(users, { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': false }), 'user');
	     * // => ['pebbles']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.takeRightWhile(users, 'active', false), 'user');
	     * // => ['fred', 'pebbles']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.takeRightWhile(users, 'active'), 'user');
	     * // => []
	     */
	    function takeRightWhile(array, predicate, thisArg) {
	      return (array && array.length)
	        ? baseWhile(array, getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3), false, true)
	        : [];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a slice of `array` with elements taken from the beginning. Elements
	     * are taken until `predicate` returns falsey. The predicate is bound to
	     * `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments: (value, index, array).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to query.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the slice of `array`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.takeWhile([1, 2, 3], function(n) {
	     *   return n < 3;
	     * });
	     * // => [1, 2]
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney',  'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',    'active': false},
	     *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'active': true }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.takeWhile(users, { 'user': 'barney', 'active': false }), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.takeWhile(users, 'active', false), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney', 'fred']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.takeWhile(users, 'active'), 'user');
	     * // => []
	     */
	    function takeWhile(array, predicate, thisArg) {
	      return (array && array.length)
	        ? baseWhile(array, getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3))
	        : [];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of unique values, in order, of the provided arrays using
	     * [`SameValueZero`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-samevaluezero)
	     * for equality comparisons.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of combined values.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.union([1, 2], [4, 2], [2, 1]);
	     * // => [1, 2, 4]
	     */
	    var union = restParam(function(arrays) {
	      return baseUniq(baseFlatten(arrays, false, true));
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates a duplicate-free version of an array, using
	     * [`SameValueZero`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-samevaluezero)
	     * for equality comparisons, in which only the first occurence of each element
	     * is kept. Providing `true` for `isSorted` performs a faster search algorithm
	     * for sorted arrays. If an iteratee function is provided it is invoked for
	     * each element in the array to generate the criterion by which uniqueness
	     * is computed. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
	     * arguments: (value, index, array).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias unique
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to inspect.
	     * @param {boolean} [isSorted] Specify the array is sorted.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new duplicate-value-free array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.uniq([2, 1, 2]);
	     * // => [2, 1]
	     *
	     * // using `isSorted`
	     * _.uniq([1, 1, 2], true);
	     * // => [1, 2]
	     *
	     * // using an iteratee function
	     * _.uniq([1, 2.5, 1.5, 2], function(n) {
	     *   return this.floor(n);
	     * }, Math);
	     * // => [1, 2.5]
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.uniq([{ 'x': 1 }, { 'x': 2 }, { 'x': 1 }], 'x');
	     * // => [{ 'x': 1 }, { 'x': 2 }]
	     */
	    function uniq(array, isSorted, iteratee, thisArg) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (isSorted != null && typeof isSorted != 'boolean') {
	        thisArg = iteratee;
	        iteratee = isIterateeCall(array, isSorted, thisArg) ? null : isSorted;
	        isSorted = false;
	      }
	      var func = getCallback();
	      if (!(func === baseCallback && iteratee == null)) {
	        iteratee = func(iteratee, thisArg, 3);
	      }
	      return (isSorted && getIndexOf() == baseIndexOf)
	        ? sortedUniq(array, iteratee)
	        : baseUniq(array, iteratee);
	    }

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.zip` except that it accepts an array of grouped
	     * elements and creates an array regrouping the elements to their pre-zip
	     * configuration.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array of grouped elements to process.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of regrouped elements.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var zipped = _.zip(['fred', 'barney'], [30, 40], [true, false]);
	     * // => [['fred', 30, true], ['barney', 40, false]]
	     *
	     * _.unzip(zipped);
	     * // => [['fred', 'barney'], [30, 40], [true, false]]
	     */
	    function unzip(array) {
	      if (!(array && array.length)) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      var index = -1,
	          length = 0;

	      array = arrayFilter(array, function(group) {
	        if (isArrayLike(group)) {
	          length = nativeMax(group.length, length);
	          return true;
	        }
	      });
	      var result = Array(length);
	      while (++index < length) {
	        result[index] = arrayMap(array, baseProperty(index));
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.unzip` except that it accepts an iteratee to specify
	     * how regrouped values should be combined. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg`
	     * and invoked with four arguments: (accumulator, value, index, group).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array of grouped elements to process.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee] The function to combine regrouped values.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of regrouped elements.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var zipped = _.zip([1, 2], [10, 20], [100, 200]);
	     * // => [[1, 10, 100], [2, 20, 200]]
	     *
	     * _.unzipWith(zipped, _.add);
	     * // => [3, 30, 300]
	     */
	    function unzipWith(array, iteratee, thisArg) {
	      var length = array ? array.length : 0;
	      if (!length) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      var result = unzip(array);
	      if (iteratee == null) {
	        return result;
	      }
	      iteratee = bindCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 4);
	      return arrayMap(result, function(group) {
	        return arrayReduce(group, iteratee, undefined, true);
	      });
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array excluding all provided values using
	     * [`SameValueZero`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-samevaluezero)
	     * for equality comparisons.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} array The array to filter.
	     * @param {...*} [values] The values to exclude.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of filtered values.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.without([1, 2, 1, 3], 1, 2);
	     * // => [3]
	     */
	    var without = restParam(function(array, values) {
	      return isArrayLike(array)
	        ? baseDifference(array, values)
	        : [];
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates an array that is the [symmetric difference](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_difference)
	     * of the provided arrays.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to inspect.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of values.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.xor([1, 2], [4, 2]);
	     * // => [1, 4]
	     */
	    function xor() {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = arguments.length;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var array = arguments[index];
	        if (isArrayLike(array)) {
	          var result = result
	            ? baseDifference(result, array).concat(baseDifference(array, result))
	            : array;
	        }
	      }
	      return result ? baseUniq(result) : [];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of grouped elements, the first of which contains the first
	     * elements of the given arrays, the second of which contains the second elements
	     * of the given arrays, and so on.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to process.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of grouped elements.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.zip(['fred', 'barney'], [30, 40], [true, false]);
	     * // => [['fred', 30, true], ['barney', 40, false]]
	     */
	    var zip = restParam(unzip);

	    /**
	     * The inverse of `_.pairs`; this method returns an object composed from arrays
	     * of property names and values. Provide either a single two dimensional array,
	     * e.g. `[[key1, value1], [key2, value2]]` or two arrays, one of property names
	     * and one of corresponding values.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias object
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {Array} props The property names.
	     * @param {Array} [values=[]] The property values.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.zipObject([['fred', 30], ['barney', 40]]);
	     * // => { 'fred': 30, 'barney': 40 }
	     *
	     * _.zipObject(['fred', 'barney'], [30, 40]);
	     * // => { 'fred': 30, 'barney': 40 }
	     */
	    function zipObject(props, values) {
	      var index = -1,
	          length = props ? props.length : 0,
	          result = {};

	      if (length && !values && !isArray(props[0])) {
	        values = [];
	      }
	      while (++index < length) {
	        var key = props[index];
	        if (values) {
	          result[key] = values[index];
	        } else if (key) {
	          result[key[0]] = key[1];
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.zip` except that it accepts an iteratee to specify
	     * how grouped values should be combined. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg`
	     * and invoked with four arguments: (accumulator, value, index, group).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Array
	     * @param {...Array} [arrays] The arrays to process.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee] The function to combine grouped values.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of grouped elements.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.zipWith([1, 2], [10, 20], [100, 200], _.add);
	     * // => [111, 222]
	     */
	    var zipWith = restParam(function(arrays) {
	      var length = arrays.length,
	          iteratee = arrays[length - 2],
	          thisArg = arrays[length - 1];

	      if (length > 2 && typeof iteratee == 'function') {
	        length -= 2;
	      } else {
	        iteratee = (length > 1 && typeof thisArg == 'function') ? (--length, thisArg) : undefined;
	        thisArg = undefined;
	      }
	      arrays.length = length;
	      return unzipWith(arrays, iteratee, thisArg);
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates a `lodash` object that wraps `value` with explicit method
	     * chaining enabled.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Chain
	     * @param {*} value The value to wrap.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney',  'age': 36 },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',    'age': 40 },
	     *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'age': 1 }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * var youngest = _.chain(users)
	     *   .sortBy('age')
	     *   .map(function(chr) {
	     *     return chr.user + ' is ' + chr.age;
	     *   })
	     *   .first()
	     *   .value();
	     * // => 'pebbles is 1'
	     */
	    function chain(value) {
	      var result = lodash(value);
	      result.__chain__ = true;
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * This method invokes `interceptor` and returns `value`. The interceptor is
	     * bound to `thisArg` and invoked with one argument; (value). The purpose of
	     * this method is to "tap into" a method chain in order to perform operations
	     * on intermediate results within the chain.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Chain
	     * @param {*} value The value to provide to `interceptor`.
	     * @param {Function} interceptor The function to invoke.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `interceptor`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns `value`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _([1, 2, 3])
	     *  .tap(function(array) {
	     *    array.pop();
	     *  })
	     *  .reverse()
	     *  .value();
	     * // => [2, 1]
	     */
	    function tap(value, interceptor, thisArg) {
	      interceptor.call(thisArg, value);
	      return value;
	    }

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.tap` except that it returns the result of `interceptor`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Chain
	     * @param {*} value The value to provide to `interceptor`.
	     * @param {Function} interceptor The function to invoke.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `interceptor`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the result of `interceptor`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _('  abc  ')
	     *  .chain()
	     *  .trim()
	     *  .thru(function(value) {
	     *    return [value];
	     *  })
	     *  .value();
	     * // => ['abc']
	     */
	    function thru(value, interceptor, thisArg) {
	      return interceptor.call(thisArg, value);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Enables explicit method chaining on the wrapper object.
	     *
	     * @name chain
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Chain
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // without explicit chaining
	     * _(users).first();
	     * // => { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 }
	     *
	     * // with explicit chaining
	     * _(users).chain()
	     *   .first()
	     *   .pick('user')
	     *   .value();
	     * // => { 'user': 'barney' }
	     */
	    function wrapperChain() {
	      return chain(this);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Executes the chained sequence and returns the wrapped result.
	     *
	     * @name commit
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Chain
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var array = [1, 2];
	     * var wrapper = _(array).push(3);
	     *
	     * console.log(array);
	     * // => [1, 2]
	     *
	     * wrapper = wrapper.commit();
	     * console.log(array);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     *
	     * wrapper.last();
	     * // => 3
	     *
	     * console.log(array);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     */
	    function wrapperCommit() {
	      return new LodashWrapper(this.value(), this.__chain__);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a clone of the chained sequence planting `value` as the wrapped value.
	     *
	     * @name plant
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Chain
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new `lodash` wrapper instance.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var array = [1, 2];
	     * var wrapper = _(array).map(function(value) {
	     *   return Math.pow(value, 2);
	     * });
	     *
	     * var other = [3, 4];
	     * var otherWrapper = wrapper.plant(other);
	     *
	     * otherWrapper.value();
	     * // => [9, 16]
	     *
	     * wrapper.value();
	     * // => [1, 4]
	     */
	    function wrapperPlant(value) {
	      var result,
	          parent = this;

	      while (parent instanceof baseLodash) {
	        var clone = wrapperClone(parent);
	        if (result) {
	          previous.__wrapped__ = clone;
	        } else {
	          result = clone;
	        }
	        var previous = clone;
	        parent = parent.__wrapped__;
	      }
	      previous.__wrapped__ = value;
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Reverses the wrapped array so the first element becomes the last, the
	     * second element becomes the second to last, and so on.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method mutates the wrapped array.
	     *
	     * @name reverse
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Chain
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new reversed `lodash` wrapper instance.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var array = [1, 2, 3];
	     *
	     * _(array).reverse().value()
	     * // => [3, 2, 1]
	     *
	     * console.log(array);
	     * // => [3, 2, 1]
	     */
	    function wrapperReverse() {
	      var value = this.__wrapped__;
	      if (value instanceof LazyWrapper) {
	        if (this.__actions__.length) {
	          value = new LazyWrapper(this);
	        }
	        return new LodashWrapper(value.reverse(), this.__chain__);
	      }
	      return this.thru(function(value) {
	        return value.reverse();
	      });
	    }

	    /**
	     * Produces the result of coercing the unwrapped value to a string.
	     *
	     * @name toString
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Chain
	     * @returns {string} Returns the coerced string value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _([1, 2, 3]).toString();
	     * // => '1,2,3'
	     */
	    function wrapperToString() {
	      return (this.value() + '');
	    }

	    /**
	     * Executes the chained sequence to extract the unwrapped value.
	     *
	     * @name value
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias run, toJSON, valueOf
	     * @category Chain
	     * @returns {*} Returns the resolved unwrapped value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _([1, 2, 3]).value();
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     */
	    function wrapperValue() {
	      return baseWrapperValue(this.__wrapped__, this.__actions__);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of elements corresponding to the given keys, or indexes,
	     * of `collection`. Keys may be specified as individual arguments or as arrays
	     * of keys.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {...(number|number[]|string|string[])} [props] The property names
	     *  or indexes of elements to pick, specified individually or in arrays.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of picked elements.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.at(['a', 'b', 'c'], [0, 2]);
	     * // => ['a', 'c']
	     *
	     * _.at(['barney', 'fred', 'pebbles'], 0, 2);
	     * // => ['barney', 'pebbles']
	     */
	    var at = restParam(function(collection, props) {
	      return baseAt(collection, baseFlatten(props));
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates an object composed of keys generated from the results of running
	     * each element of `collection` through `iteratee`. The corresponding value
	     * of each key is the number of times the key was returned by `iteratee`.
	     * The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments:
	     * (value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.countBy([4.3, 6.1, 6.4], function(n) {
	     *   return Math.floor(n);
	     * });
	     * // => { '4': 1, '6': 2 }
	     *
	     * _.countBy([4.3, 6.1, 6.4], function(n) {
	     *   return this.floor(n);
	     * }, Math);
	     * // => { '4': 1, '6': 2 }
	     *
	     * _.countBy(['one', 'two', 'three'], 'length');
	     * // => { '3': 2, '5': 1 }
	     */
	    var countBy = createAggregator(function(result, value, key) {
	      hasOwnProperty.call(result, key) ? ++result[key] : (result[key] = 1);
	    });

	    /**
	     * Checks if `predicate` returns truthy for **all** elements of `collection`.
	     * The predicate is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments:
	     * (value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias all
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if all elements pass the predicate check,
	     *  else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.every([true, 1, null, 'yes'], Boolean);
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'active': false }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.every(users, { 'user': 'barney', 'active': false });
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.every(users, 'active', false);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.every(users, 'active');
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function every(collection, predicate, thisArg) {
	      var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayEvery : baseEvery;
	      if (thisArg && isIterateeCall(collection, predicate, thisArg)) {
	        predicate = null;
	      }
	      if (typeof predicate != 'function' || thisArg !== undefined) {
	        predicate = getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3);
	      }
	      return func(collection, predicate);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Iterates over elements of `collection`, returning an array of all elements
	     * `predicate` returns truthy for. The predicate is bound to `thisArg` and
	     * invoked with three arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias select
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new filtered array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.filter([4, 5, 6], function(n) {
	     *   return n % 2 == 0;
	     * });
	     * // => [4, 6]
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'active': true },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'active': false }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.filter(users, { 'age': 36, 'active': true }), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.filter(users, 'active', false), 'user');
	     * // => ['fred']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.filter(users, 'active'), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney']
	     */
	    function filter(collection, predicate, thisArg) {
	      var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayFilter : baseFilter;
	      predicate = getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3);
	      return func(collection, predicate);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Iterates over elements of `collection`, returning the first element
	     * `predicate` returns truthy for. The predicate is bound to `thisArg` and
	     * invoked with three arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias detect
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to search.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the matched element, else `undefined`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney',  'age': 36, 'active': true },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',    'age': 40, 'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'age': 1,  'active': true }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.result(_.find(users, function(chr) {
	     *   return chr.age < 40;
	     * }), 'user');
	     * // => 'barney'
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.result(_.find(users, { 'age': 1, 'active': true }), 'user');
	     * // => 'pebbles'
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.result(_.find(users, 'active', false), 'user');
	     * // => 'fred'
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.result(_.find(users, 'active'), 'user');
	     * // => 'barney'
	     */
	    var find = createFind(baseEach);

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.find` except that it iterates over elements of
	     * `collection` from right to left.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to search.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the matched element, else `undefined`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.findLast([1, 2, 3, 4], function(n) {
	     *   return n % 2 == 1;
	     * });
	     * // => 3
	     */
	    var findLast = createFind(baseEachRight, true);

	    /**
	     * Performs a deep comparison between each element in `collection` and the
	     * source object, returning the first element that has equivalent property
	     * values.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method supports comparing arrays, booleans, `Date` objects,
	     * numbers, `Object` objects, regexes, and strings. Objects are compared by
	     * their own, not inherited, enumerable properties. For comparing a single
	     * own or inherited property value see `_.matchesProperty`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to search.
	     * @param {Object} source The object of property values to match.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the matched element, else `undefined`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'active': true },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'active': false }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.result(_.findWhere(users, { 'age': 36, 'active': true }), 'user');
	     * // => 'barney'
	     *
	     * _.result(_.findWhere(users, { 'age': 40, 'active': false }), 'user');
	     * // => 'fred'
	     */
	    function findWhere(collection, source) {
	      return find(collection, baseMatches(source));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Iterates over elements of `collection` invoking `iteratee` for each element.
	     * The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments:
	     * (value, index|key, collection). Iteratee functions may exit iteration early
	     * by explicitly returning `false`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** As with other "Collections" methods, objects with a "length" property
	     * are iterated like arrays. To avoid this behavior `_.forIn` or `_.forOwn`
	     * may be used for object iteration.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias each
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Array|Object|string} Returns `collection`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _([1, 2]).forEach(function(n) {
	     *   console.log(n);
	     * }).value();
	     * // => logs each value from left to right and returns the array
	     *
	     * _.forEach({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }, function(n, key) {
	     *   console.log(n, key);
	     * });
	     * // => logs each value-key pair and returns the object (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     */
	    var forEach = createForEach(arrayEach, baseEach);

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.forEach` except that it iterates over elements of
	     * `collection` from right to left.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias eachRight
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Array|Object|string} Returns `collection`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _([1, 2]).forEachRight(function(n) {
	     *   console.log(n);
	     * }).value();
	     * // => logs each value from right to left and returns the array
	     */
	    var forEachRight = createForEach(arrayEachRight, baseEachRight);

	    /**
	     * Creates an object composed of keys generated from the results of running
	     * each element of `collection` through `iteratee`. The corresponding value
	     * of each key is an array of the elements responsible for generating the key.
	     * The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments:
	     * (value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.groupBy([4.2, 6.1, 6.4], function(n) {
	     *   return Math.floor(n);
	     * });
	     * // => { '4': [4.2], '6': [6.1, 6.4] }
	     *
	     * _.groupBy([4.2, 6.1, 6.4], function(n) {
	     *   return this.floor(n);
	     * }, Math);
	     * // => { '4': [4.2], '6': [6.1, 6.4] }
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.groupBy(['one', 'two', 'three'], 'length');
	     * // => { '3': ['one', 'two'], '5': ['three'] }
	     */
	    var groupBy = createAggregator(function(result, value, key) {
	      if (hasOwnProperty.call(result, key)) {
	        result[key].push(value);
	      } else {
	        result[key] = [value];
	      }
	    });

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is in `collection` using
	     * [`SameValueZero`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-samevaluezero)
	     * for equality comparisons. If `fromIndex` is negative, it is used as the offset
	     * from the end of `collection`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias contains, include
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to search.
	     * @param {*} target The value to search for.
	     * @param {number} [fromIndex=0] The index to search from.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.reduce`.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if a matching element is found, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.includes([1, 2, 3], 1);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.includes([1, 2, 3], 1, 2);
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.includes({ 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40 }, 'fred');
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.includes('pebbles', 'eb');
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function includes(collection, target, fromIndex, guard) {
	      var length = collection ? getLength(collection) : 0;
	      if (!isLength(length)) {
	        collection = values(collection);
	        length = collection.length;
	      }
	      if (!length) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      if (typeof fromIndex != 'number' || (guard && isIterateeCall(target, fromIndex, guard))) {
	        fromIndex = 0;
	      } else {
	        fromIndex = fromIndex < 0 ? nativeMax(length + fromIndex, 0) : (fromIndex || 0);
	      }
	      return (typeof collection == 'string' || !isArray(collection) && isString(collection))
	        ? (fromIndex < length && collection.indexOf(target, fromIndex) > -1)
	        : (getIndexOf(collection, target, fromIndex) > -1);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an object composed of keys generated from the results of running
	     * each element of `collection` through `iteratee`. The corresponding value
	     * of each key is the last element responsible for generating the key. The
	     * iteratee function is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments:
	     * (value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the composed aggregate object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var keyData = [
	     *   { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 },
	     *   { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.indexBy(keyData, 'dir');
	     * // => { 'left': { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 }, 'right': { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 } }
	     *
	     * _.indexBy(keyData, function(object) {
	     *   return String.fromCharCode(object.code);
	     * });
	     * // => { 'a': { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 }, 'd': { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 } }
	     *
	     * _.indexBy(keyData, function(object) {
	     *   return this.fromCharCode(object.code);
	     * }, String);
	     * // => { 'a': { 'dir': 'left', 'code': 97 }, 'd': { 'dir': 'right', 'code': 100 } }
	     */
	    var indexBy = createAggregator(function(result, value, key) {
	      result[key] = value;
	    });

	    /**
	     * Invokes the method at `path` on each element in `collection`, returning
	     * an array of the results of each invoked method. Any additional arguments
	     * are provided to each invoked method. If `methodName` is a function it is
	     * invoked for, and `this` bound to, each element in `collection`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Array|Function|string} path The path of the method to invoke or
	     *  the function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {...*} [args] The arguments to invoke the method with.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the array of results.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.invoke([[5, 1, 7], [3, 2, 1]], 'sort');
	     * // => [[1, 5, 7], [1, 2, 3]]
	     *
	     * _.invoke([123, 456], String.prototype.split, '');
	     * // => [['1', '2', '3'], ['4', '5', '6']]
	     */
	    var invoke = restParam(function(collection, path, args) {
	      var index = -1,
	          isFunc = typeof path == 'function',
	          isProp = isKey(path),
	          result = isArrayLike(collection) ? Array(collection.length) : [];

	      baseEach(collection, function(value) {
	        var func = isFunc ? path : (isProp && value != null && value[path]);
	        result[++index] = func ? func.apply(value, args) : invokePath(value, path, args);
	      });
	      return result;
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of values by running each element in `collection` through
	     * `iteratee`. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
	     * arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * Many lodash methods are guarded to work as interatees for methods like
	     * `_.every`, `_.filter`, `_.map`, `_.mapValues`, `_.reject`, and `_.some`.
	     *
	     * The guarded methods are:
	     * `ary`, `callback`, `chunk`, `clone`, `create`, `curry`, `curryRight`,
	     * `drop`, `dropRight`, `every`, `fill`, `flatten`, `invert`, `max`, `min`,
	     * `parseInt`, `slice`, `sortBy`, `take`, `takeRight`, `template`, `trim`,
	     * `trimLeft`, `trimRight`, `trunc`, `random`, `range`, `sample`, `some`,
	     * `sum`, `uniq`, and `words`
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias collect
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new mapped array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function timesThree(n) {
	     *   return n * 3;
	     * }
	     *
	     * _.map([1, 2], timesThree);
	     * // => [3, 6]
	     *
	     * _.map({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }, timesThree);
	     * // => [3, 6] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney' },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred' }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.map(users, 'user');
	     * // => ['barney', 'fred']
	     */
	    function map(collection, iteratee, thisArg) {
	      var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayMap : baseMap;
	      iteratee = getCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 3);
	      return func(collection, iteratee);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of elements split into two groups, the first of which
	     * contains elements `predicate` returns truthy for, while the second of which
	     * contains elements `predicate` returns falsey for. The predicate is bound
	     * to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the array of grouped elements.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.partition([1, 2, 3], function(n) {
	     *   return n % 2;
	     * });
	     * // => [[1, 3], [2]]
	     *
	     * _.partition([1.2, 2.3, 3.4], function(n) {
	     *   return this.floor(n) % 2;
	     * }, Math);
	     * // => [[1.2, 3.4], [2.3]]
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney',  'age': 36, 'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',    'age': 40, 'active': true },
	     *   { 'user': 'pebbles', 'age': 1,  'active': false }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * var mapper = function(array) {
	     *   return _.pluck(array, 'user');
	     * };
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.map(_.partition(users, { 'age': 1, 'active': false }), mapper);
	     * // => [['pebbles'], ['barney', 'fred']]
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.map(_.partition(users, 'active', false), mapper);
	     * // => [['barney', 'pebbles'], ['fred']]
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.map(_.partition(users, 'active'), mapper);
	     * // => [['fred'], ['barney', 'pebbles']]
	     */
	    var partition = createAggregator(function(result, value, key) {
	      result[key ? 0 : 1].push(value);
	    }, function() { return [[], []]; });

	    /**
	     * Gets the property value of `path` from all elements in `collection`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to pluck.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the property values.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.pluck(users, 'user');
	     * // => ['barney', 'fred']
	     *
	     * var userIndex = _.indexBy(users, 'user');
	     * _.pluck(userIndex, 'age');
	     * // => [36, 40] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     */
	    function pluck(collection, path) {
	      return map(collection, property(path));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Reduces `collection` to a value which is the accumulated result of running
	     * each element in `collection` through `iteratee`, where each successive
	     * invocation is supplied the return value of the previous. If `accumulator`
	     * is not provided the first element of `collection` is used as the initial
	     * value. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with four arguments:
	     * (accumulator, value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * Many lodash methods are guarded to work as interatees for methods like
	     * `_.reduce`, `_.reduceRight`, and `_.transform`.
	     *
	     * The guarded methods are:
	     * `assign`, `defaults`, `includes`, `merge`, `sortByAll`, and `sortByOrder`
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias foldl, inject
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [accumulator] The initial value.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.reduce([1, 2], function(total, n) {
	     *   return total + n;
	     * });
	     * // => 3
	     *
	     * _.reduce({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }, function(result, n, key) {
	     *   result[key] = n * 3;
	     *   return result;
	     * }, {});
	     * // => { 'a': 3, 'b': 6 } (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     */
	    var reduce = createReduce(arrayReduce, baseEach);

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.reduce` except that it iterates over elements of
	     * `collection` from right to left.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias foldr
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [accumulator] The initial value.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var array = [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]];
	     *
	     * _.reduceRight(array, function(flattened, other) {
	     *   return flattened.concat(other);
	     * }, []);
	     * // => [4, 5, 2, 3, 0, 1]
	     */
	    var reduceRight = createReduce(arrayReduceRight, baseEachRight);

	    /**
	     * The opposite of `_.filter`; this method returns the elements of `collection`
	     * that `predicate` does **not** return truthy for.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new filtered array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.reject([1, 2, 3, 4], function(n) {
	     *   return n % 2 == 0;
	     * });
	     * // => [1, 3]
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'active': false },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'active': true }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.reject(users, { 'age': 40, 'active': true }), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.reject(users, 'active', false), 'user');
	     * // => ['fred']
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.reject(users, 'active'), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney']
	     */
	    function reject(collection, predicate, thisArg) {
	      var func = isArray(collection) ? arrayFilter : baseFilter;
	      predicate = getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3);
	      return func(collection, function(value, index, collection) {
	        return !predicate(value, index, collection);
	      });
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets a random element or `n` random elements from a collection.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to sample.
	     * @param {number} [n] The number of elements to sample.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the random sample(s).
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.sample([1, 2, 3, 4]);
	     * // => 2
	     *
	     * _.sample([1, 2, 3, 4], 2);
	     * // => [3, 1]
	     */
	    function sample(collection, n, guard) {
	      if (guard ? isIterateeCall(collection, n, guard) : n == null) {
	        collection = toIterable(collection);
	        var length = collection.length;
	        return length > 0 ? collection[baseRandom(0, length - 1)] : undefined;
	      }
	      var result = shuffle(collection);
	      result.length = nativeMin(n < 0 ? 0 : (+n || 0), result.length);
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of shuffled values, using a version of the
	     * [Fisher-Yates shuffle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisher-Yates_shuffle).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to shuffle.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new shuffled array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.shuffle([1, 2, 3, 4]);
	     * // => [4, 1, 3, 2]
	     */
	    function shuffle(collection) {
	      collection = toIterable(collection);

	      var index = -1,
	          length = collection.length,
	          result = Array(length);

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var rand = baseRandom(0, index);
	        if (index != rand) {
	          result[index] = result[rand];
	        }
	        result[rand] = collection[index];
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets the size of `collection` by returning its length for array-like
	     * values or the number of own enumerable properties for objects.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to inspect.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the size of `collection`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.size([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => 3
	     *
	     * _.size({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 });
	     * // => 2
	     *
	     * _.size('pebbles');
	     * // => 7
	     */
	    function size(collection) {
	      var length = collection ? getLength(collection) : 0;
	      return isLength(length) ? length : keys(collection).length;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `predicate` returns truthy for **any** element of `collection`.
	     * The function returns as soon as it finds a passing value and does not iterate
	     * over the entire collection. The predicate is bound to `thisArg` and invoked
	     * with three arguments: (value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias any
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if any element passes the predicate check,
	     *  else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.some([null, 0, 'yes', false], Boolean);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'active': true },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'active': false }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.some(users, { 'user': 'barney', 'active': false });
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.some(users, 'active', false);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.some(users, 'active');
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function some(collection, predicate, thisArg) {
	      var func = isArray(collection) ? arraySome : baseSome;
	      if (thisArg && isIterateeCall(collection, predicate, thisArg)) {
	        predicate = null;
	      }
	      if (typeof predicate != 'function' || thisArg !== undefined) {
	        predicate = getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 3);
	      }
	      return func(collection, predicate);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of elements, sorted in ascending order by the results of
	     * running each element in a collection through `iteratee`. This method performs
	     * a stable sort, that is, it preserves the original sort order of equal elements.
	     * The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments:
	     * (value, index|key, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new sorted array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.sortBy([1, 2, 3], function(n) {
	     *   return Math.sin(n);
	     * });
	     * // => [3, 1, 2]
	     *
	     * _.sortBy([1, 2, 3], function(n) {
	     *   return this.sin(n);
	     * }, Math);
	     * // => [3, 1, 2]
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'fred' },
	     *   { 'user': 'pebbles' },
	     *   { 'user': 'barney' }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.pluck(_.sortBy(users, 'user'), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney', 'fred', 'pebbles']
	     */
	    function sortBy(collection, iteratee, thisArg) {
	      if (collection == null) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (thisArg && isIterateeCall(collection, iteratee, thisArg)) {
	        iteratee = null;
	      }
	      var index = -1;
	      iteratee = getCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 3);

	      var result = baseMap(collection, function(value, key, collection) {
	        return { 'criteria': iteratee(value, key, collection), 'index': ++index, 'value': value };
	      });
	      return baseSortBy(result, compareAscending);
	    }

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.sortBy` except that it can sort by multiple iteratees
	     * or property names.
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for an iteratee the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for an iteratee the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {...(Function|Function[]|Object|Object[]|string|string[])} iteratees
	     *  The iteratees to sort by, specified as individual values or arrays of values.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new sorted array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 48 },
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 42 },
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 34 }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.map(_.sortByAll(users, ['user', 'age']), _.values);
	     * // => [['barney', 34], ['barney', 36], ['fred', 42], ['fred', 48]]
	     *
	     * _.map(_.sortByAll(users, 'user', function(chr) {
	     *   return Math.floor(chr.age / 10);
	     * }), _.values);
	     * // => [['barney', 36], ['barney', 34], ['fred', 48], ['fred', 42]]
	     */
	    var sortByAll = restParam(function(collection, iteratees) {
	      if (collection == null) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      var guard = iteratees[2];
	      if (guard && isIterateeCall(iteratees[0], iteratees[1], guard)) {
	        iteratees.length = 1;
	      }
	      return baseSortByOrder(collection, baseFlatten(iteratees), []);
	    });

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.sortByAll` except that it allows specifying the
	     * sort orders of the iteratees to sort by. A truthy value in `orders` will
	     * sort the corresponding property name in ascending order while a falsey
	     * value will sort it in descending order.
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for an iteratee the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for an iteratee the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function[]|Object[]|string[]} iteratees The iteratees to sort by.
	     * @param {boolean[]} orders The sort orders of `iteratees`.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.reduce`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new sorted array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 48 },
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 34 },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 42 },
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // sort by `user` in ascending order and by `age` in descending order
	     * _.map(_.sortByOrder(users, ['user', 'age'], [true, false]), _.values);
	     * // => [['barney', 36], ['barney', 34], ['fred', 48], ['fred', 42]]
	     */
	    function sortByOrder(collection, iteratees, orders, guard) {
	      if (collection == null) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (guard && isIterateeCall(iteratees, orders, guard)) {
	        orders = null;
	      }
	      if (!isArray(iteratees)) {
	        iteratees = iteratees == null ? [] : [iteratees];
	      }
	      if (!isArray(orders)) {
	        orders = orders == null ? [] : [orders];
	      }
	      return baseSortByOrder(collection, iteratees, orders);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Performs a deep comparison between each element in `collection` and the
	     * source object, returning an array of all elements that have equivalent
	     * property values.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method supports comparing arrays, booleans, `Date` objects,
	     * numbers, `Object` objects, regexes, and strings. Objects are compared by
	     * their own, not inherited, enumerable properties. For comparing a single
	     * own or inherited property value see `_.matchesProperty`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Collection
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to search.
	     * @param {Object} source The object of property values to match.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new filtered array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'active': false, 'pets': ['hoppy'] },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'active': true, 'pets': ['baby puss', 'dino'] }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.pluck(_.where(users, { 'age': 36, 'active': false }), 'user');
	     * // => ['barney']
	     *
	     * _.pluck(_.where(users, { 'pets': ['dino'] }), 'user');
	     * // => ['fred']
	     */
	    function where(collection, source) {
	      return filter(collection, baseMatches(source));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since the Unix epoch
	     * (1 January 1970 00:00:00 UTC).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Date
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.defer(function(stamp) {
	     *   console.log(_.now() - stamp);
	     * }, _.now());
	     * // => logs the number of milliseconds it took for the deferred function to be invoked
	     */
	    var now = nativeNow || function() {
	      return new Date().getTime();
	    };

	    /**
	     * The opposite of `_.before`; this method creates a function that invokes
	     * `func` once it is called `n` or more times.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {number} n The number of calls before `func` is invoked.
	     * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var saves = ['profile', 'settings'];
	     *
	     * var done = _.after(saves.length, function() {
	     *   console.log('done saving!');
	     * });
	     *
	     * _.forEach(saves, function(type) {
	     *   asyncSave({ 'type': type, 'complete': done });
	     * });
	     * // => logs 'done saving!' after the two async saves have completed
	     */
	    function after(n, func) {
	      if (typeof func != 'function') {
	        if (typeof n == 'function') {
	          var temp = n;
	          n = func;
	          func = temp;
	        } else {
	          throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	        }
	      }
	      n = nativeIsFinite(n = +n) ? n : 0;
	      return function() {
	        if (--n < 1) {
	          return func.apply(this, arguments);
	        }
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that accepts up to `n` arguments ignoring any
	     * additional arguments.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to cap arguments for.
	     * @param {number} [n=func.length] The arity cap.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.map(['6', '8', '10'], _.ary(parseInt, 1));
	     * // => [6, 8, 10]
	     */
	    function ary(func, n, guard) {
	      if (guard && isIterateeCall(func, n, guard)) {
	        n = null;
	      }
	      n = (func && n == null) ? func.length : nativeMax(+n || 0, 0);
	      return createWrapper(func, ARY_FLAG, null, null, null, null, n);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that invokes `func`, with the `this` binding and arguments
	     * of the created function, while it is called less than `n` times. Subsequent
	     * calls to the created function return the result of the last `func` invocation.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {number} n The number of calls at which `func` is no longer invoked.
	     * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * jQuery('#add').on('click', _.before(5, addContactToList));
	     * // => allows adding up to 4 contacts to the list
	     */
	    function before(n, func) {
	      var result;
	      if (typeof func != 'function') {
	        if (typeof n == 'function') {
	          var temp = n;
	          n = func;
	          func = temp;
	        } else {
	          throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	        }
	      }
	      return function() {
	        if (--n > 0) {
	          result = func.apply(this, arguments);
	        }
	        if (n <= 1) {
	          func = null;
	        }
	        return result;
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that invokes `func` with the `this` binding of `thisArg`
	     * and prepends any additional `_.bind` arguments to those provided to the
	     * bound function.
	     *
	     * The `_.bind.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic builds,
	     * may be used as a placeholder for partially applied arguments.
	     *
	     * **Note:** Unlike native `Function#bind` this method does not set the "length"
	     * property of bound functions.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to bind.
	     * @param {*} thisArg The `this` binding of `func`.
	     * @param {...*} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var greet = function(greeting, punctuation) {
	     *   return greeting + ' ' + this.user + punctuation;
	     * };
	     *
	     * var object = { 'user': 'fred' };
	     *
	     * var bound = _.bind(greet, object, 'hi');
	     * bound('!');
	     * // => 'hi fred!'
	     *
	     * // using placeholders
	     * var bound = _.bind(greet, object, _, '!');
	     * bound('hi');
	     * // => 'hi fred!'
	     */
	    var bind = restParam(function(func, thisArg, partials) {
	      var bitmask = BIND_FLAG;
	      if (partials.length) {
	        var holders = replaceHolders(partials, bind.placeholder);
	        bitmask |= PARTIAL_FLAG;
	      }
	      return createWrapper(func, bitmask, thisArg, partials, holders);
	    });

	    /**
	     * Binds methods of an object to the object itself, overwriting the existing
	     * method. Method names may be specified as individual arguments or as arrays
	     * of method names. If no method names are provided all enumerable function
	     * properties, own and inherited, of `object` are bound.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method does not set the "length" property of bound functions.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Object} object The object to bind and assign the bound methods to.
	     * @param {...(string|string[])} [methodNames] The object method names to bind,
	     *  specified as individual method names or arrays of method names.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var view = {
	     *   'label': 'docs',
	     *   'onClick': function() {
	     *     console.log('clicked ' + this.label);
	     *   }
	     * };
	     *
	     * _.bindAll(view);
	     * jQuery('#docs').on('click', view.onClick);
	     * // => logs 'clicked docs' when the element is clicked
	     */
	    var bindAll = restParam(function(object, methodNames) {
	      methodNames = methodNames.length ? baseFlatten(methodNames) : functions(object);

	      var index = -1,
	          length = methodNames.length;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var key = methodNames[index];
	        object[key] = createWrapper(object[key], BIND_FLAG, object);
	      }
	      return object;
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that invokes the method at `object[key]` and prepends
	     * any additional `_.bindKey` arguments to those provided to the bound function.
	     *
	     * This method differs from `_.bind` by allowing bound functions to reference
	     * methods that may be redefined or don't yet exist.
	     * See [Peter Michaux's article](http://peter.michaux.ca/articles/lazy-function-definition-pattern)
	     * for more details.
	     *
	     * The `_.bindKey.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic
	     * builds, may be used as a placeholder for partially applied arguments.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Object} object The object the method belongs to.
	     * @param {string} key The key of the method.
	     * @param {...*} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new bound function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = {
	     *   'user': 'fred',
	     *   'greet': function(greeting, punctuation) {
	     *     return greeting + ' ' + this.user + punctuation;
	     *   }
	     * };
	     *
	     * var bound = _.bindKey(object, 'greet', 'hi');
	     * bound('!');
	     * // => 'hi fred!'
	     *
	     * object.greet = function(greeting, punctuation) {
	     *   return greeting + 'ya ' + this.user + punctuation;
	     * };
	     *
	     * bound('!');
	     * // => 'hiya fred!'
	     *
	     * // using placeholders
	     * var bound = _.bindKey(object, 'greet', _, '!');
	     * bound('hi');
	     * // => 'hiya fred!'
	     */
	    var bindKey = restParam(function(object, key, partials) {
	      var bitmask = BIND_FLAG | BIND_KEY_FLAG;
	      if (partials.length) {
	        var holders = replaceHolders(partials, bindKey.placeholder);
	        bitmask |= PARTIAL_FLAG;
	      }
	      return createWrapper(key, bitmask, object, partials, holders);
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that accepts one or more arguments of `func` that when
	     * called either invokes `func` returning its result, if all `func` arguments
	     * have been provided, or returns a function that accepts one or more of the
	     * remaining `func` arguments, and so on. The arity of `func` may be specified
	     * if `func.length` is not sufficient.
	     *
	     * The `_.curry.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic builds,
	     * may be used as a placeholder for provided arguments.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method does not set the "length" property of curried functions.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to curry.
	     * @param {number} [arity=func.length] The arity of `func`.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new curried function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var abc = function(a, b, c) {
	     *   return [a, b, c];
	     * };
	     *
	     * var curried = _.curry(abc);
	     *
	     * curried(1)(2)(3);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     *
	     * curried(1, 2)(3);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     *
	     * curried(1, 2, 3);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     *
	     * // using placeholders
	     * curried(1)(_, 3)(2);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     */
	    var curry = createCurry(CURRY_FLAG);

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.curry` except that arguments are applied to `func`
	     * in the manner of `_.partialRight` instead of `_.partial`.
	     *
	     * The `_.curryRight.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic
	     * builds, may be used as a placeholder for provided arguments.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method does not set the "length" property of curried functions.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to curry.
	     * @param {number} [arity=func.length] The arity of `func`.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new curried function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var abc = function(a, b, c) {
	     *   return [a, b, c];
	     * };
	     *
	     * var curried = _.curryRight(abc);
	     *
	     * curried(3)(2)(1);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     *
	     * curried(2, 3)(1);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     *
	     * curried(1, 2, 3);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     *
	     * // using placeholders
	     * curried(3)(1, _)(2);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3]
	     */
	    var curryRight = createCurry(CURRY_RIGHT_FLAG);

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that delays invoking `func` until after `wait` milliseconds
	     * have elapsed since the last time it was invoked. The created function comes
	     * with a `cancel` method to cancel delayed invocations. Provide an options
	     * object to indicate that `func` should be invoked on the leading and/or
	     * trailing edge of the `wait` timeout. Subsequent calls to the debounced
	     * function return the result of the last `func` invocation.
	     *
	     * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is invoked
	     * on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the the debounced function is
	     * invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
	     *
	     * See [David Corbacho's article](http://drupalmotion.com/article/debounce-and-throttle-visual-explanation)
	     * for details over the differences between `_.debounce` and `_.throttle`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to debounce.
	     * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to delay.
	     * @param {Object} [options] The options object.
	     * @param {boolean} [options.leading=false] Specify invoking on the leading
	     *  edge of the timeout.
	     * @param {number} [options.maxWait] The maximum time `func` is allowed to be
	     *  delayed before it is invoked.
	     * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true] Specify invoking on the trailing
	     *  edge of the timeout.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new debounced function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * // avoid costly calculations while the window size is in flux
	     * jQuery(window).on('resize', _.debounce(calculateLayout, 150));
	     *
	     * // invoke `sendMail` when the click event is fired, debouncing subsequent calls
	     * jQuery('#postbox').on('click', _.debounce(sendMail, 300, {
	     *   'leading': true,
	     *   'trailing': false
	     * }));
	     *
	     * // ensure `batchLog` is invoked once after 1 second of debounced calls
	     * var source = new EventSource('/stream');
	     * jQuery(source).on('message', _.debounce(batchLog, 250, {
	     *   'maxWait': 1000
	     * }));
	     *
	     * // cancel a debounced call
	     * var todoChanges = _.debounce(batchLog, 1000);
	     * Object.observe(models.todo, todoChanges);
	     *
	     * Object.observe(models, function(changes) {
	     *   if (_.find(changes, { 'user': 'todo', 'type': 'delete'})) {
	     *     todoChanges.cancel();
	     *   }
	     * }, ['delete']);
	     *
	     * // ...at some point `models.todo` is changed
	     * models.todo.completed = true;
	     *
	     * // ...before 1 second has passed `models.todo` is deleted
	     * // which cancels the debounced `todoChanges` call
	     * delete models.todo;
	     */
	    function debounce(func, wait, options) {
	      var args,
	          maxTimeoutId,
	          result,
	          stamp,
	          thisArg,
	          timeoutId,
	          trailingCall,
	          lastCalled = 0,
	          maxWait = false,
	          trailing = true;

	      if (typeof func != 'function') {
	        throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	      }
	      wait = wait < 0 ? 0 : (+wait || 0);
	      if (options === true) {
	        var leading = true;
	        trailing = false;
	      } else if (isObject(options)) {
	        leading = options.leading;
	        maxWait = 'maxWait' in options && nativeMax(+options.maxWait || 0, wait);
	        trailing = 'trailing' in options ? options.trailing : trailing;
	      }

	      function cancel() {
	        if (timeoutId) {
	          clearTimeout(timeoutId);
	        }
	        if (maxTimeoutId) {
	          clearTimeout(maxTimeoutId);
	        }
	        maxTimeoutId = timeoutId = trailingCall = undefined;
	      }

	      function delayed() {
	        var remaining = wait - (now() - stamp);
	        if (remaining <= 0 || remaining > wait) {
	          if (maxTimeoutId) {
	            clearTimeout(maxTimeoutId);
	          }
	          var isCalled = trailingCall;
	          maxTimeoutId = timeoutId = trailingCall = undefined;
	          if (isCalled) {
	            lastCalled = now();
	            result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
	            if (!timeoutId && !maxTimeoutId) {
	              args = thisArg = null;
	            }
	          }
	        } else {
	          timeoutId = setTimeout(delayed, remaining);
	        }
	      }

	      function maxDelayed() {
	        if (timeoutId) {
	          clearTimeout(timeoutId);
	        }
	        maxTimeoutId = timeoutId = trailingCall = undefined;
	        if (trailing || (maxWait !== wait)) {
	          lastCalled = now();
	          result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
	          if (!timeoutId && !maxTimeoutId) {
	            args = thisArg = null;
	          }
	        }
	      }

	      function debounced() {
	        args = arguments;
	        stamp = now();
	        thisArg = this;
	        trailingCall = trailing && (timeoutId || !leading);

	        if (maxWait === false) {
	          var leadingCall = leading && !timeoutId;
	        } else {
	          if (!maxTimeoutId && !leading) {
	            lastCalled = stamp;
	          }
	          var remaining = maxWait - (stamp - lastCalled),
	              isCalled = remaining <= 0 || remaining > maxWait;

	          if (isCalled) {
	            if (maxTimeoutId) {
	              maxTimeoutId = clearTimeout(maxTimeoutId);
	            }
	            lastCalled = stamp;
	            result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
	          }
	          else if (!maxTimeoutId) {
	            maxTimeoutId = setTimeout(maxDelayed, remaining);
	          }
	        }
	        if (isCalled && timeoutId) {
	          timeoutId = clearTimeout(timeoutId);
	        }
	        else if (!timeoutId && wait !== maxWait) {
	          timeoutId = setTimeout(delayed, wait);
	        }
	        if (leadingCall) {
	          isCalled = true;
	          result = func.apply(thisArg, args);
	        }
	        if (isCalled && !timeoutId && !maxTimeoutId) {
	          args = thisArg = null;
	        }
	        return result;
	      }
	      debounced.cancel = cancel;
	      return debounced;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Defers invoking the `func` until the current call stack has cleared. Any
	     * additional arguments are provided to `func` when it is invoked.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to defer.
	     * @param {...*} [args] The arguments to invoke the function with.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the timer id.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.defer(function(text) {
	     *   console.log(text);
	     * }, 'deferred');
	     * // logs 'deferred' after one or more milliseconds
	     */
	    var defer = restParam(function(func, args) {
	      return baseDelay(func, 1, args);
	    });

	    /**
	     * Invokes `func` after `wait` milliseconds. Any additional arguments are
	     * provided to `func` when it is invoked.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to delay.
	     * @param {number} wait The number of milliseconds to delay invocation.
	     * @param {...*} [args] The arguments to invoke the function with.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the timer id.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.delay(function(text) {
	     *   console.log(text);
	     * }, 1000, 'later');
	     * // => logs 'later' after one second
	     */
	    var delay = restParam(function(func, wait, args) {
	      return baseDelay(func, wait, args);
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that returns the result of invoking the provided
	     * functions with the `this` binding of the created function, where each
	     * successive invocation is supplied the return value of the previous.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {...Function} [funcs] Functions to invoke.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function square(n) {
	     *   return n * n;
	     * }
	     *
	     * var addSquare = _.flow(_.add, square);
	     * addSquare(1, 2);
	     * // => 9
	     */
	    var flow = createFlow();

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.flow` except that it creates a function that
	     * invokes the provided functions from right to left.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias backflow, compose
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {...Function} [funcs] Functions to invoke.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function square(n) {
	     *   return n * n;
	     * }
	     *
	     * var addSquare = _.flowRight(square, _.add);
	     * addSquare(1, 2);
	     * // => 9
	     */
	    var flowRight = createFlow(true);

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that memoizes the result of `func`. If `resolver` is
	     * provided it determines the cache key for storing the result based on the
	     * arguments provided to the memoized function. By default, the first argument
	     * provided to the memoized function is coerced to a string and used as the
	     * cache key. The `func` is invoked with the `this` binding of the memoized
	     * function.
	     *
	     * **Note:** The cache is exposed as the `cache` property on the memoized
	     * function. Its creation may be customized by replacing the `_.memoize.Cache`
	     * constructor with one whose instances implement the [`Map`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-properties-of-the-map-prototype-object)
	     * method interface of `get`, `has`, and `set`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to have its output memoized.
	     * @param {Function} [resolver] The function to resolve the cache key.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new memoizing function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var upperCase = _.memoize(function(string) {
	     *   return string.toUpperCase();
	     * });
	     *
	     * upperCase('fred');
	     * // => 'FRED'
	     *
	     * // modifying the result cache
	     * upperCase.cache.set('fred', 'BARNEY');
	     * upperCase('fred');
	     * // => 'BARNEY'
	     *
	     * // replacing `_.memoize.Cache`
	     * var object = { 'user': 'fred' };
	     * var other = { 'user': 'barney' };
	     * var identity = _.memoize(_.identity);
	     *
	     * identity(object);
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred' }
	     * identity(other);
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred' }
	     *
	     * _.memoize.Cache = WeakMap;
	     * var identity = _.memoize(_.identity);
	     *
	     * identity(object);
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred' }
	     * identity(other);
	     * // => { 'user': 'barney' }
	     */
	    function memoize(func, resolver) {
	      if (typeof func != 'function' || (resolver && typeof resolver != 'function')) {
	        throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	      }
	      var memoized = function() {
	        var args = arguments,
	            cache = memoized.cache,
	            key = resolver ? resolver.apply(this, args) : args[0];

	        if (cache.has(key)) {
	          return cache.get(key);
	        }
	        var result = func.apply(this, args);
	        cache.set(key, result);
	        return result;
	      };
	      memoized.cache = new memoize.Cache;
	      return memoized;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that negates the result of the predicate `func`. The
	     * `func` predicate is invoked with the `this` binding and arguments of the
	     * created function.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} predicate The predicate to negate.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function isEven(n) {
	     *   return n % 2 == 0;
	     * }
	     *
	     * _.filter([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], _.negate(isEven));
	     * // => [1, 3, 5]
	     */
	    function negate(predicate) {
	      if (typeof predicate != 'function') {
	        throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	      }
	      return function() {
	        return !predicate.apply(this, arguments);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that is restricted to invoking `func` once. Repeat calls
	     * to the function return the value of the first call. The `func` is invoked
	     * with the `this` binding and arguments of the created function.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to restrict.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new restricted function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var initialize = _.once(createApplication);
	     * initialize();
	     * initialize();
	     * // `initialize` invokes `createApplication` once
	     */
	    function once(func) {
	      return before(2, func);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that invokes `func` with `partial` arguments prepended
	     * to those provided to the new function. This method is like `_.bind` except
	     * it does **not** alter the `this` binding.
	     *
	     * The `_.partial.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic
	     * builds, may be used as a placeholder for partially applied arguments.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method does not set the "length" property of partially
	     * applied functions.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to partially apply arguments to.
	     * @param {...*} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new partially applied function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var greet = function(greeting, name) {
	     *   return greeting + ' ' + name;
	     * };
	     *
	     * var sayHelloTo = _.partial(greet, 'hello');
	     * sayHelloTo('fred');
	     * // => 'hello fred'
	     *
	     * // using placeholders
	     * var greetFred = _.partial(greet, _, 'fred');
	     * greetFred('hi');
	     * // => 'hi fred'
	     */
	    var partial = createPartial(PARTIAL_FLAG);

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.partial` except that partially applied arguments
	     * are appended to those provided to the new function.
	     *
	     * The `_.partialRight.placeholder` value, which defaults to `_` in monolithic
	     * builds, may be used as a placeholder for partially applied arguments.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method does not set the "length" property of partially
	     * applied functions.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to partially apply arguments to.
	     * @param {...*} [partials] The arguments to be partially applied.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new partially applied function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var greet = function(greeting, name) {
	     *   return greeting + ' ' + name;
	     * };
	     *
	     * var greetFred = _.partialRight(greet, 'fred');
	     * greetFred('hi');
	     * // => 'hi fred'
	     *
	     * // using placeholders
	     * var sayHelloTo = _.partialRight(greet, 'hello', _);
	     * sayHelloTo('fred');
	     * // => 'hello fred'
	     */
	    var partialRight = createPartial(PARTIAL_RIGHT_FLAG);

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that invokes `func` with arguments arranged according
	     * to the specified indexes where the argument value at the first index is
	     * provided as the first argument, the argument value at the second index is
	     * provided as the second argument, and so on.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to rearrange arguments for.
	     * @param {...(number|number[])} indexes The arranged argument indexes,
	     *  specified as individual indexes or arrays of indexes.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var rearged = _.rearg(function(a, b, c) {
	     *   return [a, b, c];
	     * }, 2, 0, 1);
	     *
	     * rearged('b', 'c', 'a')
	     * // => ['a', 'b', 'c']
	     *
	     * var map = _.rearg(_.map, [1, 0]);
	     * map(function(n) {
	     *   return n * 3;
	     * }, [1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => [3, 6, 9]
	     */
	    var rearg = restParam(function(func, indexes) {
	      return createWrapper(func, REARG_FLAG, null, null, null, baseFlatten(indexes));
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that invokes `func` with the `this` binding of the
	     * created function and arguments from `start` and beyond provided as an array.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method is based on the [rest parameter](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/rest_parameters).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to apply a rest parameter to.
	     * @param {number} [start=func.length-1] The start position of the rest parameter.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var say = _.restParam(function(what, names) {
	     *   return what + ' ' + _.initial(names).join(', ') +
	     *     (_.size(names) > 1 ? ', & ' : '') + _.last(names);
	     * });
	     *
	     * say('hello', 'fred', 'barney', 'pebbles');
	     * // => 'hello fred, barney, & pebbles'
	     */
	    function restParam(func, start) {
	      if (typeof func != 'function') {
	        throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	      }
	      start = nativeMax(start === undefined ? (func.length - 1) : (+start || 0), 0);
	      return function() {
	        var args = arguments,
	            index = -1,
	            length = nativeMax(args.length - start, 0),
	            rest = Array(length);

	        while (++index < length) {
	          rest[index] = args[start + index];
	        }
	        switch (start) {
	          case 0: return func.call(this, rest);
	          case 1: return func.call(this, args[0], rest);
	          case 2: return func.call(this, args[0], args[1], rest);
	        }
	        var otherArgs = Array(start + 1);
	        index = -1;
	        while (++index < start) {
	          otherArgs[index] = args[index];
	        }
	        otherArgs[start] = rest;
	        return func.apply(this, otherArgs);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that invokes `func` with the `this` binding of the created
	     * function and an array of arguments much like [`Function#apply`](https://es5.github.io/#x15.3.4.3).
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method is based on the [spread operator](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Spread_operator).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to spread arguments over.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var say = _.spread(function(who, what) {
	     *   return who + ' says ' + what;
	     * });
	     *
	     * say(['fred', 'hello']);
	     * // => 'fred says hello'
	     *
	     * // with a Promise
	     * var numbers = Promise.all([
	     *   Promise.resolve(40),
	     *   Promise.resolve(36)
	     * ]);
	     *
	     * numbers.then(_.spread(function(x, y) {
	     *   return x + y;
	     * }));
	     * // => a Promise of 76
	     */
	    function spread(func) {
	      if (typeof func != 'function') {
	        throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	      }
	      return function(array) {
	        return func.apply(this, array);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that only invokes `func` at most once per every `wait`
	     * milliseconds. The created function comes with a `cancel` method to cancel
	     * delayed invocations. Provide an options object to indicate that `func`
	     * should be invoked on the leading and/or trailing edge of the `wait` timeout.
	     * Subsequent calls to the throttled function return the result of the last
	     * `func` call.
	     *
	     * **Note:** If `leading` and `trailing` options are `true`, `func` is invoked
	     * on the trailing edge of the timeout only if the the throttled function is
	     * invoked more than once during the `wait` timeout.
	     *
	     * See [David Corbacho's article](http://drupalmotion.com/article/debounce-and-throttle-visual-explanation)
	     * for details over the differences between `_.throttle` and `_.debounce`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {Function} func The function to throttle.
	     * @param {number} [wait=0] The number of milliseconds to throttle invocations to.
	     * @param {Object} [options] The options object.
	     * @param {boolean} [options.leading=true] Specify invoking on the leading
	     *  edge of the timeout.
	     * @param {boolean} [options.trailing=true] Specify invoking on the trailing
	     *  edge of the timeout.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new throttled function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * // avoid excessively updating the position while scrolling
	     * jQuery(window).on('scroll', _.throttle(updatePosition, 100));
	     *
	     * // invoke `renewToken` when the click event is fired, but not more than once every 5 minutes
	     * jQuery('.interactive').on('click', _.throttle(renewToken, 300000, {
	     *   'trailing': false
	     * }));
	     *
	     * // cancel a trailing throttled call
	     * jQuery(window).on('popstate', throttled.cancel);
	     */
	    function throttle(func, wait, options) {
	      var leading = true,
	          trailing = true;

	      if (typeof func != 'function') {
	        throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);
	      }
	      if (options === false) {
	        leading = false;
	      } else if (isObject(options)) {
	        leading = 'leading' in options ? !!options.leading : leading;
	        trailing = 'trailing' in options ? !!options.trailing : trailing;
	      }
	      debounceOptions.leading = leading;
	      debounceOptions.maxWait = +wait;
	      debounceOptions.trailing = trailing;
	      return debounce(func, wait, debounceOptions);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that provides `value` to the wrapper function as its
	     * first argument. Any additional arguments provided to the function are
	     * appended to those provided to the wrapper function. The wrapper is invoked
	     * with the `this` binding of the created function.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Function
	     * @param {*} value The value to wrap.
	     * @param {Function} wrapper The wrapper function.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var p = _.wrap(_.escape, function(func, text) {
	     *   return '<p>' + func(text) + '</p>';
	     * });
	     *
	     * p('fred, barney, & pebbles');
	     * // => '<p>fred, barney, &amp; pebbles</p>'
	     */
	    function wrap(value, wrapper) {
	      wrapper = wrapper == null ? identity : wrapper;
	      return createWrapper(wrapper, PARTIAL_FLAG, null, [value], []);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a clone of `value`. If `isDeep` is `true` nested objects are cloned,
	     * otherwise they are assigned by reference. If `customizer` is provided it is
	     * invoked to produce the cloned values. If `customizer` returns `undefined`
	     * cloning is handled by the method instead. The `customizer` is bound to
	     * `thisArg` and invoked with two argument; (value [, index|key, object]).
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method is loosely based on the
	     * [structured clone algorithm](http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/infrastructure.html#internal-structured-cloning-algorithm).
	     * The enumerable properties of `arguments` objects and objects created by
	     * constructors other than `Object` are cloned to plain `Object` objects. An
	     * empty object is returned for uncloneable values such as functions, DOM nodes,
	     * Maps, Sets, and WeakMaps.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to clone.
	     * @param {boolean} [isDeep] Specify a deep clone.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize cloning values.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `customizer`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the cloned value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney' },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred' }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * var shallow = _.clone(users);
	     * shallow[0] === users[0];
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * var deep = _.clone(users, true);
	     * deep[0] === users[0];
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * // using a customizer callback
	     * var el = _.clone(document.body, function(value) {
	     *   if (_.isElement(value)) {
	     *     return value.cloneNode(false);
	     *   }
	     * });
	     *
	     * el === document.body
	     * // => false
	     * el.nodeName
	     * // => BODY
	     * el.childNodes.length;
	     * // => 0
	     */
	    function clone(value, isDeep, customizer, thisArg) {
	      if (isDeep && typeof isDeep != 'boolean' && isIterateeCall(value, isDeep, customizer)) {
	        isDeep = false;
	      }
	      else if (typeof isDeep == 'function') {
	        thisArg = customizer;
	        customizer = isDeep;
	        isDeep = false;
	      }
	      customizer = typeof customizer == 'function' && bindCallback(customizer, thisArg, 1);
	      return baseClone(value, isDeep, customizer);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a deep clone of `value`. If `customizer` is provided it is invoked
	     * to produce the cloned values. If `customizer` returns `undefined` cloning
	     * is handled by the method instead. The `customizer` is bound to `thisArg`
	     * and invoked with two argument; (value [, index|key, object]).
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method is loosely based on the
	     * [structured clone algorithm](http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/infrastructure.html#internal-structured-cloning-algorithm).
	     * The enumerable properties of `arguments` objects and objects created by
	     * constructors other than `Object` are cloned to plain `Object` objects. An
	     * empty object is returned for uncloneable values such as functions, DOM nodes,
	     * Maps, Sets, and WeakMaps.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to deep clone.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize cloning values.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `customizer`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the deep cloned value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney' },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred' }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * var deep = _.cloneDeep(users);
	     * deep[0] === users[0];
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * // using a customizer callback
	     * var el = _.cloneDeep(document.body, function(value) {
	     *   if (_.isElement(value)) {
	     *     return value.cloneNode(true);
	     *   }
	     * });
	     *
	     * el === document.body
	     * // => false
	     * el.nodeName
	     * // => BODY
	     * el.childNodes.length;
	     * // => 20
	     */
	    function cloneDeep(value, customizer, thisArg) {
	      customizer = typeof customizer == 'function' && bindCallback(customizer, thisArg, 1);
	      return baseClone(value, true, customizer);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is classified as an `arguments` object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is correctly classified, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isArguments(function() { return arguments; }());
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isArguments([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isArguments(value) {
	      return isObjectLike(value) && isArrayLike(value) && objToString.call(value) == argsTag;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is classified as an `Array` object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is correctly classified, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isArray([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isArray(function() { return arguments; }());
	     * // => false
	     */
	    var isArray = nativeIsArray || function(value) {
	      return isObjectLike(value) && isLength(value.length) && objToString.call(value) == arrayTag;
	    };

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is classified as a boolean primitive or object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is correctly classified, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isBoolean(false);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isBoolean(null);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isBoolean(value) {
	      return value === true || value === false || (isObjectLike(value) && objToString.call(value) == boolTag);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Date` object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is correctly classified, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isDate(new Date);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isDate('Mon April 23 2012');
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isDate(value) {
	      return isObjectLike(value) && objToString.call(value) == dateTag;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is a DOM element.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a DOM element, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isElement(document.body);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isElement('<body>');
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isElement(value) {
	      return !!value && value.nodeType === 1 && isObjectLike(value) &&
	        (objToString.call(value).indexOf('Element') > -1);
	    }
	    // Fallback for environments without DOM support.
	    if (!support.dom) {
	      isElement = function(value) {
	        return !!value && value.nodeType === 1 && isObjectLike(value) && !isPlainObject(value);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is empty. A value is considered empty unless it is an
	     * `arguments` object, array, string, or jQuery-like collection with a length
	     * greater than `0` or an object with own enumerable properties.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} value The value to inspect.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is empty, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isEmpty(null);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isEmpty(true);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isEmpty(1);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isEmpty([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.isEmpty({ 'a': 1 });
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isEmpty(value) {
	      if (value == null) {
	        return true;
	      }
	      if (isArrayLike(value) && (isArray(value) || isString(value) || isArguments(value) ||
	          (isObjectLike(value) && isFunction(value.splice)))) {
	        return !value.length;
	      }
	      return !keys(value).length;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Performs a deep comparison between two values to determine if they are
	     * equivalent. If `customizer` is provided it is invoked to compare values.
	     * If `customizer` returns `undefined` comparisons are handled by the method
	     * instead. The `customizer` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
	     * arguments: (value, other [, index|key]).
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method supports comparing arrays, booleans, `Date` objects,
	     * numbers, `Object` objects, regexes, and strings. Objects are compared by
	     * their own, not inherited, enumerable properties. Functions and DOM nodes
	     * are **not** supported. Provide a customizer function to extend support
	     * for comparing other values.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to compare.
	     * @param {*} other The other value to compare.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize value comparisons.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `customizer`.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the values are equivalent, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'user': 'fred' };
	     * var other = { 'user': 'fred' };
	     *
	     * object == other;
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.isEqual(object, other);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * // using a customizer callback
	     * var array = ['hello', 'goodbye'];
	     * var other = ['hi', 'goodbye'];
	     *
	     * _.isEqual(array, other, function(value, other) {
	     *   if (_.every([value, other], RegExp.prototype.test, /^h(?:i|ello)$/)) {
	     *     return true;
	     *   }
	     * });
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function isEqual(value, other, customizer, thisArg) {
	      customizer = typeof customizer == 'function' && bindCallback(customizer, thisArg, 3);
	      if (!customizer && isStrictComparable(value) && isStrictComparable(other)) {
	        return value === other;
	      }
	      var result = customizer ? customizer(value, other) : undefined;
	      return result === undefined ? baseIsEqual(value, other, customizer) : !!result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is an `Error`, `EvalError`, `RangeError`, `ReferenceError`,
	     * `SyntaxError`, `TypeError`, or `URIError` object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an error object, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isError(new Error);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isError(Error);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isError(value) {
	      return isObjectLike(value) && typeof value.message == 'string' && objToString.call(value) == errorTag;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is a finite primitive number.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method is based on [`Number.isFinite`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-number.isfinite).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a finite number, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isFinite(10);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isFinite('10');
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.isFinite(true);
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.isFinite(Object(10));
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.isFinite(Infinity);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    var isFinite = nativeNumIsFinite || function(value) {
	      return typeof value == 'number' && nativeIsFinite(value);
	    };

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Function` object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is correctly classified, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isFunction(_);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isFunction(/abc/);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    var isFunction = !(baseIsFunction(/x/) || (Uint8Array && !baseIsFunction(Uint8Array))) ? baseIsFunction : function(value) {
	      // The use of `Object#toString` avoids issues with the `typeof` operator
	      // in older versions of Chrome and Safari which return 'function' for regexes
	      // and Safari 8 equivalents which return 'object' for typed array constructors.
	      return objToString.call(value) == funcTag;
	    };

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is the [language type](https://es5.github.io/#x8) of `Object`.
	     * (e.g. arrays, functions, objects, regexes, `new Number(0)`, and `new String('')`)
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is an object, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isObject({});
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isObject([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isObject(1);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isObject(value) {
	      // Avoid a V8 JIT bug in Chrome 19-20.
	      // See https://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=2291 for more details.
	      var type = typeof value;
	      return type == 'function' || (!!value && type == 'object');
	    }

	    /**
	     * Performs a deep comparison between `object` and `source` to determine if
	     * `object` contains equivalent property values. If `customizer` is provided
	     * it is invoked to compare values. If `customizer` returns `undefined`
	     * comparisons are handled by the method instead. The `customizer` is bound
	     * to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments: (value, other, index|key).
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method supports comparing properties of arrays, booleans,
	     * `Date` objects, numbers, `Object` objects, regexes, and strings. Functions
	     * and DOM nodes are **not** supported. Provide a customizer function to extend
	     * support for comparing other values.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
	     * @param {Object} source The object of property values to match.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize value comparisons.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `customizer`.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `object` is a match, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40 };
	     *
	     * _.isMatch(object, { 'age': 40 });
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isMatch(object, { 'age': 36 });
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * // using a customizer callback
	     * var object = { 'greeting': 'hello' };
	     * var source = { 'greeting': 'hi' };
	     *
	     * _.isMatch(object, source, function(value, other) {
	     *   return _.every([value, other], RegExp.prototype.test, /^h(?:i|ello)$/) || undefined;
	     * });
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function isMatch(object, source, customizer, thisArg) {
	      var props = keys(source),
	          length = props.length;

	      if (!length) {
	        return true;
	      }
	      if (object == null) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      customizer = typeof customizer == 'function' && bindCallback(customizer, thisArg, 3);
	      object = toObject(object);
	      if (!customizer && length == 1) {
	        var key = props[0],
	            value = source[key];

	        if (isStrictComparable(value)) {
	          return value === object[key] && (value !== undefined || (key in object));
	        }
	      }
	      var values = Array(length),
	          strictCompareFlags = Array(length);

	      while (length--) {
	        value = values[length] = source[props[length]];
	        strictCompareFlags[length] = isStrictComparable(value);
	      }
	      return baseIsMatch(object, props, values, strictCompareFlags, customizer);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is `NaN`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method is not the same as [`isNaN`](https://es5.github.io/#x15.1.2.4)
	     * which returns `true` for `undefined` and other non-numeric values.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is `NaN`, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isNaN(NaN);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isNaN(new Number(NaN));
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * isNaN(undefined);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isNaN(undefined);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isNaN(value) {
	      // An `NaN` primitive is the only value that is not equal to itself.
	      // Perform the `toStringTag` check first to avoid errors with some host objects in IE.
	      return isNumber(value) && value != +value;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is a native function.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a native function, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isNative(Array.prototype.push);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isNative(_);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isNative(value) {
	      if (value == null) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      if (objToString.call(value) == funcTag) {
	        return reIsNative.test(fnToString.call(value));
	      }
	      return isObjectLike(value) && reIsHostCtor.test(value);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is `null`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is `null`, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isNull(null);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isNull(void 0);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isNull(value) {
	      return value === null;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is classified as a `Number` primitive or object.
	     *
	     * **Note:** To exclude `Infinity`, `-Infinity`, and `NaN`, which are classified
	     * as numbers, use the `_.isFinite` method.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is correctly classified, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isNumber(8.4);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isNumber(NaN);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isNumber('8.4');
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isNumber(value) {
	      return typeof value == 'number' || (isObjectLike(value) && objToString.call(value) == numberTag);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is a plain object, that is, an object created by the
	     * `Object` constructor or one with a `[[Prototype]]` of `null`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method assumes objects created by the `Object` constructor
	     * have no inherited enumerable properties.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is a plain object, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Foo() {
	     *   this.a = 1;
	     * }
	     *
	     * _.isPlainObject(new Foo);
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.isPlainObject([1, 2, 3]);
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.isPlainObject({ 'x': 0, 'y': 0 });
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isPlainObject(Object.create(null));
	     * // => true
	     */
	    var isPlainObject = !getPrototypeOf ? shimIsPlainObject : function(value) {
	      if (!(value && objToString.call(value) == objectTag)) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      var valueOf = value.valueOf,
	          objProto = isNative(valueOf) && (objProto = getPrototypeOf(valueOf)) && getPrototypeOf(objProto);

	      return objProto
	        ? (value == objProto || getPrototypeOf(value) == objProto)
	        : shimIsPlainObject(value);
	    };

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is classified as a `RegExp` object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is correctly classified, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isRegExp(/abc/);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isRegExp('/abc/');
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isRegExp(value) {
	      return isObjectLike(value) && objToString.call(value) == regexpTag;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is classified as a `String` primitive or object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is correctly classified, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isString('abc');
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isString(1);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isString(value) {
	      return typeof value == 'string' || (isObjectLike(value) && objToString.call(value) == stringTag);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is classified as a typed array.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is correctly classified, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isTypedArray(new Uint8Array);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isTypedArray([]);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isTypedArray(value) {
	      return isObjectLike(value) && isLength(value.length) && !!typedArrayTags[objToString.call(value)];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `value` is `undefined`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `value` is `undefined`, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.isUndefined(void 0);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.isUndefined(null);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function isUndefined(value) {
	      return value === undefined;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Converts `value` to an array.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to convert.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the converted array.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * (function() {
	     *   return _.toArray(arguments).slice(1);
	     * }(1, 2, 3));
	     * // => [2, 3]
	     */
	    function toArray(value) {
	      var length = value ? getLength(value) : 0;
	      if (!isLength(length)) {
	        return values(value);
	      }
	      if (!length) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      return arrayCopy(value);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Converts `value` to a plain object flattening inherited enumerable
	     * properties of `value` to own properties of the plain object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Lang
	     * @param {*} value The value to convert.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the converted plain object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Foo() {
	     *   this.b = 2;
	     * }
	     *
	     * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
	     *
	     * _.assign({ 'a': 1 }, new Foo);
	     * // => { 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }
	     *
	     * _.assign({ 'a': 1 }, _.toPlainObject(new Foo));
	     * // => { 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3 }
	     */
	    function toPlainObject(value) {
	      return baseCopy(value, keysIn(value));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Assigns own enumerable properties of source object(s) to the destination
	     * object. Subsequent sources overwrite property assignments of previous sources.
	     * If `customizer` is provided it is invoked to produce the assigned values.
	     * The `customizer` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with five arguments:
	     * (objectValue, sourceValue, key, object, source).
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method mutates `object` and is based on
	     * [`Object.assign`](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-object.assign).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias extend
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
	     * @param {...Object} [sources] The source objects.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize assigned values.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `customizer`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.assign({ 'user': 'barney' }, { 'age': 40 }, { 'user': 'fred' });
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40 }
	     *
	     * // using a customizer callback
	     * var defaults = _.partialRight(_.assign, function(value, other) {
	     *   return _.isUndefined(value) ? other : value;
	     * });
	     *
	     * defaults({ 'user': 'barney' }, { 'age': 36 }, { 'user': 'fred' });
	     * // => { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 }
	     */
	    var assign = createAssigner(function(object, source, customizer) {
	      return customizer
	        ? assignWith(object, source, customizer)
	        : baseAssign(object, source);
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates an object that inherits from the given `prototype` object. If a
	     * `properties` object is provided its own enumerable properties are assigned
	     * to the created object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} prototype The object to inherit from.
	     * @param {Object} [properties] The properties to assign to the object.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Shape() {
	     *   this.x = 0;
	     *   this.y = 0;
	     * }
	     *
	     * function Circle() {
	     *   Shape.call(this);
	     * }
	     *
	     * Circle.prototype = _.create(Shape.prototype, {
	     *   'constructor': Circle
	     * });
	     *
	     * var circle = new Circle;
	     * circle instanceof Circle;
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * circle instanceof Shape;
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function create(prototype, properties, guard) {
	      var result = baseCreate(prototype);
	      if (guard && isIterateeCall(prototype, properties, guard)) {
	        properties = null;
	      }
	      return properties ? baseAssign(result, properties) : result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Assigns own enumerable properties of source object(s) to the destination
	     * object for all destination properties that resolve to `undefined`. Once a
	     * property is set, additional values of the same property are ignored.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method mutates `object`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
	     * @param {...Object} [sources] The source objects.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.defaults({ 'user': 'barney' }, { 'age': 36 }, { 'user': 'fred' });
	     * // => { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 }
	     */
	    var defaults = restParam(function(args) {
	      var object = args[0];
	      if (object == null) {
	        return object;
	      }
	      args.push(assignDefaults);
	      return assign.apply(undefined, args);
	    });

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.find` except that it returns the key of the first
	     * element `predicate` returns truthy for instead of the element itself.
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to search.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {string|undefined} Returns the key of the matched element, else `undefined`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = {
	     *   'barney':  { 'age': 36, 'active': true },
	     *   'fred':    { 'age': 40, 'active': false },
	     *   'pebbles': { 'age': 1,  'active': true }
	     * };
	     *
	     * _.findKey(users, function(chr) {
	     *   return chr.age < 40;
	     * });
	     * // => 'barney' (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.findKey(users, { 'age': 1, 'active': true });
	     * // => 'pebbles'
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.findKey(users, 'active', false);
	     * // => 'fred'
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.findKey(users, 'active');
	     * // => 'barney'
	     */
	    var findKey = createFindKey(baseForOwn);

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.findKey` except that it iterates over elements of
	     * a collection in the opposite order.
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `predicate` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `predicate` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to search.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [predicate=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {string|undefined} Returns the key of the matched element, else `undefined`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = {
	     *   'barney':  { 'age': 36, 'active': true },
	     *   'fred':    { 'age': 40, 'active': false },
	     *   'pebbles': { 'age': 1,  'active': true }
	     * };
	     *
	     * _.findLastKey(users, function(chr) {
	     *   return chr.age < 40;
	     * });
	     * // => returns `pebbles` assuming `_.findKey` returns `barney`
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matches` callback shorthand
	     * _.findLastKey(users, { 'age': 36, 'active': true });
	     * // => 'barney'
	     *
	     * // using the `_.matchesProperty` callback shorthand
	     * _.findLastKey(users, 'active', false);
	     * // => 'fred'
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.findLastKey(users, 'active');
	     * // => 'pebbles'
	     */
	    var findLastKey = createFindKey(baseForOwnRight);

	    /**
	     * Iterates over own and inherited enumerable properties of an object invoking
	     * `iteratee` for each property. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked
	     * with three arguments: (value, key, object). Iteratee functions may exit
	     * iteration early by explicitly returning `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Foo() {
	     *   this.a = 1;
	     *   this.b = 2;
	     * }
	     *
	     * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
	     *
	     * _.forIn(new Foo, function(value, key) {
	     *   console.log(key);
	     * });
	     * // => logs 'a', 'b', and 'c' (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     */
	    var forIn = createForIn(baseFor);

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.forIn` except that it iterates over properties of
	     * `object` in the opposite order.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Foo() {
	     *   this.a = 1;
	     *   this.b = 2;
	     * }
	     *
	     * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
	     *
	     * _.forInRight(new Foo, function(value, key) {
	     *   console.log(key);
	     * });
	     * // => logs 'c', 'b', and 'a' assuming `_.forIn ` logs 'a', 'b', and 'c'
	     */
	    var forInRight = createForIn(baseForRight);

	    /**
	     * Iterates over own enumerable properties of an object invoking `iteratee`
	     * for each property. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with
	     * three arguments: (value, key, object). Iteratee functions may exit iteration
	     * early by explicitly returning `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Foo() {
	     *   this.a = 1;
	     *   this.b = 2;
	     * }
	     *
	     * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
	     *
	     * _.forOwn(new Foo, function(value, key) {
	     *   console.log(key);
	     * });
	     * // => logs 'a' and 'b' (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     */
	    var forOwn = createForOwn(baseForOwn);

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.forOwn` except that it iterates over properties of
	     * `object` in the opposite order.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Foo() {
	     *   this.a = 1;
	     *   this.b = 2;
	     * }
	     *
	     * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
	     *
	     * _.forOwnRight(new Foo, function(value, key) {
	     *   console.log(key);
	     * });
	     * // => logs 'b' and 'a' assuming `_.forOwn` logs 'a' and 'b'
	     */
	    var forOwnRight = createForOwn(baseForOwnRight);

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of function property names from all enumerable properties,
	     * own and inherited, of `object`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias methods
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to inspect.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of property names.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.functions(_);
	     * // => ['after', 'ary', 'assign', ...]
	     */
	    function functions(object) {
	      return baseFunctions(object, keysIn(object));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets the property value of `path` on `object`. If the resolved value is
	     * `undefined` the `defaultValue` is used in its place.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to get.
	     * @param {*} [defaultValue] The value returned if the resolved value is `undefined`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the resolved value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c': 3 } }] };
	     *
	     * _.get(object, 'a[0].b.c');
	     * // => 3
	     *
	     * _.get(object, ['a', '0', 'b', 'c']);
	     * // => 3
	     *
	     * _.get(object, 'a.b.c', 'default');
	     * // => 'default'
	     */
	    function get(object, path, defaultValue) {
	      var result = object == null ? undefined : baseGet(object, toPath(path), path + '');
	      return result === undefined ? defaultValue : result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `path` is a direct property.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @param {Array|string} path The path to check.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `path` is a direct property, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'a': { 'b': { 'c': 3 } } };
	     *
	     * _.has(object, 'a');
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.has(object, 'a.b.c');
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.has(object, ['a', 'b', 'c']);
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function has(object, path) {
	      if (object == null) {
	        return false;
	      }
	      var result = hasOwnProperty.call(object, path);
	      if (!result && !isKey(path)) {
	        path = toPath(path);
	        object = path.length == 1 ? object : baseGet(object, baseSlice(path, 0, -1));
	        path = last(path);
	        result = object != null && hasOwnProperty.call(object, path);
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an object composed of the inverted keys and values of `object`.
	     * If `object` contains duplicate values, subsequent values overwrite property
	     * assignments of previous values unless `multiValue` is `true`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to invert.
	     * @param {boolean} [multiValue] Allow multiple values per key.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new inverted object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 1 };
	     *
	     * _.invert(object);
	     * // => { '1': 'c', '2': 'b' }
	     *
	     * // with `multiValue`
	     * _.invert(object, true);
	     * // => { '1': ['a', 'c'], '2': ['b'] }
	     */
	    function invert(object, multiValue, guard) {
	      if (guard && isIterateeCall(object, multiValue, guard)) {
	        multiValue = null;
	      }
	      var index = -1,
	          props = keys(object),
	          length = props.length,
	          result = {};

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var key = props[index],
	            value = object[key];

	        if (multiValue) {
	          if (hasOwnProperty.call(result, value)) {
	            result[value].push(key);
	          } else {
	            result[value] = [key];
	          }
	        }
	        else {
	          result[value] = key;
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of the own enumerable property names of `object`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** Non-object values are coerced to objects. See the
	     * [ES spec](https://people.mozilla.org/~jorendorff/es6-draft.html#sec-object.keys)
	     * for more details.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Foo() {
	     *   this.a = 1;
	     *   this.b = 2;
	     * }
	     *
	     * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
	     *
	     * _.keys(new Foo);
	     * // => ['a', 'b'] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     *
	     * _.keys('hi');
	     * // => ['0', '1']
	     */
	    var keys = !nativeKeys ? shimKeys : function(object) {
	      var Ctor = object != null && object.constructor;
	      if ((typeof Ctor == 'function' && Ctor.prototype === object) ||
	          (typeof object != 'function' && isArrayLike(object))) {
	        return shimKeys(object);
	      }
	      return isObject(object) ? nativeKeys(object) : [];
	    };

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of the own and inherited enumerable property names of `object`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** Non-object values are coerced to objects.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property names.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Foo() {
	     *   this.a = 1;
	     *   this.b = 2;
	     * }
	     *
	     * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
	     *
	     * _.keysIn(new Foo);
	     * // => ['a', 'b', 'c'] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     */
	    function keysIn(object) {
	      if (object == null) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      if (!isObject(object)) {
	        object = Object(object);
	      }
	      var length = object.length;
	      length = (length && isLength(length) &&
	        (isArray(object) || (support.nonEnumArgs && isArguments(object))) && length) || 0;

	      var Ctor = object.constructor,
	          index = -1,
	          isProto = typeof Ctor == 'function' && Ctor.prototype === object,
	          result = Array(length),
	          skipIndexes = length > 0;

	      while (++index < length) {
	        result[index] = (index + '');
	      }
	      for (var key in object) {
	        if (!(skipIndexes && isIndex(key, length)) &&
	            !(key == 'constructor' && (isProto || !hasOwnProperty.call(object, key)))) {
	          result.push(key);
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The opposite of `_.mapValues`; this method creates an object with the
	     * same values as `object` and keys generated by running each own enumerable
	     * property of `object` through `iteratee`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new mapped object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.mapKeys({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }, function(value, key) {
	     *   return key + value;
	     * });
	     * // => { 'a1': 1, 'b2': 2 }
	     */
	    var mapKeys = createObjectMapper(true);

	    /**
	     * Creates an object with the same keys as `object` and values generated by
	     * running each own enumerable property of `object` through `iteratee`. The
	     * iteratee function is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments:
	     * (value, key, object).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked
	     *  per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new mapped object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.mapValues({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }, function(n) {
	     *   return n * 3;
	     * });
	     * // => { 'a': 3, 'b': 6 }
	     *
	     * var users = {
	     *   'fred':    { 'user': 'fred',    'age': 40 },
	     *   'pebbles': { 'user': 'pebbles', 'age': 1 }
	     * };
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.mapValues(users, 'age');
	     * // => { 'fred': 40, 'pebbles': 1 } (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     */
	    var mapValues = createObjectMapper();

	    /**
	     * Recursively merges own enumerable properties of the source object(s), that
	     * don't resolve to `undefined` into the destination object. Subsequent sources
	     * overwrite property assignments of previous sources. If `customizer` is
	     * provided it is invoked to produce the merged values of the destination and
	     * source properties. If `customizer` returns `undefined` merging is handled
	     * by the method instead. The `customizer` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked
	     * with five arguments: (objectValue, sourceValue, key, object, source).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The destination object.
	     * @param {...Object} [sources] The source objects.
	     * @param {Function} [customizer] The function to customize assigned values.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `customizer`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = {
	     *   'data': [{ 'user': 'barney' }, { 'user': 'fred' }]
	     * };
	     *
	     * var ages = {
	     *   'data': [{ 'age': 36 }, { 'age': 40 }]
	     * };
	     *
	     * _.merge(users, ages);
	     * // => { 'data': [{ 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 }, { 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40 }] }
	     *
	     * // using a customizer callback
	     * var object = {
	     *   'fruits': ['apple'],
	     *   'vegetables': ['beet']
	     * };
	     *
	     * var other = {
	     *   'fruits': ['banana'],
	     *   'vegetables': ['carrot']
	     * };
	     *
	     * _.merge(object, other, function(a, b) {
	     *   if (_.isArray(a)) {
	     *     return a.concat(b);
	     *   }
	     * });
	     * // => { 'fruits': ['apple', 'banana'], 'vegetables': ['beet', 'carrot'] }
	     */
	    var merge = createAssigner(baseMerge);

	    /**
	     * The opposite of `_.pick`; this method creates an object composed of the
	     * own and inherited enumerable properties of `object` that are not omitted.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The source object.
	     * @param {Function|...(string|string[])} [predicate] The function invoked per
	     *  iteration or property names to omit, specified as individual property
	     *  names or arrays of property names.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40 };
	     *
	     * _.omit(object, 'age');
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred' }
	     *
	     * _.omit(object, _.isNumber);
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred' }
	     */
	    var omit = restParam(function(object, props) {
	      if (object == null) {
	        return {};
	      }
	      if (typeof props[0] != 'function') {
	        var props = arrayMap(baseFlatten(props), String);
	        return pickByArray(object, baseDifference(keysIn(object), props));
	      }
	      var predicate = bindCallback(props[0], props[1], 3);
	      return pickByCallback(object, function(value, key, object) {
	        return !predicate(value, key, object);
	      });
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates a two dimensional array of the key-value pairs for `object`,
	     * e.g. `[[key1, value1], [key2, value2]]`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of key-value pairs.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.pairs({ 'barney': 36, 'fred': 40 });
	     * // => [['barney', 36], ['fred', 40]] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     */
	    function pairs(object) {
	      var index = -1,
	          props = keys(object),
	          length = props.length,
	          result = Array(length);

	      while (++index < length) {
	        var key = props[index];
	        result[index] = [key, object[key]];
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an object composed of the picked `object` properties. Property
	     * names may be specified as individual arguments or as arrays of property
	     * names. If `predicate` is provided it is invoked for each property of `object`
	     * picking the properties `predicate` returns truthy for. The predicate is
	     * bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three arguments: (value, key, object).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The source object.
	     * @param {Function|...(string|string[])} [predicate] The function invoked per
	     *  iteration or property names to pick, specified as individual property
	     *  names or arrays of property names.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `predicate`.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns the new object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40 };
	     *
	     * _.pick(object, 'user');
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred' }
	     *
	     * _.pick(object, _.isString);
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred' }
	     */
	    var pick = restParam(function(object, props) {
	      if (object == null) {
	        return {};
	      }
	      return typeof props[0] == 'function'
	        ? pickByCallback(object, bindCallback(props[0], props[1], 3))
	        : pickByArray(object, baseFlatten(props));
	    });

	    /**
	     * This method is like `_.get` except that if the resolved value is a function
	     * it is invoked with the `this` binding of its parent object and its result
	     * is returned.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to resolve.
	     * @param {*} [defaultValue] The value returned if the resolved value is `undefined`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the resolved value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c1': 3, 'c2': _.constant(4) } }] };
	     *
	     * _.result(object, 'a[0].b.c1');
	     * // => 3
	     *
	     * _.result(object, 'a[0].b.c2');
	     * // => 4
	     *
	     * _.result(object, 'a.b.c', 'default');
	     * // => 'default'
	     *
	     * _.result(object, 'a.b.c', _.constant('default'));
	     * // => 'default'
	     */
	    function result(object, path, defaultValue) {
	      var result = object == null ? undefined : object[path];
	      if (result === undefined) {
	        if (object != null && !isKey(path, object)) {
	          path = toPath(path);
	          object = path.length == 1 ? object : baseGet(object, baseSlice(path, 0, -1));
	          result = object == null ? undefined : object[last(path)];
	        }
	        result = result === undefined ? defaultValue : result;
	      }
	      return isFunction(result) ? result.call(object) : result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Sets the property value of `path` on `object`. If a portion of `path`
	     * does not exist it is created.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to augment.
	     * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to set.
	     * @param {*} value The value to set.
	     * @returns {Object} Returns `object`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'a': [{ 'b': { 'c': 3 } }] };
	     *
	     * _.set(object, 'a[0].b.c', 4);
	     * console.log(object.a[0].b.c);
	     * // => 4
	     *
	     * _.set(object, 'x[0].y.z', 5);
	     * console.log(object.x[0].y.z);
	     * // => 5
	     */
	    function set(object, path, value) {
	      if (object == null) {
	        return object;
	      }
	      var pathKey = (path + '');
	      path = (object[pathKey] != null || isKey(path, object)) ? [pathKey] : toPath(path);

	      var index = -1,
	          length = path.length,
	          endIndex = length - 1,
	          nested = object;

	      while (nested != null && ++index < length) {
	        var key = path[index];
	        if (isObject(nested)) {
	          if (index == endIndex) {
	            nested[key] = value;
	          } else if (nested[key] == null) {
	            nested[key] = isIndex(path[index + 1]) ? [] : {};
	          }
	        }
	        nested = nested[key];
	      }
	      return object;
	    }

	    /**
	     * An alternative to `_.reduce`; this method transforms `object` to a new
	     * `accumulator` object which is the result of running each of its own enumerable
	     * properties through `iteratee`, with each invocation potentially mutating
	     * the `accumulator` object. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked
	     * with four arguments: (accumulator, value, key, object). Iteratee functions
	     * may exit iteration early by explicitly returning `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Array|Object} object The object to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [accumulator] The custom accumulator value.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the accumulated value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.transform([2, 3, 4], function(result, n) {
	     *   result.push(n *= n);
	     *   return n % 2 == 0;
	     * });
	     * // => [4, 9]
	     *
	     * _.transform({ 'a': 1, 'b': 2 }, function(result, n, key) {
	     *   result[key] = n * 3;
	     * });
	     * // => { 'a': 3, 'b': 6 }
	     */
	    function transform(object, iteratee, accumulator, thisArg) {
	      var isArr = isArray(object) || isTypedArray(object);
	      iteratee = getCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 4);

	      if (accumulator == null) {
	        if (isArr || isObject(object)) {
	          var Ctor = object.constructor;
	          if (isArr) {
	            accumulator = isArray(object) ? new Ctor : [];
	          } else {
	            accumulator = baseCreate(isFunction(Ctor) && Ctor.prototype);
	          }
	        } else {
	          accumulator = {};
	        }
	      }
	      (isArr ? arrayEach : baseForOwn)(object, function(value, index, object) {
	        return iteratee(accumulator, value, index, object);
	      });
	      return accumulator;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of the own enumerable property values of `object`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** Non-object values are coerced to objects.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property values.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Foo() {
	     *   this.a = 1;
	     *   this.b = 2;
	     * }
	     *
	     * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
	     *
	     * _.values(new Foo);
	     * // => [1, 2] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     *
	     * _.values('hi');
	     * // => ['h', 'i']
	     */
	    function values(object) {
	      return baseValues(object, keys(object));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of the own and inherited enumerable property values
	     * of `object`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** Non-object values are coerced to objects.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Object
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the array of property values.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function Foo() {
	     *   this.a = 1;
	     *   this.b = 2;
	     * }
	     *
	     * Foo.prototype.c = 3;
	     *
	     * _.valuesIn(new Foo);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3] (iteration order is not guaranteed)
	     */
	    function valuesIn(object) {
	      return baseValues(object, keysIn(object));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `n` is between `start` and up to but not including, `end`. If
	     * `end` is not specified it is set to `start` with `start` then set to `0`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Number
	     * @param {number} n The number to check.
	     * @param {number} [start=0] The start of the range.
	     * @param {number} end The end of the range.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `n` is in the range, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.inRange(3, 2, 4);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.inRange(4, 8);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.inRange(4, 2);
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.inRange(2, 2);
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.inRange(1.2, 2);
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.inRange(5.2, 4);
	     * // => false
	     */
	    function inRange(value, start, end) {
	      start = +start || 0;
	      if (typeof end === 'undefined') {
	        end = start;
	        start = 0;
	      } else {
	        end = +end || 0;
	      }
	      return value >= nativeMin(start, end) && value < nativeMax(start, end);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Produces a random number between `min` and `max` (inclusive). If only one
	     * argument is provided a number between `0` and the given number is returned.
	     * If `floating` is `true`, or either `min` or `max` are floats, a floating-point
	     * number is returned instead of an integer.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Number
	     * @param {number} [min=0] The minimum possible value.
	     * @param {number} [max=1] The maximum possible value.
	     * @param {boolean} [floating] Specify returning a floating-point number.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the random number.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.random(0, 5);
	     * // => an integer between 0 and 5
	     *
	     * _.random(5);
	     * // => also an integer between 0 and 5
	     *
	     * _.random(5, true);
	     * // => a floating-point number between 0 and 5
	     *
	     * _.random(1.2, 5.2);
	     * // => a floating-point number between 1.2 and 5.2
	     */
	    function random(min, max, floating) {
	      if (floating && isIterateeCall(min, max, floating)) {
	        max = floating = null;
	      }
	      var noMin = min == null,
	          noMax = max == null;

	      if (floating == null) {
	        if (noMax && typeof min == 'boolean') {
	          floating = min;
	          min = 1;
	        }
	        else if (typeof max == 'boolean') {
	          floating = max;
	          noMax = true;
	        }
	      }
	      if (noMin && noMax) {
	        max = 1;
	        noMax = false;
	      }
	      min = +min || 0;
	      if (noMax) {
	        max = min;
	        min = 0;
	      } else {
	        max = +max || 0;
	      }
	      if (floating || min % 1 || max % 1) {
	        var rand = nativeRandom();
	        return nativeMin(min + (rand * (max - min + parseFloat('1e-' + ((rand + '').length - 1)))), max);
	      }
	      return baseRandom(min, max);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Converts `string` to [camel case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CamelCase).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the camel cased string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.camelCase('Foo Bar');
	     * // => 'fooBar'
	     *
	     * _.camelCase('--foo-bar');
	     * // => 'fooBar'
	     *
	     * _.camelCase('__foo_bar__');
	     * // => 'fooBar'
	     */
	    var camelCase = createCompounder(function(result, word, index) {
	      word = word.toLowerCase();
	      return result + (index ? (word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1)) : word);
	    });

	    /**
	     * Capitalizes the first character of `string`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to capitalize.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the capitalized string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.capitalize('fred');
	     * // => 'Fred'
	     */
	    function capitalize(string) {
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      return string && (string.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + string.slice(1));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Deburrs `string` by converting [latin-1 supplementary letters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin-1_Supplement_(Unicode_block)#Character_table)
	     * to basic latin letters and removing [combining diacritical marks](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combining_Diacritical_Marks).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to deburr.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the deburred string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.deburr('déjà vu');
	     * // => 'deja vu'
	     */
	    function deburr(string) {
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      return string && string.replace(reLatin1, deburrLetter).replace(reComboMark, '');
	    }

	    /**
	     * Checks if `string` ends with the given target string.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to search.
	     * @param {string} [target] The string to search for.
	     * @param {number} [position=string.length] The position to search from.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `string` ends with `target`, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.endsWith('abc', 'c');
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.endsWith('abc', 'b');
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.endsWith('abc', 'b', 2);
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function endsWith(string, target, position) {
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      target = (target + '');

	      var length = string.length;
	      position = position === undefined
	        ? length
	        : nativeMin(position < 0 ? 0 : (+position || 0), length);

	      position -= target.length;
	      return position >= 0 && string.indexOf(target, position) == position;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Converts the characters "&", "<", ">", '"', "'", and "\`", in `string` to
	     * their corresponding HTML entities.
	     *
	     * **Note:** No other characters are escaped. To escape additional characters
	     * use a third-party library like [_he_](https://mths.be/he).
	     *
	     * Though the ">" character is escaped for symmetry, characters like
	     * ">" and "/" don't require escaping in HTML and have no special meaning
	     * unless they're part of a tag or unquoted attribute value.
	     * See [Mathias Bynens's article](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/ambiguous-ampersands)
	     * (under "semi-related fun fact") for more details.
	     *
	     * Backticks are escaped because in Internet Explorer < 9, they can break out
	     * of attribute values or HTML comments. See [#59](https://html5sec.org/#59),
	     * [#102](https://html5sec.org/#102), [#108](https://html5sec.org/#108), and
	     * [#133](https://html5sec.org/#133) of the [HTML5 Security Cheatsheet](https://html5sec.org/)
	     * for more details.
	     *
	     * When working with HTML you should always [quote attribute values](http://wonko.com/post/html-escaping)
	     * to reduce XSS vectors.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to escape.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the escaped string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.escape('fred, barney, & pebbles');
	     * // => 'fred, barney, &amp; pebbles'
	     */
	    function escape(string) {
	      // Reset `lastIndex` because in IE < 9 `String#replace` does not.
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      return (string && reHasUnescapedHtml.test(string))
	        ? string.replace(reUnescapedHtml, escapeHtmlChar)
	        : string;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Escapes the `RegExp` special characters "\", "/", "^", "$", ".", "|", "?",
	     * "*", "+", "(", ")", "[", "]", "{" and "}" in `string`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to escape.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the escaped string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.escapeRegExp('[lodash](https://lodash.com/)');
	     * // => '\[lodash\]\(https:\/\/lodash\.com\/\)'
	     */
	    function escapeRegExp(string) {
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      return (string && reHasRegExpChars.test(string))
	        ? string.replace(reRegExpChars, '\\$&')
	        : string;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Converts `string` to [kebab case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_case#Special_case_styles).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the kebab cased string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.kebabCase('Foo Bar');
	     * // => 'foo-bar'
	     *
	     * _.kebabCase('fooBar');
	     * // => 'foo-bar'
	     *
	     * _.kebabCase('__foo_bar__');
	     * // => 'foo-bar'
	     */
	    var kebabCase = createCompounder(function(result, word, index) {
	      return result + (index ? '-' : '') + word.toLowerCase();
	    });

	    /**
	     * Pads `string` on the left and right sides if it is shorter than `length`.
	     * Padding characters are truncated if they can't be evenly divided by `length`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to pad.
	     * @param {number} [length=0] The padding length.
	     * @param {string} [chars=' '] The string used as padding.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the padded string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.pad('abc', 8);
	     * // => '  abc   '
	     *
	     * _.pad('abc', 8, '_-');
	     * // => '_-abc_-_'
	     *
	     * _.pad('abc', 3);
	     * // => 'abc'
	     */
	    function pad(string, length, chars) {
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      length = +length;

	      var strLength = string.length;
	      if (strLength >= length || !nativeIsFinite(length)) {
	        return string;
	      }
	      var mid = (length - strLength) / 2,
	          leftLength = floor(mid),
	          rightLength = ceil(mid);

	      chars = createPadding('', rightLength, chars);
	      return chars.slice(0, leftLength) + string + chars;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Pads `string` on the left side if it is shorter than `length`. Padding
	     * characters are truncated if they exceed `length`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to pad.
	     * @param {number} [length=0] The padding length.
	     * @param {string} [chars=' '] The string used as padding.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the padded string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.padLeft('abc', 6);
	     * // => '   abc'
	     *
	     * _.padLeft('abc', 6, '_-');
	     * // => '_-_abc'
	     *
	     * _.padLeft('abc', 3);
	     * // => 'abc'
	     */
	    var padLeft = createPadDir();

	    /**
	     * Pads `string` on the right side if it is shorter than `length`. Padding
	     * characters are truncated if they exceed `length`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to pad.
	     * @param {number} [length=0] The padding length.
	     * @param {string} [chars=' '] The string used as padding.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the padded string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.padRight('abc', 6);
	     * // => 'abc   '
	     *
	     * _.padRight('abc', 6, '_-');
	     * // => 'abc_-_'
	     *
	     * _.padRight('abc', 3);
	     * // => 'abc'
	     */
	    var padRight = createPadDir(true);

	    /**
	     * Converts `string` to an integer of the specified radix. If `radix` is
	     * `undefined` or `0`, a `radix` of `10` is used unless `value` is a hexadecimal,
	     * in which case a `radix` of `16` is used.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method aligns with the [ES5 implementation](https://es5.github.io/#E)
	     * of `parseInt`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} string The string to convert.
	     * @param {number} [radix] The radix to interpret `value` by.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the converted integer.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.parseInt('08');
	     * // => 8
	     *
	     * _.map(['6', '08', '10'], _.parseInt);
	     * // => [6, 8, 10]
	     */
	    function parseInt(string, radix, guard) {
	      if (guard && isIterateeCall(string, radix, guard)) {
	        radix = 0;
	      }
	      return nativeParseInt(string, radix);
	    }
	    // Fallback for environments with pre-ES5 implementations.
	    if (nativeParseInt(whitespace + '08') != 8) {
	      parseInt = function(string, radix, guard) {
	        // Firefox < 21 and Opera < 15 follow ES3 for `parseInt`.
	        // Chrome fails to trim leading <BOM> whitespace characters.
	        // See https://code.google.com/p/v8/issues/detail?id=3109 for more details.
	        if (guard ? isIterateeCall(string, radix, guard) : radix == null) {
	          radix = 0;
	        } else if (radix) {
	          radix = +radix;
	        }
	        string = trim(string);
	        return nativeParseInt(string, radix || (reHasHexPrefix.test(string) ? 16 : 10));
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Repeats the given string `n` times.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to repeat.
	     * @param {number} [n=0] The number of times to repeat the string.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the repeated string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.repeat('*', 3);
	     * // => '***'
	     *
	     * _.repeat('abc', 2);
	     * // => 'abcabc'
	     *
	     * _.repeat('abc', 0);
	     * // => ''
	     */
	    function repeat(string, n) {
	      var result = '';
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      n = +n;
	      if (n < 1 || !string || !nativeIsFinite(n)) {
	        return result;
	      }
	      // Leverage the exponentiation by squaring algorithm for a faster repeat.
	      // See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation_by_squaring for more details.
	      do {
	        if (n % 2) {
	          result += string;
	        }
	        n = floor(n / 2);
	        string += string;
	      } while (n);

	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Converts `string` to [snake case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snake_case).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the snake cased string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.snakeCase('Foo Bar');
	     * // => 'foo_bar'
	     *
	     * _.snakeCase('fooBar');
	     * // => 'foo_bar'
	     *
	     * _.snakeCase('--foo-bar');
	     * // => 'foo_bar'
	     */
	    var snakeCase = createCompounder(function(result, word, index) {
	      return result + (index ? '_' : '') + word.toLowerCase();
	    });

	    /**
	     * Converts `string` to [start case](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_case#Stylistic_or_specialised_usage).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to convert.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the start cased string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.startCase('--foo-bar');
	     * // => 'Foo Bar'
	     *
	     * _.startCase('fooBar');
	     * // => 'Foo Bar'
	     *
	     * _.startCase('__foo_bar__');
	     * // => 'Foo Bar'
	     */
	    var startCase = createCompounder(function(result, word, index) {
	      return result + (index ? ' ' : '') + (word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1));
	    });

	    /**
	     * Checks if `string` starts with the given target string.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to search.
	     * @param {string} [target] The string to search for.
	     * @param {number} [position=0] The position to search from.
	     * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if `string` starts with `target`, else `false`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.startsWith('abc', 'a');
	     * // => true
	     *
	     * _.startsWith('abc', 'b');
	     * // => false
	     *
	     * _.startsWith('abc', 'b', 1);
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function startsWith(string, target, position) {
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      position = position == null
	        ? 0
	        : nativeMin(position < 0 ? 0 : (+position || 0), string.length);

	      return string.lastIndexOf(target, position) == position;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a compiled template function that can interpolate data properties
	     * in "interpolate" delimiters, HTML-escape interpolated data properties in
	     * "escape" delimiters, and execute JavaScript in "evaluate" delimiters. Data
	     * properties may be accessed as free variables in the template. If a setting
	     * object is provided it takes precedence over `_.templateSettings` values.
	     *
	     * **Note:** In the development build `_.template` utilizes
	     * [sourceURLs](http://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/developertools/sourcemaps/#toc-sourceurl)
	     * for easier debugging.
	     *
	     * For more information on precompiling templates see
	     * [lodash's custom builds documentation](https://lodash.com/custom-builds).
	     *
	     * For more information on Chrome extension sandboxes see
	     * [Chrome's extensions documentation](https://developer.chrome.com/extensions/sandboxingEval).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The template string.
	     * @param {Object} [options] The options object.
	     * @param {RegExp} [options.escape] The HTML "escape" delimiter.
	     * @param {RegExp} [options.evaluate] The "evaluate" delimiter.
	     * @param {Object} [options.imports] An object to import into the template as free variables.
	     * @param {RegExp} [options.interpolate] The "interpolate" delimiter.
	     * @param {string} [options.sourceURL] The sourceURL of the template's compiled source.
	     * @param {string} [options.variable] The data object variable name.
	     * @param- {Object} [otherOptions] Enables the legacy `options` param signature.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the compiled template function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * // using the "interpolate" delimiter to create a compiled template
	     * var compiled = _.template('hello <%= user %>!');
	     * compiled({ 'user': 'fred' });
	     * // => 'hello fred!'
	     *
	     * // using the HTML "escape" delimiter to escape data property values
	     * var compiled = _.template('<b><%- value %></b>');
	     * compiled({ 'value': '<script>' });
	     * // => '<b>&lt;script&gt;</b>'
	     *
	     * // using the "evaluate" delimiter to execute JavaScript and generate HTML
	     * var compiled = _.template('<% _.forEach(users, function(user) { %><li><%- user %></li><% }); %>');
	     * compiled({ 'users': ['fred', 'barney'] });
	     * // => '<li>fred</li><li>barney</li>'
	     *
	     * // using the internal `print` function in "evaluate" delimiters
	     * var compiled = _.template('<% print("hello " + user); %>!');
	     * compiled({ 'user': 'barney' });
	     * // => 'hello barney!'
	     *
	     * // using the ES delimiter as an alternative to the default "interpolate" delimiter
	     * var compiled = _.template('hello ${ user }!');
	     * compiled({ 'user': 'pebbles' });
	     * // => 'hello pebbles!'
	     *
	     * // using custom template delimiters
	     * _.templateSettings.interpolate = /{{([\s\S]+?)}}/g;
	     * var compiled = _.template('hello {{ user }}!');
	     * compiled({ 'user': 'mustache' });
	     * // => 'hello mustache!'
	     *
	     * // using backslashes to treat delimiters as plain text
	     * var compiled = _.template('<%= "\\<%- value %\\>" %>');
	     * compiled({ 'value': 'ignored' });
	     * // => '<%- value %>'
	     *
	     * // using the `imports` option to import `jQuery` as `jq`
	     * var text = '<% jq.each(users, function(user) { %><li><%- user %></li><% }); %>';
	     * var compiled = _.template(text, { 'imports': { 'jq': jQuery } });
	     * compiled({ 'users': ['fred', 'barney'] });
	     * // => '<li>fred</li><li>barney</li>'
	     *
	     * // using the `sourceURL` option to specify a custom sourceURL for the template
	     * var compiled = _.template('hello <%= user %>!', { 'sourceURL': '/basic/greeting.jst' });
	     * compiled(data);
	     * // => find the source of "greeting.jst" under the Sources tab or Resources panel of the web inspector
	     *
	     * // using the `variable` option to ensure a with-statement isn't used in the compiled template
	     * var compiled = _.template('hi <%= data.user %>!', { 'variable': 'data' });
	     * compiled.source;
	     * // => function(data) {
	     * //   var __t, __p = '';
	     * //   __p += 'hi ' + ((__t = ( data.user )) == null ? '' : __t) + '!';
	     * //   return __p;
	     * // }
	     *
	     * // using the `source` property to inline compiled templates for meaningful
	     * // line numbers in error messages and a stack trace
	     * fs.writeFileSync(path.join(cwd, 'jst.js'), '\
	     *   var JST = {\
	     *     "main": ' + _.template(mainText).source + '\
	     *   };\
	     * ');
	     */
	    function template(string, options, otherOptions) {
	      // Based on John Resig's `tmpl` implementation (http://ejohn.org/blog/javascript-micro-templating/)
	      // and Laura Doktorova's doT.js (https://github.com/olado/doT).
	      var settings = lodash.templateSettings;

	      if (otherOptions && isIterateeCall(string, options, otherOptions)) {
	        options = otherOptions = null;
	      }
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      options = assignWith(baseAssign({}, otherOptions || options), settings, assignOwnDefaults);

	      var imports = assignWith(baseAssign({}, options.imports), settings.imports, assignOwnDefaults),
	          importsKeys = keys(imports),
	          importsValues = baseValues(imports, importsKeys);

	      var isEscaping,
	          isEvaluating,
	          index = 0,
	          interpolate = options.interpolate || reNoMatch,
	          source = "__p += '";

	      // Compile the regexp to match each delimiter.
	      var reDelimiters = RegExp(
	        (options.escape || reNoMatch).source + '|' +
	        interpolate.source + '|' +
	        (interpolate === reInterpolate ? reEsTemplate : reNoMatch).source + '|' +
	        (options.evaluate || reNoMatch).source + '|$'
	      , 'g');

	      // Use a sourceURL for easier debugging.
	      var sourceURL = '//# sourceURL=' +
	        ('sourceURL' in options
	          ? options.sourceURL
	          : ('lodash.templateSources[' + (++templateCounter) + ']')
	        ) + '\n';

	      string.replace(reDelimiters, function(match, escapeValue, interpolateValue, esTemplateValue, evaluateValue, offset) {
	        interpolateValue || (interpolateValue = esTemplateValue);

	        // Escape characters that can't be included in string literals.
	        source += string.slice(index, offset).replace(reUnescapedString, escapeStringChar);

	        // Replace delimiters with snippets.
	        if (escapeValue) {
	          isEscaping = true;
	          source += "' +\n__e(" + escapeValue + ") +\n'";
	        }
	        if (evaluateValue) {
	          isEvaluating = true;
	          source += "';\n" + evaluateValue + ";\n__p += '";
	        }
	        if (interpolateValue) {
	          source += "' +\n((__t = (" + interpolateValue + ")) == null ? '' : __t) +\n'";
	        }
	        index = offset + match.length;

	        // The JS engine embedded in Adobe products requires returning the `match`
	        // string in order to produce the correct `offset` value.
	        return match;
	      });

	      source += "';\n";

	      // If `variable` is not specified wrap a with-statement around the generated
	      // code to add the data object to the top of the scope chain.
	      var variable = options.variable;
	      if (!variable) {
	        source = 'with (obj) {\n' + source + '\n}\n';
	      }
	      // Cleanup code by stripping empty strings.
	      source = (isEvaluating ? source.replace(reEmptyStringLeading, '') : source)
	        .replace(reEmptyStringMiddle, '$1')
	        .replace(reEmptyStringTrailing, '$1;');

	      // Frame code as the function body.
	      source = 'function(' + (variable || 'obj') + ') {\n' +
	        (variable
	          ? ''
	          : 'obj || (obj = {});\n'
	        ) +
	        "var __t, __p = ''" +
	        (isEscaping
	           ? ', __e = _.escape'
	           : ''
	        ) +
	        (isEvaluating
	          ? ', __j = Array.prototype.join;\n' +
	            "function print() { __p += __j.call(arguments, '') }\n"
	          : ';\n'
	        ) +
	        source +
	        'return __p\n}';

	      var result = attempt(function() {
	        return Function(importsKeys, sourceURL + 'return ' + source).apply(undefined, importsValues);
	      });

	      // Provide the compiled function's source by its `toString` method or
	      // the `source` property as a convenience for inlining compiled templates.
	      result.source = source;
	      if (isError(result)) {
	        throw result;
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Removes leading and trailing whitespace or specified characters from `string`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to trim.
	     * @param {string} [chars=whitespace] The characters to trim.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the trimmed string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.trim('  abc  ');
	     * // => 'abc'
	     *
	     * _.trim('-_-abc-_-', '_-');
	     * // => 'abc'
	     *
	     * _.map(['  foo  ', '  bar  '], _.trim);
	     * // => ['foo', 'bar']
	     */
	    function trim(string, chars, guard) {
	      var value = string;
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      if (!string) {
	        return string;
	      }
	      if (guard ? isIterateeCall(value, chars, guard) : chars == null) {
	        return string.slice(trimmedLeftIndex(string), trimmedRightIndex(string) + 1);
	      }
	      chars = (chars + '');
	      return string.slice(charsLeftIndex(string, chars), charsRightIndex(string, chars) + 1);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Removes leading whitespace or specified characters from `string`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to trim.
	     * @param {string} [chars=whitespace] The characters to trim.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the trimmed string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.trimLeft('  abc  ');
	     * // => 'abc  '
	     *
	     * _.trimLeft('-_-abc-_-', '_-');
	     * // => 'abc-_-'
	     */
	    function trimLeft(string, chars, guard) {
	      var value = string;
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      if (!string) {
	        return string;
	      }
	      if (guard ? isIterateeCall(value, chars, guard) : chars == null) {
	        return string.slice(trimmedLeftIndex(string));
	      }
	      return string.slice(charsLeftIndex(string, (chars + '')));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Removes trailing whitespace or specified characters from `string`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to trim.
	     * @param {string} [chars=whitespace] The characters to trim.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the trimmed string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.trimRight('  abc  ');
	     * // => '  abc'
	     *
	     * _.trimRight('-_-abc-_-', '_-');
	     * // => '-_-abc'
	     */
	    function trimRight(string, chars, guard) {
	      var value = string;
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      if (!string) {
	        return string;
	      }
	      if (guard ? isIterateeCall(value, chars, guard) : chars == null) {
	        return string.slice(0, trimmedRightIndex(string) + 1);
	      }
	      return string.slice(0, charsRightIndex(string, (chars + '')) + 1);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Truncates `string` if it is longer than the given maximum string length.
	     * The last characters of the truncated string are replaced with the omission
	     * string which defaults to "...".
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to truncate.
	     * @param {Object|number} [options] The options object or maximum string length.
	     * @param {number} [options.length=30] The maximum string length.
	     * @param {string} [options.omission='...'] The string to indicate text is omitted.
	     * @param {RegExp|string} [options.separator] The separator pattern to truncate to.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the truncated string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.trunc('hi-diddly-ho there, neighborino');
	     * // => 'hi-diddly-ho there, neighbo...'
	     *
	     * _.trunc('hi-diddly-ho there, neighborino', 24);
	     * // => 'hi-diddly-ho there, n...'
	     *
	     * _.trunc('hi-diddly-ho there, neighborino', {
	     *   'length': 24,
	     *   'separator': ' '
	     * });
	     * // => 'hi-diddly-ho there,...'
	     *
	     * _.trunc('hi-diddly-ho there, neighborino', {
	     *   'length': 24,
	     *   'separator': /,? +/
	     * });
	     * // => 'hi-diddly-ho there...'
	     *
	     * _.trunc('hi-diddly-ho there, neighborino', {
	     *   'omission': ' [...]'
	     * });
	     * // => 'hi-diddly-ho there, neig [...]'
	     */
	    function trunc(string, options, guard) {
	      if (guard && isIterateeCall(string, options, guard)) {
	        options = null;
	      }
	      var length = DEFAULT_TRUNC_LENGTH,
	          omission = DEFAULT_TRUNC_OMISSION;

	      if (options != null) {
	        if (isObject(options)) {
	          var separator = 'separator' in options ? options.separator : separator;
	          length = 'length' in options ? (+options.length || 0) : length;
	          omission = 'omission' in options ? baseToString(options.omission) : omission;
	        } else {
	          length = +options || 0;
	        }
	      }
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      if (length >= string.length) {
	        return string;
	      }
	      var end = length - omission.length;
	      if (end < 1) {
	        return omission;
	      }
	      var result = string.slice(0, end);
	      if (separator == null) {
	        return result + omission;
	      }
	      if (isRegExp(separator)) {
	        if (string.slice(end).search(separator)) {
	          var match,
	              newEnd,
	              substring = string.slice(0, end);

	          if (!separator.global) {
	            separator = RegExp(separator.source, (reFlags.exec(separator) || '') + 'g');
	          }
	          separator.lastIndex = 0;
	          while ((match = separator.exec(substring))) {
	            newEnd = match.index;
	          }
	          result = result.slice(0, newEnd == null ? end : newEnd);
	        }
	      } else if (string.indexOf(separator, end) != end) {
	        var index = result.lastIndexOf(separator);
	        if (index > -1) {
	          result = result.slice(0, index);
	        }
	      }
	      return result + omission;
	    }

	    /**
	     * The inverse of `_.escape`; this method converts the HTML entities
	     * `&amp;`, `&lt;`, `&gt;`, `&quot;`, `&#39;`, and `&#96;` in `string` to their
	     * corresponding characters.
	     *
	     * **Note:** No other HTML entities are unescaped. To unescape additional HTML
	     * entities use a third-party library like [_he_](https://mths.be/he).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to unescape.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the unescaped string.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.unescape('fred, barney, &amp; pebbles');
	     * // => 'fred, barney, & pebbles'
	     */
	    function unescape(string) {
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      return (string && reHasEscapedHtml.test(string))
	        ? string.replace(reEscapedHtml, unescapeHtmlChar)
	        : string;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Splits `string` into an array of its words.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category String
	     * @param {string} [string=''] The string to inspect.
	     * @param {RegExp|string} [pattern] The pattern to match words.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the words of `string`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.words('fred, barney, & pebbles');
	     * // => ['fred', 'barney', 'pebbles']
	     *
	     * _.words('fred, barney, & pebbles', /[^, ]+/g);
	     * // => ['fred', 'barney', '&', 'pebbles']
	     */
	    function words(string, pattern, guard) {
	      if (guard && isIterateeCall(string, pattern, guard)) {
	        pattern = null;
	      }
	      string = baseToString(string);
	      return string.match(pattern || reWords) || [];
	    }

	    /**
	     * Attempts to invoke `func`, returning either the result or the caught error
	     * object. Any additional arguments are provided to `func` when it is invoked.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {Function} func The function to attempt.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the `func` result or error object.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * // avoid throwing errors for invalid selectors
	     * var elements = _.attempt(function(selector) {
	     *   return document.querySelectorAll(selector);
	     * }, '>_>');
	     *
	     * if (_.isError(elements)) {
	     *   elements = [];
	     * }
	     */
	    var attempt = restParam(function(func, args) {
	      try {
	        return func.apply(undefined, args);
	      } catch(e) {
	        return isError(e) ? e : new Error(e);
	      }
	    });

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that invokes `func` with the `this` binding of `thisArg`
	     * and arguments of the created function. If `func` is a property name the
	     * created callback returns the property value for a given element. If `func`
	     * is an object the created callback returns `true` for elements that contain
	     * the equivalent object properties, otherwise it returns `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @alias iteratee
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {*} [func=_.identity] The value to convert to a callback.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `func`.
	     * @param- {Object} [guard] Enables use as a callback for functions like `_.map`.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the callback.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * // wrap to create custom callback shorthands
	     * _.callback = _.wrap(_.callback, function(callback, func, thisArg) {
	     *   var match = /^(.+?)__([gl]t)(.+)$/.exec(func);
	     *   if (!match) {
	     *     return callback(func, thisArg);
	     *   }
	     *   return function(object) {
	     *     return match[2] == 'gt'
	     *       ? object[match[1]] > match[3]
	     *       : object[match[1]] < match[3];
	     *   };
	     * });
	     *
	     * _.filter(users, 'age__gt36');
	     * // => [{ 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40 }]
	     */
	    function callback(func, thisArg, guard) {
	      if (guard && isIterateeCall(func, thisArg, guard)) {
	        thisArg = null;
	      }
	      return isObjectLike(func)
	        ? matches(func)
	        : baseCallback(func, thisArg);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function that returns `value`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {*} value The value to return from the new function.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'user': 'fred' };
	     * var getter = _.constant(object);
	     *
	     * getter() === object;
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function constant(value) {
	      return function() {
	        return value;
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * This method returns the first argument provided to it.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {*} value Any value.
	     * @returns {*} Returns `value`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'user': 'fred' };
	     *
	     * _.identity(object) === object;
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function identity(value) {
	      return value;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function which performs a deep comparison between a given object
	     * and `source`, returning `true` if the given object has equivalent property
	     * values, else `false`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method supports comparing arrays, booleans, `Date` objects,
	     * numbers, `Object` objects, regexes, and strings. Objects are compared by
	     * their own, not inherited, enumerable properties. For comparing a single
	     * own or inherited property value see `_.matchesProperty`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {Object} source The object of property values to match.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36, 'active': true },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40, 'active': false }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.filter(users, _.matches({ 'age': 40, 'active': false }));
	     * // => [{ 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40, 'active': false }]
	     */
	    function matches(source) {
	      return baseMatches(baseClone(source, true));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function which compares the property value of `path` on a given
	     * object to `value`.
	     *
	     * **Note:** This method supports comparing arrays, booleans, `Date` objects,
	     * numbers, `Object` objects, regexes, and strings. Objects are compared by
	     * their own, not inherited, enumerable properties.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to get.
	     * @param {*} value The value to compare.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney' },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred' }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.find(users, _.matchesProperty('user', 'fred'));
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred' }
	     */
	    function matchesProperty(path, value) {
	      return baseMatchesProperty(path, baseClone(value, true));
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function which invokes the method at `path` on a given object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {Array|string} path The path of the method to invoke.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var objects = [
	     *   { 'a': { 'b': { 'c': _.constant(2) } } },
	     *   { 'a': { 'b': { 'c': _.constant(1) } } }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.map(objects, _.method('a.b.c'));
	     * // => [2, 1]
	     *
	     * _.invoke(_.sortBy(objects, _.method(['a', 'b', 'c'])), 'a.b.c');
	     * // => [1, 2]
	     */
	    var method = restParam(function(path, args) {
	      return function(object) {
	        return invokePath(object, path, args);
	      };
	    });

	    /**
	     * The opposite of `_.method`; this method creates a function which invokes
	     * the method at a given path on `object`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var array = _.times(3, _.constant),
	     *     object = { 'a': array, 'b': array, 'c': array };
	     *
	     * _.map(['a[2]', 'c[0]'], _.methodOf(object));
	     * // => [2, 0]
	     *
	     * _.map([['a', '2'], ['c', '0']], _.methodOf(object));
	     * // => [2, 0]
	     */
	    var methodOf = restParam(function(object, args) {
	      return function(path) {
	        return invokePath(object, path, args);
	      };
	    });

	    /**
	     * Adds all own enumerable function properties of a source object to the
	     * destination object. If `object` is a function then methods are added to
	     * its prototype as well.
	     *
	     * **Note:** Use `_.runInContext` to create a pristine `lodash` function to
	     * avoid conflicts caused by modifying the original.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {Function|Object} [object=lodash] The destination object.
	     * @param {Object} source The object of functions to add.
	     * @param {Object} [options] The options object.
	     * @param {boolean} [options.chain=true] Specify whether the functions added
	     *  are chainable.
	     * @returns {Function|Object} Returns `object`.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * function vowels(string) {
	     *   return _.filter(string, function(v) {
	     *     return /[aeiou]/i.test(v);
	     *   });
	     * }
	     *
	     * // use `_.runInContext` to avoid conflicts (esp. in Node.js)
	     * var _ = require('lodash').runInContext();
	     *
	     * _.mixin({ 'vowels': vowels });
	     * _.vowels('fred');
	     * // => ['e']
	     *
	     * _('fred').vowels().value();
	     * // => ['e']
	     *
	     * _.mixin({ 'vowels': vowels }, { 'chain': false });
	     * _('fred').vowels();
	     * // => ['e']
	     */
	    function mixin(object, source, options) {
	      if (options == null) {
	        var isObj = isObject(source),
	            props = isObj && keys(source),
	            methodNames = props && props.length && baseFunctions(source, props);

	        if (!(methodNames ? methodNames.length : isObj)) {
	          methodNames = false;
	          options = source;
	          source = object;
	          object = this;
	        }
	      }
	      if (!methodNames) {
	        methodNames = baseFunctions(source, keys(source));
	      }
	      var chain = true,
	          index = -1,
	          isFunc = isFunction(object),
	          length = methodNames.length;

	      if (options === false) {
	        chain = false;
	      } else if (isObject(options) && 'chain' in options) {
	        chain = options.chain;
	      }
	      while (++index < length) {
	        var methodName = methodNames[index],
	            func = source[methodName];

	        object[methodName] = func;
	        if (isFunc) {
	          object.prototype[methodName] = (function(func) {
	            return function() {
	              var chainAll = this.__chain__;
	              if (chain || chainAll) {
	                var result = object(this.__wrapped__),
	                    actions = result.__actions__ = arrayCopy(this.__actions__);

	                actions.push({ 'func': func, 'args': arguments, 'thisArg': object });
	                result.__chain__ = chainAll;
	                return result;
	              }
	              var args = [this.value()];
	              push.apply(args, arguments);
	              return func.apply(object, args);
	            };
	          }(func));
	        }
	      }
	      return object;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Reverts the `_` variable to its previous value and returns a reference to
	     * the `lodash` function.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the `lodash` function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var lodash = _.noConflict();
	     */
	    function noConflict() {
	      context._ = oldDash;
	      return this;
	    }

	    /**
	     * A no-operation function which returns `undefined` regardless of the
	     * arguments it receives.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var object = { 'user': 'fred' };
	     *
	     * _.noop(object) === undefined;
	     * // => true
	     */
	    function noop() {
	      // No operation performed.
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates a function which returns the property value at `path` on a
	     * given object.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {Array|string} path The path of the property to get.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var objects = [
	     *   { 'a': { 'b': { 'c': 2 } } },
	     *   { 'a': { 'b': { 'c': 1 } } }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.map(objects, _.property('a.b.c'));
	     * // => [2, 1]
	     *
	     * _.pluck(_.sortBy(objects, _.property(['a', 'b', 'c'])), 'a.b.c');
	     * // => [1, 2]
	     */
	    function property(path) {
	      return isKey(path) ? baseProperty(path) : basePropertyDeep(path);
	    }

	    /**
	     * The opposite of `_.property`; this method creates a function which returns
	     * the property value at a given path on `object`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {Object} object The object to query.
	     * @returns {Function} Returns the new function.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var array = [0, 1, 2],
	     *     object = { 'a': array, 'b': array, 'c': array };
	     *
	     * _.map(['a[2]', 'c[0]'], _.propertyOf(object));
	     * // => [2, 0]
	     *
	     * _.map([['a', '2'], ['c', '0']], _.propertyOf(object));
	     * // => [2, 0]
	     */
	    function propertyOf(object) {
	      return function(path) {
	        return baseGet(object, toPath(path), path + '');
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Creates an array of numbers (positive and/or negative) progressing from
	     * `start` up to, but not including, `end`. If `end` is not specified it is
	     * set to `start` with `start` then set to `0`. If `end` is less than `start`
	     * a zero-length range is created unless a negative `step` is specified.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {number} [start=0] The start of the range.
	     * @param {number} end The end of the range.
	     * @param {number} [step=1] The value to increment or decrement by.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the new array of numbers.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.range(4);
	     * // => [0, 1, 2, 3]
	     *
	     * _.range(1, 5);
	     * // => [1, 2, 3, 4]
	     *
	     * _.range(0, 20, 5);
	     * // => [0, 5, 10, 15]
	     *
	     * _.range(0, -4, -1);
	     * // => [0, -1, -2, -3]
	     *
	     * _.range(1, 4, 0);
	     * // => [1, 1, 1]
	     *
	     * _.range(0);
	     * // => []
	     */
	    function range(start, end, step) {
	      if (step && isIterateeCall(start, end, step)) {
	        end = step = null;
	      }
	      start = +start || 0;
	      step = step == null ? 1 : (+step || 0);

	      if (end == null) {
	        end = start;
	        start = 0;
	      } else {
	        end = +end || 0;
	      }
	      // Use `Array(length)` so engines like Chakra and V8 avoid slower modes.
	      // See https://youtu.be/XAqIpGU8ZZk#t=17m25s for more details.
	      var index = -1,
	          length = nativeMax(ceil((end - start) / (step || 1)), 0),
	          result = Array(length);

	      while (++index < length) {
	        result[index] = start;
	        start += step;
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Invokes the iteratee function `n` times, returning an array of the results
	     * of each invocation. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with
	     * one argument; (index).
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {number} n The number of times to invoke `iteratee`.
	     * @param {Function} [iteratee=_.identity] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {Array} Returns the array of results.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * var diceRolls = _.times(3, _.partial(_.random, 1, 6, false));
	     * // => [3, 6, 4]
	     *
	     * _.times(3, function(n) {
	     *   mage.castSpell(n);
	     * });
	     * // => invokes `mage.castSpell(n)` three times with `n` of `0`, `1`, and `2`
	     *
	     * _.times(3, function(n) {
	     *   this.cast(n);
	     * }, mage);
	     * // => also invokes `mage.castSpell(n)` three times
	     */
	    function times(n, iteratee, thisArg) {
	      n = floor(n);

	      // Exit early to avoid a JSC JIT bug in Safari 8
	      // where `Array(0)` is treated as `Array(1)`.
	      if (n < 1 || !nativeIsFinite(n)) {
	        return [];
	      }
	      var index = -1,
	          result = Array(nativeMin(n, MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH));

	      iteratee = bindCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 1);
	      while (++index < n) {
	        if (index < MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) {
	          result[index] = iteratee(index);
	        } else {
	          iteratee(index);
	        }
	      }
	      return result;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Generates a unique ID. If `prefix` is provided the ID is appended to it.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Utility
	     * @param {string} [prefix] The value to prefix the ID with.
	     * @returns {string} Returns the unique ID.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.uniqueId('contact_');
	     * // => 'contact_104'
	     *
	     * _.uniqueId();
	     * // => '105'
	     */
	    function uniqueId(prefix) {
	      var id = ++idCounter;
	      return baseToString(prefix) + id;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Adds two numbers.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Math
	     * @param {number} augend The first number to add.
	     * @param {number} addend The second number to add.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the sum.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.add(6, 4);
	     * // => 10
	     */
	    function add(augend, addend) {
	      return (+augend || 0) + (+addend || 0);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Gets the maximum value of `collection`. If `collection` is empty or falsey
	     * `-Infinity` is returned. If an iteratee function is provided it is invoked
	     * for each value in `collection` to generate the criterion by which the value
	     * is ranked. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
	     * arguments: (value, index, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Math
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the maximum value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.max([4, 2, 8, 6]);
	     * // => 8
	     *
	     * _.max([]);
	     * // => -Infinity
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.max(users, function(chr) {
	     *   return chr.age;
	     * });
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40 }
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.max(users, 'age');
	     * // => { 'user': 'fred', 'age': 40 }
	     */
	    var max = createExtremum(arrayMax);

	    /**
	     * Gets the minimum value of `collection`. If `collection` is empty or falsey
	     * `Infinity` is returned. If an iteratee function is provided it is invoked
	     * for each value in `collection` to generate the criterion by which the value
	     * is ranked. The `iteratee` is bound to `thisArg` and invoked with three
	     * arguments: (value, index, collection).
	     *
	     * If a property name is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.property`
	     * style callback returns the property value of the given element.
	     *
	     * If a value is also provided for `thisArg` the created `_.matchesProperty`
	     * style callback returns `true` for elements that have a matching property
	     * value, else `false`.
	     *
	     * If an object is provided for `iteratee` the created `_.matches` style
	     * callback returns `true` for elements that have the properties of the given
	     * object, else `false`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Math
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {*} Returns the minimum value.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.min([4, 2, 8, 6]);
	     * // => 2
	     *
	     * _.min([]);
	     * // => Infinity
	     *
	     * var users = [
	     *   { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 },
	     *   { 'user': 'fred',   'age': 40 }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.min(users, function(chr) {
	     *   return chr.age;
	     * });
	     * // => { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 }
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.min(users, 'age');
	     * // => { 'user': 'barney', 'age': 36 }
	     */
	    var min = createExtremum(arrayMin, true);

	    /**
	     * Gets the sum of the values in `collection`.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @category Math
	     * @param {Array|Object|string} collection The collection to iterate over.
	     * @param {Function|Object|string} [iteratee] The function invoked per iteration.
	     * @param {*} [thisArg] The `this` binding of `iteratee`.
	     * @returns {number} Returns the sum.
	     * @example
	     *
	     * _.sum([4, 6]);
	     * // => 10
	     *
	     * _.sum({ 'a': 4, 'b': 6 });
	     * // => 10
	     *
	     * var objects = [
	     *   { 'n': 4 },
	     *   { 'n': 6 }
	     * ];
	     *
	     * _.sum(objects, function(object) {
	     *   return object.n;
	     * });
	     * // => 10
	     *
	     * // using the `_.property` callback shorthand
	     * _.sum(objects, 'n');
	     * // => 10
	     */
	    function sum(collection, iteratee, thisArg) {
	      if (thisArg && isIterateeCall(collection, iteratee, thisArg)) {
	        iteratee = null;
	      }
	      var func = getCallback(),
	          noIteratee = iteratee == null;

	      if (!(func === baseCallback && noIteratee)) {
	        noIteratee = false;
	        iteratee = func(iteratee, thisArg, 3);
	      }
	      return noIteratee
	        ? arraySum(isArray(collection) ? collection : toIterable(collection))
	        : baseSum(collection, iteratee);
	    }

	    // Ensure wrappers are instances of `baseLodash`.
	    lodash.prototype = baseLodash.prototype;

	    LodashWrapper.prototype = baseCreate(baseLodash.prototype);
	    LodashWrapper.prototype.constructor = LodashWrapper;

	    LazyWrapper.prototype = baseCreate(baseLodash.prototype);
	    LazyWrapper.prototype.constructor = LazyWrapper;

	    // Add functions to the `Map` cache.
	    MapCache.prototype['delete'] = mapDelete;
	    MapCache.prototype.get = mapGet;
	    MapCache.prototype.has = mapHas;
	    MapCache.prototype.set = mapSet;

	    // Add functions to the `Set` cache.
	    SetCache.prototype.push = cachePush;

	    // Assign cache to `_.memoize`.
	    memoize.Cache = MapCache;

	    // Add functions that return wrapped values when chaining.
	    lodash.after = after;
	    lodash.ary = ary;
	    lodash.assign = assign;
	    lodash.at = at;
	    lodash.before = before;
	    lodash.bind = bind;
	    lodash.bindAll = bindAll;
	    lodash.bindKey = bindKey;
	    lodash.callback = callback;
	    lodash.chain = chain;
	    lodash.chunk = chunk;
	    lodash.compact = compact;
	    lodash.constant = constant;
	    lodash.countBy = countBy;
	    lodash.create = create;
	    lodash.curry = curry;
	    lodash.curryRight = curryRight;
	    lodash.debounce = debounce;
	    lodash.defaults = defaults;
	    lodash.defer = defer;
	    lodash.delay = delay;
	    lodash.difference = difference;
	    lodash.drop = drop;
	    lodash.dropRight = dropRight;
	    lodash.dropRightWhile = dropRightWhile;
	    lodash.dropWhile = dropWhile;
	    lodash.fill = fill;
	    lodash.filter = filter;
	    lodash.flatten = flatten;
	    lodash.flattenDeep = flattenDeep;
	    lodash.flow = flow;
	    lodash.flowRight = flowRight;
	    lodash.forEach = forEach;
	    lodash.forEachRight = forEachRight;
	    lodash.forIn = forIn;
	    lodash.forInRight = forInRight;
	    lodash.forOwn = forOwn;
	    lodash.forOwnRight = forOwnRight;
	    lodash.functions = functions;
	    lodash.groupBy = groupBy;
	    lodash.indexBy = indexBy;
	    lodash.initial = initial;
	    lodash.intersection = intersection;
	    lodash.invert = invert;
	    lodash.invoke = invoke;
	    lodash.keys = keys;
	    lodash.keysIn = keysIn;
	    lodash.map = map;
	    lodash.mapKeys = mapKeys;
	    lodash.mapValues = mapValues;
	    lodash.matches = matches;
	    lodash.matchesProperty = matchesProperty;
	    lodash.memoize = memoize;
	    lodash.merge = merge;
	    lodash.method = method;
	    lodash.methodOf = methodOf;
	    lodash.mixin = mixin;
	    lodash.negate = negate;
	    lodash.omit = omit;
	    lodash.once = once;
	    lodash.pairs = pairs;
	    lodash.partial = partial;
	    lodash.partialRight = partialRight;
	    lodash.partition = partition;
	    lodash.pick = pick;
	    lodash.pluck = pluck;
	    lodash.property = property;
	    lodash.propertyOf = propertyOf;
	    lodash.pull = pull;
	    lodash.pullAt = pullAt;
	    lodash.range = range;
	    lodash.rearg = rearg;
	    lodash.reject = reject;
	    lodash.remove = remove;
	    lodash.rest = rest;
	    lodash.restParam = restParam;
	    lodash.set = set;
	    lodash.shuffle = shuffle;
	    lodash.slice = slice;
	    lodash.sortBy = sortBy;
	    lodash.sortByAll = sortByAll;
	    lodash.sortByOrder = sortByOrder;
	    lodash.spread = spread;
	    lodash.take = take;
	    lodash.takeRight = takeRight;
	    lodash.takeRightWhile = takeRightWhile;
	    lodash.takeWhile = takeWhile;
	    lodash.tap = tap;
	    lodash.throttle = throttle;
	    lodash.thru = thru;
	    lodash.times = times;
	    lodash.toArray = toArray;
	    lodash.toPlainObject = toPlainObject;
	    lodash.transform = transform;
	    lodash.union = union;
	    lodash.uniq = uniq;
	    lodash.unzip = unzip;
	    lodash.unzipWith = unzipWith;
	    lodash.values = values;
	    lodash.valuesIn = valuesIn;
	    lodash.where = where;
	    lodash.without = without;
	    lodash.wrap = wrap;
	    lodash.xor = xor;
	    lodash.zip = zip;
	    lodash.zipObject = zipObject;
	    lodash.zipWith = zipWith;

	    // Add aliases.
	    lodash.backflow = flowRight;
	    lodash.collect = map;
	    lodash.compose = flowRight;
	    lodash.each = forEach;
	    lodash.eachRight = forEachRight;
	    lodash.extend = assign;
	    lodash.iteratee = callback;
	    lodash.methods = functions;
	    lodash.object = zipObject;
	    lodash.select = filter;
	    lodash.tail = rest;
	    lodash.unique = uniq;

	    // Add functions to `lodash.prototype`.
	    mixin(lodash, lodash);

	    // Add functions that return unwrapped values when chaining.
	    lodash.add = add;
	    lodash.attempt = attempt;
	    lodash.camelCase = camelCase;
	    lodash.capitalize = capitalize;
	    lodash.clone = clone;
	    lodash.cloneDeep = cloneDeep;
	    lodash.deburr = deburr;
	    lodash.endsWith = endsWith;
	    lodash.escape = escape;
	    lodash.escapeRegExp = escapeRegExp;
	    lodash.every = every;
	    lodash.find = find;
	    lodash.findIndex = findIndex;
	    lodash.findKey = findKey;
	    lodash.findLast = findLast;
	    lodash.findLastIndex = findLastIndex;
	    lodash.findLastKey = findLastKey;
	    lodash.findWhere = findWhere;
	    lodash.first = first;
	    lodash.get = get;
	    lodash.has = has;
	    lodash.identity = identity;
	    lodash.includes = includes;
	    lodash.indexOf = indexOf;
	    lodash.inRange = inRange;
	    lodash.isArguments = isArguments;
	    lodash.isArray = isArray;
	    lodash.isBoolean = isBoolean;
	    lodash.isDate = isDate;
	    lodash.isElement = isElement;
	    lodash.isEmpty = isEmpty;
	    lodash.isEqual = isEqual;
	    lodash.isError = isError;
	    lodash.isFinite = isFinite;
	    lodash.isFunction = isFunction;
	    lodash.isMatch = isMatch;
	    lodash.isNaN = isNaN;
	    lodash.isNative = isNative;
	    lodash.isNull = isNull;
	    lodash.isNumber = isNumber;
	    lodash.isObject = isObject;
	    lodash.isPlainObject = isPlainObject;
	    lodash.isRegExp = isRegExp;
	    lodash.isString = isString;
	    lodash.isTypedArray = isTypedArray;
	    lodash.isUndefined = isUndefined;
	    lodash.kebabCase = kebabCase;
	    lodash.last = last;
	    lodash.lastIndexOf = lastIndexOf;
	    lodash.max = max;
	    lodash.min = min;
	    lodash.noConflict = noConflict;
	    lodash.noop = noop;
	    lodash.now = now;
	    lodash.pad = pad;
	    lodash.padLeft = padLeft;
	    lodash.padRight = padRight;
	    lodash.parseInt = parseInt;
	    lodash.random = random;
	    lodash.reduce = reduce;
	    lodash.reduceRight = reduceRight;
	    lodash.repeat = repeat;
	    lodash.result = result;
	    lodash.runInContext = runInContext;
	    lodash.size = size;
	    lodash.snakeCase = snakeCase;
	    lodash.some = some;
	    lodash.sortedIndex = sortedIndex;
	    lodash.sortedLastIndex = sortedLastIndex;
	    lodash.startCase = startCase;
	    lodash.startsWith = startsWith;
	    lodash.sum = sum;
	    lodash.template = template;
	    lodash.trim = trim;
	    lodash.trimLeft = trimLeft;
	    lodash.trimRight = trimRight;
	    lodash.trunc = trunc;
	    lodash.unescape = unescape;
	    lodash.uniqueId = uniqueId;
	    lodash.words = words;

	    // Add aliases.
	    lodash.all = every;
	    lodash.any = some;
	    lodash.contains = includes;
	    lodash.detect = find;
	    lodash.foldl = reduce;
	    lodash.foldr = reduceRight;
	    lodash.head = first;
	    lodash.include = includes;
	    lodash.inject = reduce;

	    mixin(lodash, (function() {
	      var source = {};
	      baseForOwn(lodash, function(func, methodName) {
	        if (!lodash.prototype[methodName]) {
	          source[methodName] = func;
	        }
	      });
	      return source;
	    }()), false);

	    // Add functions capable of returning wrapped and unwrapped values when chaining.
	    lodash.sample = sample;

	    lodash.prototype.sample = function(n) {
	      if (!this.__chain__ && n == null) {
	        return sample(this.value());
	      }
	      return this.thru(function(value) {
	        return sample(value, n);
	      });
	    };

	    /**
	     * The semantic version number.
	     *
	     * @static
	     * @memberOf _
	     * @type string
	     */
	    lodash.VERSION = VERSION;

	    // Assign default placeholders.
	    arrayEach(['bind', 'bindKey', 'curry', 'curryRight', 'partial', 'partialRight'], function(methodName) {
	      lodash[methodName].placeholder = lodash;
	    });

	    // Add `LazyWrapper` methods that accept an `iteratee` value.
	    arrayEach(['dropWhile', 'filter', 'map', 'takeWhile'], function(methodName, type) {
	      var isFilter = type != LAZY_MAP_FLAG,
	          isDropWhile = type == LAZY_DROP_WHILE_FLAG;

	      LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName] = function(iteratee, thisArg) {
	        var filtered = this.__filtered__,
	            result = (filtered && isDropWhile) ? new LazyWrapper(this) : this.clone(),
	            iteratees = result.__iteratees__ || (result.__iteratees__ = []);

	        iteratees.push({
	          'done': false,
	          'count': 0,
	          'index': 0,
	          'iteratee': getCallback(iteratee, thisArg, 1),
	          'limit': -1,
	          'type': type
	        });

	        result.__filtered__ = filtered || isFilter;
	        return result;
	      };
	    });

	    // Add `LazyWrapper` methods for `_.drop` and `_.take` variants.
	    arrayEach(['drop', 'take'], function(methodName, index) {
	      var whileName = methodName + 'While';

	      LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName] = function(n) {
	        var filtered = this.__filtered__,
	            result = (filtered && !index) ? this.dropWhile() : this.clone();

	        n = n == null ? 1 : nativeMax(floor(n) || 0, 0);
	        if (filtered) {
	          if (index) {
	            result.__takeCount__ = nativeMin(result.__takeCount__, n);
	          } else {
	            last(result.__iteratees__).limit = n;
	          }
	        } else {
	          var views = result.__views__ || (result.__views__ = []);
	          views.push({ 'size': n, 'type': methodName + (result.__dir__ < 0 ? 'Right' : '') });
	        }
	        return result;
	      };

	      LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName + 'Right'] = function(n) {
	        return this.reverse()[methodName](n).reverse();
	      };

	      LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName + 'RightWhile'] = function(predicate, thisArg) {
	        return this.reverse()[whileName](predicate, thisArg).reverse();
	      };
	    });

	    // Add `LazyWrapper` methods for `_.first` and `_.last`.
	    arrayEach(['first', 'last'], function(methodName, index) {
	      var takeName = 'take' + (index ? 'Right' : '');

	      LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName] = function() {
	        return this[takeName](1).value()[0];
	      };
	    });

	    // Add `LazyWrapper` methods for `_.initial` and `_.rest`.
	    arrayEach(['initial', 'rest'], function(methodName, index) {
	      var dropName = 'drop' + (index ? '' : 'Right');

	      LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName] = function() {
	        return this[dropName](1);
	      };
	    });

	    // Add `LazyWrapper` methods for `_.pluck` and `_.where`.
	    arrayEach(['pluck', 'where'], function(methodName, index) {
	      var operationName = index ? 'filter' : 'map',
	          createCallback = index ? baseMatches : property;

	      LazyWrapper.prototype[methodName] = function(value) {
	        return this[operationName](createCallback(value));
	      };
	    });

	    LazyWrapper.prototype.compact = function() {
	      return this.filter(identity);
	    };

	    LazyWrapper.prototype.reject = function(predicate, thisArg) {
	      predicate = getCallback(predicate, thisArg, 1);
	      return this.filter(function(value) {
	        return !predicate(value);
	      });
	    };

	    LazyWrapper.prototype.slice = function(start, end) {
	      start = start == null ? 0 : (+start || 0);

	      var result = this;
	      if (start < 0) {
	        result = this.takeRight(-start);
	      } else if (start) {
	        result = this.drop(start);
	      }
	      if (end !== undefined) {
	        end = (+end || 0);
	        result = end < 0 ? result.dropRight(-end) : result.take(end - start);
	      }
	      return result;
	    };

	    LazyWrapper.prototype.toArray = function() {
	      return this.drop(0);
	    };

	    // Add `LazyWrapper` methods to `lodash.prototype`.
	    baseForOwn(LazyWrapper.prototype, function(func, methodName) {
	      var lodashFunc = lodash[methodName];
	      if (!lodashFunc) {
	        return;
	      }
	      var checkIteratee = /^(?:filter|map|reject)|While$/.test(methodName),
	          retUnwrapped = /^(?:first|last)$/.test(methodName);

	      lodash.prototype[methodName] = function() {
	        var args = arguments,
	            chainAll = this.__chain__,
	            value = this.__wrapped__,
	            isHybrid = !!this.__actions__.length,
	            isLazy = value instanceof LazyWrapper,
	            iteratee = args[0],
	            useLazy = isLazy || isArray(value);

	        if (useLazy && checkIteratee && typeof iteratee == 'function' && iteratee.length != 1) {
	          // avoid lazy use if the iteratee has a "length" value other than `1`
	          isLazy = useLazy = false;
	        }
	        var onlyLazy = isLazy && !isHybrid;
	        if (retUnwrapped && !chainAll) {
	          return onlyLazy
	            ? func.call(value)
	            : lodashFunc.call(lodash, this.value());
	        }
	        var interceptor = function(value) {
	          var otherArgs = [value];
	          push.apply(otherArgs, args);
	          return lodashFunc.apply(lodash, otherArgs);
	        };
	        if (useLazy) {
	          var wrapper = onlyLazy ? value : new LazyWrapper(this),
	              result = func.apply(wrapper, args);

	          if (!retUnwrapped && (isHybrid || result.__actions__)) {
	            var actions = result.__actions__ || (result.__actions__ = []);
	            actions.push({ 'func': thru, 'args': [interceptor], 'thisArg': lodash });
	          }
	          return new LodashWrapper(result, chainAll);
	        }
	        return this.thru(interceptor);
	      };
	    });

	    // Add `Array` and `String` methods to `lodash.prototype`.
	    arrayEach(['concat', 'join', 'pop', 'push', 'replace', 'shift', 'sort', 'splice', 'split', 'unshift'], function(methodName) {
	      var func = (/^(?:replace|split)$/.test(methodName) ? stringProto : arrayProto)[methodName],
	          chainName = /^(?:push|sort|unshift)$/.test(methodName) ? 'tap' : 'thru',
	          retUnwrapped = /^(?:join|pop|replace|shift)$/.test(methodName);

	      lodash.prototype[methodName] = function() {
	        var args = arguments;
	        if (retUnwrapped && !this.__chain__) {
	          return func.apply(this.value(), args);
	        }
	        return this[chainName](function(value) {
	          return func.apply(value, args);
	        });
	      };
	    });

	    // Map minified function names to their real names.
	    baseForOwn(LazyWrapper.prototype, function(func, methodName) {
	      var lodashFunc = lodash[methodName];
	      if (lodashFunc) {
	        var key = lodashFunc.name,
	            names = realNames[key] || (realNames[key] = []);

	        names.push({ 'name': methodName, 'func': lodashFunc });
	      }
	    });

	    realNames[createHybridWrapper(null, BIND_KEY_FLAG).name] = [{ 'name': 'wrapper', 'func': null }];

	    // Add functions to the lazy wrapper.
	    LazyWrapper.prototype.clone = lazyClone;
	    LazyWrapper.prototype.reverse = lazyReverse;
	    LazyWrapper.prototype.value = lazyValue;

	    // Add chaining functions to the `lodash` wrapper.
	    lodash.prototype.chain = wrapperChain;
	    lodash.prototype.commit = wrapperCommit;
	    lodash.prototype.plant = wrapperPlant;
	    lodash.prototype.reverse = wrapperReverse;
	    lodash.prototype.toString = wrapperToString;
	    lodash.prototype.run = lodash.prototype.toJSON = lodash.prototype.valueOf = lodash.prototype.value = wrapperValue;

	    // Add function aliases to the `lodash` wrapper.
	    lodash.prototype.collect = lodash.prototype.map;
	    lodash.prototype.head = lodash.prototype.first;
	    lodash.prototype.select = lodash.prototype.filter;
	    lodash.prototype.tail = lodash.prototype.rest;

	    return lodash;
	  }

	  // Export lodash.
	  var _ = runInContext();

	  // Some AMD build optimizers like r.js check for condition patterns like the following:
	  if (true) {
	    // Expose lodash to the global object when an AMD loader is present to avoid
	    // errors in cases where lodash is loaded by a script tag and not intended
	    // as an AMD module. See http://requirejs.org/docs/errors.html#mismatch for
	    // more details.
	    root._ = _;

	    // Define as an anonymous module so, through path mapping, it can be
	    // referenced as the "underscore" module.
	    !(__WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_RESULT__ = function() {
	      return _;
	    }.call(exports, __webpack_require__, exports, module), __WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_RESULT__ !== undefined && (module.exports = __WEBPACK_AMD_DEFINE_RESULT__));
	  }
	  // Check for `exports` after `define` in case a build optimizer adds an `exports` object.
	  else if (freeExports && freeModule) {
	    // Export for Node.js or RingoJS.
	    if (moduleExports) {
	      (freeModule.exports = _)._ = _;
	    }
	    // Export for Narwhal or Rhino -require.
	    else {
	      freeExports._ = _;
	    }
	  }
	  else {
	    // Export for a browser or Rhino.
	    root._ = _;
	  }
	}.call(this));

	/* WEBPACK VAR INJECTION */}.call(exports, __webpack_require__(11)(module), (function() { return this; }())))

/***/ },
/* 4 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	module.exports = __webpack_require__(9);


/***/ },
/* 5 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	// style-loader: Adds some css to the DOM by adding a <style> tag

	// load the styles
	var content = __webpack_require__(6);
	if(typeof content === 'string') content = [[module.id, content, '']];
	// add the styles to the DOM
	var update = __webpack_require__(7)(content, {});
	// Hot Module Replacement
	if(false) {
		// When the styles change, update the <style> tags
		module.hot.accept("!!/Users/boris/temp/angular_react_directive_example/node_modules/css-loader/index.js!/Users/boris/temp/angular_react_directive_example/style.css", function() {
			var newContent = require("!!/Users/boris/temp/angular_react_directive_example/node_modules/css-loader/index.js!/Users/boris/temp/angular_react_directive_example/style.css");
			if(typeof newContent === 'string') newContent = [[module.id, newContent, '']];
			update(newContent);
		});
		// When the module is disposed, remove the <style> tags
		module.hot.dispose(function() { update(); });
	}

/***/ },
/* 6 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	exports = module.exports = __webpack_require__(10)();
	exports.push([module.id, "body {\n    font-family: arial;\n    margin-bottom: 500px;\n}\n\n.btn {\n    margin-bottom: 10px;\n}\n\ntable {\n    border-right: 2px solid gray;\n    border-spacing: 0;\n    border-collapse: collapse;\n}\n\n.day-header {\n    border: 1px solid gray;\n    white-space: nowrap;\n}\n\n.hour-cell:hover > div {\n    background-color: #559 !important;\n    color: white;\n}\n\n.hour-cell {\n    width: 120px;\n    text-align: center;\n    border-left: 1px solid gray;\n    border-bottom: 1px solid #eee;\n    cursor: pointer;\n    height: 30px;\n    padding: 0;\n}\n\n.hour-cell > div {\n  height: 100%;\n}\n\n.hour-cell .time {\n  padding-top: 8px; /* poor man's vertical centering */\n  color: #555;\n}\n\n.hour-cell .searching {\n    color: #88d;\n    font-size: 12px;\n    padding-top: 12px; /* poor man's vertical centering */\n}\n\n.hour-cell .result-label {\n  font-size: 10px;\n}\n\n.hour-cell .good-results {\n  color: #090;\n  background: #efffef;\n}\n\n.hour-cell .weak-results {\n  color: orange;\n  background: #ffffef;\n}\n\n.hour-cell .bad-results {\n  color: red;\n  background: #ffefef;\n}\n", ""]);

/***/ },
/* 7 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	/*
		MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
		Author Tobias Koppers @sokra
	*/
	var stylesInDom = {},
		memoize = function(fn) {
			var memo;
			return function () {
				if (typeof memo === "undefined") memo = fn.apply(this, arguments);
				return memo;
			};
		},
		isIE9 = memoize(function() {
			return /msie 9\b/.test(window.navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase());
		}),
		getHeadElement = memoize(function () {
			return document.head || document.getElementsByTagName("head")[0];
		}),
		singletonElement = null,
		singletonCounter = 0;

	module.exports = function(list, options) {
		if(false) {
			if(typeof document !== "object") throw new Error("The style-loader cannot be used in a non-browser environment");
		}

		options = options || {};
		// Force single-tag solution on IE9, which has a hard limit on the # of <style>
		// tags it will allow on a page
		if (typeof options.singleton === "undefined") options.singleton = isIE9();

		var styles = listToStyles(list);
		addStylesToDom(styles, options);

		return function update(newList) {
			var mayRemove = [];
			for(var i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) {
				var item = styles[i];
				var domStyle = stylesInDom[item.id];
				domStyle.refs--;
				mayRemove.push(domStyle);
			}
			if(newList) {
				var newStyles = listToStyles(newList);
				addStylesToDom(newStyles, options);
			}
			for(var i = 0; i < mayRemove.length; i++) {
				var domStyle = mayRemove[i];
				if(domStyle.refs === 0) {
					for(var j = 0; j < domStyle.parts.length; j++)
						domStyle.parts[j]();
					delete stylesInDom[domStyle.id];
				}
			}
		};
	}

	function addStylesToDom(styles, options) {
		for(var i = 0; i < styles.length; i++) {
			var item = styles[i];
			var domStyle = stylesInDom[item.id];
			if(domStyle) {
				domStyle.refs++;
				for(var j = 0; j < domStyle.parts.length; j++) {
					domStyle.parts[j](item.parts[j]);
				}
				for(; j < item.parts.length; j++) {
					domStyle.parts.push(addStyle(item.parts[j], options));
				}
			} else {
				var parts = [];
				for(var j = 0; j < item.parts.length; j++) {
					parts.push(addStyle(item.parts[j], options));
				}
				stylesInDom[item.id] = {id: item.id, refs: 1, parts: parts};
			}
		}
	}

	function listToStyles(list) {
		var styles = [];
		var newStyles = {};
		for(var i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
			var item = list[i];
			var id = item[0];
			var css = item[1];
			var media = item[2];
			var sourceMap = item[3];
			var part = {css: css, media: media, sourceMap: sourceMap};
			if(!newStyles[id])
				styles.push(newStyles[id] = {id: id, parts: [part]});
			else
				newStyles[id].parts.push(part);
		}
		return styles;
	}

	function createStyleElement() {
		var styleElement = document.createElement("style");
		var head = getHeadElement();
		styleElement.type = "text/css";
		head.appendChild(styleElement);
		return styleElement;
	}

	function addStyle(obj, options) {
		var styleElement, update, remove;

		if (options.singleton) {
			var styleIndex = singletonCounter++;
			styleElement = singletonElement || (singletonElement = createStyleElement());
			update = applyToSingletonTag.bind(null, styleElement, styleIndex, false);
			remove = applyToSingletonTag.bind(null, styleElement, styleIndex, true);
		} else {
			styleElement = createStyleElement();
			update = applyToTag.bind(null, styleElement);
			remove = function () {
				styleElement.parentNode.removeChild(styleElement);
			};
		}

		update(obj);

		return function updateStyle(newObj) {
			if(newObj) {
				if(newObj.css === obj.css && newObj.media === obj.media && newObj.sourceMap === obj.sourceMap)
					return;
				update(obj = newObj);
			} else {
				remove();
			}
		};
	}

	function replaceText(source, id, replacement) {
		var boundaries = ["/** >>" + id + " **/", "/** " + id + "<< **/"];
		var start = source.lastIndexOf(boundaries[0]);
		var wrappedReplacement = replacement
			? (boundaries[0] + replacement + boundaries[1])
			: "";
		if (source.lastIndexOf(boundaries[0]) >= 0) {
			var end = source.lastIndexOf(boundaries[1]) + boundaries[1].length;
			return source.slice(0, start) + wrappedReplacement + source.slice(end);
		} else {
			return source + wrappedReplacement;
		}
	}

	function applyToSingletonTag(styleElement, index, remove, obj) {
		var css = remove ? "" : obj.css;

		if(styleElement.styleSheet) {
			styleElement.styleSheet.cssText = replaceText(styleElement.styleSheet.cssText, index, css);
		} else {
			var cssNode = document.createTextNode(css);
			var childNodes = styleElement.childNodes;
			if (childNodes[index]) styleElement.removeChild(childNodes[index]);
			if (childNodes.length) {
				styleElement.insertBefore(cssNode, childNodes[index]);
			} else {
				styleElement.appendChild(cssNode);
			}
		}
	}

	function applyToTag(styleElement, obj) {
		var css = obj.css;
		var media = obj.media;
		var sourceMap = obj.sourceMap;

		if(sourceMap && typeof btoa === "function") {
			try {
				css += "\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64," + btoa(JSON.stringify(sourceMap)) + " */";
				css = "@import url(\"data:text/css;base64," + btoa(css) + "\")";
			} catch(e) {}
		}

		if(media) {
			styleElement.setAttribute("media", media)
		}

		if(styleElement.styleSheet) {
			styleElement.styleSheet.cssText = css;
		} else {
			while(styleElement.firstChild) {
				styleElement.removeChild(styleElement.firstChild);
			}
			styleElement.appendChild(document.createTextNode(css));
		}
	}


/***/ },
/* 8 */
/***/ function(module, exports, __webpack_require__) {

	/**
	 * @license AngularJS v1.4.0-rc.1
	 * (c) 2010-2015 Google, Inc. http://angularjs.org
	 * License: MIT
	 */
	(function(window, document, undefined) {'use strict';

	/**
	 * @description
	 *
	 * This object provides a utility for producing rich Error messages within
	 * Angular. It can be called as follows:
	 *
	 * var exampleMinErr = minErr('example');
	 * throw exampleMinErr('one', 'This {0} is {1}', foo, bar);
	 *
	 * The above creates an instance of minErr in the example namespace. The
	 * resulting error will have a namespaced error code of example.one.  The
	 * resulting error will replace {0} with the value of foo, and {1} with the
	 * value of bar. The object is not restricted in the number of arguments it can
	 * take.
	 *
	 * If fewer arguments are specified than necessary for interpolation, the extra
	 * interpolation markers will be preserved in the final string.
	 *
	 * Since data will be parsed statically during a build step, some restrictions
	 * are applied with respect to how minErr instances are created and called.
	 * Instances should have names of the form namespaceMinErr for a minErr created
	 * using minErr('namespace') . Error codes, namespaces and template strings
	 * should all be static strings, not variables or general expressions.
	 *
	 * @param {string} module The namespace to use for the new minErr instance.
	 * @param {function} ErrorConstructor Custom error constructor to be instantiated when returning
	 *   error from returned function, for cases when a particular type of error is useful.
	 * @returns {function(code:string, template:string, ...templateArgs): Error} minErr instance
	 */

	function minErr(module, ErrorConstructor) {
	  ErrorConstructor = ErrorConstructor || Error;
	  return function() {
	    var SKIP_INDEXES = 2;

	    var templateArgs = arguments,
	      code = templateArgs[0],
	      message = '[' + (module ? module + ':' : '') + code + '] ',
	      template = templateArgs[1],
	      paramPrefix, i;

	    message += template.replace(/\{\d+\}/g, function(match) {
	      var index = +match.slice(1, -1),
	        shiftedIndex = index + SKIP_INDEXES;

	      if (shiftedIndex < templateArgs.length) {
	        return toDebugString(templateArgs[shiftedIndex]);
	      }

	      return match;
	    });

	    message += '\nhttp://errors.angularjs.org/1.4.0-rc.1/' +
	      (module ? module + '/' : '') + code;

	    for (i = SKIP_INDEXES, paramPrefix = '?'; i < templateArgs.length; i++, paramPrefix = '&') {
	      message += paramPrefix + 'p' + (i - SKIP_INDEXES) + '=' +
	        encodeURIComponent(toDebugString(templateArgs[i]));
	    }

	    return new ErrorConstructor(message);
	  };
	}

	/* We need to tell jshint what variables are being exported */
	/* global angular: true,
	  msie: true,
	  jqLite: true,
	  jQuery: true,
	  slice: true,
	  splice: true,
	  push: true,
	  toString: true,
	  ngMinErr: true,
	  angularModule: true,
	  uid: true,
	  REGEX_STRING_REGEXP: true,
	  VALIDITY_STATE_PROPERTY: true,

	  lowercase: true,
	  uppercase: true,
	  manualLowercase: true,
	  manualUppercase: true,
	  nodeName_: true,
	  isArrayLike: true,
	  forEach: true,
	  forEachSorted: true,
	  reverseParams: true,
	  nextUid: true,
	  setHashKey: true,
	  extend: true,
	  toInt: true,
	  inherit: true,
	  merge: true,
	  noop: true,
	  identity: true,
	  valueFn: true,
	  isUndefined: true,
	  isDefined: true,
	  isObject: true,
	  isString: true,
	  isNumber: true,
	  isDate: true,
	  isArray: true,
	  isFunction: true,
	  isRegExp: true,
	  isWindow: true,
	  isScope: true,
	  isFile: true,
	  isFormData: true,
	  isBlob: true,
	  isBoolean: true,
	  isPromiseLike: true,
	  trim: true,
	  escapeForRegexp: true,
	  isElement: true,
	  makeMap: true,
	  includes: true,
	  arrayRemove: true,
	  copy: true,
	  shallowCopy: true,
	  equals: true,
	  csp: true,
	  jq: true,
	  concat: true,
	  sliceArgs: true,
	  bind: true,
	  toJsonReplacer: true,
	  toJson: true,
	  fromJson: true,
	  convertTimezoneToLocal: true,
	  timezoneToOffset: true,
	  startingTag: true,
	  tryDecodeURIComponent: true,
	  parseKeyValue: true,
	  toKeyValue: true,
	  encodeUriSegment: true,
	  encodeUriQuery: true,
	  angularInit: true,
	  bootstrap: true,
	  getTestability: true,
	  snake_case: true,
	  bindJQuery: true,
	  assertArg: true,
	  assertArgFn: true,
	  assertNotHasOwnProperty: true,
	  getter: true,
	  getBlockNodes: true,
	  hasOwnProperty: true,
	  createMap: true,

	  NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT: true,
	  NODE_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE: true,
	  NODE_TYPE_TEXT: true,
	  NODE_TYPE_COMMENT: true,
	  NODE_TYPE_DOCUMENT: true,
	  NODE_TYPE_DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT: true,
	*/

	////////////////////////////////////

	/**
	 * @ngdoc module
	 * @name ng
	 * @module ng
	 * @description
	 *
	 * # ng (core module)
	 * The ng module is loaded by default when an AngularJS application is started. The module itself
	 * contains the essential components for an AngularJS application to function. The table below
	 * lists a high level breakdown of each of the services/factories, filters, directives and testing
	 * components available within this core module.
	 *
	 * <div doc-module-components="ng"></div>
	 */

	var REGEX_STRING_REGEXP = /^\/(.+)\/([a-z]*)$/;

	// The name of a form control's ValidityState property.
	// This is used so that it's possible for internal tests to create mock ValidityStates.
	var VALIDITY_STATE_PROPERTY = 'validity';

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.lowercase
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description Converts the specified string to lowercase.
	 * @param {string} string String to be converted to lowercase.
	 * @returns {string} Lowercased string.
	 */
	var lowercase = function(string) {return isString(string) ? string.toLowerCase() : string;};
	var hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.uppercase
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description Converts the specified string to uppercase.
	 * @param {string} string String to be converted to uppercase.
	 * @returns {string} Uppercased string.
	 */
	var uppercase = function(string) {return isString(string) ? string.toUpperCase() : string;};


	var manualLowercase = function(s) {
	  /* jshint bitwise: false */
	  return isString(s)
	      ? s.replace(/[A-Z]/g, function(ch) {return String.fromCharCode(ch.charCodeAt(0) | 32);})
	      : s;
	};
	var manualUppercase = function(s) {
	  /* jshint bitwise: false */
	  return isString(s)
	      ? s.replace(/[a-z]/g, function(ch) {return String.fromCharCode(ch.charCodeAt(0) & ~32);})
	      : s;
	};


	// String#toLowerCase and String#toUpperCase don't produce correct results in browsers with Turkish
	// locale, for this reason we need to detect this case and redefine lowercase/uppercase methods
	// with correct but slower alternatives.
	if ('i' !== 'I'.toLowerCase()) {
	  lowercase = manualLowercase;
	  uppercase = manualUppercase;
	}


	var
	    msie,             // holds major version number for IE, or NaN if UA is not IE.
	    jqLite,           // delay binding since jQuery could be loaded after us.
	    jQuery,           // delay binding
	    slice             = [].slice,
	    splice            = [].splice,
	    push              = [].push,
	    toString          = Object.prototype.toString,
	    ngMinErr          = minErr('ng'),

	    /** @name angular */
	    angular           = window.angular || (window.angular = {}),
	    angularModule,
	    uid               = 0;

	/**
	 * documentMode is an IE-only property
	 * http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/cc196988(v=vs.85).aspx
	 */
	msie = document.documentMode;


	/**
	 * @private
	 * @param {*} obj
	 * @return {boolean} Returns true if `obj` is an array or array-like object (NodeList, Arguments,
	 *                   String ...)
	 */
	function isArrayLike(obj) {
	  if (obj == null || isWindow(obj)) {
	    return false;
	  }

	  var length = obj.length;

	  if (obj.nodeType === NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT && length) {
	    return true;
	  }

	  return isString(obj) || isArray(obj) || length === 0 ||
	         typeof length === 'number' && length > 0 && (length - 1) in obj;
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.forEach
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Invokes the `iterator` function once for each item in `obj` collection, which can be either an
	 * object or an array. The `iterator` function is invoked with `iterator(value, key, obj)`, where `value`
	 * is the value of an object property or an array element, `key` is the object property key or
	 * array element index and obj is the `obj` itself. Specifying a `context` for the function is optional.
	 *
	 * It is worth noting that `.forEach` does not iterate over inherited properties because it filters
	 * using the `hasOwnProperty` method.
	 *
	 * Unlike ES262's
	 * [Array.prototype.forEach](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-15.4.4.18),
	 * Providing 'undefined' or 'null' values for `obj` will not throw a TypeError, but rather just
	 * return the value provided.
	 *
	   ```js
	     var values = {name: 'misko', gender: 'male'};
	     var log = [];
	     angular.forEach(values, function(value, key) {
	       this.push(key + ': ' + value);
	     }, log);
	     expect(log).toEqual(['name: misko', 'gender: male']);
	   ```
	 *
	 * @param {Object|Array} obj Object to iterate over.
	 * @param {Function} iterator Iterator function.
	 * @param {Object=} context Object to become context (`this`) for the iterator function.
	 * @returns {Object|Array} Reference to `obj`.
	 */

	function forEach(obj, iterator, context) {
	  var key, length;
	  if (obj) {
	    if (isFunction(obj)) {
	      for (key in obj) {
	        // Need to check if hasOwnProperty exists,
	        // as on IE8 the result of querySelectorAll is an object without a hasOwnProperty function
	        if (key != 'prototype' && key != 'length' && key != 'name' && (!obj.hasOwnProperty || obj.hasOwnProperty(key))) {
	          iterator.call(context, obj[key], key, obj);
	        }
	      }
	    } else if (isArray(obj) || isArrayLike(obj)) {
	      var isPrimitive = typeof obj !== 'object';
	      for (key = 0, length = obj.length; key < length; key++) {
	        if (isPrimitive || key in obj) {
	          iterator.call(context, obj[key], key, obj);
	        }
	      }
	    } else if (obj.forEach && obj.forEach !== forEach) {
	        obj.forEach(iterator, context, obj);
	    } else {
	      for (key in obj) {
	        if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
	          iterator.call(context, obj[key], key, obj);
	        }
	      }
	    }
	  }
	  return obj;
	}

	function forEachSorted(obj, iterator, context) {
	  var keys = Object.keys(obj).sort();
	  for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {
	    iterator.call(context, obj[keys[i]], keys[i]);
	  }
	  return keys;
	}


	/**
	 * when using forEach the params are value, key, but it is often useful to have key, value.
	 * @param {function(string, *)} iteratorFn
	 * @returns {function(*, string)}
	 */
	function reverseParams(iteratorFn) {
	  return function(value, key) { iteratorFn(key, value); };
	}

	/**
	 * A consistent way of creating unique IDs in angular.
	 *
	 * Using simple numbers allows us to generate 28.6 million unique ids per second for 10 years before
	 * we hit number precision issues in JavaScript.
	 *
	 * Math.pow(2,53) / 60 / 60 / 24 / 365 / 10 = 28.6M
	 *
	 * @returns {number} an unique alpha-numeric string
	 */
	function nextUid() {
	  return ++uid;
	}


	/**
	 * Set or clear the hashkey for an object.
	 * @param obj object
	 * @param h the hashkey (!truthy to delete the hashkey)
	 */
	function setHashKey(obj, h) {
	  if (h) {
	    obj.$$hashKey = h;
	  } else {
	    delete obj.$$hashKey;
	  }
	}


	function baseExtend(dst, objs, deep) {
	  var h = dst.$$hashKey;

	  for (var i = 0, ii = objs.length; i < ii; ++i) {
	    var obj = objs[i];
	    if (!isObject(obj) && !isFunction(obj)) continue;
	    var keys = Object.keys(obj);
	    for (var j = 0, jj = keys.length; j < jj; j++) {
	      var key = keys[j];
	      var src = obj[key];

	      if (deep && isObject(src)) {
	        if (!isObject(dst[key])) dst[key] = isArray(src) ? [] : {};
	        baseExtend(dst[key], [src], true);
	      } else {
	        dst[key] = src;
	      }
	    }
	  }

	  setHashKey(dst, h);
	  return dst;
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.extend
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Extends the destination object `dst` by copying own enumerable properties from the `src` object(s)
	 * to `dst`. You can specify multiple `src` objects. If you want to preserve original objects, you can do so
	 * by passing an empty object as the target: `var object = angular.extend({}, object1, object2)`.
	 *
	 * **Note:** Keep in mind that `angular.extend` does not support recursive merge (deep copy). Use
	 * {@link angular.merge} for this.
	 *
	 * @param {Object} dst Destination object.
	 * @param {...Object} src Source object(s).
	 * @returns {Object} Reference to `dst`.
	 */
	function extend(dst) {
	  return baseExtend(dst, slice.call(arguments, 1), false);
	}


	/**
	* @ngdoc function
	* @name angular.merge
	* @module ng
	* @kind function
	*
	* @description
	* Deeply extends the destination object `dst` by copying own enumerable properties from the `src` object(s)
	* to `dst`. You can specify multiple `src` objects. If you want to preserve original objects, you can do so
	* by passing an empty object as the target: `var object = angular.merge({}, object1, object2)`.
	*
	* Unlike {@link angular.extend extend()}, `merge()` recursively descends into object properties of source
	* objects, performing a deep copy.
	*
	* @param {Object} dst Destination object.
	* @param {...Object} src Source object(s).
	* @returns {Object} Reference to `dst`.
	*/
	function merge(dst) {
	  return baseExtend(dst, slice.call(arguments, 1), true);
	}



	function toInt(str) {
	  return parseInt(str, 10);
	}


	function inherit(parent, extra) {
	  return extend(Object.create(parent), extra);
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.noop
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * A function that performs no operations. This function can be useful when writing code in the
	 * functional style.
	   ```js
	     function foo(callback) {
	       var result = calculateResult();
	       (callback || angular.noop)(result);
	     }
	   ```
	 */
	function noop() {}
	noop.$inject = [];


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.identity
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * A function that returns its first argument. This function is useful when writing code in the
	 * functional style.
	 *
	   ```js
	     function transformer(transformationFn, value) {
	       return (transformationFn || angular.identity)(value);
	     };
	   ```
	  * @param {*} value to be returned.
	  * @returns {*} the value passed in.
	 */
	function identity($) {return $;}
	identity.$inject = [];


	function valueFn(value) {return function() {return value;};}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.isUndefined
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Determines if a reference is undefined.
	 *
	 * @param {*} value Reference to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` is undefined.
	 */
	function isUndefined(value) {return typeof value === 'undefined';}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.isDefined
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Determines if a reference is defined.
	 *
	 * @param {*} value Reference to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` is defined.
	 */
	function isDefined(value) {return typeof value !== 'undefined';}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.isObject
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Determines if a reference is an `Object`. Unlike `typeof` in JavaScript, `null`s are not
	 * considered to be objects. Note that JavaScript arrays are objects.
	 *
	 * @param {*} value Reference to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` is an `Object` but not `null`.
	 */
	function isObject(value) {
	  // http://jsperf.com/isobject4
	  return value !== null && typeof value === 'object';
	}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.isString
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Determines if a reference is a `String`.
	 *
	 * @param {*} value Reference to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` is a `String`.
	 */
	function isString(value) {return typeof value === 'string';}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.isNumber
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Determines if a reference is a `Number`.
	 *
	 * This includes the "special" numbers `NaN`, `+Infinity` and `-Infinity`.
	 *
	 * If you wish to exclude these then you can use the native
	 * [`isFinite'](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/isFinite)
	 * method.
	 *
	 * @param {*} value Reference to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` is a `Number`.
	 */
	function isNumber(value) {return typeof value === 'number';}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.isDate
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Determines if a value is a date.
	 *
	 * @param {*} value Reference to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` is a `Date`.
	 */
	function isDate(value) {
	  return toString.call(value) === '[object Date]';
	}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.isArray
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Determines if a reference is an `Array`.
	 *
	 * @param {*} value Reference to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` is an `Array`.
	 */
	var isArray = Array.isArray;

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.isFunction
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Determines if a reference is a `Function`.
	 *
	 * @param {*} value Reference to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` is a `Function`.
	 */
	function isFunction(value) {return typeof value === 'function';}


	/**
	 * Determines if a value is a regular expression object.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {*} value Reference to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` is a `RegExp`.
	 */
	function isRegExp(value) {
	  return toString.call(value) === '[object RegExp]';
	}


	/**
	 * Checks if `obj` is a window object.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param {*} obj Object to check
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `obj` is a window obj.
	 */
	function isWindow(obj) {
	  return obj && obj.window === obj;
	}


	function isScope(obj) {
	  return obj && obj.$evalAsync && obj.$watch;
	}


	function isFile(obj) {
	  return toString.call(obj) === '[object File]';
	}


	function isFormData(obj) {
	  return toString.call(obj) === '[object FormData]';
	}


	function isBlob(obj) {
	  return toString.call(obj) === '[object Blob]';
	}


	function isBoolean(value) {
	  return typeof value === 'boolean';
	}


	function isPromiseLike(obj) {
	  return obj && isFunction(obj.then);
	}


	var TYPED_ARRAY_REGEXP = /^\[object (Uint8(Clamped)?)|(Uint16)|(Uint32)|(Int8)|(Int16)|(Int32)|(Float(32)|(64))Array\]$/;
	function isTypedArray(value) {
	  return TYPED_ARRAY_REGEXP.test(toString.call(value));
	}


	var trim = function(value) {
	  return isString(value) ? value.trim() : value;
	};

	// Copied from:
	// http://docs.closure-library.googlecode.com/git/local_closure_goog_string_string.js.source.html#line1021
	// Prereq: s is a string.
	var escapeForRegexp = function(s) {
	  return s.replace(/([-()\[\]{}+?*.$\^|,:#<!\\])/g, '\\$1').
	           replace(/\x08/g, '\\x08');
	};


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.isElement
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Determines if a reference is a DOM element (or wrapped jQuery element).
	 *
	 * @param {*} value Reference to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` is a DOM element (or wrapped jQuery element).
	 */
	function isElement(node) {
	  return !!(node &&
	    (node.nodeName  // we are a direct element
	    || (node.prop && node.attr && node.find)));  // we have an on and find method part of jQuery API
	}

	/**
	 * @param str 'key1,key2,...'
	 * @returns {object} in the form of {key1:true, key2:true, ...}
	 */
	function makeMap(str) {
	  var obj = {}, items = str.split(","), i;
	  for (i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
	    obj[items[i]] = true;
	  }
	  return obj;
	}


	function nodeName_(element) {
	  return lowercase(element.nodeName || (element[0] && element[0].nodeName));
	}

	function includes(array, obj) {
	  return Array.prototype.indexOf.call(array, obj) != -1;
	}

	function arrayRemove(array, value) {
	  var index = array.indexOf(value);
	  if (index >= 0) {
	    array.splice(index, 1);
	  }
	  return index;
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.copy
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Creates a deep copy of `source`, which should be an object or an array.
	 *
	 * * If no destination is supplied, a copy of the object or array is created.
	 * * If a destination is provided, all of its elements (for arrays) or properties (for objects)
	 *   are deleted and then all elements/properties from the source are copied to it.
	 * * If `source` is not an object or array (inc. `null` and `undefined`), `source` is returned.
	 * * If `source` is identical to 'destination' an exception will be thrown.
	 *
	 * @param {*} source The source that will be used to make a copy.
	 *                   Can be any type, including primitives, `null`, and `undefined`.
	 * @param {(Object|Array)=} destination Destination into which the source is copied. If
	 *     provided, must be of the same type as `source`.
	 * @returns {*} The copy or updated `destination`, if `destination` was specified.
	 *
	 * @example
	 <example module="copyExample">
	 <file name="index.html">
	 <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
	 <form novalidate class="simple-form">
	 Name: <input type="text" ng-model="user.name" /><br />
	 E-mail: <input type="email" ng-model="user.email" /><br />
	 Gender: <input type="radio" ng-model="user.gender" value="male" />male
	 <input type="radio" ng-model="user.gender" value="female" />female<br />
	 <button ng-click="reset()">RESET</button>
	 <button ng-click="update(user)">SAVE</button>
	 </form>
	 <pre>form = {{user | json}}</pre>
	 <pre>master = {{master | json}}</pre>
	 </div>

	 <script>
	  angular.module('copyExample', [])
	    .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
	      $scope.master= {};

	      $scope.update = function(user) {
	        // Example with 1 argument
	        $scope.master= angular.copy(user);
	      };

	      $scope.reset = function() {
	        // Example with 2 arguments
	        angular.copy($scope.master, $scope.user);
	      };

	      $scope.reset();
	    }]);
	 </script>
	 </file>
	 </example>
	 */
	function copy(source, destination, stackSource, stackDest) {
	  if (isWindow(source) || isScope(source)) {
	    throw ngMinErr('cpws',
	      "Can't copy! Making copies of Window or Scope instances is not supported.");
	  }
	  if (isTypedArray(destination)) {
	    throw ngMinErr('cpta',
	      "Can't copy! TypedArray destination cannot be mutated.");
	  }

	  if (!destination) {
	    destination = source;
	    if (source) {
	      if (isArray(source)) {
	        destination = copy(source, [], stackSource, stackDest);
	      } else if (isTypedArray(source)) {
	        destination = new source.constructor(source);
	      } else if (isDate(source)) {
	        destination = new Date(source.getTime());
	      } else if (isRegExp(source)) {
	        destination = new RegExp(source.source, source.toString().match(/[^\/]*$/)[0]);
	        destination.lastIndex = source.lastIndex;
	      } else if (isObject(source)) {
	        var emptyObject = Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(source));
	        destination = copy(source, emptyObject, stackSource, stackDest);
	      }
	    }
	  } else {
	    if (source === destination) throw ngMinErr('cpi',
	      "Can't copy! Source and destination are identical.");

	    stackSource = stackSource || [];
	    stackDest = stackDest || [];

	    if (isObject(source)) {
	      var index = stackSource.indexOf(source);
	      if (index !== -1) return stackDest[index];

	      stackSource.push(source);
	      stackDest.push(destination);
	    }

	    var result;
	    if (isArray(source)) {
	      destination.length = 0;
	      for (var i = 0; i < source.length; i++) {
	        result = copy(source[i], null, stackSource, stackDest);
	        if (isObject(source[i])) {
	          stackSource.push(source[i]);
	          stackDest.push(result);
	        }
	        destination.push(result);
	      }
	    } else {
	      var h = destination.$$hashKey;
	      if (isArray(destination)) {
	        destination.length = 0;
	      } else {
	        forEach(destination, function(value, key) {
	          delete destination[key];
	        });
	      }
	      for (var key in source) {
	        if (source.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
	          result = copy(source[key], null, stackSource, stackDest);
	          if (isObject(source[key])) {
	            stackSource.push(source[key]);
	            stackDest.push(result);
	          }
	          destination[key] = result;
	        }
	      }
	      setHashKey(destination,h);
	    }

	  }
	  return destination;
	}

	/**
	 * Creates a shallow copy of an object, an array or a primitive.
	 *
	 * Assumes that there are no proto properties for objects.
	 */
	function shallowCopy(src, dst) {
	  if (isArray(src)) {
	    dst = dst || [];

	    for (var i = 0, ii = src.length; i < ii; i++) {
	      dst[i] = src[i];
	    }
	  } else if (isObject(src)) {
	    dst = dst || {};

	    for (var key in src) {
	      if (!(key.charAt(0) === '$' && key.charAt(1) === '$')) {
	        dst[key] = src[key];
	      }
	    }
	  }

	  return dst || src;
	}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.equals
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Determines if two objects or two values are equivalent. Supports value types, regular
	 * expressions, arrays and objects.
	 *
	 * Two objects or values are considered equivalent if at least one of the following is true:
	 *
	 * * Both objects or values pass `===` comparison.
	 * * Both objects or values are of the same type and all of their properties are equal by
	 *   comparing them with `angular.equals`.
	 * * Both values are NaN. (In JavaScript, NaN == NaN => false. But we consider two NaN as equal)
	 * * Both values represent the same regular expression (In JavaScript,
	 *   /abc/ == /abc/ => false. But we consider two regular expressions as equal when their textual
	 *   representation matches).
	 *
	 * During a property comparison, properties of `function` type and properties with names
	 * that begin with `$` are ignored.
	 *
	 * Scope and DOMWindow objects are being compared only by identify (`===`).
	 *
	 * @param {*} o1 Object or value to compare.
	 * @param {*} o2 Object or value to compare.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if arguments are equal.
	 */
	function equals(o1, o2) {
	  if (o1 === o2) return true;
	  if (o1 === null || o2 === null) return false;
	  if (o1 !== o1 && o2 !== o2) return true; // NaN === NaN
	  var t1 = typeof o1, t2 = typeof o2, length, key, keySet;
	  if (t1 == t2) {
	    if (t1 == 'object') {
	      if (isArray(o1)) {
	        if (!isArray(o2)) return false;
	        if ((length = o1.length) == o2.length) {
	          for (key = 0; key < length; key++) {
	            if (!equals(o1[key], o2[key])) return false;
	          }
	          return true;
	        }
	      } else if (isDate(o1)) {
	        if (!isDate(o2)) return false;
	        return equals(o1.getTime(), o2.getTime());
	      } else if (isRegExp(o1)) {
	        return isRegExp(o2) ? o1.toString() == o2.toString() : false;
	      } else {
	        if (isScope(o1) || isScope(o2) || isWindow(o1) || isWindow(o2) ||
	          isArray(o2) || isDate(o2) || isRegExp(o2)) return false;
	        keySet = {};
	        for (key in o1) {
	          if (key.charAt(0) === '$' || isFunction(o1[key])) continue;
	          if (!equals(o1[key], o2[key])) return false;
	          keySet[key] = true;
	        }
	        for (key in o2) {
	          if (!keySet.hasOwnProperty(key) &&
	              key.charAt(0) !== '$' &&
	              o2[key] !== undefined &&
	              !isFunction(o2[key])) return false;
	        }
	        return true;
	      }
	    }
	  }
	  return false;
	}

	var csp = function() {
	  if (isDefined(csp.isActive_)) return csp.isActive_;

	  var active = !!(document.querySelector('[ng-csp]') ||
	                  document.querySelector('[data-ng-csp]'));

	  if (!active) {
	    try {
	      /* jshint -W031, -W054 */
	      new Function('');
	      /* jshint +W031, +W054 */
	    } catch (e) {
	      active = true;
	    }
	  }

	  return (csp.isActive_ = active);
	};

	/**
	 * @ngdoc directive
	 * @module ng
	 * @name ngJq
	 *
	 * @element ANY
	 * @param {string=} the name of the library available under `window`
	 * to be used for angular.element
	 * @description
	 * Use this directive to force the angular.element library.  This should be
	 * used to force either jqLite by leaving ng-jq blank or setting the name of
	 * the jquery variable under window (eg. jQuery).
	 *
	 * Since this directive is global for the angular library, it is recommended
	 * that it's added to the same element as ng-app or the HTML element, but it is not mandatory.
	 * It needs to be noted that only the first instance of `ng-jq` will be used and all others
	 * ignored.
	 *
	 * @example
	 * This example shows how to force jqLite using the `ngJq` directive to the `html` tag.
	 ```html
	 <!doctype html>
	 <html ng-app ng-jq>
	 ...
	 ...
	 </html>
	 ```
	 * @example
	 * This example shows how to use a jQuery based library of a different name.
	 * The library name must be available at the top most 'window'.
	 ```html
	 <!doctype html>
	 <html ng-app ng-jq="jQueryLib">
	 ...
	 ...
	 </html>
	 ```
	 */
	var jq = function() {
	  if (isDefined(jq.name_)) return jq.name_;
	  var el;
	  var i, ii = ngAttrPrefixes.length, prefix, name;
	  for (i = 0; i < ii; ++i) {
	    prefix = ngAttrPrefixes[i];
	    if (el = document.querySelector('[' + prefix.replace(':', '\\:') + 'jq]')) {
	      name = el.getAttribute(prefix + 'jq');
	      break;
	    }
	  }

	  return (jq.name_ = name);
	};

	function concat(array1, array2, index) {
	  return array1.concat(slice.call(array2, index));
	}

	function sliceArgs(args, startIndex) {
	  return slice.call(args, startIndex || 0);
	}


	/* jshint -W101 */
	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.bind
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Returns a function which calls function `fn` bound to `self` (`self` becomes the `this` for
	 * `fn`). You can supply optional `args` that are prebound to the function. This feature is also
	 * known as [partial application](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_application), as
	 * distinguished from [function currying](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currying#Contrast_with_partial_function_application).
	 *
	 * @param {Object} self Context which `fn` should be evaluated in.
	 * @param {function()} fn Function to be bound.
	 * @param {...*} args Optional arguments to be prebound to the `fn` function call.
	 * @returns {function()} Function that wraps the `fn` with all the specified bindings.
	 */
	/* jshint +W101 */
	function bind(self, fn) {
	  var curryArgs = arguments.length > 2 ? sliceArgs(arguments, 2) : [];
	  if (isFunction(fn) && !(fn instanceof RegExp)) {
	    return curryArgs.length
	      ? function() {
	          return arguments.length
	            ? fn.apply(self, concat(curryArgs, arguments, 0))
	            : fn.apply(self, curryArgs);
	        }
	      : function() {
	          return arguments.length
	            ? fn.apply(self, arguments)
	            : fn.call(self);
	        };
	  } else {
	    // in IE, native methods are not functions so they cannot be bound (note: they don't need to be)
	    return fn;
	  }
	}


	function toJsonReplacer(key, value) {
	  var val = value;

	  if (typeof key === 'string' && key.charAt(0) === '$' && key.charAt(1) === '$') {
	    val = undefined;
	  } else if (isWindow(value)) {
	    val = '$WINDOW';
	  } else if (value &&  document === value) {
	    val = '$DOCUMENT';
	  } else if (isScope(value)) {
	    val = '$SCOPE';
	  }

	  return val;
	}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.toJson
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Serializes input into a JSON-formatted string. Properties with leading $$ characters will be
	 * stripped since angular uses this notation internally.
	 *
	 * @param {Object|Array|Date|string|number} obj Input to be serialized into JSON.
	 * @param {boolean|number} [pretty=2] If set to true, the JSON output will contain newlines and whitespace.
	 *    If set to an integer, the JSON output will contain that many spaces per indentation.
	 * @returns {string|undefined} JSON-ified string representing `obj`.
	 */
	function toJson(obj, pretty) {
	  if (typeof obj === 'undefined') return undefined;
	  if (!isNumber(pretty)) {
	    pretty = pretty ? 2 : null;
	  }
	  return JSON.stringify(obj, toJsonReplacer, pretty);
	}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.fromJson
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Deserializes a JSON string.
	 *
	 * @param {string} json JSON string to deserialize.
	 * @returns {Object|Array|string|number} Deserialized JSON string.
	 */
	function fromJson(json) {
	  return isString(json)
	      ? JSON.parse(json)
	      : json;
	}


	function timezoneToOffset(timezone, fallback) {
	  var requestedTimezoneOffset = Date.parse('Jan 01, 1970 00:00:00 ' + timezone) / 60000;
	  return isNaN(requestedTimezoneOffset) ? fallback : requestedTimezoneOffset;
	}


	function addDateMinutes(date, minutes) {
	  date = new Date(date.getTime());
	  date.setMinutes(date.getMinutes() + minutes);
	  return date;
	}


	function convertTimezoneToLocal(date, timezone, reverse) {
	  reverse = reverse ? -1 : 1;
	  var timezoneOffset = timezoneToOffset(timezone, date.getTimezoneOffset());
	  return addDateMinutes(date, reverse * (timezoneOffset - date.getTimezoneOffset()));
	}


	/**
	 * @returns {string} Returns the string representation of the element.
	 */
	function startingTag(element) {
	  element = jqLite(element).clone();
	  try {
	    // turns out IE does not let you set .html() on elements which
	    // are not allowed to have children. So we just ignore it.
	    element.empty();
	  } catch (e) {}
	  var elemHtml = jqLite('<div>').append(element).html();
	  try {
	    return element[0].nodeType === NODE_TYPE_TEXT ? lowercase(elemHtml) :
	        elemHtml.
	          match(/^(<[^>]+>)/)[1].
	          replace(/^<([\w\-]+)/, function(match, nodeName) { return '<' + lowercase(nodeName); });
	  } catch (e) {
	    return lowercase(elemHtml);
	  }

	}


	/////////////////////////////////////////////////

	/**
	 * Tries to decode the URI component without throwing an exception.
	 *
	 * @private
	 * @param str value potential URI component to check.
	 * @returns {boolean} True if `value` can be decoded
	 * with the decodeURIComponent function.
	 */
	function tryDecodeURIComponent(value) {
	  try {
	    return decodeURIComponent(value);
	  } catch (e) {
	    // Ignore any invalid uri component
	  }
	}


	/**
	 * Parses an escaped url query string into key-value pairs.
	 * @returns {Object.<string,boolean|Array>}
	 */
	function parseKeyValue(/**string*/keyValue) {
	  var obj = {}, key_value, key;
	  forEach((keyValue || "").split('&'), function(keyValue) {
	    if (keyValue) {
	      key_value = keyValue.replace(/\+/g,'%20').split('=');
	      key = tryDecodeURIComponent(key_value[0]);
	      if (isDefined(key)) {
	        var val = isDefined(key_value[1]) ? tryDecodeURIComponent(key_value[1]) : true;
	        if (!hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
	          obj[key] = val;
	        } else if (isArray(obj[key])) {
	          obj[key].push(val);
	        } else {
	          obj[key] = [obj[key],val];
	        }
	      }
	    }
	  });
	  return obj;
	}

	function toKeyValue(obj) {
	  var parts = [];
	  forEach(obj, function(value, key) {
	    if (isArray(value)) {
	      forEach(value, function(arrayValue) {
	        parts.push(encodeUriQuery(key, true) +
	                   (arrayValue === true ? '' : '=' + encodeUriQuery(arrayValue, true)));
	      });
	    } else {
	    parts.push(encodeUriQuery(key, true) +
	               (value === true ? '' : '=' + encodeUriQuery(value, true)));
	    }
	  });
	  return parts.length ? parts.join('&') : '';
	}


	/**
	 * We need our custom method because encodeURIComponent is too aggressive and doesn't follow
	 * http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt with regards to the character set (pchar) allowed in path
	 * segments:
	 *    segment       = *pchar
	 *    pchar         = unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" / "@"
	 *    pct-encoded   = "%" HEXDIG HEXDIG
	 *    unreserved    = ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"
	 *    sub-delims    = "!" / "$" / "&" / "'" / "(" / ")"
	 *                     / "*" / "+" / "," / ";" / "="
	 */
	function encodeUriSegment(val) {
	  return encodeUriQuery(val, true).
	             replace(/%26/gi, '&').
	             replace(/%3D/gi, '=').
	             replace(/%2B/gi, '+');
	}


	/**
	 * This method is intended for encoding *key* or *value* parts of query component. We need a custom
	 * method because encodeURIComponent is too aggressive and encodes stuff that doesn't have to be
	 * encoded per http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986:
	 *    query       = *( pchar / "/" / "?" )
	 *    pchar         = unreserved / pct-encoded / sub-delims / ":" / "@"
	 *    unreserved    = ALPHA / DIGIT / "-" / "." / "_" / "~"
	 *    pct-encoded   = "%" HEXDIG HEXDIG
	 *    sub-delims    = "!" / "$" / "&" / "'" / "(" / ")"
	 *                     / "*" / "+" / "," / ";" / "="
	 */
	function encodeUriQuery(val, pctEncodeSpaces) {
	  return encodeURIComponent(val).
	             replace(/%40/gi, '@').
	             replace(/%3A/gi, ':').
	             replace(/%24/g, '$').
	             replace(/%2C/gi, ',').
	             replace(/%3B/gi, ';').
	             replace(/%20/g, (pctEncodeSpaces ? '%20' : '+'));
	}

	var ngAttrPrefixes = ['ng-', 'data-ng-', 'ng:', 'x-ng-'];

	function getNgAttribute(element, ngAttr) {
	  var attr, i, ii = ngAttrPrefixes.length;
	  for (i = 0; i < ii; ++i) {
	    attr = ngAttrPrefixes[i] + ngAttr;
	    if (isString(attr = element.getAttribute(attr))) {
	      return attr;
	    }
	  }
	  return null;
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc directive
	 * @name ngApp
	 * @module ng
	 *
	 * @element ANY
	 * @param {angular.Module} ngApp an optional application
	 *   {@link angular.module module} name to load.
	 * @param {boolean=} ngStrictDi if this attribute is present on the app element, the injector will be
	 *   created in "strict-di" mode. This means that the application will fail to invoke functions which
	 *   do not use explicit function annotation (and are thus unsuitable for minification), as described
	 *   in {@link guide/di the Dependency Injection guide}, and useful debugging info will assist in
	 *   tracking down the root of these bugs.
	 *
	 * @description
	 *
	 * Use this directive to **auto-bootstrap** an AngularJS application. The `ngApp` directive
	 * designates the **root element** of the application and is typically placed near the root element
	 * of the page - e.g. on the `<body>` or `<html>` tags.
	 *
	 * Only one AngularJS application can be auto-bootstrapped per HTML document. The first `ngApp`
	 * found in the document will be used to define the root element to auto-bootstrap as an
	 * application. To run multiple applications in an HTML document you must manually bootstrap them using
	 * {@link angular.bootstrap} instead. AngularJS applications cannot be nested within each other.
	 *
	 * You can specify an **AngularJS module** to be used as the root module for the application.  This
	 * module will be loaded into the {@link auto.$injector} when the application is bootstrapped. It
	 * should contain the application code needed or have dependencies on other modules that will
	 * contain the code. See {@link angular.module} for more information.
	 *
	 * In the example below if the `ngApp` directive were not placed on the `html` element then the
	 * document would not be compiled, the `AppController` would not be instantiated and the `{{ a+b }}`
	 * would not be resolved to `3`.
	 *
	 * `ngApp` is the easiest, and most common way to bootstrap an application.
	 *
	 <example module="ngAppDemo">
	   <file name="index.html">
	   <div ng-controller="ngAppDemoController">
	     I can add: {{a}} + {{b}} =  {{ a+b }}
	   </div>
	   </file>
	   <file name="script.js">
	   angular.module('ngAppDemo', []).controller('ngAppDemoController', function($scope) {
	     $scope.a = 1;
	     $scope.b = 2;
	   });
	   </file>
	 </example>
	 *
	 * Using `ngStrictDi`, you would see something like this:
	 *
	 <example ng-app-included="true">
	   <file name="index.html">
	   <div ng-app="ngAppStrictDemo" ng-strict-di>
	       <div ng-controller="GoodController1">
	           I can add: {{a}} + {{b}} =  {{ a+b }}

	           <p>This renders because the controller does not fail to
	              instantiate, by using explicit annotation style (see
	              script.js for details)
	           </p>
	       </div>

	       <div ng-controller="GoodController2">
	           Name: <input ng-model="name"><br />
	           Hello, {{name}}!

	           <p>This renders because the controller does not fail to
	              instantiate, by using explicit annotation style
	              (see script.js for details)
	           </p>
	       </div>

	       <div ng-controller="BadController">
	           I can add: {{a}} + {{b}} =  {{ a+b }}

	           <p>The controller could not be instantiated, due to relying
	              on automatic function annotations (which are disabled in
	              strict mode). As such, the content of this section is not
	              interpolated, and there should be an error in your web console.
	           </p>
	       </div>
	   </div>
	   </file>
	   <file name="script.js">
	   angular.module('ngAppStrictDemo', [])
	     // BadController will fail to instantiate, due to relying on automatic function annotation,
	     // rather than an explicit annotation
	     .controller('BadController', function($scope) {
	       $scope.a = 1;
	       $scope.b = 2;
	     })
	     // Unlike BadController, GoodController1 and GoodController2 will not fail to be instantiated,
	     // due to using explicit annotations using the array style and $inject property, respectively.
	     .controller('GoodController1', ['$scope', function($scope) {
	       $scope.a = 1;
	       $scope.b = 2;
	     }])
	     .controller('GoodController2', GoodController2);
	     function GoodController2($scope) {
	       $scope.name = "World";
	     }
	     GoodController2.$inject = ['$scope'];
	   </file>
	   <file name="style.css">
	   div[ng-controller] {
	       margin-bottom: 1em;
	       -webkit-border-radius: 4px;
	       border-radius: 4px;
	       border: 1px solid;
	       padding: .5em;
	   }
	   div[ng-controller^=Good] {
	       border-color: #d6e9c6;
	       background-color: #dff0d8;
	       color: #3c763d;
	   }
	   div[ng-controller^=Bad] {
	       border-color: #ebccd1;
	       background-color: #f2dede;
	       color: #a94442;
	       margin-bottom: 0;
	   }
	   </file>
	 </example>
	 */
	function angularInit(element, bootstrap) {
	  var appElement,
	      module,
	      config = {};

	  // The element `element` has priority over any other element
	  forEach(ngAttrPrefixes, function(prefix) {
	    var name = prefix + 'app';

	    if (!appElement && element.hasAttribute && element.hasAttribute(name)) {
	      appElement = element;
	      module = element.getAttribute(name);
	    }
	  });
	  forEach(ngAttrPrefixes, function(prefix) {
	    var name = prefix + 'app';
	    var candidate;

	    if (!appElement && (candidate = element.querySelector('[' + name.replace(':', '\\:') + ']'))) {
	      appElement = candidate;
	      module = candidate.getAttribute(name);
	    }
	  });
	  if (appElement) {
	    config.strictDi = getNgAttribute(appElement, "strict-di") !== null;
	    bootstrap(appElement, module ? [module] : [], config);
	  }
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.bootstrap
	 * @module ng
	 * @description
	 * Use this function to manually start up angular application.
	 *
	 * See: {@link guide/bootstrap Bootstrap}
	 *
	 * Note that Protractor based end-to-end tests cannot use this function to bootstrap manually.
	 * They must use {@link ng.directive:ngApp ngApp}.
	 *
	 * Angular will detect if it has been loaded into the browser more than once and only allow the
	 * first loaded script to be bootstrapped and will report a warning to the browser console for
	 * each of the subsequent scripts. This prevents strange results in applications, where otherwise
	 * multiple instances of Angular try to work on the DOM.
	 *
	 * ```html
	 * <!doctype html>
	 * <html>
	 * <body>
	 * <div ng-controller="WelcomeController">
	 *   {{greeting}}
	 * </div>
	 *
	 * <script src="angular.js"></script>
	 * <script>
	 *   var app = angular.module('demo', [])
	 *   .controller('WelcomeController', function($scope) {
	 *       $scope.greeting = 'Welcome!';
	 *   });
	 *   angular.bootstrap(document, ['demo']);
	 * </script>
	 * </body>
	 * </html>
	 * ```
	 *
	 * @param {DOMElement} element DOM element which is the root of angular application.
	 * @param {Array<String|Function|Array>=} modules an array of modules to load into the application.
	 *     Each item in the array should be the name of a predefined module or a (DI annotated)
	 *     function that will be invoked by the injector as a `config` block.
	 *     See: {@link angular.module modules}
	 * @param {Object=} config an object for defining configuration options for the application. The
	 *     following keys are supported:
	 *
	 * * `strictDi` - disable automatic function annotation for the application. This is meant to
	 *   assist in finding bugs which break minified code. Defaults to `false`.
	 *
	 * @returns {auto.$injector} Returns the newly created injector for this app.
	 */
	function bootstrap(element, modules, config) {
	  if (!isObject(config)) config = {};
	  var defaultConfig = {
	    strictDi: false
	  };
	  config = extend(defaultConfig, config);
	  var doBootstrap = function() {
	    element = jqLite(element);

	    if (element.injector()) {
	      var tag = (element[0] === document) ? 'document' : startingTag(element);
	      //Encode angle brackets to prevent input from being sanitized to empty string #8683
	      throw ngMinErr(
	          'btstrpd',
	          "App Already Bootstrapped with this Element '{0}'",
	          tag.replace(/</,'&lt;').replace(/>/,'&gt;'));
	    }

	    modules = modules || [];
	    modules.unshift(['$provide', function($provide) {
	      $provide.value('$rootElement', element);
	    }]);

	    if (config.debugInfoEnabled) {
	      // Pushing so that this overrides `debugInfoEnabled` setting defined in user's `modules`.
	      modules.push(['$compileProvider', function($compileProvider) {
	        $compileProvider.debugInfoEnabled(true);
	      }]);
	    }

	    modules.unshift('ng');
	    var injector = createInjector(modules, config.strictDi);
	    injector.invoke(['$rootScope', '$rootElement', '$compile', '$injector',
	       function bootstrapApply(scope, element, compile, injector) {
	        scope.$apply(function() {
	          element.data('$injector', injector);
	          compile(element)(scope);
	        });
	      }]
	    );
	    return injector;
	  };

	  var NG_ENABLE_DEBUG_INFO = /^NG_ENABLE_DEBUG_INFO!/;
	  var NG_DEFER_BOOTSTRAP = /^NG_DEFER_BOOTSTRAP!/;

	  if (window && NG_ENABLE_DEBUG_INFO.test(window.name)) {
	    config.debugInfoEnabled = true;
	    window.name = window.name.replace(NG_ENABLE_DEBUG_INFO, '');
	  }

	  if (window && !NG_DEFER_BOOTSTRAP.test(window.name)) {
	    return doBootstrap();
	  }

	  window.name = window.name.replace(NG_DEFER_BOOTSTRAP, '');
	  angular.resumeBootstrap = function(extraModules) {
	    forEach(extraModules, function(module) {
	      modules.push(module);
	    });
	    return doBootstrap();
	  };

	  if (isFunction(angular.resumeDeferredBootstrap)) {
	    angular.resumeDeferredBootstrap();
	  }
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.reloadWithDebugInfo
	 * @module ng
	 * @description
	 * Use this function to reload the current application with debug information turned on.
	 * This takes precedence over a call to `$compileProvider.debugInfoEnabled(false)`.
	 *
	 * See {@link ng.$compileProvider#debugInfoEnabled} for more.
	 */
	function reloadWithDebugInfo() {
	  window.name = 'NG_ENABLE_DEBUG_INFO!' + window.name;
	  window.location.reload();
	}

	/**
	 * @name angular.getTestability
	 * @module ng
	 * @description
	 * Get the testability service for the instance of Angular on the given
	 * element.
	 * @param {DOMElement} element DOM element which is the root of angular application.
	 */
	function getTestability(rootElement) {
	  var injector = angular.element(rootElement).injector();
	  if (!injector) {
	    throw ngMinErr('test',
	      'no injector found for element argument to getTestability');
	  }
	  return injector.get('$$testability');
	}

	var SNAKE_CASE_REGEXP = /[A-Z]/g;
	function snake_case(name, separator) {
	  separator = separator || '_';
	  return name.replace(SNAKE_CASE_REGEXP, function(letter, pos) {
	    return (pos ? separator : '') + letter.toLowerCase();
	  });
	}

	var bindJQueryFired = false;
	var skipDestroyOnNextJQueryCleanData;
	function bindJQuery() {
	  var originalCleanData;

	  if (bindJQueryFired) {
	    return;
	  }

	  // bind to jQuery if present;
	  var jqName = jq();
	  jQuery = window.jQuery; // use default jQuery.
	  if (isDefined(jqName)) { // `ngJq` present
	    jQuery = jqName === null ? undefined : window[jqName]; // if empty; use jqLite. if not empty, use jQuery specified by `ngJq`.
	  }

	  // Use jQuery if it exists with proper functionality, otherwise default to us.
	  // Angular 1.2+ requires jQuery 1.7+ for on()/off() support.
	  // Angular 1.3+ technically requires at least jQuery 2.1+ but it may work with older
	  // versions. It will not work for sure with jQuery <1.7, though.
	  if (jQuery && jQuery.fn.on) {
	    jqLite = jQuery;
	    extend(jQuery.fn, {
	      scope: JQLitePrototype.scope,
	      isolateScope: JQLitePrototype.isolateScope,
	      controller: JQLitePrototype.controller,
	      injector: JQLitePrototype.injector,
	      inheritedData: JQLitePrototype.inheritedData
	    });

	    // All nodes removed from the DOM via various jQuery APIs like .remove()
	    // are passed through jQuery.cleanData. Monkey-patch this method to fire
	    // the $destroy event on all removed nodes.
	    originalCleanData = jQuery.cleanData;
	    jQuery.cleanData = function(elems) {
	      var events;
	      if (!skipDestroyOnNextJQueryCleanData) {
	        for (var i = 0, elem; (elem = elems[i]) != null; i++) {
	          events = jQuery._data(elem, "events");
	          if (events && events.$destroy) {
	            jQuery(elem).triggerHandler('$destroy');
	          }
	        }
	      } else {
	        skipDestroyOnNextJQueryCleanData = false;
	      }
	      originalCleanData(elems);
	    };
	  } else {
	    jqLite = JQLite;
	  }

	  angular.element = jqLite;

	  // Prevent double-proxying.
	  bindJQueryFired = true;
	}

	/**
	 * throw error if the argument is falsy.
	 */
	function assertArg(arg, name, reason) {
	  if (!arg) {
	    throw ngMinErr('areq', "Argument '{0}' is {1}", (name || '?'), (reason || "required"));
	  }
	  return arg;
	}

	function assertArgFn(arg, name, acceptArrayAnnotation) {
	  if (acceptArrayAnnotation && isArray(arg)) {
	      arg = arg[arg.length - 1];
	  }

	  assertArg(isFunction(arg), name, 'not a function, got ' +
	      (arg && typeof arg === 'object' ? arg.constructor.name || 'Object' : typeof arg));
	  return arg;
	}

	/**
	 * throw error if the name given is hasOwnProperty
	 * @param  {String} name    the name to test
	 * @param  {String} context the context in which the name is used, such as module or directive
	 */
	function assertNotHasOwnProperty(name, context) {
	  if (name === 'hasOwnProperty') {
	    throw ngMinErr('badname', "hasOwnProperty is not a valid {0} name", context);
	  }
	}

	/**
	 * Return the value accessible from the object by path. Any undefined traversals are ignored
	 * @param {Object} obj starting object
	 * @param {String} path path to traverse
	 * @param {boolean} [bindFnToScope=true]
	 * @returns {Object} value as accessible by path
	 */
	//TODO(misko): this function needs to be removed
	function getter(obj, path, bindFnToScope) {
	  if (!path) return obj;
	  var keys = path.split('.');
	  var key;
	  var lastInstance = obj;
	  var len = keys.length;

	  for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) {
	    key = keys[i];
	    if (obj) {
	      obj = (lastInstance = obj)[key];
	    }
	  }
	  if (!bindFnToScope && isFunction(obj)) {
	    return bind(lastInstance, obj);
	  }
	  return obj;
	}

	/**
	 * Return the DOM siblings between the first and last node in the given array.
	 * @param {Array} array like object
	 * @returns {jqLite} jqLite collection containing the nodes
	 */
	function getBlockNodes(nodes) {
	  // TODO(perf): just check if all items in `nodes` are siblings and if they are return the original
	  //             collection, otherwise update the original collection.
	  var node = nodes[0];
	  var endNode = nodes[nodes.length - 1];
	  var blockNodes = [node];

	  do {
	    node = node.nextSibling;
	    if (!node) break;
	    blockNodes.push(node);
	  } while (node !== endNode);

	  return jqLite(blockNodes);
	}


	/**
	 * Creates a new object without a prototype. This object is useful for lookup without having to
	 * guard against prototypically inherited properties via hasOwnProperty.
	 *
	 * Related micro-benchmarks:
	 * - http://jsperf.com/object-create2
	 * - http://jsperf.com/proto-map-lookup/2
	 * - http://jsperf.com/for-in-vs-object-keys2
	 *
	 * @returns {Object}
	 */
	function createMap() {
	  return Object.create(null);
	}

	var NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT = 1;
	var NODE_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE = 2;
	var NODE_TYPE_TEXT = 3;
	var NODE_TYPE_COMMENT = 8;
	var NODE_TYPE_DOCUMENT = 9;
	var NODE_TYPE_DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT = 11;

	/**
	 * @ngdoc type
	 * @name angular.Module
	 * @module ng
	 * @description
	 *
	 * Interface for configuring angular {@link angular.module modules}.
	 */

	function setupModuleLoader(window) {

	  var $injectorMinErr = minErr('$injector');
	  var ngMinErr = minErr('ng');

	  function ensure(obj, name, factory) {
	    return obj[name] || (obj[name] = factory());
	  }

	  var angular = ensure(window, 'angular', Object);

	  // We need to expose `angular.$$minErr` to modules such as `ngResource` that reference it during bootstrap
	  angular.$$minErr = angular.$$minErr || minErr;

	  return ensure(angular, 'module', function() {
	    /** @type {Object.<string, angular.Module>} */
	    var modules = {};

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc function
	     * @name angular.module
	     * @module ng
	     * @description
	     *
	     * The `angular.module` is a global place for creating, registering and retrieving Angular
	     * modules.
	     * All modules (angular core or 3rd party) that should be available to an application must be
	     * registered using this mechanism.
	     *
	     * When passed two or more arguments, a new module is created.  If passed only one argument, an
	     * existing module (the name passed as the first argument to `module`) is retrieved.
	     *
	     *
	     * # Module
	     *
	     * A module is a collection of services, directives, controllers, filters, and configuration information.
	     * `angular.module` is used to configure the {@link auto.$injector $injector}.
	     *
	     * ```js
	     * // Create a new module
	     * var myModule = angular.module('myModule', []);
	     *
	     * // register a new service
	     * myModule.value('appName', 'MyCoolApp');
	     *
	     * // configure existing services inside initialization blocks.
	     * myModule.config(['$locationProvider', function($locationProvider) {
	     *   // Configure existing providers
	     *   $locationProvider.hashPrefix('!');
	     * }]);
	     * ```
	     *
	     * Then you can create an injector and load your modules like this:
	     *
	     * ```js
	     * var injector = angular.injector(['ng', 'myModule'])
	     * ```
	     *
	     * However it's more likely that you'll just use
	     * {@link ng.directive:ngApp ngApp} or
	     * {@link angular.bootstrap} to simplify this process for you.
	     *
	     * @param {!string} name The name of the module to create or retrieve.
	     * @param {!Array.<string>=} requires If specified then new module is being created. If
	     *        unspecified then the module is being retrieved for further configuration.
	     * @param {Function=} configFn Optional configuration function for the module. Same as
	     *        {@link angular.Module#config Module#config()}.
	     * @returns {module} new module with the {@link angular.Module} api.
	     */
	    return function module(name, requires, configFn) {
	      var assertNotHasOwnProperty = function(name, context) {
	        if (name === 'hasOwnProperty') {
	          throw ngMinErr('badname', 'hasOwnProperty is not a valid {0} name', context);
	        }
	      };

	      assertNotHasOwnProperty(name, 'module');
	      if (requires && modules.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
	        modules[name] = null;
	      }
	      return ensure(modules, name, function() {
	        if (!requires) {
	          throw $injectorMinErr('nomod', "Module '{0}' is not available! You either misspelled " +
	             "the module name or forgot to load it. If registering a module ensure that you " +
	             "specify the dependencies as the second argument.", name);
	        }

	        /** @type {!Array.<Array.<*>>} */
	        var invokeQueue = [];

	        /** @type {!Array.<Function>} */
	        var configBlocks = [];

	        /** @type {!Array.<Function>} */
	        var runBlocks = [];

	        var config = invokeLater('$injector', 'invoke', 'push', configBlocks);

	        /** @type {angular.Module} */
	        var moduleInstance = {
	          // Private state
	          _invokeQueue: invokeQueue,
	          _configBlocks: configBlocks,
	          _runBlocks: runBlocks,

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc property
	           * @name angular.Module#requires
	           * @module ng
	           *
	           * @description
	           * Holds the list of modules which the injector will load before the current module is
	           * loaded.
	           */
	          requires: requires,

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc property
	           * @name angular.Module#name
	           * @module ng
	           *
	           * @description
	           * Name of the module.
	           */
	          name: name,


	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#provider
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {string} name service name
	           * @param {Function} providerType Construction function for creating new instance of the
	           *                                service.
	           * @description
	           * See {@link auto.$provide#provider $provide.provider()}.
	           */
	          provider: invokeLater('$provide', 'provider'),

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#factory
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {string} name service name
	           * @param {Function} providerFunction Function for creating new instance of the service.
	           * @description
	           * See {@link auto.$provide#factory $provide.factory()}.
	           */
	          factory: invokeLater('$provide', 'factory'),

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#service
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {string} name service name
	           * @param {Function} constructor A constructor function that will be instantiated.
	           * @description
	           * See {@link auto.$provide#service $provide.service()}.
	           */
	          service: invokeLater('$provide', 'service'),

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#value
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {string} name service name
	           * @param {*} object Service instance object.
	           * @description
	           * See {@link auto.$provide#value $provide.value()}.
	           */
	          value: invokeLater('$provide', 'value'),

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#constant
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {string} name constant name
	           * @param {*} object Constant value.
	           * @description
	           * Because the constant are fixed, they get applied before other provide methods.
	           * See {@link auto.$provide#constant $provide.constant()}.
	           */
	          constant: invokeLater('$provide', 'constant', 'unshift'),

	           /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#decorator
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {string} The name of the service to decorate.
	           * @param {Function} This function will be invoked when the service needs to be
	           *                                    instantiated and should return the decorated service instance.
	           * @description
	           * See {@link auto.$provide#decorator $provide.decorator()}.
	           */
	          decorator: invokeLater('$provide', 'decorator'),

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#animation
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {string} name animation name
	           * @param {Function} animationFactory Factory function for creating new instance of an
	           *                                    animation.
	           * @description
	           *
	           * **NOTE**: animations take effect only if the **ngAnimate** module is loaded.
	           *
	           *
	           * Defines an animation hook that can be later used with
	           * {@link $animate $animate} service and directives that use this service.
	           *
	           * ```js
	           * module.animation('.animation-name', function($inject1, $inject2) {
	           *   return {
	           *     eventName : function(element, done) {
	           *       //code to run the animation
	           *       //once complete, then run done()
	           *       return function cancellationFunction(element) {
	           *         //code to cancel the animation
	           *       }
	           *     }
	           *   }
	           * })
	           * ```
	           *
	           * See {@link ng.$animateProvider#register $animateProvider.register()} and
	           * {@link ngAnimate ngAnimate module} for more information.
	           */
	          animation: invokeLater('$animateProvider', 'register'),

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#filter
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {string} name Filter name - this must be a valid angular expression identifier
	           * @param {Function} filterFactory Factory function for creating new instance of filter.
	           * @description
	           * See {@link ng.$filterProvider#register $filterProvider.register()}.
	           *
	           * <div class="alert alert-warning">
	           * **Note:** Filter names must be valid angular {@link expression} identifiers, such as `uppercase` or `orderBy`.
	           * Names with special characters, such as hyphens and dots, are not allowed. If you wish to namespace
	           * your filters, then you can use capitalization (`myappSubsectionFilterx`) or underscores
	           * (`myapp_subsection_filterx`).
	           * </div>
	           */
	          filter: invokeLater('$filterProvider', 'register'),

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#controller
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {string|Object} name Controller name, or an object map of controllers where the
	           *    keys are the names and the values are the constructors.
	           * @param {Function} constructor Controller constructor function.
	           * @description
	           * See {@link ng.$controllerProvider#register $controllerProvider.register()}.
	           */
	          controller: invokeLater('$controllerProvider', 'register'),

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#directive
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {string|Object} name Directive name, or an object map of directives where the
	           *    keys are the names and the values are the factories.
	           * @param {Function} directiveFactory Factory function for creating new instance of
	           * directives.
	           * @description
	           * See {@link ng.$compileProvider#directive $compileProvider.directive()}.
	           */
	          directive: invokeLater('$compileProvider', 'directive'),

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#config
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {Function} configFn Execute this function on module load. Useful for service
	           *    configuration.
	           * @description
	           * Use this method to register work which needs to be performed on module loading.
	           * For more about how to configure services, see
	           * {@link providers#provider-recipe Provider Recipe}.
	           */
	          config: config,

	          /**
	           * @ngdoc method
	           * @name angular.Module#run
	           * @module ng
	           * @param {Function} initializationFn Execute this function after injector creation.
	           *    Useful for application initialization.
	           * @description
	           * Use this method to register work which should be performed when the injector is done
	           * loading all modules.
	           */
	          run: function(block) {
	            runBlocks.push(block);
	            return this;
	          }
	        };

	        if (configFn) {
	          config(configFn);
	        }

	        return moduleInstance;

	        /**
	         * @param {string} provider
	         * @param {string} method
	         * @param {String=} insertMethod
	         * @returns {angular.Module}
	         */
	        function invokeLater(provider, method, insertMethod, queue) {
	          if (!queue) queue = invokeQueue;
	          return function() {
	            queue[insertMethod || 'push']([provider, method, arguments]);
	            return moduleInstance;
	          };
	        }
	      });
	    };
	  });

	}

	/* global: toDebugString: true */

	function serializeObject(obj) {
	  var seen = [];

	  return JSON.stringify(obj, function(key, val) {
	    val = toJsonReplacer(key, val);
	    if (isObject(val)) {

	      if (seen.indexOf(val) >= 0) return '<<already seen>>';

	      seen.push(val);
	    }
	    return val;
	  });
	}

	function toDebugString(obj) {
	  if (typeof obj === 'function') {
	    return obj.toString().replace(/ \{[\s\S]*$/, '');
	  } else if (typeof obj === 'undefined') {
	    return 'undefined';
	  } else if (typeof obj !== 'string') {
	    return serializeObject(obj);
	  }
	  return obj;
	}

	/* global angularModule: true,
	  version: true,

	  $LocaleProvider,
	  $CompileProvider,

	  htmlAnchorDirective,
	  inputDirective,
	  inputDirective,
	  formDirective,
	  scriptDirective,
	  selectDirective,
	  styleDirective,
	  optionDirective,
	  ngBindDirective,
	  ngBindHtmlDirective,
	  ngBindTemplateDirective,
	  ngClassDirective,
	  ngClassEvenDirective,
	  ngClassOddDirective,
	  ngCspDirective,
	  ngCloakDirective,
	  ngControllerDirective,
	  ngFormDirective,
	  ngHideDirective,
	  ngIfDirective,
	  ngIncludeDirective,
	  ngIncludeFillContentDirective,
	  ngInitDirective,
	  ngNonBindableDirective,
	  ngPluralizeDirective,
	  ngRepeatDirective,
	  ngShowDirective,
	  ngStyleDirective,
	  ngSwitchDirective,
	  ngSwitchWhenDirective,
	  ngSwitchDefaultDirective,
	  ngOptionsDirective,
	  ngTranscludeDirective,
	  ngModelDirective,
	  ngListDirective,
	  ngChangeDirective,
	  patternDirective,
	  patternDirective,
	  requiredDirective,
	  requiredDirective,
	  minlengthDirective,
	  minlengthDirective,
	  maxlengthDirective,
	  maxlengthDirective,
	  ngValueDirective,
	  ngModelOptionsDirective,
	  ngAttributeAliasDirectives,
	  ngEventDirectives,

	  $AnchorScrollProvider,
	  $AnimateProvider,
	  $$CoreAnimateQueueProvider,
	  $$CoreAnimateRunnerProvider,
	  $BrowserProvider,
	  $CacheFactoryProvider,
	  $ControllerProvider,
	  $DocumentProvider,
	  $ExceptionHandlerProvider,
	  $FilterProvider,
	  $InterpolateProvider,
	  $IntervalProvider,
	  $$HashMapProvider,
	  $HttpProvider,
	  $HttpParamSerializerProvider,
	  $HttpParamSerializerJQLikeProvider,
	  $HttpBackendProvider,
	  $LocationProvider,
	  $LogProvider,
	  $ParseProvider,
	  $RootScopeProvider,
	  $QProvider,
	  $$QProvider,
	  $$SanitizeUriProvider,
	  $SceProvider,
	  $SceDelegateProvider,
	  $SnifferProvider,
	  $TemplateCacheProvider,
	  $TemplateRequestProvider,
	  $$TestabilityProvider,
	  $TimeoutProvider,
	  $$RAFProvider,
	  $$AsyncCallbackProvider,
	  $WindowProvider,
	  $$jqLiteProvider,
	  $$CookieReaderProvider
	*/


	/**
	 * @ngdoc object
	 * @name angular.version
	 * @module ng
	 * @description
	 * An object that contains information about the current AngularJS version. This object has the
	 * following properties:
	 *
	 * - `full` – `{string}` – Full version string, such as "0.9.18".
	 * - `major` – `{number}` – Major version number, such as "0".
	 * - `minor` – `{number}` – Minor version number, such as "9".
	 * - `dot` – `{number}` – Dot version number, such as "18".
	 * - `codeName` – `{string}` – Code name of the release, such as "jiggling-armfat".
	 */
	var version = {
	  full: '1.4.0-rc.1',    // all of these placeholder strings will be replaced by grunt's
	  major: 1,    // package task
	  minor: 4,
	  dot: 0,
	  codeName: 'sartorial-chronography'
	};


	function publishExternalAPI(angular) {
	  extend(angular, {
	    'bootstrap': bootstrap,
	    'copy': copy,
	    'extend': extend,
	    'merge': merge,
	    'equals': equals,
	    'element': jqLite,
	    'forEach': forEach,
	    'injector': createInjector,
	    'noop': noop,
	    'bind': bind,
	    'toJson': toJson,
	    'fromJson': fromJson,
	    'identity': identity,
	    'isUndefined': isUndefined,
	    'isDefined': isDefined,
	    'isString': isString,
	    'isFunction': isFunction,
	    'isObject': isObject,
	    'isNumber': isNumber,
	    'isElement': isElement,
	    'isArray': isArray,
	    'version': version,
	    'isDate': isDate,
	    'lowercase': lowercase,
	    'uppercase': uppercase,
	    'callbacks': {counter: 0},
	    'getTestability': getTestability,
	    '$$minErr': minErr,
	    '$$csp': csp,
	    'reloadWithDebugInfo': reloadWithDebugInfo
	  });

	  angularModule = setupModuleLoader(window);
	  try {
	    angularModule('ngLocale');
	  } catch (e) {
	    angularModule('ngLocale', []).provider('$locale', $LocaleProvider);
	  }

	  angularModule('ng', ['ngLocale'], ['$provide',
	    function ngModule($provide) {
	      // $$sanitizeUriProvider needs to be before $compileProvider as it is used by it.
	      $provide.provider({
	        $$sanitizeUri: $$SanitizeUriProvider
	      });
	      $provide.provider('$compile', $CompileProvider).
	        directive({
	            a: htmlAnchorDirective,
	            input: inputDirective,
	            textarea: inputDirective,
	            form: formDirective,
	            script: scriptDirective,
	            select: selectDirective,
	            style: styleDirective,
	            option: optionDirective,
	            ngBind: ngBindDirective,
	            ngBindHtml: ngBindHtmlDirective,
	            ngBindTemplate: ngBindTemplateDirective,
	            ngClass: ngClassDirective,
	            ngClassEven: ngClassEvenDirective,
	            ngClassOdd: ngClassOddDirective,
	            ngCloak: ngCloakDirective,
	            ngController: ngControllerDirective,
	            ngForm: ngFormDirective,
	            ngHide: ngHideDirective,
	            ngIf: ngIfDirective,
	            ngInclude: ngIncludeDirective,
	            ngInit: ngInitDirective,
	            ngNonBindable: ngNonBindableDirective,
	            ngPluralize: ngPluralizeDirective,
	            ngRepeat: ngRepeatDirective,
	            ngShow: ngShowDirective,
	            ngStyle: ngStyleDirective,
	            ngSwitch: ngSwitchDirective,
	            ngSwitchWhen: ngSwitchWhenDirective,
	            ngSwitchDefault: ngSwitchDefaultDirective,
	            ngOptions: ngOptionsDirective,
	            ngTransclude: ngTranscludeDirective,
	            ngModel: ngModelDirective,
	            ngList: ngListDirective,
	            ngChange: ngChangeDirective,
	            pattern: patternDirective,
	            ngPattern: patternDirective,
	            required: requiredDirective,
	            ngRequired: requiredDirective,
	            minlength: minlengthDirective,
	            ngMinlength: minlengthDirective,
	            maxlength: maxlengthDirective,
	            ngMaxlength: maxlengthDirective,
	            ngValue: ngValueDirective,
	            ngModelOptions: ngModelOptionsDirective
	        }).
	        directive({
	          ngInclude: ngIncludeFillContentDirective
	        }).
	        directive(ngAttributeAliasDirectives).
	        directive(ngEventDirectives);
	      $provide.provider({
	        $anchorScroll: $AnchorScrollProvider,
	        $animate: $AnimateProvider,
	        $$animateQueue: $$CoreAnimateQueueProvider,
	        $$AnimateRunner: $$CoreAnimateRunnerProvider,
	        $browser: $BrowserProvider,
	        $cacheFactory: $CacheFactoryProvider,
	        $controller: $ControllerProvider,
	        $document: $DocumentProvider,
	        $exceptionHandler: $ExceptionHandlerProvider,
	        $filter: $FilterProvider,
	        $interpolate: $InterpolateProvider,
	        $interval: $IntervalProvider,
	        $http: $HttpProvider,
	        $httpParamSerializer: $HttpParamSerializerProvider,
	        $httpParamSerializerJQLike: $HttpParamSerializerJQLikeProvider,
	        $httpBackend: $HttpBackendProvider,
	        $location: $LocationProvider,
	        $log: $LogProvider,
	        $parse: $ParseProvider,
	        $rootScope: $RootScopeProvider,
	        $q: $QProvider,
	        $$q: $$QProvider,
	        $sce: $SceProvider,
	        $sceDelegate: $SceDelegateProvider,
	        $sniffer: $SnifferProvider,
	        $templateCache: $TemplateCacheProvider,
	        $templateRequest: $TemplateRequestProvider,
	        $$testability: $$TestabilityProvider,
	        $timeout: $TimeoutProvider,
	        $window: $WindowProvider,
	        $$rAF: $$RAFProvider,
	        $$asyncCallback: $$AsyncCallbackProvider,
	        $$jqLite: $$jqLiteProvider,
	        $$HashMap: $$HashMapProvider,
	        $$cookieReader: $$CookieReaderProvider
	      });
	    }
	  ]);
	}

	/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
	 *     Any commits to this file should be reviewed with security in mind.  *
	 *   Changes to this file can potentially create security vulnerabilities. *
	 *          An approval from 2 Core members with history of modifying      *
	 *                         this file is required.                          *
	 *                                                                         *
	 *  Does the change somehow allow for arbitrary javascript to be executed? *
	 *    Or allows for someone to change the prototype of built-in objects?   *
	 *     Or gives undesired access to variables likes document or window?    *
	 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */

	/* global JQLitePrototype: true,
	  addEventListenerFn: true,
	  removeEventListenerFn: true,
	  BOOLEAN_ATTR: true,
	  ALIASED_ATTR: true,
	*/

	//////////////////////////////////
	//JQLite
	//////////////////////////////////

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @name angular.element
	 * @module ng
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Wraps a raw DOM element or HTML string as a [jQuery](http://jquery.com) element.
	 *
	 * If jQuery is available, `angular.element` is an alias for the
	 * [jQuery](http://api.jquery.com/jQuery/) function. If jQuery is not available, `angular.element`
	 * delegates to Angular's built-in subset of jQuery, called "jQuery lite" or "jqLite."
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-success">jqLite is a tiny, API-compatible subset of jQuery that allows
	 * Angular to manipulate the DOM in a cross-browser compatible way. **jqLite** implements only the most
	 * commonly needed functionality with the goal of having a very small footprint.</div>
	 *
	 * To use jQuery, simply load it before `DOMContentLoaded` event fired.
	 *
	 * <div class="alert">**Note:** all element references in Angular are always wrapped with jQuery or
	 * jqLite; they are never raw DOM references.</div>
	 *
	 * ## Angular's jqLite
	 * jqLite provides only the following jQuery methods:
	 *
	 * - [`addClass()`](http://api.jquery.com/addClass/)
	 * - [`after()`](http://api.jquery.com/after/)
	 * - [`append()`](http://api.jquery.com/append/)
	 * - [`attr()`](http://api.jquery.com/attr/) - Does not support functions as parameters
	 * - [`bind()`](http://api.jquery.com/bind/) - Does not support namespaces, selectors or eventData
	 * - [`children()`](http://api.jquery.com/children/) - Does not support selectors
	 * - [`clone()`](http://api.jquery.com/clone/)
	 * - [`contents()`](http://api.jquery.com/contents/)
	 * - [`css()`](http://api.jquery.com/css/) - Only retrieves inline-styles, does not call `getComputedStyle()`
	 * - [`data()`](http://api.jquery.com/data/)
	 * - [`detach()`](http://api.jquery.com/detach/)
	 * - [`empty()`](http://api.jquery.com/empty/)
	 * - [`eq()`](http://api.jquery.com/eq/)
	 * - [`find()`](http://api.jquery.com/find/) - Limited to lookups by tag name
	 * - [`hasClass()`](http://api.jquery.com/hasClass/)
	 * - [`html()`](http://api.jquery.com/html/)
	 * - [`next()`](http://api.jquery.com/next/) - Does not support selectors
	 * - [`on()`](http://api.jquery.com/on/) - Does not support namespaces, selectors or eventData
	 * - [`off()`](http://api.jquery.com/off/) - Does not support namespaces or selectors
	 * - [`one()`](http://api.jquery.com/one/) - Does not support namespaces or selectors
	 * - [`parent()`](http://api.jquery.com/parent/) - Does not support selectors
	 * - [`prepend()`](http://api.jquery.com/prepend/)
	 * - [`prop()`](http://api.jquery.com/prop/)
	 * - [`ready()`](http://api.jquery.com/ready/)
	 * - [`remove()`](http://api.jquery.com/remove/)
	 * - [`removeAttr()`](http://api.jquery.com/removeAttr/)
	 * - [`removeClass()`](http://api.jquery.com/removeClass/)
	 * - [`removeData()`](http://api.jquery.com/removeData/)
	 * - [`replaceWith()`](http://api.jquery.com/replaceWith/)
	 * - [`text()`](http://api.jquery.com/text/)
	 * - [`toggleClass()`](http://api.jquery.com/toggleClass/)
	 * - [`triggerHandler()`](http://api.jquery.com/triggerHandler/) - Passes a dummy event object to handlers.
	 * - [`unbind()`](http://api.jquery.com/unbind/) - Does not support namespaces
	 * - [`val()`](http://api.jquery.com/val/)
	 * - [`wrap()`](http://api.jquery.com/wrap/)
	 *
	 * ## jQuery/jqLite Extras
	 * Angular also provides the following additional methods and events to both jQuery and jqLite:
	 *
	 * ### Events
	 * - `$destroy` - AngularJS intercepts all jqLite/jQuery's DOM destruction apis and fires this event
	 *    on all DOM nodes being removed.  This can be used to clean up any 3rd party bindings to the DOM
	 *    element before it is removed.
	 *
	 * ### Methods
	 * - `controller(name)` - retrieves the controller of the current element or its parent. By default
	 *   retrieves controller associated with the `ngController` directive. If `name` is provided as
	 *   camelCase directive name, then the controller for this directive will be retrieved (e.g.
	 *   `'ngModel'`).
	 * - `injector()` - retrieves the injector of the current element or its parent.
	 * - `scope()` - retrieves the {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope scope} of the current
	 *   element or its parent. Requires {@link guide/production#disabling-debug-data Debug Data} to
	 *   be enabled.
	 * - `isolateScope()` - retrieves an isolate {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope scope} if one is attached directly to the
	 *   current element. This getter should be used only on elements that contain a directive which starts a new isolate
	 *   scope. Calling `scope()` on this element always returns the original non-isolate scope.
	 *   Requires {@link guide/production#disabling-debug-data Debug Data} to be enabled.
	 * - `inheritedData()` - same as `data()`, but walks up the DOM until a value is found or the top
	 *   parent element is reached.
	 *
	 * @param {string|DOMElement} element HTML string or DOMElement to be wrapped into jQuery.
	 * @returns {Object} jQuery object.
	 */

	JQLite.expando = 'ng339';

	var jqCache = JQLite.cache = {},
	    jqId = 1,
	    addEventListenerFn = function(element, type, fn) {
	      element.addEventListener(type, fn, false);
	    },
	    removeEventListenerFn = function(element, type, fn) {
	      element.removeEventListener(type, fn, false);
	    };

	/*
	 * !!! This is an undocumented "private" function !!!
	 */
	JQLite._data = function(node) {
	  //jQuery always returns an object on cache miss
	  return this.cache[node[this.expando]] || {};
	};

	function jqNextId() { return ++jqId; }


	var SPECIAL_CHARS_REGEXP = /([\:\-\_]+(.))/g;
	var MOZ_HACK_REGEXP = /^moz([A-Z])/;
	var MOUSE_EVENT_MAP= { mouseleave: "mouseout", mouseenter: "mouseover"};
	var jqLiteMinErr = minErr('jqLite');

	/**
	 * Converts snake_case to camelCase.
	 * Also there is special case for Moz prefix starting with upper case letter.
	 * @param name Name to normalize
	 */
	function camelCase(name) {
	  return name.
	    replace(SPECIAL_CHARS_REGEXP, function(_, separator, letter, offset) {
	      return offset ? letter.toUpperCase() : letter;
	    }).
	    replace(MOZ_HACK_REGEXP, 'Moz$1');
	}

	var SINGLE_TAG_REGEXP = /^<(\w+)\s*\/?>(?:<\/\1>|)$/;
	var HTML_REGEXP = /<|&#?\w+;/;
	var TAG_NAME_REGEXP = /<([\w:]+)/;
	var XHTML_TAG_REGEXP = /<(?!area|br|col|embed|hr|img|input|link|meta|param)(([\w:]+)[^>]*)\/>/gi;

	var wrapMap = {
	  'option': [1, '<select multiple="multiple">', '</select>'],

	  'thead': [1, '<table>', '</table>'],
	  'col': [2, '<table><colgroup>', '</colgroup></table>'],
	  'tr': [2, '<table><tbody>', '</tbody></table>'],
	  'td': [3, '<table><tbody><tr>', '</tr></tbody></table>'],
	  '_default': [0, "", ""]
	};

	wrapMap.optgroup = wrapMap.option;
	wrapMap.tbody = wrapMap.tfoot = wrapMap.colgroup = wrapMap.caption = wrapMap.thead;
	wrapMap.th = wrapMap.td;


	function jqLiteIsTextNode(html) {
	  return !HTML_REGEXP.test(html);
	}

	function jqLiteAcceptsData(node) {
	  // The window object can accept data but has no nodeType
	  // Otherwise we are only interested in elements (1) and documents (9)
	  var nodeType = node.nodeType;
	  return nodeType === NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT || !nodeType || nodeType === NODE_TYPE_DOCUMENT;
	}

	function jqLiteBuildFragment(html, context) {
	  var tmp, tag, wrap,
	      fragment = context.createDocumentFragment(),
	      nodes = [], i;

	  if (jqLiteIsTextNode(html)) {
	    // Convert non-html into a text node
	    nodes.push(context.createTextNode(html));
	  } else {
	    // Convert html into DOM nodes
	    tmp = tmp || fragment.appendChild(context.createElement("div"));
	    tag = (TAG_NAME_REGEXP.exec(html) || ["", ""])[1].toLowerCase();
	    wrap = wrapMap[tag] || wrapMap._default;
	    tmp.innerHTML = wrap[1] + html.replace(XHTML_TAG_REGEXP, "<$1></$2>") + wrap[2];

	    // Descend through wrappers to the right content
	    i = wrap[0];
	    while (i--) {
	      tmp = tmp.lastChild;
	    }

	    nodes = concat(nodes, tmp.childNodes);

	    tmp = fragment.firstChild;
	    tmp.textContent = "";
	  }

	  // Remove wrapper from fragment
	  fragment.textContent = "";
	  fragment.innerHTML = ""; // Clear inner HTML
	  forEach(nodes, function(node) {
	    fragment.appendChild(node);
	  });

	  return fragment;
	}

	function jqLiteParseHTML(html, context) {
	  context = context || document;
	  var parsed;

	  if ((parsed = SINGLE_TAG_REGEXP.exec(html))) {
	    return [context.createElement(parsed[1])];
	  }

	  if ((parsed = jqLiteBuildFragment(html, context))) {
	    return parsed.childNodes;
	  }

	  return [];
	}

	/////////////////////////////////////////////
	function JQLite(element) {
	  if (element instanceof JQLite) {
	    return element;
	  }

	  var argIsString;

	  if (isString(element)) {
	    element = trim(element);
	    argIsString = true;
	  }
	  if (!(this instanceof JQLite)) {
	    if (argIsString && element.charAt(0) != '<') {
	      throw jqLiteMinErr('nosel', 'Looking up elements via selectors is not supported by jqLite! See: http://docs.angularjs.org/api/angular.element');
	    }
	    return new JQLite(element);
	  }

	  if (argIsString) {
	    jqLiteAddNodes(this, jqLiteParseHTML(element));
	  } else {
	    jqLiteAddNodes(this, element);
	  }
	}

	function jqLiteClone(element) {
	  return element.cloneNode(true);
	}

	function jqLiteDealoc(element, onlyDescendants) {
	  if (!onlyDescendants) jqLiteRemoveData(element);

	  if (element.querySelectorAll) {
	    var descendants = element.querySelectorAll('*');
	    for (var i = 0, l = descendants.length; i < l; i++) {
	      jqLiteRemoveData(descendants[i]);
	    }
	  }
	}

	function jqLiteOff(element, type, fn, unsupported) {
	  if (isDefined(unsupported)) throw jqLiteMinErr('offargs', 'jqLite#off() does not support the `selector` argument');

	  var expandoStore = jqLiteExpandoStore(element);
	  var events = expandoStore && expandoStore.events;
	  var handle = expandoStore && expandoStore.handle;

	  if (!handle) return; //no listeners registered

	  if (!type) {
	    for (type in events) {
	      if (type !== '$destroy') {
	        removeEventListenerFn(element, type, handle);
	      }
	      delete events[type];
	    }
	  } else {
	    forEach(type.split(' '), function(type) {
	      if (isDefined(fn)) {
	        var listenerFns = events[type];
	        arrayRemove(listenerFns || [], fn);
	        if (listenerFns && listenerFns.length > 0) {
	          return;
	        }
	      }

	      removeEventListenerFn(element, type, handle);
	      delete events[type];
	    });
	  }
	}

	function jqLiteRemoveData(element, name) {
	  var expandoId = element.ng339;
	  var expandoStore = expandoId && jqCache[expandoId];

	  if (expandoStore) {
	    if (name) {
	      delete expandoStore.data[name];
	      return;
	    }

	    if (expandoStore.handle) {
	      if (expandoStore.events.$destroy) {
	        expandoStore.handle({}, '$destroy');
	      }
	      jqLiteOff(element);
	    }
	    delete jqCache[expandoId];
	    element.ng339 = undefined; // don't delete DOM expandos. IE and Chrome don't like it
	  }
	}


	function jqLiteExpandoStore(element, createIfNecessary) {
	  var expandoId = element.ng339,
	      expandoStore = expandoId && jqCache[expandoId];

	  if (createIfNecessary && !expandoStore) {
	    element.ng339 = expandoId = jqNextId();
	    expandoStore = jqCache[expandoId] = {events: {}, data: {}, handle: undefined};
	  }

	  return expandoStore;
	}


	function jqLiteData(element, key, value) {
	  if (jqLiteAcceptsData(element)) {

	    var isSimpleSetter = isDefined(value);
	    var isSimpleGetter = !isSimpleSetter && key && !isObject(key);
	    var massGetter = !key;
	    var expandoStore = jqLiteExpandoStore(element, !isSimpleGetter);
	    var data = expandoStore && expandoStore.data;

	    if (isSimpleSetter) { // data('key', value)
	      data[key] = value;
	    } else {
	      if (massGetter) {  // data()
	        return data;
	      } else {
	        if (isSimpleGetter) { // data('key')
	          // don't force creation of expandoStore if it doesn't exist yet
	          return data && data[key];
	        } else { // mass-setter: data({key1: val1, key2: val2})
	          extend(data, key);
	        }
	      }
	    }
	  }
	}

	function jqLiteHasClass(element, selector) {
	  if (!element.getAttribute) return false;
	  return ((" " + (element.getAttribute('class') || '') + " ").replace(/[\n\t]/g, " ").
	      indexOf(" " + selector + " ") > -1);
	}

	function jqLiteRemoveClass(element, cssClasses) {
	  if (cssClasses && element.setAttribute) {
	    forEach(cssClasses.split(' '), function(cssClass) {
	      element.setAttribute('class', trim(
	          (" " + (element.getAttribute('class') || '') + " ")
	          .replace(/[\n\t]/g, " ")
	          .replace(" " + trim(cssClass) + " ", " "))
	      );
	    });
	  }
	}

	function jqLiteAddClass(element, cssClasses) {
	  if (cssClasses && element.setAttribute) {
	    var existingClasses = (' ' + (element.getAttribute('class') || '') + ' ')
	                            .replace(/[\n\t]/g, " ");

	    forEach(cssClasses.split(' '), function(cssClass) {
	      cssClass = trim(cssClass);
	      if (existingClasses.indexOf(' ' + cssClass + ' ') === -1) {
	        existingClasses += cssClass + ' ';
	      }
	    });

	    element.setAttribute('class', trim(existingClasses));
	  }
	}


	function jqLiteAddNodes(root, elements) {
	  // THIS CODE IS VERY HOT. Don't make changes without benchmarking.

	  if (elements) {

	    // if a Node (the most common case)
	    if (elements.nodeType) {
	      root[root.length++] = elements;
	    } else {
	      var length = elements.length;

	      // if an Array or NodeList and not a Window
	      if (typeof length === 'number' && elements.window !== elements) {
	        if (length) {
	          for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
	            root[root.length++] = elements[i];
	          }
	        }
	      } else {
	        root[root.length++] = elements;
	      }
	    }
	  }
	}


	function jqLiteController(element, name) {
	  return jqLiteInheritedData(element, '$' + (name || 'ngController') + 'Controller');
	}

	function jqLiteInheritedData(element, name, value) {
	  // if element is the document object work with the html element instead
	  // this makes $(document).scope() possible
	  if (element.nodeType == NODE_TYPE_DOCUMENT) {
	    element = element.documentElement;
	  }
	  var names = isArray(name) ? name : [name];

	  while (element) {
	    for (var i = 0, ii = names.length; i < ii; i++) {
	      if ((value = jqLite.data(element, names[i])) !== undefined) return value;
	    }

	    // If dealing with a document fragment node with a host element, and no parent, use the host
	    // element as the parent. This enables directives within a Shadow DOM or polyfilled Shadow DOM
	    // to lookup parent controllers.
	    element = element.parentNode || (element.nodeType === NODE_TYPE_DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT && element.host);
	  }
	}

	function jqLiteEmpty(element) {
	  jqLiteDealoc(element, true);
	  while (element.firstChild) {
	    element.removeChild(element.firstChild);
	  }
	}

	function jqLiteRemove(element, keepData) {
	  if (!keepData) jqLiteDealoc(element);
	  var parent = element.parentNode;
	  if (parent) parent.removeChild(element);
	}


	function jqLiteDocumentLoaded(action, win) {
	  win = win || window;
	  if (win.document.readyState === 'complete') {
	    // Force the action to be run async for consistent behaviour
	    // from the action's point of view
	    // i.e. it will definitely not be in a $apply
	    win.setTimeout(action);
	  } else {
	    // No need to unbind this handler as load is only ever called once
	    jqLite(win).on('load', action);
	  }
	}

	//////////////////////////////////////////
	// Functions which are declared directly.
	//////////////////////////////////////////
	var JQLitePrototype = JQLite.prototype = {
	  ready: function(fn) {
	    var fired = false;

	    function trigger() {
	      if (fired) return;
	      fired = true;
	      fn();
	    }

	    // check if document is already loaded
	    if (document.readyState === 'complete') {
	      setTimeout(trigger);
	    } else {
	      this.on('DOMContentLoaded', trigger); // works for modern browsers and IE9
	      // we can not use jqLite since we are not done loading and jQuery could be loaded later.
	      // jshint -W064
	      JQLite(window).on('load', trigger); // fallback to window.onload for others
	      // jshint +W064
	    }
	  },
	  toString: function() {
	    var value = [];
	    forEach(this, function(e) { value.push('' + e);});
	    return '[' + value.join(', ') + ']';
	  },

	  eq: function(index) {
	      return (index >= 0) ? jqLite(this[index]) : jqLite(this[this.length + index]);
	  },

	  length: 0,
	  push: push,
	  sort: [].sort,
	  splice: [].splice
	};

	//////////////////////////////////////////
	// Functions iterating getter/setters.
	// these functions return self on setter and
	// value on get.
	//////////////////////////////////////////
	var BOOLEAN_ATTR = {};
	forEach('multiple,selected,checked,disabled,readOnly,required,open'.split(','), function(value) {
	  BOOLEAN_ATTR[lowercase(value)] = value;
	});
	var BOOLEAN_ELEMENTS = {};
	forEach('input,select,option,textarea,button,form,details'.split(','), function(value) {
	  BOOLEAN_ELEMENTS[value] = true;
	});
	var ALIASED_ATTR = {
	  'ngMinlength': 'minlength',
	  'ngMaxlength': 'maxlength',
	  'ngMin': 'min',
	  'ngMax': 'max',
	  'ngPattern': 'pattern'
	};

	function getBooleanAttrName(element, name) {
	  // check dom last since we will most likely fail on name
	  var booleanAttr = BOOLEAN_ATTR[name.toLowerCase()];

	  // booleanAttr is here twice to minimize DOM access
	  return booleanAttr && BOOLEAN_ELEMENTS[nodeName_(element)] && booleanAttr;
	}

	function getAliasedAttrName(element, name) {
	  var nodeName = element.nodeName;
	  return (nodeName === 'INPUT' || nodeName === 'TEXTAREA') && ALIASED_ATTR[name];
	}

	forEach({
	  data: jqLiteData,
	  removeData: jqLiteRemoveData
	}, function(fn, name) {
	  JQLite[name] = fn;
	});

	forEach({
	  data: jqLiteData,
	  inheritedData: jqLiteInheritedData,

	  scope: function(element) {
	    // Can't use jqLiteData here directly so we stay compatible with jQuery!
	    return jqLite.data(element, '$scope') || jqLiteInheritedData(element.parentNode || element, ['$isolateScope', '$scope']);
	  },

	  isolateScope: function(element) {
	    // Can't use jqLiteData here directly so we stay compatible with jQuery!
	    return jqLite.data(element, '$isolateScope') || jqLite.data(element, '$isolateScopeNoTemplate');
	  },

	  controller: jqLiteController,

	  injector: function(element) {
	    return jqLiteInheritedData(element, '$injector');
	  },

	  removeAttr: function(element, name) {
	    element.removeAttribute(name);
	  },

	  hasClass: jqLiteHasClass,

	  css: function(element, name, value) {
	    name = camelCase(name);

	    if (isDefined(value)) {
	      element.style[name] = value;
	    } else {
	      return element.style[name];
	    }
	  },

	  attr: function(element, name, value) {
	    var nodeType = element.nodeType;
	    if (nodeType === NODE_TYPE_TEXT || nodeType === NODE_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE || nodeType === NODE_TYPE_COMMENT) {
	      return;
	    }
	    var lowercasedName = lowercase(name);
	    if (BOOLEAN_ATTR[lowercasedName]) {
	      if (isDefined(value)) {
	        if (!!value) {
	          element[name] = true;
	          element.setAttribute(name, lowercasedName);
	        } else {
	          element[name] = false;
	          element.removeAttribute(lowercasedName);
	        }
	      } else {
	        return (element[name] ||
	                 (element.attributes.getNamedItem(name) || noop).specified)
	               ? lowercasedName
	               : undefined;
	      }
	    } else if (isDefined(value)) {
	      element.setAttribute(name, value);
	    } else if (element.getAttribute) {
	      // the extra argument "2" is to get the right thing for a.href in IE, see jQuery code
	      // some elements (e.g. Document) don't have get attribute, so return undefined
	      var ret = element.getAttribute(name, 2);
	      // normalize non-existing attributes to undefined (as jQuery)
	      return ret === null ? undefined : ret;
	    }
	  },

	  prop: function(element, name, value) {
	    if (isDefined(value)) {
	      element[name] = value;
	    } else {
	      return element[name];
	    }
	  },

	  text: (function() {
	    getText.$dv = '';
	    return getText;

	    function getText(element, value) {
	      if (isUndefined(value)) {
	        var nodeType = element.nodeType;
	        return (nodeType === NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT || nodeType === NODE_TYPE_TEXT) ? element.textContent : '';
	      }
	      element.textContent = value;
	    }
	  })(),

	  val: function(element, value) {
	    if (isUndefined(value)) {
	      if (element.multiple && nodeName_(element) === 'select') {
	        var result = [];
	        forEach(element.options, function(option) {
	          if (option.selected) {
	            result.push(option.value || option.text);
	          }
	        });
	        return result.length === 0 ? null : result;
	      }
	      return element.value;
	    }
	    element.value = value;
	  },

	  html: function(element, value) {
	    if (isUndefined(value)) {
	      return element.innerHTML;
	    }
	    jqLiteDealoc(element, true);
	    element.innerHTML = value;
	  },

	  empty: jqLiteEmpty
	}, function(fn, name) {
	  /**
	   * Properties: writes return selection, reads return first value
	   */
	  JQLite.prototype[name] = function(arg1, arg2) {
	    var i, key;
	    var nodeCount = this.length;

	    // jqLiteHasClass has only two arguments, but is a getter-only fn, so we need to special-case it
	    // in a way that survives minification.
	    // jqLiteEmpty takes no arguments but is a setter.
	    if (fn !== jqLiteEmpty &&
	        (((fn.length == 2 && (fn !== jqLiteHasClass && fn !== jqLiteController)) ? arg1 : arg2) === undefined)) {
	      if (isObject(arg1)) {

	        // we are a write, but the object properties are the key/values
	        for (i = 0; i < nodeCount; i++) {
	          if (fn === jqLiteData) {
	            // data() takes the whole object in jQuery
	            fn(this[i], arg1);
	          } else {
	            for (key in arg1) {
	              fn(this[i], key, arg1[key]);
	            }
	          }
	        }
	        // return self for chaining
	        return this;
	      } else {
	        // we are a read, so read the first child.
	        // TODO: do we still need this?
	        var value = fn.$dv;
	        // Only if we have $dv do we iterate over all, otherwise it is just the first element.
	        var jj = (value === undefined) ? Math.min(nodeCount, 1) : nodeCount;
	        for (var j = 0; j < jj; j++) {
	          var nodeValue = fn(this[j], arg1, arg2);
	          value = value ? value + nodeValue : nodeValue;
	        }
	        return value;
	      }
	    } else {
	      // we are a write, so apply to all children
	      for (i = 0; i < nodeCount; i++) {
	        fn(this[i], arg1, arg2);
	      }
	      // return self for chaining
	      return this;
	    }
	  };
	});

	function createEventHandler(element, events) {
	  var eventHandler = function(event, type) {
	    // jQuery specific api
	    event.isDefaultPrevented = function() {
	      return event.defaultPrevented;
	    };

	    var eventFns = events[type || event.type];
	    var eventFnsLength = eventFns ? eventFns.length : 0;

	    if (!eventFnsLength) return;

	    if (isUndefined(event.immediatePropagationStopped)) {
	      var originalStopImmediatePropagation = event.stopImmediatePropagation;
	      event.stopImmediatePropagation = function() {
	        event.immediatePropagationStopped = true;

	        if (event.stopPropagation) {
	          event.stopPropagation();
	        }

	        if (originalStopImmediatePropagation) {
	          originalStopImmediatePropagation.call(event);
	        }
	      };
	    }

	    event.isImmediatePropagationStopped = function() {
	      return event.immediatePropagationStopped === true;
	    };

	    // Copy event handlers in case event handlers array is modified during execution.
	    if ((eventFnsLength > 1)) {
	      eventFns = shallowCopy(eventFns);
	    }

	    for (var i = 0; i < eventFnsLength; i++) {
	      if (!event.isImmediatePropagationStopped()) {
	        eventFns[i].call(element, event);
	      }
	    }
	  };

	  // TODO: this is a hack for angularMocks/clearDataCache that makes it possible to deregister all
	  //       events on `element`
	  eventHandler.elem = element;
	  return eventHandler;
	}

	//////////////////////////////////////////
	// Functions iterating traversal.
	// These functions chain results into a single
	// selector.
	//////////////////////////////////////////
	forEach({
	  removeData: jqLiteRemoveData,

	  on: function jqLiteOn(element, type, fn, unsupported) {
	    if (isDefined(unsupported)) throw jqLiteMinErr('onargs', 'jqLite#on() does not support the `selector` or `eventData` parameters');

	    // Do not add event handlers to non-elements because they will not be cleaned up.
	    if (!jqLiteAcceptsData(element)) {
	      return;
	    }

	    var expandoStore = jqLiteExpandoStore(element, true);
	    var events = expandoStore.events;
	    var handle = expandoStore.handle;

	    if (!handle) {
	      handle = expandoStore.handle = createEventHandler(element, events);
	    }

	    // http://jsperf.com/string-indexof-vs-split
	    var types = type.indexOf(' ') >= 0 ? type.split(' ') : [type];
	    var i = types.length;

	    while (i--) {
	      type = types[i];
	      var eventFns = events[type];

	      if (!eventFns) {
	        events[type] = [];

	        if (type === 'mouseenter' || type === 'mouseleave') {
	          // Refer to jQuery's implementation of mouseenter & mouseleave
	          // Read about mouseenter and mouseleave:
	          // http://www.quirksmode.org/js/events_mouse.html#link8

	          jqLiteOn(element, MOUSE_EVENT_MAP[type], function(event) {
	            var target = this, related = event.relatedTarget;
	            // For mousenter/leave call the handler if related is outside the target.
	            // NB: No relatedTarget if the mouse left/entered the browser window
	            if (!related || (related !== target && !target.contains(related))) {
	              handle(event, type);
	            }
	          });

	        } else {
	          if (type !== '$destroy') {
	            addEventListenerFn(element, type, handle);
	          }
	        }
	        eventFns = events[type];
	      }
	      eventFns.push(fn);
	    }
	  },

	  off: jqLiteOff,

	  one: function(element, type, fn) {
	    element = jqLite(element);

	    //add the listener twice so that when it is called
	    //you can remove the original function and still be
	    //able to call element.off(ev, fn) normally
	    element.on(type, function onFn() {
	      element.off(type, fn);
	      element.off(type, onFn);
	    });
	    element.on(type, fn);
	  },

	  replaceWith: function(element, replaceNode) {
	    var index, parent = element.parentNode;
	    jqLiteDealoc(element);
	    forEach(new JQLite(replaceNode), function(node) {
	      if (index) {
	        parent.insertBefore(node, index.nextSibling);
	      } else {
	        parent.replaceChild(node, element);
	      }
	      index = node;
	    });
	  },

	  children: function(element) {
	    var children = [];
	    forEach(element.childNodes, function(element) {
	      if (element.nodeType === NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT) {
	        children.push(element);
	      }
	    });
	    return children;
	  },

	  contents: function(element) {
	    return element.contentDocument || element.childNodes || [];
	  },

	  append: function(element, node) {
	    var nodeType = element.nodeType;
	    if (nodeType !== NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT && nodeType !== NODE_TYPE_DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT) return;

	    node = new JQLite(node);

	    for (var i = 0, ii = node.length; i < ii; i++) {
	      var child = node[i];
	      element.appendChild(child);
	    }
	  },

	  prepend: function(element, node) {
	    if (element.nodeType === NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT) {
	      var index = element.firstChild;
	      forEach(new JQLite(node), function(child) {
	        element.insertBefore(child, index);
	      });
	    }
	  },

	  wrap: function(element, wrapNode) {
	    wrapNode = jqLite(wrapNode).eq(0).clone()[0];
	    var parent = element.parentNode;
	    if (parent) {
	      parent.replaceChild(wrapNode, element);
	    }
	    wrapNode.appendChild(element);
	  },

	  remove: jqLiteRemove,

	  detach: function(element) {
	    jqLiteRemove(element, true);
	  },

	  after: function(element, newElement) {
	    var index = element, parent = element.parentNode;
	    newElement = new JQLite(newElement);

	    for (var i = 0, ii = newElement.length; i < ii; i++) {
	      var node = newElement[i];
	      parent.insertBefore(node, index.nextSibling);
	      index = node;
	    }
	  },

	  addClass: jqLiteAddClass,
	  removeClass: jqLiteRemoveClass,

	  toggleClass: function(element, selector, condition) {
	    if (selector) {
	      forEach(selector.split(' '), function(className) {
	        var classCondition = condition;
	        if (isUndefined(classCondition)) {
	          classCondition = !jqLiteHasClass(element, className);
	        }
	        (classCondition ? jqLiteAddClass : jqLiteRemoveClass)(element, className);
	      });
	    }
	  },

	  parent: function(element) {
	    var parent = element.parentNode;
	    return parent && parent.nodeType !== NODE_TYPE_DOCUMENT_FRAGMENT ? parent : null;
	  },

	  next: function(element) {
	    return element.nextElementSibling;
	  },

	  find: function(element, selector) {
	    if (element.getElementsByTagName) {
	      return element.getElementsByTagName(selector);
	    } else {
	      return [];
	    }
	  },

	  clone: jqLiteClone,

	  triggerHandler: function(element, event, extraParameters) {

	    var dummyEvent, eventFnsCopy, handlerArgs;
	    var eventName = event.type || event;
	    var expandoStore = jqLiteExpandoStore(element);
	    var events = expandoStore && expandoStore.events;
	    var eventFns = events && events[eventName];

	    if (eventFns) {
	      // Create a dummy event to pass to the handlers
	      dummyEvent = {
	        preventDefault: function() { this.defaultPrevented = true; },
	        isDefaultPrevented: function() { return this.defaultPrevented === true; },
	        stopImmediatePropagation: function() { this.immediatePropagationStopped = true; },
	        isImmediatePropagationStopped: function() { return this.immediatePropagationStopped === true; },
	        stopPropagation: noop,
	        type: eventName,
	        target: element
	      };

	      // If a custom event was provided then extend our dummy event with it
	      if (event.type) {
	        dummyEvent = extend(dummyEvent, event);
	      }

	      // Copy event handlers in case event handlers array is modified during execution.
	      eventFnsCopy = shallowCopy(eventFns);
	      handlerArgs = extraParameters ? [dummyEvent].concat(extraParameters) : [dummyEvent];

	      forEach(eventFnsCopy, function(fn) {
	        if (!dummyEvent.isImmediatePropagationStopped()) {
	          fn.apply(element, handlerArgs);
	        }
	      });
	    }
	  }
	}, function(fn, name) {
	  /**
	   * chaining functions
	   */
	  JQLite.prototype[name] = function(arg1, arg2, arg3) {
	    var value;

	    for (var i = 0, ii = this.length; i < ii; i++) {
	      if (isUndefined(value)) {
	        value = fn(this[i], arg1, arg2, arg3);
	        if (isDefined(value)) {
	          // any function which returns a value needs to be wrapped
	          value = jqLite(value);
	        }
	      } else {
	        jqLiteAddNodes(value, fn(this[i], arg1, arg2, arg3));
	      }
	    }
	    return isDefined(value) ? value : this;
	  };

	  // bind legacy bind/unbind to on/off
	  JQLite.prototype.bind = JQLite.prototype.on;
	  JQLite.prototype.unbind = JQLite.prototype.off;
	});


	// Provider for private $$jqLite service
	function $$jqLiteProvider() {
	  this.$get = function $$jqLite() {
	    return extend(JQLite, {
	      hasClass: function(node, classes) {
	        if (node.attr) node = node[0];
	        return jqLiteHasClass(node, classes);
	      },
	      addClass: function(node, classes) {
	        if (node.attr) node = node[0];
	        return jqLiteAddClass(node, classes);
	      },
	      removeClass: function(node, classes) {
	        if (node.attr) node = node[0];
	        return jqLiteRemoveClass(node, classes);
	      }
	    });
	  };
	}

	/**
	 * Computes a hash of an 'obj'.
	 * Hash of a:
	 *  string is string
	 *  number is number as string
	 *  object is either result of calling $$hashKey function on the object or uniquely generated id,
	 *         that is also assigned to the $$hashKey property of the object.
	 *
	 * @param obj
	 * @returns {string} hash string such that the same input will have the same hash string.
	 *         The resulting string key is in 'type:hashKey' format.
	 */
	function hashKey(obj, nextUidFn) {
	  var key = obj && obj.$$hashKey;

	  if (key) {
	    if (typeof key === 'function') {
	      key = obj.$$hashKey();
	    }
	    return key;
	  }

	  var objType = typeof obj;
	  if (objType == 'function' || (objType == 'object' && obj !== null)) {
	    key = obj.$$hashKey = objType + ':' + (nextUidFn || nextUid)();
	  } else {
	    key = objType + ':' + obj;
	  }

	  return key;
	}

	/**
	 * HashMap which can use objects as keys
	 */
	function HashMap(array, isolatedUid) {
	  if (isolatedUid) {
	    var uid = 0;
	    this.nextUid = function() {
	      return ++uid;
	    };
	  }
	  forEach(array, this.put, this);
	}
	HashMap.prototype = {
	  /**
	   * Store key value pair
	   * @param key key to store can be any type
	   * @param value value to store can be any type
	   */
	  put: function(key, value) {
	    this[hashKey(key, this.nextUid)] = value;
	  },

	  /**
	   * @param key
	   * @returns {Object} the value for the key
	   */
	  get: function(key) {
	    return this[hashKey(key, this.nextUid)];
	  },

	  /**
	   * Remove the key/value pair
	   * @param key
	   */
	  remove: function(key) {
	    var value = this[key = hashKey(key, this.nextUid)];
	    delete this[key];
	    return value;
	  }
	};

	var $$HashMapProvider = [function() {
	  this.$get = [function() {
	    return HashMap;
	  }];
	}];

	/**
	 * @ngdoc function
	 * @module ng
	 * @name angular.injector
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Creates an injector object that can be used for retrieving services as well as for
	 * dependency injection (see {@link guide/di dependency injection}).
	 *
	 * @param {Array.<string|Function>} modules A list of module functions or their aliases. See
	 *     {@link angular.module}. The `ng` module must be explicitly added.
	 * @param {boolean=} [strictDi=false] Whether the injector should be in strict mode, which
	 *     disallows argument name annotation inference.
	 * @returns {injector} Injector object. See {@link auto.$injector $injector}.
	 *
	 * @example
	 * Typical usage
	 * ```js
	 *   // create an injector
	 *   var $injector = angular.injector(['ng']);
	 *
	 *   // use the injector to kick off your application
	 *   // use the type inference to auto inject arguments, or use implicit injection
	 *   $injector.invoke(function($rootScope, $compile, $document) {
	 *     $compile($document)($rootScope);
	 *     $rootScope.$digest();
	 *   });
	 * ```
	 *
	 * Sometimes you want to get access to the injector of a currently running Angular app
	 * from outside Angular. Perhaps, you want to inject and compile some markup after the
	 * application has been bootstrapped. You can do this using the extra `injector()` added
	 * to JQuery/jqLite elements. See {@link angular.element}.
	 *
	 * *This is fairly rare but could be the case if a third party library is injecting the
	 * markup.*
	 *
	 * In the following example a new block of HTML containing a `ng-controller`
	 * directive is added to the end of the document body by JQuery. We then compile and link
	 * it into the current AngularJS scope.
	 *
	 * ```js
	 * var $div = $('<div ng-controller="MyCtrl">{{content.label}}</div>');
	 * $(document.body).append($div);
	 *
	 * angular.element(document).injector().invoke(function($compile) {
	 *   var scope = angular.element($div).scope();
	 *   $compile($div)(scope);
	 * });
	 * ```
	 */


	/**
	 * @ngdoc module
	 * @name auto
	 * @description
	 *
	 * Implicit module which gets automatically added to each {@link auto.$injector $injector}.
	 */

	var FN_ARGS = /^function\s*[^\(]*\(\s*([^\)]*)\)/m;
	var FN_ARG_SPLIT = /,/;
	var FN_ARG = /^\s*(_?)(\S+?)\1\s*$/;
	var STRIP_COMMENTS = /((\/\/.*$)|(\/\*[\s\S]*?\*\/))/mg;
	var $injectorMinErr = minErr('$injector');

	function anonFn(fn) {
	  // For anonymous functions, showing at the very least the function signature can help in
	  // debugging.
	  var fnText = fn.toString().replace(STRIP_COMMENTS, ''),
	      args = fnText.match(FN_ARGS);
	  if (args) {
	    return 'function(' + (args[1] || '').replace(/[\s\r\n]+/, ' ') + ')';
	  }
	  return 'fn';
	}

	function annotate(fn, strictDi, name) {
	  var $inject,
	      fnText,
	      argDecl,
	      last;

	  if (typeof fn === 'function') {
	    if (!($inject = fn.$inject)) {
	      $inject = [];
	      if (fn.length) {
	        if (strictDi) {
	          if (!isString(name) || !name) {
	            name = fn.name || anonFn(fn);
	          }
	          throw $injectorMinErr('strictdi',
	            '{0} is not using explicit annotation and cannot be invoked in strict mode', name);
	        }
	        fnText = fn.toString().replace(STRIP_COMMENTS, '');
	        argDecl = fnText.match(FN_ARGS);
	        forEach(argDecl[1].split(FN_ARG_SPLIT), function(arg) {
	          arg.replace(FN_ARG, function(all, underscore, name) {
	            $inject.push(name);
	          });
	        });
	      }
	      fn.$inject = $inject;
	    }
	  } else if (isArray(fn)) {
	    last = fn.length - 1;
	    assertArgFn(fn[last], 'fn');
	    $inject = fn.slice(0, last);
	  } else {
	    assertArgFn(fn, 'fn', true);
	  }
	  return $inject;
	}

	///////////////////////////////////////

	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $injector
	 *
	 * @description
	 *
	 * `$injector` is used to retrieve object instances as defined by
	 * {@link auto.$provide provider}, instantiate types, invoke methods,
	 * and load modules.
	 *
	 * The following always holds true:
	 *
	 * ```js
	 *   var $injector = angular.injector();
	 *   expect($injector.get('$injector')).toBe($injector);
	 *   expect($injector.invoke(function($injector) {
	 *     return $injector;
	 *   })).toBe($injector);
	 * ```
	 *
	 * # Injection Function Annotation
	 *
	 * JavaScript does not have annotations, and annotations are needed for dependency injection. The
	 * following are all valid ways of annotating function with injection arguments and are equivalent.
	 *
	 * ```js
	 *   // inferred (only works if code not minified/obfuscated)
	 *   $injector.invoke(function(serviceA){});
	 *
	 *   // annotated
	 *   function explicit(serviceA) {};
	 *   explicit.$inject = ['serviceA'];
	 *   $injector.invoke(explicit);
	 *
	 *   // inline
	 *   $injector.invoke(['serviceA', function(serviceA){}]);
	 * ```
	 *
	 * ## Inference
	 *
	 * In JavaScript calling `toString()` on a function returns the function definition. The definition
	 * can then be parsed and the function arguments can be extracted. This method of discovering
	 * annotations is disallowed when the injector is in strict mode.
	 * *NOTE:* This does not work with minification, and obfuscation tools since these tools change the
	 * argument names.
	 *
	 * ## `$inject` Annotation
	 * By adding an `$inject` property onto a function the injection parameters can be specified.
	 *
	 * ## Inline
	 * As an array of injection names, where the last item in the array is the function to call.
	 */

	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $injector#get
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Return an instance of the service.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name The name of the instance to retrieve.
	 * @param {string} caller An optional string to provide the origin of the function call for error messages.
	 * @return {*} The instance.
	 */

	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $injector#invoke
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Invoke the method and supply the method arguments from the `$injector`.
	 *
	 * @param {!Function} fn The function to invoke. Function parameters are injected according to the
	 *   {@link guide/di $inject Annotation} rules.
	 * @param {Object=} self The `this` for the invoked method.
	 * @param {Object=} locals Optional object. If preset then any argument names are read from this
	 *                         object first, before the `$injector` is consulted.
	 * @returns {*} the value returned by the invoked `fn` function.
	 */

	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $injector#has
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Allows the user to query if the particular service exists.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name Name of the service to query.
	 * @returns {boolean} `true` if injector has given service.
	 */

	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $injector#instantiate
	 * @description
	 * Create a new instance of JS type. The method takes a constructor function, invokes the new
	 * operator, and supplies all of the arguments to the constructor function as specified by the
	 * constructor annotation.
	 *
	 * @param {Function} Type Annotated constructor function.
	 * @param {Object=} locals Optional object. If preset then any argument names are read from this
	 * object first, before the `$injector` is consulted.
	 * @returns {Object} new instance of `Type`.
	 */

	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $injector#annotate
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Returns an array of service names which the function is requesting for injection. This API is
	 * used by the injector to determine which services need to be injected into the function when the
	 * function is invoked. There are three ways in which the function can be annotated with the needed
	 * dependencies.
	 *
	 * # Argument names
	 *
	 * The simplest form is to extract the dependencies from the arguments of the function. This is done
	 * by converting the function into a string using `toString()` method and extracting the argument
	 * names.
	 * ```js
	 *   // Given
	 *   function MyController($scope, $route) {
	 *     // ...
	 *   }
	 *
	 *   // Then
	 *   expect(injector.annotate(MyController)).toEqual(['$scope', '$route']);
	 * ```
	 *
	 * You can disallow this method by using strict injection mode.
	 *
	 * This method does not work with code minification / obfuscation. For this reason the following
	 * annotation strategies are supported.
	 *
	 * # The `$inject` property
	 *
	 * If a function has an `$inject` property and its value is an array of strings, then the strings
	 * represent names of services to be injected into the function.
	 * ```js
	 *   // Given
	 *   var MyController = function(obfuscatedScope, obfuscatedRoute) {
	 *     // ...
	 *   }
	 *   // Define function dependencies
	 *   MyController['$inject'] = ['$scope', '$route'];
	 *
	 *   // Then
	 *   expect(injector.annotate(MyController)).toEqual(['$scope', '$route']);
	 * ```
	 *
	 * # The array notation
	 *
	 * It is often desirable to inline Injected functions and that's when setting the `$inject` property
	 * is very inconvenient. In these situations using the array notation to specify the dependencies in
	 * a way that survives minification is a better choice:
	 *
	 * ```js
	 *   // We wish to write this (not minification / obfuscation safe)
	 *   injector.invoke(function($compile, $rootScope) {
	 *     // ...
	 *   });
	 *
	 *   // We are forced to write break inlining
	 *   var tmpFn = function(obfuscatedCompile, obfuscatedRootScope) {
	 *     // ...
	 *   };
	 *   tmpFn.$inject = ['$compile', '$rootScope'];
	 *   injector.invoke(tmpFn);
	 *
	 *   // To better support inline function the inline annotation is supported
	 *   injector.invoke(['$compile', '$rootScope', function(obfCompile, obfRootScope) {
	 *     // ...
	 *   }]);
	 *
	 *   // Therefore
	 *   expect(injector.annotate(
	 *      ['$compile', '$rootScope', function(obfus_$compile, obfus_$rootScope) {}])
	 *    ).toEqual(['$compile', '$rootScope']);
	 * ```
	 *
	 * @param {Function|Array.<string|Function>} fn Function for which dependent service names need to
	 * be retrieved as described above.
	 *
	 * @param {boolean=} [strictDi=false] Disallow argument name annotation inference.
	 *
	 * @returns {Array.<string>} The names of the services which the function requires.
	 */




	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $provide
	 *
	 * @description
	 *
	 * The {@link auto.$provide $provide} service has a number of methods for registering components
	 * with the {@link auto.$injector $injector}. Many of these functions are also exposed on
	 * {@link angular.Module}.
	 *
	 * An Angular **service** is a singleton object created by a **service factory**.  These **service
	 * factories** are functions which, in turn, are created by a **service provider**.
	 * The **service providers** are constructor functions. When instantiated they must contain a
	 * property called `$get`, which holds the **service factory** function.
	 *
	 * When you request a service, the {@link auto.$injector $injector} is responsible for finding the
	 * correct **service provider**, instantiating it and then calling its `$get` **service factory**
	 * function to get the instance of the **service**.
	 *
	 * Often services have no configuration options and there is no need to add methods to the service
	 * provider.  The provider will be no more than a constructor function with a `$get` property. For
	 * these cases the {@link auto.$provide $provide} service has additional helper methods to register
	 * services without specifying a provider.
	 *
	 * * {@link auto.$provide#provider provider(provider)} - registers a **service provider** with the
	 *     {@link auto.$injector $injector}
	 * * {@link auto.$provide#constant constant(obj)} - registers a value/object that can be accessed by
	 *     providers and services.
	 * * {@link auto.$provide#value value(obj)} - registers a value/object that can only be accessed by
	 *     services, not providers.
	 * * {@link auto.$provide#factory factory(fn)} - registers a service **factory function**, `fn`,
	 *     that will be wrapped in a **service provider** object, whose `$get` property will contain the
	 *     given factory function.
	 * * {@link auto.$provide#service service(class)} - registers a **constructor function**, `class`
	 *     that will be wrapped in a **service provider** object, whose `$get` property will instantiate
	 *      a new object using the given constructor function.
	 *
	 * See the individual methods for more information and examples.
	 */

	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $provide#provider
	 * @description
	 *
	 * Register a **provider function** with the {@link auto.$injector $injector}. Provider functions
	 * are constructor functions, whose instances are responsible for "providing" a factory for a
	 * service.
	 *
	 * Service provider names start with the name of the service they provide followed by `Provider`.
	 * For example, the {@link ng.$log $log} service has a provider called
	 * {@link ng.$logProvider $logProvider}.
	 *
	 * Service provider objects can have additional methods which allow configuration of the provider
	 * and its service. Importantly, you can configure what kind of service is created by the `$get`
	 * method, or how that service will act. For example, the {@link ng.$logProvider $logProvider} has a
	 * method {@link ng.$logProvider#debugEnabled debugEnabled}
	 * which lets you specify whether the {@link ng.$log $log} service will log debug messages to the
	 * console or not.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name The name of the instance. NOTE: the provider will be available under `name +
	                        'Provider'` key.
	 * @param {(Object|function())} provider If the provider is:
	 *
	 *   - `Object`: then it should have a `$get` method. The `$get` method will be invoked using
	 *     {@link auto.$injector#invoke $injector.invoke()} when an instance needs to be created.
	 *   - `Constructor`: a new instance of the provider will be created using
	 *     {@link auto.$injector#instantiate $injector.instantiate()}, then treated as `object`.
	 *
	 * @returns {Object} registered provider instance

	 * @example
	 *
	 * The following example shows how to create a simple event tracking service and register it using
	 * {@link auto.$provide#provider $provide.provider()}.
	 *
	 * ```js
	 *  // Define the eventTracker provider
	 *  function EventTrackerProvider() {
	 *    var trackingUrl = '/track';
	 *
	 *    // A provider method for configuring where the tracked events should been saved
	 *    this.setTrackingUrl = function(url) {
	 *      trackingUrl = url;
	 *    };
	 *
	 *    // The service factory function
	 *    this.$get = ['$http', function($http) {
	 *      var trackedEvents = {};
	 *      return {
	 *        // Call this to track an event
	 *        event: function(event) {
	 *          var count = trackedEvents[event] || 0;
	 *          count += 1;
	 *          trackedEvents[event] = count;
	 *          return count;
	 *        },
	 *        // Call this to save the tracked events to the trackingUrl
	 *        save: function() {
	 *          $http.post(trackingUrl, trackedEvents);
	 *        }
	 *      };
	 *    }];
	 *  }
	 *
	 *  describe('eventTracker', function() {
	 *    var postSpy;
	 *
	 *    beforeEach(module(function($provide) {
	 *      // Register the eventTracker provider
	 *      $provide.provider('eventTracker', EventTrackerProvider);
	 *    }));
	 *
	 *    beforeEach(module(function(eventTrackerProvider) {
	 *      // Configure eventTracker provider
	 *      eventTrackerProvider.setTrackingUrl('/custom-track');
	 *    }));
	 *
	 *    it('tracks events', inject(function(eventTracker) {
	 *      expect(eventTracker.event('login')).toEqual(1);
	 *      expect(eventTracker.event('login')).toEqual(2);
	 *    }));
	 *
	 *    it('saves to the tracking url', inject(function(eventTracker, $http) {
	 *      postSpy = spyOn($http, 'post');
	 *      eventTracker.event('login');
	 *      eventTracker.save();
	 *      expect(postSpy).toHaveBeenCalled();
	 *      expect(postSpy.mostRecentCall.args[0]).not.toEqual('/track');
	 *      expect(postSpy.mostRecentCall.args[0]).toEqual('/custom-track');
	 *      expect(postSpy.mostRecentCall.args[1]).toEqual({ 'login': 1 });
	 *    }));
	 *  });
	 * ```
	 */

	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $provide#factory
	 * @description
	 *
	 * Register a **service factory**, which will be called to return the service instance.
	 * This is short for registering a service where its provider consists of only a `$get` property,
	 * which is the given service factory function.
	 * You should use {@link auto.$provide#factory $provide.factory(getFn)} if you do not need to
	 * configure your service in a provider.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name The name of the instance.
	 * @param {function()} $getFn The $getFn for the instance creation. Internally this is a short hand
	 *                            for `$provide.provider(name, {$get: $getFn})`.
	 * @returns {Object} registered provider instance
	 *
	 * @example
	 * Here is an example of registering a service
	 * ```js
	 *   $provide.factory('ping', ['$http', function($http) {
	 *     return function ping() {
	 *       return $http.send('/ping');
	 *     };
	 *   }]);
	 * ```
	 * You would then inject and use this service like this:
	 * ```js
	 *   someModule.controller('Ctrl', ['ping', function(ping) {
	 *     ping();
	 *   }]);
	 * ```
	 */


	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $provide#service
	 * @description
	 *
	 * Register a **service constructor**, which will be invoked with `new` to create the service
	 * instance.
	 * This is short for registering a service where its provider's `$get` property is the service
	 * constructor function that will be used to instantiate the service instance.
	 *
	 * You should use {@link auto.$provide#service $provide.service(class)} if you define your service
	 * as a type/class.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name The name of the instance.
	 * @param {Function} constructor A class (constructor function) that will be instantiated.
	 * @returns {Object} registered provider instance
	 *
	 * @example
	 * Here is an example of registering a service using
	 * {@link auto.$provide#service $provide.service(class)}.
	 * ```js
	 *   var Ping = function($http) {
	 *     this.$http = $http;
	 *   };
	 *
	 *   Ping.$inject = ['$http'];
	 *
	 *   Ping.prototype.send = function() {
	 *     return this.$http.get('/ping');
	 *   };
	 *   $provide.service('ping', Ping);
	 * ```
	 * You would then inject and use this service like this:
	 * ```js
	 *   someModule.controller('Ctrl', ['ping', function(ping) {
	 *     ping.send();
	 *   }]);
	 * ```
	 */


	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $provide#value
	 * @description
	 *
	 * Register a **value service** with the {@link auto.$injector $injector}, such as a string, a
	 * number, an array, an object or a function.  This is short for registering a service where its
	 * provider's `$get` property is a factory function that takes no arguments and returns the **value
	 * service**.
	 *
	 * Value services are similar to constant services, except that they cannot be injected into a
	 * module configuration function (see {@link angular.Module#config}) but they can be overridden by
	 * an Angular
	 * {@link auto.$provide#decorator decorator}.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name The name of the instance.
	 * @param {*} value The value.
	 * @returns {Object} registered provider instance
	 *
	 * @example
	 * Here are some examples of creating value services.
	 * ```js
	 *   $provide.value('ADMIN_USER', 'admin');
	 *
	 *   $provide.value('RoleLookup', { admin: 0, writer: 1, reader: 2 });
	 *
	 *   $provide.value('halfOf', function(value) {
	 *     return value / 2;
	 *   });
	 * ```
	 */


	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $provide#constant
	 * @description
	 *
	 * Register a **constant service**, such as a string, a number, an array, an object or a function,
	 * with the {@link auto.$injector $injector}. Unlike {@link auto.$provide#value value} it can be
	 * injected into a module configuration function (see {@link angular.Module#config}) and it cannot
	 * be overridden by an Angular {@link auto.$provide#decorator decorator}.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name The name of the constant.
	 * @param {*} value The constant value.
	 * @returns {Object} registered instance
	 *
	 * @example
	 * Here a some examples of creating constants:
	 * ```js
	 *   $provide.constant('SHARD_HEIGHT', 306);
	 *
	 *   $provide.constant('MY_COLOURS', ['red', 'blue', 'grey']);
	 *
	 *   $provide.constant('double', function(value) {
	 *     return value * 2;
	 *   });
	 * ```
	 */


	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $provide#decorator
	 * @description
	 *
	 * Register a **service decorator** with the {@link auto.$injector $injector}. A service decorator
	 * intercepts the creation of a service, allowing it to override or modify the behaviour of the
	 * service. The object returned by the decorator may be the original service, or a new service
	 * object which replaces or wraps and delegates to the original service.
	 *
	 * @param {string} name The name of the service to decorate.
	 * @param {function()} decorator This function will be invoked when the service needs to be
	 *    instantiated and should return the decorated service instance. The function is called using
	 *    the {@link auto.$injector#invoke injector.invoke} method and is therefore fully injectable.
	 *    Local injection arguments:
	 *
	 *    * `$delegate` - The original service instance, which can be monkey patched, configured,
	 *      decorated or delegated to.
	 *
	 * @example
	 * Here we decorate the {@link ng.$log $log} service to convert warnings to errors by intercepting
	 * calls to {@link ng.$log#error $log.warn()}.
	 * ```js
	 *   $provide.decorator('$log', ['$delegate', function($delegate) {
	 *     $delegate.warn = $delegate.error;
	 *     return $delegate;
	 *   }]);
	 * ```
	 */


	function createInjector(modulesToLoad, strictDi) {
	  strictDi = (strictDi === true);
	  var INSTANTIATING = {},
	      providerSuffix = 'Provider',
	      path = [],
	      loadedModules = new HashMap([], true),
	      providerCache = {
	        $provide: {
	            provider: supportObject(provider),
	            factory: supportObject(factory),
	            service: supportObject(service),
	            value: supportObject(value),
	            constant: supportObject(constant),
	            decorator: decorator
	          }
	      },
	      providerInjector = (providerCache.$injector =
	          createInternalInjector(providerCache, function(serviceName, caller) {
	            if (angular.isString(caller)) {
	              path.push(caller);
	            }
	            throw $injectorMinErr('unpr', "Unknown provider: {0}", path.join(' <- '));
	          })),
	      instanceCache = {},
	      instanceInjector = (instanceCache.$injector =
	          createInternalInjector(instanceCache, function(serviceName, caller) {
	            var provider = providerInjector.get(serviceName + providerSuffix, caller);
	            return instanceInjector.invoke(provider.$get, provider, undefined, serviceName);
	          }));


	  forEach(loadModules(modulesToLoad), function(fn) { instanceInjector.invoke(fn || noop); });

	  return instanceInjector;

	  ////////////////////////////////////
	  // $provider
	  ////////////////////////////////////

	  function supportObject(delegate) {
	    return function(key, value) {
	      if (isObject(key)) {
	        forEach(key, reverseParams(delegate));
	      } else {
	        return delegate(key, value);
	      }
	    };
	  }

	  function provider(name, provider_) {
	    assertNotHasOwnProperty(name, 'service');
	    if (isFunction(provider_) || isArray(provider_)) {
	      provider_ = providerInjector.instantiate(provider_);
	    }
	    if (!provider_.$get) {
	      throw $injectorMinErr('pget', "Provider '{0}' must define $get factory method.", name);
	    }
	    return providerCache[name + providerSuffix] = provider_;
	  }

	  function enforceReturnValue(name, factory) {
	    return function enforcedReturnValue() {
	      var result = instanceInjector.invoke(factory, this);
	      if (isUndefined(result)) {
	        throw $injectorMinErr('undef', "Provider '{0}' must return a value from $get factory method.", name);
	      }
	      return result;
	    };
	  }

	  function factory(name, factoryFn, enforce) {
	    return provider(name, {
	      $get: enforce !== false ? enforceReturnValue(name, factoryFn) : factoryFn
	    });
	  }

	  function service(name, constructor) {
	    return factory(name, ['$injector', function($injector) {
	      return $injector.instantiate(constructor);
	    }]);
	  }

	  function value(name, val) { return factory(name, valueFn(val), false); }

	  function constant(name, value) {
	    assertNotHasOwnProperty(name, 'constant');
	    providerCache[name] = value;
	    instanceCache[name] = value;
	  }

	  function decorator(serviceName, decorFn) {
	    var origProvider = providerInjector.get(serviceName + providerSuffix),
	        orig$get = origProvider.$get;

	    origProvider.$get = function() {
	      var origInstance = instanceInjector.invoke(orig$get, origProvider);
	      return instanceInjector.invoke(decorFn, null, {$delegate: origInstance});
	    };
	  }

	  ////////////////////////////////////
	  // Module Loading
	  ////////////////////////////////////
	  function loadModules(modulesToLoad) {
	    var runBlocks = [], moduleFn;
	    forEach(modulesToLoad, function(module) {
	      if (loadedModules.get(module)) return;
	      loadedModules.put(module, true);

	      function runInvokeQueue(queue) {
	        var i, ii;
	        for (i = 0, ii = queue.length; i < ii; i++) {
	          var invokeArgs = queue[i],
	              provider = providerInjector.get(invokeArgs[0]);

	          provider[invokeArgs[1]].apply(provider, invokeArgs[2]);
	        }
	      }

	      try {
	        if (isString(module)) {
	          moduleFn = angularModule(module);
	          runBlocks = runBlocks.concat(loadModules(moduleFn.requires)).concat(moduleFn._runBlocks);
	          runInvokeQueue(moduleFn._invokeQueue);
	          runInvokeQueue(moduleFn._configBlocks);
	        } else if (isFunction(module)) {
	            runBlocks.push(providerInjector.invoke(module));
	        } else if (isArray(module)) {
	            runBlocks.push(providerInjector.invoke(module));
	        } else {
	          assertArgFn(module, 'module');
	        }
	      } catch (e) {
	        if (isArray(module)) {
	          module = module[module.length - 1];
	        }
	        if (e.message && e.stack && e.stack.indexOf(e.message) == -1) {
	          // Safari & FF's stack traces don't contain error.message content
	          // unlike those of Chrome and IE
	          // So if stack doesn't contain message, we create a new string that contains both.
	          // Since error.stack is read-only in Safari, I'm overriding e and not e.stack here.
	          /* jshint -W022 */
	          e = e.message + '\n' + e.stack;
	        }
	        throw $injectorMinErr('modulerr', "Failed to instantiate module {0} due to:\n{1}",
	                  module, e.stack || e.message || e);
	      }
	    });
	    return runBlocks;
	  }

	  ////////////////////////////////////
	  // internal Injector
	  ////////////////////////////////////

	  function createInternalInjector(cache, factory) {

	    function getService(serviceName, caller) {
	      if (cache.hasOwnProperty(serviceName)) {
	        if (cache[serviceName] === INSTANTIATING) {
	          throw $injectorMinErr('cdep', 'Circular dependency found: {0}',
	                    serviceName + ' <- ' + path.join(' <- '));
	        }
	        return cache[serviceName];
	      } else {
	        try {
	          path.unshift(serviceName);
	          cache[serviceName] = INSTANTIATING;
	          return cache[serviceName] = factory(serviceName, caller);
	        } catch (err) {
	          if (cache[serviceName] === INSTANTIATING) {
	            delete cache[serviceName];
	          }
	          throw err;
	        } finally {
	          path.shift();
	        }
	      }
	    }

	    function invoke(fn, self, locals, serviceName) {
	      if (typeof locals === 'string') {
	        serviceName = locals;
	        locals = null;
	      }

	      var args = [],
	          $inject = createInjector.$$annotate(fn, strictDi, serviceName),
	          length, i,
	          key;

	      for (i = 0, length = $inject.length; i < length; i++) {
	        key = $inject[i];
	        if (typeof key !== 'string') {
	          throw $injectorMinErr('itkn',
	                  'Incorrect injection token! Expected service name as string, got {0}', key);
	        }
	        args.push(
	          locals && locals.hasOwnProperty(key)
	          ? locals[key]
	          : getService(key, serviceName)
	        );
	      }
	      if (isArray(fn)) {
	        fn = fn[length];
	      }

	      // http://jsperf.com/angularjs-invoke-apply-vs-switch
	      // #5388
	      return fn.apply(self, args);
	    }

	    function instantiate(Type, locals, serviceName) {
	      // Check if Type is annotated and use just the given function at n-1 as parameter
	      // e.g. someModule.factory('greeter', ['$window', function(renamed$window) {}]);
	      // Object creation: http://jsperf.com/create-constructor/2
	      var instance = Object.create((isArray(Type) ? Type[Type.length - 1] : Type).prototype || null);
	      var returnedValue = invoke(Type, instance, locals, serviceName);

	      return isObject(returnedValue) || isFunction(returnedValue) ? returnedValue : instance;
	    }

	    return {
	      invoke: invoke,
	      instantiate: instantiate,
	      get: getService,
	      annotate: createInjector.$$annotate,
	      has: function(name) {
	        return providerCache.hasOwnProperty(name + providerSuffix) || cache.hasOwnProperty(name);
	      }
	    };
	  }
	}

	createInjector.$$annotate = annotate;

	/**
	 * @ngdoc provider
	 * @name $anchorScrollProvider
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Use `$anchorScrollProvider` to disable automatic scrolling whenever
	 * {@link ng.$location#hash $location.hash()} changes.
	 */
	function $AnchorScrollProvider() {

	  var autoScrollingEnabled = true;

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $anchorScrollProvider#disableAutoScrolling
	   *
	   * @description
	   * By default, {@link ng.$anchorScroll $anchorScroll()} will automatically detect changes to
	   * {@link ng.$location#hash $location.hash()} and scroll to the element matching the new hash.<br />
	   * Use this method to disable automatic scrolling.
	   *
	   * If automatic scrolling is disabled, one must explicitly call
	   * {@link ng.$anchorScroll $anchorScroll()} in order to scroll to the element related to the
	   * current hash.
	   */
	  this.disableAutoScrolling = function() {
	    autoScrollingEnabled = false;
	  };

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc service
	   * @name $anchorScroll
	   * @kind function
	   * @requires $window
	   * @requires $location
	   * @requires $rootScope
	   *
	   * @description
	   * When called, it scrolls to the element related to the specified `hash` or (if omitted) to the
	   * current value of {@link ng.$location#hash $location.hash()}, according to the rules specified
	   * in the
	   * [HTML5 spec](http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/Overview.html#the-indicated-part-of-the-document).
	   *
	   * It also watches the {@link ng.$location#hash $location.hash()} and automatically scrolls to
	   * match any anchor whenever it changes. This can be disabled by calling
	   * {@link ng.$anchorScrollProvider#disableAutoScrolling $anchorScrollProvider.disableAutoScrolling()}.
	   *
	   * Additionally, you can use its {@link ng.$anchorScroll#yOffset yOffset} property to specify a
	   * vertical scroll-offset (either fixed or dynamic).
	   *
	   * @param {string=} hash The hash specifying the element to scroll to. If omitted, the value of
	   *                       {@link ng.$location#hash $location.hash()} will be used.
	   *
	   * @property {(number|function|jqLite)} yOffset
	   * If set, specifies a vertical scroll-offset. This is often useful when there are fixed
	   * positioned elements at the top of the page, such as navbars, headers etc.
	   *
	   * `yOffset` can be specified in various ways:
	   * - **number**: A fixed number of pixels to be used as offset.<br /><br />
	   * - **function**: A getter function called everytime `$anchorScroll()` is executed. Must return
	   *   a number representing the offset (in pixels).<br /><br />
	   * - **jqLite**: A jqLite/jQuery element to be used for specifying the offset. The distance from
	   *   the top of the page to the element's bottom will be used as offset.<br />
	   *   **Note**: The element will be taken into account only as long as its `position` is set to
	   *   `fixed`. This option is useful, when dealing with responsive navbars/headers that adjust
	   *   their height and/or positioning according to the viewport's size.
	   *
	   * <br />
	   * <div class="alert alert-warning">
	   * In order for `yOffset` to work properly, scrolling should take place on the document's root and
	   * not some child element.
	   * </div>
	   *
	   * @example
	     <example module="anchorScrollExample">
	       <file name="index.html">
	         <div id="scrollArea" ng-controller="ScrollController">
	           <a ng-click="gotoBottom()">Go to bottom</a>
	           <a id="bottom"></a> You're at the bottom!
	         </div>
	       </file>
	       <file name="script.js">
	         angular.module('anchorScrollExample', [])
	           .controller('ScrollController', ['$scope', '$location', '$anchorScroll',
	             function ($scope, $location, $anchorScroll) {
	               $scope.gotoBottom = function() {
	                 // set the location.hash to the id of
	                 // the element you wish to scroll to.
	                 $location.hash('bottom');

	                 // call $anchorScroll()
	                 $anchorScroll();
	               };
	             }]);
	       </file>
	       <file name="style.css">
	         #scrollArea {
	           height: 280px;
	           overflow: auto;
	         }

	         #bottom {
	           display: block;
	           margin-top: 2000px;
	         }
	       </file>
	     </example>
	   *
	   * <hr />
	   * The example below illustrates the use of a vertical scroll-offset (specified as a fixed value).
	   * See {@link ng.$anchorScroll#yOffset $anchorScroll.yOffset} for more details.
	   *
	   * @example
	     <example module="anchorScrollOffsetExample">
	       <file name="index.html">
	         <div class="fixed-header" ng-controller="headerCtrl">
	           <a href="" ng-click="gotoAnchor(x)" ng-repeat="x in [1,2,3,4,5]">
	             Go to anchor {{x}}
	           </a>
	         </div>
	         <div id="anchor{{x}}" class="anchor" ng-repeat="x in [1,2,3,4,5]">
	           Anchor {{x}} of 5
	         </div>
	       </file>
	       <file name="script.js">
	         angular.module('anchorScrollOffsetExample', [])
	           .run(['$anchorScroll', function($anchorScroll) {
	             $anchorScroll.yOffset = 50;   // always scroll by 50 extra pixels
	           }])
	           .controller('headerCtrl', ['$anchorScroll', '$location', '$scope',
	             function ($anchorScroll, $location, $scope) {
	               $scope.gotoAnchor = function(x) {
	                 var newHash = 'anchor' + x;
	                 if ($location.hash() !== newHash) {
	                   // set the $location.hash to `newHash` and
	                   // $anchorScroll will automatically scroll to it
	                   $location.hash('anchor' + x);
	                 } else {
	                   // call $anchorScroll() explicitly,
	                   // since $location.hash hasn't changed
	                   $anchorScroll();
	                 }
	               };
	             }
	           ]);
	       </file>
	       <file name="style.css">
	         body {
	           padding-top: 50px;
	         }

	         .anchor {
	           border: 2px dashed DarkOrchid;
	           padding: 10px 10px 200px 10px;
	         }

	         .fixed-header {
	           background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
	           height: 50px;
	           position: fixed;
	           top: 0; left: 0; right: 0;
	         }

	         .fixed-header > a {
	           display: inline-block;
	           margin: 5px 15px;
	         }
	       </file>
	     </example>
	   */
	  this.$get = ['$window', '$location', '$rootScope', function($window, $location, $rootScope) {
	    var document = $window.document;

	    // Helper function to get first anchor from a NodeList
	    // (using `Array#some()` instead of `angular#forEach()` since it's more performant
	    //  and working in all supported browsers.)
	    function getFirstAnchor(list) {
	      var result = null;
	      Array.prototype.some.call(list, function(element) {
	        if (nodeName_(element) === 'a') {
	          result = element;
	          return true;
	        }
	      });
	      return result;
	    }

	    function getYOffset() {

	      var offset = scroll.yOffset;

	      if (isFunction(offset)) {
	        offset = offset();
	      } else if (isElement(offset)) {
	        var elem = offset[0];
	        var style = $window.getComputedStyle(elem);
	        if (style.position !== 'fixed') {
	          offset = 0;
	        } else {
	          offset = elem.getBoundingClientRect().bottom;
	        }
	      } else if (!isNumber(offset)) {
	        offset = 0;
	      }

	      return offset;
	    }

	    function scrollTo(elem) {
	      if (elem) {
	        elem.scrollIntoView();

	        var offset = getYOffset();

	        if (offset) {
	          // `offset` is the number of pixels we should scroll UP in order to align `elem` properly.
	          // This is true ONLY if the call to `elem.scrollIntoView()` initially aligns `elem` at the
	          // top of the viewport.
	          //
	          // IF the number of pixels from the top of `elem` to the end of the page's content is less
	          // than the height of the viewport, then `elem.scrollIntoView()` will align the `elem` some
	          // way down the page.
	          //
	          // This is often the case for elements near the bottom of the page.
	          //
	          // In such cases we do not need to scroll the whole `offset` up, just the difference between
	          // the top of the element and the offset, which is enough to align the top of `elem` at the
	          // desired position.
	          var elemTop = elem.getBoundingClientRect().top;
	          $window.scrollBy(0, elemTop - offset);
	        }
	      } else {
	        $window.scrollTo(0, 0);
	      }
	    }

	    function scroll(hash) {
	      hash = isString(hash) ? hash : $location.hash();
	      var elm;

	      // empty hash, scroll to the top of the page
	      if (!hash) scrollTo(null);

	      // element with given id
	      else if ((elm = document.getElementById(hash))) scrollTo(elm);

	      // first anchor with given name :-D
	      else if ((elm = getFirstAnchor(document.getElementsByName(hash)))) scrollTo(elm);

	      // no element and hash == 'top', scroll to the top of the page
	      else if (hash === 'top') scrollTo(null);
	    }

	    // does not scroll when user clicks on anchor link that is currently on
	    // (no url change, no $location.hash() change), browser native does scroll
	    if (autoScrollingEnabled) {
	      $rootScope.$watch(function autoScrollWatch() {return $location.hash();},
	        function autoScrollWatchAction(newVal, oldVal) {
	          // skip the initial scroll if $location.hash is empty
	          if (newVal === oldVal && newVal === '') return;

	          jqLiteDocumentLoaded(function() {
	            $rootScope.$evalAsync(scroll);
	          });
	        });
	    }

	    return scroll;
	  }];
	}

	var $animateMinErr = minErr('$animate');
	var ELEMENT_NODE = 1;

	function mergeClasses(a,b) {
	  if (!a && !b) return '';
	  if (!a) return b;
	  if (!b) return a;
	  if (isArray(a)) a = a.join(' ');
	  if (isArray(b)) b = b.join(' ');
	  return a + ' ' + b;
	}

	function extractElementNode(element) {
	  for (var i = 0; i < element.length; i++) {
	    var elm = element[i];
	    if (elm.nodeType === ELEMENT_NODE) {
	      return elm;
	    }
	  }
	}

	function splitClasses(classes) {
	  if (isString(classes)) {
	    classes = classes.split(' ');
	  }

	  var obj = {};
	  forEach(classes, function(klass) {
	    // sometimes the split leaves empty string values
	    // incase extra spaces were applied to the options
	    if (klass.length) {
	      obj[klass] = true;
	    }
	  });
	  return obj;
	}

	var $$CoreAnimateRunnerProvider = function() {
	  this.$get = ['$q', '$$rAF', function($q, $$rAF) {
	    function AnimateRunner() {}
	    AnimateRunner.all = noop;
	    AnimateRunner.chain = noop;
	    AnimateRunner.prototype = {
	      end: noop,
	      cancel: noop,
	      resume: noop,
	      pause: noop,
	      complete: noop,
	      then: function(pass, fail) {
	        return $q(function(resolve) {
	          $$rAF(function() {
	            resolve();
	          });
	        }).then(pass, fail);
	      }
	    };
	    return AnimateRunner;
	  }];
	};

	// this is prefixed with Core since it conflicts with
	// the animateQueueProvider defined in ngAnimate/animateQueue.js
	var $$CoreAnimateQueueProvider = function() {
	  var postDigestQueue = new HashMap();
	  var postDigestElements = [];

	  this.$get = ['$$AnimateRunner', '$rootScope',
	       function($$AnimateRunner,   $rootScope) {
	    return {
	      enabled: noop,
	      on: noop,
	      off: noop,
	      pin: noop,

	      push: function(element, event, options, domOperation) {
	        domOperation        && domOperation();

	        options = options || {};
	        options.from        && element.css(options.from);
	        options.to          && element.css(options.to);

	        if (options.addClass || options.removeClass) {
	          addRemoveClassesPostDigest(element, options.addClass, options.removeClass);
	        }

	        return new $$AnimateRunner(); // jshint ignore:line
	      }
	    };

	    function addRemoveClassesPostDigest(element, add, remove) {
	      var data = postDigestQueue.get(element);
	      var classVal;

	      if (!data) {
	        postDigestQueue.put(element, data = {});
	        postDigestElements.push(element);
	      }

	      if (add) {
	        forEach(add.split(' '), function(className) {
	          if (className) {
	            data[className] = true;
	          }
	        });
	      }

	      if (remove) {
	        forEach(remove.split(' '), function(className) {
	          if (className) {
	            data[className] = false;
	          }
	        });
	      }

	      if (postDigestElements.length > 1) return;

	      $rootScope.$$postDigest(function() {
	        forEach(postDigestElements, function(element) {
	          var data = postDigestQueue.get(element);
	          if (data) {
	            var existing = splitClasses(element.attr('class'));
	            var toAdd = '';
	            var toRemove = '';
	            forEach(data, function(status, className) {
	              var hasClass = !!existing[className];
	              if (status !== hasClass) {
	                if (status) {
	                  toAdd += (toAdd.length ? ' ' : '') + className;
	                } else {
	                  toRemove += (toRemove.length ? ' ' : '') + className;
	                }
	              }
	            });

	            forEach(element, function(elm) {
	              toAdd    && jqLiteAddClass(elm, toAdd);
	              toRemove && jqLiteRemoveClass(elm, toRemove);
	            });
	            postDigestQueue.remove(element);
	          }
	        });

	        postDigestElements.length = 0;
	      });
	    }
	  }];
	};

	/**
	 * @ngdoc provider
	 * @name $animateProvider
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Default implementation of $animate that doesn't perform any animations, instead just
	 * synchronously performs DOM updates and resolves the returned runner promise.
	 *
	 * In order to enable animations the `ngAnimate` module has to be loaded.
	 *
	 * To see the functional implementation check out `src/ngAnimate/animate.js`.
	 */
	var $AnimateProvider = ['$provide', function($provide) {
	  var provider = this;

	  this.$$registeredAnimations = Object.create(null);

	   /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $animateProvider#register
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Registers a new injectable animation factory function. The factory function produces the
	   * animation object which contains callback functions for each event that is expected to be
	   * animated.
	   *
	   *   * `eventFn`: `function(element, ... , doneFunction, options)`
	   *   The element to animate, the `doneFunction` and the options fed into the animation. Depending
	   *   on the type of animation additional arguments will be injected into the animation function. The
	   *   list below explains the function signatures for the different animation methods:
	   *
	   *   - setClass: function(element, addedClasses, removedClasses, doneFunction, options)
	   *   - addClass: function(element, addedClasses, doneFunction, options)
	   *   - removeClass: function(element, removedClasses, doneFunction, options)
	   *   - enter, leave, move: function(element, doneFunction, options)
	   *   - animate: function(element, fromStyles, toStyles, doneFunction, options)
	   *
	   *   Make sure to trigger the `doneFunction` once the animation is fully complete.
	   *
	   * ```js
	   *   return {
	   *     //enter, leave, move signature
	   *     eventFn : function(element, done, options) {
	   *       //code to run the animation
	   *       //once complete, then run done()
	   *       return function endFunction(wasCancelled) {
	   *         //code to cancel the animation
	   *       }
	   *     }
	   *   }
	   * ```
	   *
	   * @param {string} name The name of the animation (this is what the class-based CSS value will be compared to).
	   * @param {Function} factory The factory function that will be executed to return the animation
	   *                           object.
	   */
	  this.register = function(name, factory) {
	    if (name && name.charAt(0) !== '.') {
	      throw $animateMinErr('notcsel', "Expecting class selector starting with '.' got '{0}'.", name);
	    }

	    var key = name + '-animation';
	    provider.$$registeredAnimations[name.substr(1)] = key;
	    $provide.factory(key, factory);
	  };

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $animateProvider#classNameFilter
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Sets and/or returns the CSS class regular expression that is checked when performing
	   * an animation. Upon bootstrap the classNameFilter value is not set at all and will
	   * therefore enable $animate to attempt to perform an animation on any element that is triggered.
	   * When setting the `classNameFilter` value, animations will only be performed on elements
	   * that successfully match the filter expression. This in turn can boost performance
	   * for low-powered devices as well as applications containing a lot of structural operations.
	   * @param {RegExp=} expression The className expression which will be checked against all animations
	   * @return {RegExp} The current CSS className expression value. If null then there is no expression value
	   */
	  this.classNameFilter = function(expression) {
	    if (arguments.length === 1) {
	      this.$$classNameFilter = (expression instanceof RegExp) ? expression : null;
	    }
	    return this.$$classNameFilter;
	  };

	  this.$get = ['$$animateQueue', function($$animateQueue) {
	    function domInsert(element, parentElement, afterElement) {
	      // if for some reason the previous element was removed
	      // from the dom sometime before this code runs then let's
	      // just stick to using the parent element as the anchor
	      if (afterElement) {
	        var afterNode = extractElementNode(afterElement);
	        if (afterNode && !afterNode.parentNode && !afterNode.previousElementSibling) {
	          afterElement = null;
	        }
	      }
	      afterElement ? afterElement.after(element) : parentElement.prepend(element);
	    }

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc service
	     * @name $animate
	     * @description The $animate service exposes a series of DOM utility methods that provide support
	     * for animation hooks. The default behavior is the application of DOM operations, however,
	     * when an animation is detected (and animations are enabled), $animate will do the heavy lifting
	     * to ensure that animation runs with the triggered DOM operation.
	     *
	     * By default $animate doesn't trigger an animations. This is because the `ngAnimate` module isn't
	     * included and only when it is active then the animation hooks that `$animate` triggers will be
	     * functional. Once active then all structural `ng-` directives will trigger animations as they perform
	     * their DOM-related operations (enter, leave and move). Other directives such as `ngClass`,
	     * `ngShow`, `ngHide` and `ngMessages` also provide support for animations.
	     *
	     * It is recommended that the`$animate` service is always used when executing DOM-related procedures within directives.
	     *
	     * To learn more about enabling animation support, click here to visit the
	     * {@link ngAnimate ngAnimate module page}.
	     */
	    return {
	      // we don't call it directly since non-existant arguments may
	      // be interpreted as null within the sub enabled function

	      /**
	       *
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#on
	       * @kind function
	       * @description Sets up an event listener to fire whenever the animation event (enter, leave, move, etc...)
	       *    has fired on the given element or among any of its children. Once the listener is fired, the provided callback
	       *    is fired with the following params:
	       *
	       * ```js
	       * $animate.on('enter', container,
	       *    function callback(element, phase) {
	       *      // cool we detected an enter animation within the container
	       *    }
	       * );
	       * ```
	       *
	       * @param {string} event the animation event that will be captured (e.g. enter, leave, move, addClass, removeClass, etc...)
	       * @param {DOMElement} container the container element that will capture each of the animation events that are fired on itself
	       *     as well as among its children
	       * @param {Function} callback the callback function that will be fired when the listener is triggered
	       *
	       * The arguments present in the callback function are:
	       * * `element` - The captured DOM element that the animation was fired on.
	       * * `phase` - The phase of the animation. The two possible phases are **start** (when the animation starts) and **close** (when it ends).
	       */
	      on: $$animateQueue.on,

	      /**
	       *
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#off
	       * @kind function
	       * @description Deregisters an event listener based on the event which has been associated with the provided element. This method
	       * can be used in three different ways depending on the arguments:
	       *
	       * ```js
	       * // remove all the animation event listeners listening for `enter`
	       * $animate.off('enter');
	       *
	       * // remove all the animation event listeners listening for `enter` on the given element and its children
	       * $animate.off('enter', container);
	       *
	       * // remove the event listener function provided by `listenerFn` that is set
	       * // to listen for `enter` on the given `element` as well as its children
	       * $animate.off('enter', container, callback);
	       * ```
	       *
	       * @param {string} event the animation event (e.g. enter, leave, move, addClass, removeClass, etc...)
	       * @param {DOMElement=} container the container element the event listener was placed on
	       * @param {Function=} callback the callback function that was registered as the listener
	       */
	      off: $$animateQueue.off,

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#pin
	       * @kind function
	       * @description Associates the provided element with a host parent element to allow the element to be animated even if it exists
	       *    outside of the DOM structure of the Angular application. By doing so, any animation triggered via `$animate` can be issued on the
	       *    element despite being outside the realm of the application or within another application. Say for example if the application
	       *    was bootstrapped on an element that is somewhere inside of the `<body>` tag, but we wanted to allow for an element to be situated
	       *    as a direct child of `document.body`, then this can be achieved by pinning the element via `$animate.pin(element)`. Keep in mind
	       *    that calling `$animate.pin(element, parentElement)` will not actually insert into the DOM anywhere; it will just create the association.
	       *
	       *    Note that this feature is only active when the `ngAnimate` module is used.
	       *
	       * @param {DOMElement} element the external element that will be pinned
	       * @param {DOMElement} parentElement the host parent element that will be associated with the external element
	       */
	      pin: $$animateQueue.pin,

	      /**
	       *
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#enabled
	       * @kind function
	       * @description Used to get and set whether animations are enabled or not on the entire application or on an element and its children. This
	       * function can be called in four ways:
	       *
	       * ```js
	       * // returns true or false
	       * $animate.enabled();
	       *
	       * // changes the enabled state for all animations
	       * $animate.enabled(false);
	       * $animate.enabled(true);
	       *
	       * // returns true or false if animations are enabled for an element
	       * $animate.enabled(element);
	       *
	       * // changes the enabled state for an element and its children
	       * $animate.enabled(element, true);
	       * $animate.enabled(element, false);
	       * ```
	       *
	       * @param {DOMElement=} element the element that will be considered for checking/setting the enabled state
	       * @param {boolean=} enabled whether or not the animations will be enabled for the element
	       *
	       * @return {boolean} whether or not animations are enabled
	       */
	      enabled: $$animateQueue.enabled,

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#cancel
	       * @kind function
	       * @description Cancels the provided animation.
	       *
	       * @param {Promise} animationPromise The animation promise that is returned when an animation is started.
	       */
	      cancel: function(runner) {
	        runner.end && runner.end();
	      },

	      /**
	       *
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#enter
	       * @kind function
	       * @description Inserts the element into the DOM either after the `after` element (if provided) or
	       *   as the first child within the `parent` element and then triggers an animation.
	       *   A promise is returned that will be resolved during the next digest once the animation
	       *   has completed.
	       *
	       * @param {DOMElement} element the element which will be inserted into the DOM
	       * @param {DOMElement} parent the parent element which will append the element as
	       *   a child (so long as the after element is not present)
	       * @param {DOMElement=} after the sibling element after which the element will be appended
	       * @param {object=} options an optional collection of options/styles that will be applied to the element
	       *
	       * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
	       */
	      enter: function(element, parent, after, options) {
	        parent = parent || after.parent();
	        domInsert(element, parent, after);
	        return $$animateQueue.push(element, 'enter', options);
	      },

	      /**
	       *
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#move
	       * @kind function
	       * @description Inserts (moves) the element into its new position in the DOM either after
	       *   the `after` element (if provided) or as the first child within the `parent` element
	       *   and then triggers an animation. A promise is returned that will be resolved
	       *   during the next digest once the animation has completed.
	       *
	       * @param {DOMElement} element the element which will be moved into the new DOM position
	       * @param {DOMElement} parent the parent element which will append the element as
	       *   a child (so long as the after element is not present)
	       * @param {DOMElement=} after the sibling element after which the element will be appended
	       * @param {object=} options an optional collection of options/styles that will be applied to the element
	       *
	       * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
	       */
	      move: function(element, parent, after, options) {
	        parent = parent || after.parent();
	        domInsert(element, parent, after);
	        return $$animateQueue.push(element, 'move', options);
	      },

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#leave
	       * @kind function
	       * @description Triggers an animation and then removes the element from the DOM.
	       * When the function is called a promise is returned that will be resolved during the next
	       * digest once the animation has completed.
	       *
	       * @param {DOMElement} element the element which will be removed from the DOM
	       * @param {object=} options an optional collection of options/styles that will be applied to the element
	       *
	       * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
	       */
	      leave: function(element, options) {
	        return $$animateQueue.push(element, 'leave', options, function() {
	          element.remove();
	        });
	      },

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#addClass
	       * @kind function
	       *
	       * @description Triggers an addClass animation surrounding the addition of the provided CSS class(es). Upon
	       *   execution, the addClass operation will only be handled after the next digest and it will not trigger an
	       *   animation if element already contains the CSS class or if the class is removed at a later step.
	       *   Note that class-based animations are treated differently compared to structural animations
	       *   (like enter, move and leave) since the CSS classes may be added/removed at different points
	       *   depending if CSS or JavaScript animations are used.
	       *
	       * @param {DOMElement} element the element which the CSS classes will be applied to
	       * @param {string} className the CSS class(es) that will be added (multiple classes are separated via spaces)
	       * @param {object=} options an optional collection of options/styles that will be applied to the element
	       *
	       * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
	       */
	      addClass: function(element, className, options) {
	        options = options || {};
	        options.addClass = mergeClasses(options.addclass, className);
	        return $$animateQueue.push(element, 'addClass', options);
	      },

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#removeClass
	       * @kind function
	       *
	       * @description Triggers a removeClass animation surrounding the removal of the provided CSS class(es). Upon
	       *   execution, the removeClass operation will only be handled after the next digest and it will not trigger an
	       *   animation if element does not contain the CSS class or if the class is added at a later step.
	       *   Note that class-based animations are treated differently compared to structural animations
	       *   (like enter, move and leave) since the CSS classes may be added/removed at different points
	       *   depending if CSS or JavaScript animations are used.
	       *
	       * @param {DOMElement} element the element which the CSS classes will be applied to
	       * @param {string} className the CSS class(es) that will be removed (multiple classes are separated via spaces)
	       * @param {object=} options an optional collection of options/styles that will be applied to the element
	       *
	       * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
	       */
	      removeClass: function(element, className, options) {
	        options = options || {};
	        options.removeClass = mergeClasses(options.removeClass, className);
	        return $$animateQueue.push(element, 'removeClass', options);
	      },

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#setClass
	       * @kind function
	       *
	       * @description Performs both the addition and removal of a CSS classes on an element and (during the process)
	       *    triggers an animation surrounding the class addition/removal. Much like `$animate.addClass` and
	       *    `$animate.removeClass`, `setClass` will only evaluate the classes being added/removed once a digest has
	       *    passed. Note that class-based animations are treated differently compared to structural animations
	       *    (like enter, move and leave) since the CSS classes may be added/removed at different points
	       *    depending if CSS or JavaScript animations are used.
	       *
	       * @param {DOMElement} element the element which the CSS classes will be applied to
	       * @param {string} add the CSS class(es) that will be added (multiple classes are separated via spaces)
	       * @param {string} remove the CSS class(es) that will be removed (multiple classes are separated via spaces)
	       * @param {object=} options an optional collection of options/styles that will be applied to the element
	       *
	       * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
	       */
	      setClass: function(element, add, remove, options) {
	        options = options || {};
	        options.addClass = mergeClasses(options.addClass, add);
	        options.removeClass = mergeClasses(options.removeClass, remove);
	        return $$animateQueue.push(element, 'setClass', options);
	      },

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $animate#animate
	       * @kind function
	       *
	       * @description Performs an inline animation on the element which applies the provided to and from CSS styles to the element.
	       * If any detected CSS transition, keyframe or JavaScript matches the provided className value then the animation will take
	       * on the provided styles. For example, if a transition animation is set for the given className then the provided from and
	       * to styles will be applied alongside the given transition. If a JavaScript animation is detected then the provided styles
	       * will be given in as function paramters into the `animate` method (or as apart of the `options` parameter).
	       *
	       * @param {DOMElement} element the element which the CSS styles will be applied to
	       * @param {object} from the from (starting) CSS styles that will be applied to the element and across the animation.
	       * @param {object} to the to (destination) CSS styles that will be applied to the element and across the animation.
	       * @param {string=} className an optional CSS class that will be applied to the element for the duration of the animation. If
	       *    this value is left as empty then a CSS class of `ng-inline-animate` will be applied to the element.
	       *    (Note that if no animation is detected then this value will not be appplied to the element.)
	       * @param {object=} options an optional collection of options/styles that will be applied to the element
	       *
	       * @return {Promise} the animation callback promise
	       */
	      animate: function(element, from, to, className, options) {
	        options = options || {};
	        options.from = options.from ? extend(options.from, from) : from;
	        options.to   = options.to   ? extend(options.to, to)     : to;

	        className = className || 'ng-inline-animate';
	        options.tempClasses = mergeClasses(options.tempClasses, className);
	        return $$animateQueue.push(element, 'animate', options);
	      }
	    };
	  }];
	}];

	function $$AsyncCallbackProvider() {
	  this.$get = ['$$rAF', '$timeout', function($$rAF, $timeout) {
	    return $$rAF.supported
	      ? function(fn) { return $$rAF(fn); }
	      : function(fn) {
	        return $timeout(fn, 0, false);
	      };
	  }];
	}

	/* global stripHash: true */

	/**
	 * ! This is a private undocumented service !
	 *
	 * @name $browser
	 * @requires $log
	 * @description
	 * This object has two goals:
	 *
	 * - hide all the global state in the browser caused by the window object
	 * - abstract away all the browser specific features and inconsistencies
	 *
	 * For tests we provide {@link ngMock.$browser mock implementation} of the `$browser`
	 * service, which can be used for convenient testing of the application without the interaction with
	 * the real browser apis.
	 */
	/**
	 * @param {object} window The global window object.
	 * @param {object} document jQuery wrapped document.
	 * @param {object} $log window.console or an object with the same interface.
	 * @param {object} $sniffer $sniffer service
	 */
	function Browser(window, document, $log, $sniffer) {
	  var self = this,
	      rawDocument = document[0],
	      location = window.location,
	      history = window.history,
	      setTimeout = window.setTimeout,
	      clearTimeout = window.clearTimeout,
	      pendingDeferIds = {};

	  self.isMock = false;

	  var outstandingRequestCount = 0;
	  var outstandingRequestCallbacks = [];

	  // TODO(vojta): remove this temporary api
	  self.$$completeOutstandingRequest = completeOutstandingRequest;
	  self.$$incOutstandingRequestCount = function() { outstandingRequestCount++; };

	  /**
	   * Executes the `fn` function(supports currying) and decrements the `outstandingRequestCallbacks`
	   * counter. If the counter reaches 0, all the `outstandingRequestCallbacks` are executed.
	   */
	  function completeOutstandingRequest(fn) {
	    try {
	      fn.apply(null, sliceArgs(arguments, 1));
	    } finally {
	      outstandingRequestCount--;
	      if (outstandingRequestCount === 0) {
	        while (outstandingRequestCallbacks.length) {
	          try {
	            outstandingRequestCallbacks.pop()();
	          } catch (e) {
	            $log.error(e);
	          }
	        }
	      }
	    }
	  }

	  function getHash(url) {
	    var index = url.indexOf('#');
	    return index === -1 ? '' : url.substr(index + 1);
	  }

	  /**
	   * @private
	   * Note: this method is used only by scenario runner
	   * TODO(vojta): prefix this method with $$ ?
	   * @param {function()} callback Function that will be called when no outstanding request
	   */
	  self.notifyWhenNoOutstandingRequests = function(callback) {
	    if (outstandingRequestCount === 0) {
	      callback();
	    } else {
	      outstandingRequestCallbacks.push(callback);
	    }
	  };

	  //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
	  // URL API
	  //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

	  var cachedState, lastHistoryState,
	      lastBrowserUrl = location.href,
	      baseElement = document.find('base'),
	      reloadLocation = null;

	  cacheState();
	  lastHistoryState = cachedState;

	  /**
	   * @name $browser#url
	   *
	   * @description
	   * GETTER:
	   * Without any argument, this method just returns current value of location.href.
	   *
	   * SETTER:
	   * With at least one argument, this method sets url to new value.
	   * If html5 history api supported, pushState/replaceState is used, otherwise
	   * location.href/location.replace is used.
	   * Returns its own instance to allow chaining
	   *
	   * NOTE: this api is intended for use only by the $location service. Please use the
	   * {@link ng.$location $location service} to change url.
	   *
	   * @param {string} url New url (when used as setter)
	   * @param {boolean=} replace Should new url replace current history record?
	   * @param {object=} state object to use with pushState/replaceState
	   */
	  self.url = function(url, replace, state) {
	    // In modern browsers `history.state` is `null` by default; treating it separately
	    // from `undefined` would cause `$browser.url('/foo')` to change `history.state`
	    // to undefined via `pushState`. Instead, let's change `undefined` to `null` here.
	    if (isUndefined(state)) {
	      state = null;
	    }

	    // Android Browser BFCache causes location, history reference to become stale.
	    if (location !== window.location) location = window.location;
	    if (history !== window.history) history = window.history;

	    // setter
	    if (url) {
	      var sameState = lastHistoryState === state;

	      // Don't change anything if previous and current URLs and states match. This also prevents
	      // IE<10 from getting into redirect loop when in LocationHashbangInHtml5Url mode.
	      // See https://github.com/angular/angular.js/commit/ffb2701
	      if (lastBrowserUrl === url && (!$sniffer.history || sameState)) {
	        return self;
	      }
	      var sameBase = lastBrowserUrl && stripHash(lastBrowserUrl) === stripHash(url);
	      lastBrowserUrl = url;
	      lastHistoryState = state;
	      // Don't use history API if only the hash changed
	      // due to a bug in IE10/IE11 which leads
	      // to not firing a `hashchange` nor `popstate` event
	      // in some cases (see #9143).
	      if ($sniffer.history && (!sameBase || !sameState)) {
	        history[replace ? 'replaceState' : 'pushState'](state, '', url);
	        cacheState();
	        // Do the assignment again so that those two variables are referentially identical.
	        lastHistoryState = cachedState;
	      } else {
	        if (!sameBase) {
	          reloadLocation = url;
	        }
	        if (replace) {
	          location.replace(url);
	        } else if (!sameBase) {
	          location.href = url;
	        } else {
	          location.hash = getHash(url);
	        }
	      }
	      return self;
	    // getter
	    } else {
	      // - reloadLocation is needed as browsers don't allow to read out
	      //   the new location.href if a reload happened.
	      // - the replacement is a workaround for https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=407172
	      return reloadLocation || location.href.replace(/%27/g,"'");
	    }
	  };

	  /**
	   * @name $browser#state
	   *
	   * @description
	   * This method is a getter.
	   *
	   * Return history.state or null if history.state is undefined.
	   *
	   * @returns {object} state
	   */
	  self.state = function() {
	    return cachedState;
	  };

	  var urlChangeListeners = [],
	      urlChangeInit = false;

	  function cacheStateAndFireUrlChange() {
	    cacheState();
	    fireUrlChange();
	  }

	  function getCurrentState() {
	    try {
	      return history.state;
	    } catch (e) {
	      // MSIE can reportedly throw when there is no state (UNCONFIRMED).
	    }
	  }

	  // This variable should be used *only* inside the cacheState function.
	  var lastCachedState = null;
	  function cacheState() {
	    // This should be the only place in $browser where `history.state` is read.
	    cachedState = getCurrentState();
	    cachedState = isUndefined(cachedState) ? null : cachedState;

	    // Prevent callbacks fo fire twice if both hashchange & popstate were fired.
	    if (equals(cachedState, lastCachedState)) {
	      cachedState = lastCachedState;
	    }
	    lastCachedState = cachedState;
	  }

	  function fireUrlChange() {
	    if (lastBrowserUrl === self.url() && lastHistoryState === cachedState) {
	      return;
	    }

	    lastBrowserUrl = self.url();
	    lastHistoryState = cachedState;
	    forEach(urlChangeListeners, function(listener) {
	      listener(self.url(), cachedState);
	    });
	  }

	  /**
	   * @name $browser#onUrlChange
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Register callback function that will be called, when url changes.
	   *
	   * It's only called when the url is changed from outside of angular:
	   * - user types different url into address bar
	   * - user clicks on history (forward/back) button
	   * - user clicks on a link
	   *
	   * It's not called when url is changed by $browser.url() method
	   *
	   * The listener gets called with new url as parameter.
	   *
	   * NOTE: this api is intended for use only by the $location service. Please use the
	   * {@link ng.$location $location service} to monitor url changes in angular apps.
	   *
	   * @param {function(string)} listener Listener function to be called when url changes.
	   * @return {function(string)} Returns the registered listener fn - handy if the fn is anonymous.
	   */
	  self.onUrlChange = function(callback) {
	    // TODO(vojta): refactor to use node's syntax for events
	    if (!urlChangeInit) {
	      // We listen on both (hashchange/popstate) when available, as some browsers (e.g. Opera)
	      // don't fire popstate when user change the address bar and don't fire hashchange when url
	      // changed by push/replaceState

	      // html5 history api - popstate event
	      if ($sniffer.history) jqLite(window).on('popstate', cacheStateAndFireUrlChange);
	      // hashchange event
	      jqLite(window).on('hashchange', cacheStateAndFireUrlChange);

	      urlChangeInit = true;
	    }

	    urlChangeListeners.push(callback);
	    return callback;
	  };

	  /**
	   * @private
	   * Remove popstate and hashchange handler from window.
	   *
	   * NOTE: this api is intended for use only by $rootScope.
	   */
	  self.$$applicationDestroyed = function() {
	    jqLite(window).off('hashchange popstate', cacheStateAndFireUrlChange);
	  };

	  /**
	   * Checks whether the url has changed outside of Angular.
	   * Needs to be exported to be able to check for changes that have been done in sync,
	   * as hashchange/popstate events fire in async.
	   */
	  self.$$checkUrlChange = fireUrlChange;

	  //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
	  // Misc API
	  //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

	  /**
	   * @name $browser#baseHref
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Returns current <base href>
	   * (always relative - without domain)
	   *
	   * @returns {string} The current base href
	   */
	  self.baseHref = function() {
	    var href = baseElement.attr('href');
	    return href ? href.replace(/^(https?\:)?\/\/[^\/]*/, '') : '';
	  };

	  /**
	   * @name $browser#defer
	   * @param {function()} fn A function, who's execution should be deferred.
	   * @param {number=} [delay=0] of milliseconds to defer the function execution.
	   * @returns {*} DeferId that can be used to cancel the task via `$browser.defer.cancel()`.
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Executes a fn asynchronously via `setTimeout(fn, delay)`.
	   *
	   * Unlike when calling `setTimeout` directly, in test this function is mocked and instead of using
	   * `setTimeout` in tests, the fns are queued in an array, which can be programmatically flushed
	   * via `$browser.defer.flush()`.
	   *
	   */
	  self.defer = function(fn, delay) {
	    var timeoutId;
	    outstandingRequestCount++;
	    timeoutId = setTimeout(function() {
	      delete pendingDeferIds[timeoutId];
	      completeOutstandingRequest(fn);
	    }, delay || 0);
	    pendingDeferIds[timeoutId] = true;
	    return timeoutId;
	  };


	  /**
	   * @name $browser#defer.cancel
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Cancels a deferred task identified with `deferId`.
	   *
	   * @param {*} deferId Token returned by the `$browser.defer` function.
	   * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the task hasn't executed yet and was successfully
	   *                    canceled.
	   */
	  self.defer.cancel = function(deferId) {
	    if (pendingDeferIds[deferId]) {
	      delete pendingDeferIds[deferId];
	      clearTimeout(deferId);
	      completeOutstandingRequest(noop);
	      return true;
	    }
	    return false;
	  };

	}

	function $BrowserProvider() {
	  this.$get = ['$window', '$log', '$sniffer', '$document',
	      function($window, $log, $sniffer, $document) {
	        return new Browser($window, $document, $log, $sniffer);
	      }];
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $cacheFactory
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Factory that constructs {@link $cacheFactory.Cache Cache} objects and gives access to
	 * them.
	 *
	 * ```js
	 *
	 *  var cache = $cacheFactory('cacheId');
	 *  expect($cacheFactory.get('cacheId')).toBe(cache);
	 *  expect($cacheFactory.get('noSuchCacheId')).not.toBeDefined();
	 *
	 *  cache.put("key", "value");
	 *  cache.put("another key", "another value");
	 *
	 *  // We've specified no options on creation
	 *  expect(cache.info()).toEqual({id: 'cacheId', size: 2});
	 *
	 * ```
	 *
	 *
	 * @param {string} cacheId Name or id of the newly created cache.
	 * @param {object=} options Options object that specifies the cache behavior. Properties:
	 *
	 *   - `{number=}` `capacity` — turns the cache into LRU cache.
	 *
	 * @returns {object} Newly created cache object with the following set of methods:
	 *
	 * - `{object}` `info()` — Returns id, size, and options of cache.
	 * - `{{*}}` `put({string} key, {*} value)` — Puts a new key-value pair into the cache and returns
	 *   it.
	 * - `{{*}}` `get({string} key)` — Returns cached value for `key` or undefined for cache miss.
	 * - `{void}` `remove({string} key)` — Removes a key-value pair from the cache.
	 * - `{void}` `removeAll()` — Removes all cached values.
	 * - `{void}` `destroy()` — Removes references to this cache from $cacheFactory.
	 *
	 * @example
	   <example module="cacheExampleApp">
	     <file name="index.html">
	       <div ng-controller="CacheController">
	         <input ng-model="newCacheKey" placeholder="Key">
	         <input ng-model="newCacheValue" placeholder="Value">
	         <button ng-click="put(newCacheKey, newCacheValue)">Cache</button>

	         <p ng-if="keys.length">Cached Values</p>
	         <div ng-repeat="key in keys">
	           <span ng-bind="key"></span>
	           <span>: </span>
	           <b ng-bind="cache.get(key)"></b>
	         </div>

	         <p>Cache Info</p>
	         <div ng-repeat="(key, value) in cache.info()">
	           <span ng-bind="key"></span>
	           <span>: </span>
	           <b ng-bind="value"></b>
	         </div>
	       </div>
	     </file>
	     <file name="script.js">
	       angular.module('cacheExampleApp', []).
	         controller('CacheController', ['$scope', '$cacheFactory', function($scope, $cacheFactory) {
	           $scope.keys = [];
	           $scope.cache = $cacheFactory('cacheId');
	           $scope.put = function(key, value) {
	             if ($scope.cache.get(key) === undefined) {
	               $scope.keys.push(key);
	             }
	             $scope.cache.put(key, value === undefined ? null : value);
	           };
	         }]);
	     </file>
	     <file name="style.css">
	       p {
	         margin: 10px 0 3px;
	       }
	     </file>
	   </example>
	 */
	function $CacheFactoryProvider() {

	  this.$get = function() {
	    var caches = {};

	    function cacheFactory(cacheId, options) {
	      if (cacheId in caches) {
	        throw minErr('$cacheFactory')('iid', "CacheId '{0}' is already taken!", cacheId);
	      }

	      var size = 0,
	          stats = extend({}, options, {id: cacheId}),
	          data = {},
	          capacity = (options && options.capacity) || Number.MAX_VALUE,
	          lruHash = {},
	          freshEnd = null,
	          staleEnd = null;

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc type
	       * @name $cacheFactory.Cache
	       *
	       * @description
	       * A cache object used to store and retrieve data, primarily used by
	       * {@link $http $http} and the {@link ng.directive:script script} directive to cache
	       * templates and other data.
	       *
	       * ```js
	       *  angular.module('superCache')
	       *    .factory('superCache', ['$cacheFactory', function($cacheFactory) {
	       *      return $cacheFactory('super-cache');
	       *    }]);
	       * ```
	       *
	       * Example test:
	       *
	       * ```js
	       *  it('should behave like a cache', inject(function(superCache) {
	       *    superCache.put('key', 'value');
	       *    superCache.put('another key', 'another value');
	       *
	       *    expect(superCache.info()).toEqual({
	       *      id: 'super-cache',
	       *      size: 2
	       *    });
	       *
	       *    superCache.remove('another key');
	       *    expect(superCache.get('another key')).toBeUndefined();
	       *
	       *    superCache.removeAll();
	       *    expect(superCache.info()).toEqual({
	       *      id: 'super-cache',
	       *      size: 0
	       *    });
	       *  }));
	       * ```
	       */
	      return caches[cacheId] = {

	        /**
	         * @ngdoc method
	         * @name $cacheFactory.Cache#put
	         * @kind function
	         *
	         * @description
	         * Inserts a named entry into the {@link $cacheFactory.Cache Cache} object to be
	         * retrieved later, and incrementing the size of the cache if the key was not already
	         * present in the cache. If behaving like an LRU cache, it will also remove stale
	         * entries from the set.
	         *
	         * It will not insert undefined values into the cache.
	         *
	         * @param {string} key the key under which the cached data is stored.
	         * @param {*} value the value to store alongside the key. If it is undefined, the key
	         *    will not be stored.
	         * @returns {*} the value stored.
	         */
	        put: function(key, value) {
	          if (isUndefined(value)) return;
	          if (capacity < Number.MAX_VALUE) {
	            var lruEntry = lruHash[key] || (lruHash[key] = {key: key});

	            refresh(lruEntry);
	          }

	          if (!(key in data)) size++;
	          data[key] = value;

	          if (size > capacity) {
	            this.remove(staleEnd.key);
	          }

	          return value;
	        },

	        /**
	         * @ngdoc method
	         * @name $cacheFactory.Cache#get
	         * @kind function
	         *
	         * @description
	         * Retrieves named data stored in the {@link $cacheFactory.Cache Cache} object.
	         *
	         * @param {string} key the key of the data to be retrieved
	         * @returns {*} the value stored.
	         */
	        get: function(key) {
	          if (capacity < Number.MAX_VALUE) {
	            var lruEntry = lruHash[key];

	            if (!lruEntry) return;

	            refresh(lruEntry);
	          }

	          return data[key];
	        },


	        /**
	         * @ngdoc method
	         * @name $cacheFactory.Cache#remove
	         * @kind function
	         *
	         * @description
	         * Removes an entry from the {@link $cacheFactory.Cache Cache} object.
	         *
	         * @param {string} key the key of the entry to be removed
	         */
	        remove: function(key) {
	          if (capacity < Number.MAX_VALUE) {
	            var lruEntry = lruHash[key];

	            if (!lruEntry) return;

	            if (lruEntry == freshEnd) freshEnd = lruEntry.p;
	            if (lruEntry == staleEnd) staleEnd = lruEntry.n;
	            link(lruEntry.n,lruEntry.p);

	            delete lruHash[key];
	          }

	          delete data[key];
	          size--;
	        },


	        /**
	         * @ngdoc method
	         * @name $cacheFactory.Cache#removeAll
	         * @kind function
	         *
	         * @description
	         * Clears the cache object of any entries.
	         */
	        removeAll: function() {
	          data = {};
	          size = 0;
	          lruHash = {};
	          freshEnd = staleEnd = null;
	        },


	        /**
	         * @ngdoc method
	         * @name $cacheFactory.Cache#destroy
	         * @kind function
	         *
	         * @description
	         * Destroys the {@link $cacheFactory.Cache Cache} object entirely,
	         * removing it from the {@link $cacheFactory $cacheFactory} set.
	         */
	        destroy: function() {
	          data = null;
	          stats = null;
	          lruHash = null;
	          delete caches[cacheId];
	        },


	        /**
	         * @ngdoc method
	         * @name $cacheFactory.Cache#info
	         * @kind function
	         *
	         * @description
	         * Retrieve information regarding a particular {@link $cacheFactory.Cache Cache}.
	         *
	         * @returns {object} an object with the following properties:
	         *   <ul>
	         *     <li>**id**: the id of the cache instance</li>
	         *     <li>**size**: the number of entries kept in the cache instance</li>
	         *     <li>**...**: any additional properties from the options object when creating the
	         *       cache.</li>
	         *   </ul>
	         */
	        info: function() {
	          return extend({}, stats, {size: size});
	        }
	      };


	      /**
	       * makes the `entry` the freshEnd of the LRU linked list
	       */
	      function refresh(entry) {
	        if (entry != freshEnd) {
	          if (!staleEnd) {
	            staleEnd = entry;
	          } else if (staleEnd == entry) {
	            staleEnd = entry.n;
	          }

	          link(entry.n, entry.p);
	          link(entry, freshEnd);
	          freshEnd = entry;
	          freshEnd.n = null;
	        }
	      }


	      /**
	       * bidirectionally links two entries of the LRU linked list
	       */
	      function link(nextEntry, prevEntry) {
	        if (nextEntry != prevEntry) {
	          if (nextEntry) nextEntry.p = prevEntry; //p stands for previous, 'prev' didn't minify
	          if (prevEntry) prevEntry.n = nextEntry; //n stands for next, 'next' didn't minify
	        }
	      }
	    }


	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $cacheFactory#info
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Get information about all the caches that have been created
	   *
	   * @returns {Object} - key-value map of `cacheId` to the result of calling `cache#info`
	   */
	    cacheFactory.info = function() {
	      var info = {};
	      forEach(caches, function(cache, cacheId) {
	        info[cacheId] = cache.info();
	      });
	      return info;
	    };


	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $cacheFactory#get
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Get access to a cache object by the `cacheId` used when it was created.
	   *
	   * @param {string} cacheId Name or id of a cache to access.
	   * @returns {object} Cache object identified by the cacheId or undefined if no such cache.
	   */
	    cacheFactory.get = function(cacheId) {
	      return caches[cacheId];
	    };


	    return cacheFactory;
	  };
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $templateCache
	 *
	 * @description
	 * The first time a template is used, it is loaded in the template cache for quick retrieval. You
	 * can load templates directly into the cache in a `script` tag, or by consuming the
	 * `$templateCache` service directly.
	 *
	 * Adding via the `script` tag:
	 *
	 * ```html
	 *   <script type="text/ng-template" id="templateId.html">
	 *     <p>This is the content of the template</p>
	 *   </script>
	 * ```
	 *
	 * **Note:** the `script` tag containing the template does not need to be included in the `head` of
	 * the document, but it must be a descendent of the {@link ng.$rootElement $rootElement} (IE,
	 * element with ng-app attribute), otherwise the template will be ignored.
	 *
	 * Adding via the `$templateCache` service:
	 *
	 * ```js
	 * var myApp = angular.module('myApp', []);
	 * myApp.run(function($templateCache) {
	 *   $templateCache.put('templateId.html', 'This is the content of the template');
	 * });
	 * ```
	 *
	 * To retrieve the template later, simply use it in your HTML:
	 * ```html
	 * <div ng-include=" 'templateId.html' "></div>
	 * ```
	 *
	 * or get it via Javascript:
	 * ```js
	 * $templateCache.get('templateId.html')
	 * ```
	 *
	 * See {@link ng.$cacheFactory $cacheFactory}.
	 *
	 */
	function $TemplateCacheProvider() {
	  this.$get = ['$cacheFactory', function($cacheFactory) {
	    return $cacheFactory('templates');
	  }];
	}

	/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
	 *     Any commits to this file should be reviewed with security in mind.  *
	 *   Changes to this file can potentially create security vulnerabilities. *
	 *          An approval from 2 Core members with history of modifying      *
	 *                         this file is required.                          *
	 *                                                                         *
	 *  Does the change somehow allow for arbitrary javascript to be executed? *
	 *    Or allows for someone to change the prototype of built-in objects?   *
	 *     Or gives undesired access to variables likes document or window?    *
	 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */

	/* ! VARIABLE/FUNCTION NAMING CONVENTIONS THAT APPLY TO THIS FILE!
	 *
	 * DOM-related variables:
	 *
	 * - "node" - DOM Node
	 * - "element" - DOM Element or Node
	 * - "$node" or "$element" - jqLite-wrapped node or element
	 *
	 *
	 * Compiler related stuff:
	 *
	 * - "linkFn" - linking fn of a single directive
	 * - "nodeLinkFn" - function that aggregates all linking fns for a particular node
	 * - "childLinkFn" -  function that aggregates all linking fns for child nodes of a particular node
	 * - "compositeLinkFn" - function that aggregates all linking fns for a compilation root (nodeList)
	 */


	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $compile
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Compiles an HTML string or DOM into a template and produces a template function, which
	 * can then be used to link {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope `scope`} and the template together.
	 *
	 * The compilation is a process of walking the DOM tree and matching DOM elements to
	 * {@link ng.$compileProvider#directive directives}.
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-warning">
	 * **Note:** This document is an in-depth reference of all directive options.
	 * For a gentle introduction to directives with examples of common use cases,
	 * see the {@link guide/directive directive guide}.
	 * </div>
	 *
	 * ## Comprehensive Directive API
	 *
	 * There are many different options for a directive.
	 *
	 * The difference resides in the return value of the factory function.
	 * You can either return a "Directive Definition Object" (see below) that defines the directive properties,
	 * or just the `postLink` function (all other properties will have the default values).
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-success">
	 * **Best Practice:** It's recommended to use the "directive definition object" form.
	 * </div>
	 *
	 * Here's an example directive declared with a Directive Definition Object:
	 *
	 * ```js
	 *   var myModule = angular.module(...);
	 *
	 *   myModule.directive('directiveName', function factory(injectables) {
	 *     var directiveDefinitionObject = {
	 *       priority: 0,
	 *       template: '<div></div>', // or // function(tElement, tAttrs) { ... },
	 *       // or
	 *       // templateUrl: 'directive.html', // or // function(tElement, tAttrs) { ... },
	 *       transclude: false,
	 *       restrict: 'A',
	 *       templateNamespace: 'html',
	 *       scope: false,
	 *       controller: function($scope, $element, $attrs, $transclude, otherInjectables) { ... },
	 *       controllerAs: 'stringIdentifier',
	 *       bindToController: false,
	 *       require: 'siblingDirectiveName', // or // ['^parentDirectiveName', '?optionalDirectiveName', '?^optionalParent'],
	 *       compile: function compile(tElement, tAttrs, transclude) {
	 *         return {
	 *           pre: function preLink(scope, iElement, iAttrs, controller) { ... },
	 *           post: function postLink(scope, iElement, iAttrs, controller) { ... }
	 *         }
	 *         // or
	 *         // return function postLink( ... ) { ... }
	 *       },
	 *       // or
	 *       // link: {
	 *       //  pre: function preLink(scope, iElement, iAttrs, controller) { ... },
	 *       //  post: function postLink(scope, iElement, iAttrs, controller) { ... }
	 *       // }
	 *       // or
	 *       // link: function postLink( ... ) { ... }
	 *     };
	 *     return directiveDefinitionObject;
	 *   });
	 * ```
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-warning">
	 * **Note:** Any unspecified options will use the default value. You can see the default values below.
	 * </div>
	 *
	 * Therefore the above can be simplified as:
	 *
	 * ```js
	 *   var myModule = angular.module(...);
	 *
	 *   myModule.directive('directiveName', function factory(injectables) {
	 *     var directiveDefinitionObject = {
	 *       link: function postLink(scope, iElement, iAttrs) { ... }
	 *     };
	 *     return directiveDefinitionObject;
	 *     // or
	 *     // return function postLink(scope, iElement, iAttrs) { ... }
	 *   });
	 * ```
	 *
	 *
	 *
	 * ### Directive Definition Object
	 *
	 * The directive definition object provides instructions to the {@link ng.$compile
	 * compiler}. The attributes are:
	 *
	 * #### `multiElement`
	 * When this property is set to true, the HTML compiler will collect DOM nodes between
	 * nodes with the attributes `directive-name-start` and `directive-name-end`, and group them
	 * together as the directive elements. It is recommended that this feature be used on directives
	 * which are not strictly behavioural (such as {@link ngClick}), and which
	 * do not manipulate or replace child nodes (such as {@link ngInclude}).
	 *
	 * #### `priority`
	 * When there are multiple directives defined on a single DOM element, sometimes it
	 * is necessary to specify the order in which the directives are applied. The `priority` is used
	 * to sort the directives before their `compile` functions get called. Priority is defined as a
	 * number. Directives with greater numerical `priority` are compiled first. Pre-link functions
	 * are also run in priority order, but post-link functions are run in reverse order. The order
	 * of directives with the same priority is undefined. The default priority is `0`.
	 *
	 * #### `terminal`
	 * If set to true then the current `priority` will be the last set of directives
	 * which will execute (any directives at the current priority will still execute
	 * as the order of execution on same `priority` is undefined). Note that expressions
	 * and other directives used in the directive's template will also be excluded from execution.
	 *
	 * #### `scope`
	 * **If set to `true`,** then a new scope will be created for this directive. If multiple directives on the
	 * same element request a new scope, only one new scope is created. The new scope rule does not
	 * apply for the root of the template since the root of the template always gets a new scope.
	 *
	 * **If set to `{}` (object hash),** then a new "isolate" scope is created. The 'isolate' scope differs from
	 * normal scope in that it does not prototypically inherit from the parent scope. This is useful
	 * when creating reusable components, which should not accidentally read or modify data in the
	 * parent scope.
	 *
	 * The 'isolate' scope takes an object hash which defines a set of local scope properties
	 * derived from the parent scope. These local properties are useful for aliasing values for
	 * templates. Locals definition is a hash of local scope property to its source:
	 *
	 * * `@` or `@attr` - bind a local scope property to the value of DOM attribute. The result is
	 *   always a string since DOM attributes are strings. If no `attr` name is specified  then the
	 *   attribute name is assumed to be the same as the local name.
	 *   Given `<widget my-attr="hello {{name}}">` and widget definition
	 *   of `scope: { localName:'@myAttr' }`, then widget scope property `localName` will reflect
	 *   the interpolated value of `hello {{name}}`. As the `name` attribute changes so will the
	 *   `localName` property on the widget scope. The `name` is read from the parent scope (not
	 *   component scope).
	 *
	 * * `=` or `=attr` - set up bi-directional binding between a local scope property and the
	 *   parent scope property of name defined via the value of the `attr` attribute. If no `attr`
	 *   name is specified then the attribute name is assumed to be the same as the local name.
	 *   Given `<widget my-attr="parentModel">` and widget definition of
	 *   `scope: { localModel:'=myAttr' }`, then widget scope property `localModel` will reflect the
	 *   value of `parentModel` on the parent scope. Any changes to `parentModel` will be reflected
	 *   in `localModel` and any changes in `localModel` will reflect in `parentModel`. If the parent
	 *   scope property doesn't exist, it will throw a NON_ASSIGNABLE_MODEL_EXPRESSION exception. You
	 *   can avoid this behavior using `=?` or `=?attr` in order to flag the property as optional. If
	 *   you want to shallow watch for changes (i.e. $watchCollection instead of $watch) you can use
	 *   `=*` or `=*attr` (`=*?` or `=*?attr` if the property is optional).
	 *
	 * * `&` or `&attr` - provides a way to execute an expression in the context of the parent scope.
	 *   If no `attr` name is specified then the attribute name is assumed to be the same as the
	 *   local name. Given `<widget my-attr="count = count + value">` and widget definition of
	 *   `scope: { localFn:'&myAttr' }`, then isolate scope property `localFn` will point to
	 *   a function wrapper for the `count = count + value` expression. Often it's desirable to
	 *   pass data from the isolated scope via an expression to the parent scope, this can be
	 *   done by passing a map of local variable names and values into the expression wrapper fn.
	 *   For example, if the expression is `increment(amount)` then we can specify the amount value
	 *   by calling the `localFn` as `localFn({amount: 22})`.
	 *
	 *
	 * #### `bindToController`
	 * When an isolate scope is used for a component (see above), and `controllerAs` is used, `bindToController: true` will
	 * allow a component to have its properties bound to the controller, rather than to scope. When the controller
	 * is instantiated, the initial values of the isolate scope bindings are already available.
	 *
	 * #### `controller`
	 * Controller constructor function. The controller is instantiated before the
	 * pre-linking phase and it is shared with other directives (see
	 * `require` attribute). This allows the directives to communicate with each other and augment
	 * each other's behavior. The controller is injectable (and supports bracket notation) with the following locals:
	 *
	 * * `$scope` - Current scope associated with the element
	 * * `$element` - Current element
	 * * `$attrs` - Current attributes object for the element
	 * * `$transclude` - A transclude linking function pre-bound to the correct transclusion scope:
	 *   `function([scope], cloneLinkingFn, futureParentElement)`.
	 *    * `scope`: optional argument to override the scope.
	 *    * `cloneLinkingFn`: optional argument to create clones of the original transcluded content.
	 *    * `futureParentElement`:
	 *        * defines the parent to which the `cloneLinkingFn` will add the cloned elements.
	 *        * default: `$element.parent()` resp. `$element` for `transclude:'element'` resp. `transclude:true`.
	 *        * only needed for transcludes that are allowed to contain non html elements (e.g. SVG elements)
	 *          and when the `cloneLinkinFn` is passed,
	 *          as those elements need to created and cloned in a special way when they are defined outside their
	 *          usual containers (e.g. like `<svg>`).
	 *        * See also the `directive.templateNamespace` property.
	 *
	 *
	 * #### `require`
	 * Require another directive and inject its controller as the fourth argument to the linking function. The
	 * `require` takes a string name (or array of strings) of the directive(s) to pass in. If an array is used, the
	 * injected argument will be an array in corresponding order. If no such directive can be
	 * found, or if the directive does not have a controller, then an error is raised (unless no link function
	 * is specified, in which case error checking is skipped). The name can be prefixed with:
	 *
	 * * (no prefix) - Locate the required controller on the current element. Throw an error if not found.
	 * * `?` - Attempt to locate the required controller or pass `null` to the `link` fn if not found.
	 * * `^` - Locate the required controller by searching the element and its parents. Throw an error if not found.
	 * * `^^` - Locate the required controller by searching the element's parents. Throw an error if not found.
	 * * `?^` - Attempt to locate the required controller by searching the element and its parents or pass
	 *   `null` to the `link` fn if not found.
	 * * `?^^` - Attempt to locate the required controller by searching the element's parents, or pass
	 *   `null` to the `link` fn if not found.
	 *
	 *
	 * #### `controllerAs`
	 * Identifier name for a reference to the controller in the directive's scope.
	 * This allows the controller to be referenced from the directive template. The directive
	 * needs to define a scope for this configuration to be used. Useful in the case when
	 * directive is used as component.
	 *
	 *
	 * #### `restrict`
	 * String of subset of `EACM` which restricts the directive to a specific directive
	 * declaration style. If omitted, the defaults (elements and attributes) are used.
	 *
	 * * `E` - Element name (default): `<my-directive></my-directive>`
	 * * `A` - Attribute (default): `<div my-directive="exp"></div>`
	 * * `C` - Class: `<div class="my-directive: exp;"></div>`
	 * * `M` - Comment: `<!-- directive: my-directive exp -->`
	 *
	 *
	 * #### `templateNamespace`
	 * String representing the document type used by the markup in the template.
	 * AngularJS needs this information as those elements need to be created and cloned
	 * in a special way when they are defined outside their usual containers like `<svg>` and `<math>`.
	 *
	 * * `html` - All root nodes in the template are HTML. Root nodes may also be
	 *   top-level elements such as `<svg>` or `<math>`.
	 * * `svg` - The root nodes in the template are SVG elements (excluding `<math>`).
	 * * `math` - The root nodes in the template are MathML elements (excluding `<svg>`).
	 *
	 * If no `templateNamespace` is specified, then the namespace is considered to be `html`.
	 *
	 * #### `template`
	 * HTML markup that may:
	 * * Replace the contents of the directive's element (default).
	 * * Replace the directive's element itself (if `replace` is true - DEPRECATED).
	 * * Wrap the contents of the directive's element (if `transclude` is true).
	 *
	 * Value may be:
	 *
	 * * A string. For example `<div red-on-hover>{{delete_str}}</div>`.
	 * * A function which takes two arguments `tElement` and `tAttrs` (described in the `compile`
	 *   function api below) and returns a string value.
	 *
	 *
	 * #### `templateUrl`
	 * This is similar to `template` but the template is loaded from the specified URL, asynchronously.
	 *
	 * Because template loading is asynchronous the compiler will suspend compilation of directives on that element
	 * for later when the template has been resolved.  In the meantime it will continue to compile and link
	 * sibling and parent elements as though this element had not contained any directives.
	 *
	 * The compiler does not suspend the entire compilation to wait for templates to be loaded because this
	 * would result in the whole app "stalling" until all templates are loaded asynchronously - even in the
	 * case when only one deeply nested directive has `templateUrl`.
	 *
	 * Template loading is asynchronous even if the template has been preloaded into the {@link $templateCache}
	 *
	 * You can specify `templateUrl` as a string representing the URL or as a function which takes two
	 * arguments `tElement` and `tAttrs` (described in the `compile` function api below) and returns
	 * a string value representing the url.  In either case, the template URL is passed through {@link
	 * $sce#getTrustedResourceUrl $sce.getTrustedResourceUrl}.
	 *
	 *
	 * #### `replace` ([*DEPRECATED*!], will be removed in next major release - i.e. v2.0)
	 * specify what the template should replace. Defaults to `false`.
	 *
	 * * `true` - the template will replace the directive's element.
	 * * `false` - the template will replace the contents of the directive's element.
	 *
	 * The replacement process migrates all of the attributes / classes from the old element to the new
	 * one. See the {@link guide/directive#template-expanding-directive
	 * Directives Guide} for an example.
	 *
	 * There are very few scenarios where element replacement is required for the application function,
	 * the main one being reusable custom components that are used within SVG contexts
	 * (because SVG doesn't work with custom elements in the DOM tree).
	 *
	 * #### `transclude`
	 * Extract the contents of the element where the directive appears and make it available to the directive.
	 * The contents are compiled and provided to the directive as a **transclusion function**. See the
	 * {@link $compile#transclusion Transclusion} section below.
	 *
	 * There are two kinds of transclusion depending upon whether you want to transclude just the contents of the
	 * directive's element or the entire element:
	 *
	 * * `true` - transclude the content (i.e. the child nodes) of the directive's element.
	 * * `'element'` - transclude the whole of the directive's element including any directives on this
	 *   element that defined at a lower priority than this directive. When used, the `template`
	 *   property is ignored.
	 *
	 *
	 * #### `compile`
	 *
	 * ```js
	 *   function compile(tElement, tAttrs, transclude) { ... }
	 * ```
	 *
	 * The compile function deals with transforming the template DOM. Since most directives do not do
	 * template transformation, it is not used often. The compile function takes the following arguments:
	 *
	 *   * `tElement` - template element - The element where the directive has been declared. It is
	 *     safe to do template transformation on the element and child elements only.
	 *
	 *   * `tAttrs` - template attributes - Normalized list of attributes declared on this element shared
	 *     between all directive compile functions.
	 *
	 *   * `transclude` -  [*DEPRECATED*!] A transclude linking function: `function(scope, cloneLinkingFn)`
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-warning">
	 * **Note:** The template instance and the link instance may be different objects if the template has
	 * been cloned. For this reason it is **not** safe to do anything other than DOM transformations that
	 * apply to all cloned DOM nodes within the compile function. Specifically, DOM listener registration
	 * should be done in a linking function rather than in a compile function.
	 * </div>

	 * <div class="alert alert-warning">
	 * **Note:** The compile function cannot handle directives that recursively use themselves in their
	 * own templates or compile functions. Compiling these directives results in an infinite loop and a
	 * stack overflow errors.
	 *
	 * This can be avoided by manually using $compile in the postLink function to imperatively compile
	 * a directive's template instead of relying on automatic template compilation via `template` or
	 * `templateUrl` declaration or manual compilation inside the compile function.
	 * </div>
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-danger">
	 * **Note:** The `transclude` function that is passed to the compile function is deprecated, as it
	 *   e.g. does not know about the right outer scope. Please use the transclude function that is passed
	 *   to the link function instead.
	 * </div>

	 * A compile function can have a return value which can be either a function or an object.
	 *
	 * * returning a (post-link) function - is equivalent to registering the linking function via the
	 *   `link` property of the config object when the compile function is empty.
	 *
	 * * returning an object with function(s) registered via `pre` and `post` properties - allows you to
	 *   control when a linking function should be called during the linking phase. See info about
	 *   pre-linking and post-linking functions below.
	 *
	 *
	 * #### `link`
	 * This property is used only if the `compile` property is not defined.
	 *
	 * ```js
	 *   function link(scope, iElement, iAttrs, controller, transcludeFn) { ... }
	 * ```
	 *
	 * The link function is responsible for registering DOM listeners as well as updating the DOM. It is
	 * executed after the template has been cloned. This is where most of the directive logic will be
	 * put.
	 *
	 *   * `scope` - {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope Scope} - The scope to be used by the
	 *     directive for registering {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$watch watches}.
	 *
	 *   * `iElement` - instance element - The element where the directive is to be used. It is safe to
	 *     manipulate the children of the element only in `postLink` function since the children have
	 *     already been linked.
	 *
	 *   * `iAttrs` - instance attributes - Normalized list of attributes declared on this element shared
	 *     between all directive linking functions.
	 *
	 *   * `controller` - the directive's required controller instance(s) - Instances are shared
	 *     among all directives, which allows the directives to use the controllers as a communication
	 *     channel. The exact value depends on the directive's `require` property:
	 *       * `string`: the controller instance
	 *       * `array`: array of controller instances
	 *       * no controller(s) required: `undefined`
	 *
	 *     If a required controller cannot be found, and it is optional, the instance is `null`,
	 *     otherwise the {@link error:$compile:ctreq Missing Required Controller} error is thrown.
	 *
	 *   * `transcludeFn` - A transclude linking function pre-bound to the correct transclusion scope.
	 *     This is the same as the `$transclude`
	 *     parameter of directive controllers, see there for details.
	 *     `function([scope], cloneLinkingFn, futureParentElement)`.
	 *
	 * #### Pre-linking function
	 *
	 * Executed before the child elements are linked. Not safe to do DOM transformation since the
	 * compiler linking function will fail to locate the correct elements for linking.
	 *
	 * #### Post-linking function
	 *
	 * Executed after the child elements are linked.
	 *
	 * Note that child elements that contain `templateUrl` directives will not have been compiled
	 * and linked since they are waiting for their template to load asynchronously and their own
	 * compilation and linking has been suspended until that occurs.
	 *
	 * It is safe to do DOM transformation in the post-linking function on elements that are not waiting
	 * for their async templates to be resolved.
	 *
	 *
	 * ### Transclusion
	 *
	 * Transclusion is the process of extracting a collection of DOM element from one part of the DOM and
	 * copying them to another part of the DOM, while maintaining their connection to the original AngularJS
	 * scope from where they were taken.
	 *
	 * Transclusion is used (often with {@link ngTransclude}) to insert the
	 * original contents of a directive's element into a specified place in the template of the directive.
	 * The benefit of transclusion, over simply moving the DOM elements manually, is that the transcluded
	 * content has access to the properties on the scope from which it was taken, even if the directive
	 * has isolated scope.
	 * See the {@link guide/directive#creating-a-directive-that-wraps-other-elements Directives Guide}.
	 *
	 * This makes it possible for the widget to have private state for its template, while the transcluded
	 * content has access to its originating scope.
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-warning">
	 * **Note:** When testing an element transclude directive you must not place the directive at the root of the
	 * DOM fragment that is being compiled. See {@link guide/unit-testing#testing-transclusion-directives
	 * Testing Transclusion Directives}.
	 * </div>
	 *
	 * #### Transclusion Functions
	 *
	 * When a directive requests transclusion, the compiler extracts its contents and provides a **transclusion
	 * function** to the directive's `link` function and `controller`. This transclusion function is a special
	 * **linking function** that will return the compiled contents linked to a new transclusion scope.
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-info">
	 * If you are just using {@link ngTransclude} then you don't need to worry about this function, since
	 * ngTransclude will deal with it for us.
	 * </div>
	 *
	 * If you want to manually control the insertion and removal of the transcluded content in your directive
	 * then you must use this transclude function. When you call a transclude function it returns a a jqLite/JQuery
	 * object that contains the compiled DOM, which is linked to the correct transclusion scope.
	 *
	 * When you call a transclusion function you can pass in a **clone attach function**. This function accepts
	 * two parameters, `function(clone, scope) { ... }`, where the `clone` is a fresh compiled copy of your transcluded
	 * content and the `scope` is the newly created transclusion scope, to which the clone is bound.
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-info">
	 * **Best Practice**: Always provide a `cloneFn` (clone attach function) when you call a translude function
	 * since you then get a fresh clone of the original DOM and also have access to the new transclusion scope.
	 * </div>
	 *
	 * It is normal practice to attach your transcluded content (`clone`) to the DOM inside your **clone
	 * attach function**:
	 *
	 * ```js
	 * var transcludedContent, transclusionScope;
	 *
	 * $transclude(function(clone, scope) {
	 *   element.append(clone);
	 *   transcludedContent = clone;
	 *   transclusionScope = scope;
	 * });
	 * ```
	 *
	 * Later, if you want to remove the transcluded content from your DOM then you should also destroy the
	 * associated transclusion scope:
	 *
	 * ```js
	 * transcludedContent.remove();
	 * transclusionScope.$destroy();
	 * ```
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-info">
	 * **Best Practice**: if you intend to add and remove transcluded content manually in your directive
	 * (by calling the transclude function to get the DOM and calling `element.remove()` to remove it),
	 * then you are also responsible for calling `$destroy` on the transclusion scope.
	 * </div>
	 *
	 * The built-in DOM manipulation directives, such as {@link ngIf}, {@link ngSwitch} and {@link ngRepeat}
	 * automatically destroy their transluded clones as necessary so you do not need to worry about this if
	 * you are simply using {@link ngTransclude} to inject the transclusion into your directive.
	 *
	 *
	 * #### Transclusion Scopes
	 *
	 * When you call a transclude function it returns a DOM fragment that is pre-bound to a **transclusion
	 * scope**. This scope is special, in that it is a child of the directive's scope (and so gets destroyed
	 * when the directive's scope gets destroyed) but it inherits the properties of the scope from which it
	 * was taken.
	 *
	 * For example consider a directive that uses transclusion and isolated scope. The DOM hierarchy might look
	 * like this:
	 *
	 * ```html
	 * <div ng-app>
	 *   <div isolate>
	 *     <div transclusion>
	 *     </div>
	 *   </div>
	 * </div>
	 * ```
	 *
	 * The `$parent` scope hierarchy will look like this:
	 *
	 * ```
	 * - $rootScope
	 *   - isolate
	 *     - transclusion
	 * ```
	 *
	 * but the scopes will inherit prototypically from different scopes to their `$parent`.
	 *
	 * ```
	 * - $rootScope
	 *   - transclusion
	 * - isolate
	 * ```
	 *
	 *
	 * ### Attributes
	 *
	 * The {@link ng.$compile.directive.Attributes Attributes} object - passed as a parameter in the
	 * `link()` or `compile()` functions. It has a variety of uses.
	 *
	 * accessing *Normalized attribute names:*
	 * Directives like 'ngBind' can be expressed in many ways: 'ng:bind', `data-ng-bind`, or 'x-ng-bind'.
	 * the attributes object allows for normalized access to
	 *   the attributes.
	 *
	 * * *Directive inter-communication:* All directives share the same instance of the attributes
	 *   object which allows the directives to use the attributes object as inter directive
	 *   communication.
	 *
	 * * *Supports interpolation:* Interpolation attributes are assigned to the attribute object
	 *   allowing other directives to read the interpolated value.
	 *
	 * * *Observing interpolated attributes:* Use `$observe` to observe the value changes of attributes
	 *   that contain interpolation (e.g. `src="{{bar}}"`). Not only is this very efficient but it's also
	 *   the only way to easily get the actual value because during the linking phase the interpolation
	 *   hasn't been evaluated yet and so the value is at this time set to `undefined`.
	 *
	 * ```js
	 * function linkingFn(scope, elm, attrs, ctrl) {
	 *   // get the attribute value
	 *   console.log(attrs.ngModel);
	 *
	 *   // change the attribute
	 *   attrs.$set('ngModel', 'new value');
	 *
	 *   // observe changes to interpolated attribute
	 *   attrs.$observe('ngModel', function(value) {
	 *     console.log('ngModel has changed value to ' + value);
	 *   });
	 * }
	 * ```
	 *
	 * ## Example
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-warning">
	 * **Note**: Typically directives are registered with `module.directive`. The example below is
	 * to illustrate how `$compile` works.
	 * </div>
	 *
	 <example module="compileExample">
	   <file name="index.html">
	    <script>
	      angular.module('compileExample', [], function($compileProvider) {
	        // configure new 'compile' directive by passing a directive
	        // factory function. The factory function injects the '$compile'
	        $compileProvider.directive('compile', function($compile) {
	          // directive factory creates a link function
	          return function(scope, element, attrs) {
	            scope.$watch(
	              function(scope) {
	                 // watch the 'compile' expression for changes
	                return scope.$eval(attrs.compile);
	              },
	              function(value) {
	                // when the 'compile' expression changes
	                // assign it into the current DOM
	                element.html(value);

	                // compile the new DOM and link it to the current
	                // scope.
	                // NOTE: we only compile .childNodes so that
	                // we don't get into infinite loop compiling ourselves
	                $compile(element.contents())(scope);
	              }
	            );
	          };
	        });
	      })
	      .controller('GreeterController', ['$scope', function($scope) {
	        $scope.name = 'Angular';
	        $scope.html = 'Hello {{name}}';
	      }]);
	    </script>
	    <div ng-controller="GreeterController">
	      <input ng-model="name"> <br/>
	      <textarea ng-model="html"></textarea> <br/>
	      <div compile="html"></div>
	    </div>
	   </file>
	   <file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
	     it('should auto compile', function() {
	       var textarea = $('textarea');
	       var output = $('div[compile]');
	       // The initial state reads 'Hello Angular'.
	       expect(output.getText()).toBe('Hello Angular');
	       textarea.clear();
	       textarea.sendKeys('{{name}}!');
	       expect(output.getText()).toBe('Angular!');
	     });
	   </file>
	 </example>

	 *
	 *
	 * @param {string|DOMElement} element Element or HTML string to compile into a template function.
	 * @param {function(angular.Scope, cloneAttachFn=)} transclude function available to directives - DEPRECATED.
	 *
	 * <div class="alert alert-danger">
	 * **Note:** Passing a `transclude` function to the $compile function is deprecated, as it
	 *   e.g. will not use the right outer scope. Please pass the transclude function as a
	 *   `parentBoundTranscludeFn` to the link function instead.
	 * </div>
	 *
	 * @param {number} maxPriority only apply directives lower than given priority (Only effects the
	 *                 root element(s), not their children)
	 * @returns {function(scope, cloneAttachFn=, options=)} a link function which is used to bind template
	 * (a DOM element/tree) to a scope. Where:
	 *
	 *  * `scope` - A {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope Scope} to bind to.
	 *  * `cloneAttachFn` - If `cloneAttachFn` is provided, then the link function will clone the
	 *  `template` and call the `cloneAttachFn` function allowing the caller to attach the
	 *  cloned elements to the DOM document at the appropriate place. The `cloneAttachFn` is
	 *  called as: <br/> `cloneAttachFn(clonedElement, scope)` where:
	 *
	 *      * `clonedElement` - is a clone of the original `element` passed into the compiler.
	 *      * `scope` - is the current scope with which the linking function is working with.
	 *
	 *  * `options` - An optional object hash with linking options. If `options` is provided, then the following
	 *  keys may be used to control linking behavior:
	 *
	 *      * `parentBoundTranscludeFn` - the transclude function made available to
	 *        directives; if given, it will be passed through to the link functions of
	 *        directives found in `element` during compilation.
	 *      * `transcludeControllers` - an object hash with keys that map controller names
	 *        to controller instances; if given, it will make the controllers
	 *        available to directives.
	 *      * `futureParentElement` - defines the parent to which the `cloneAttachFn` will add
	 *        the cloned elements; only needed for transcludes that are allowed to contain non html
	 *        elements (e.g. SVG elements). See also the directive.controller property.
	 *
	 * Calling the linking function returns the element of the template. It is either the original
	 * element passed in, or the clone of the element if the `cloneAttachFn` is provided.
	 *
	 * After linking the view is not updated until after a call to $digest which typically is done by
	 * Angular automatically.
	 *
	 * If you need access to the bound view, there are two ways to do it:
	 *
	 * - If you are not asking the linking function to clone the template, create the DOM element(s)
	 *   before you send them to the compiler and keep this reference around.
	 *   ```js
	 *     var element = $compile('<p>{{total}}</p>')(scope);
	 *   ```
	 *
	 * - if on the other hand, you need the element to be cloned, the view reference from the original
	 *   example would not point to the clone, but rather to the original template that was cloned. In
	 *   this case, you can access the clone via the cloneAttachFn:
	 *   ```js
	 *     var templateElement = angular.element('<p>{{total}}</p>'),
	 *         scope = ....;
	 *
	 *     var clonedElement = $compile(templateElement)(scope, function(clonedElement, scope) {
	 *       //attach the clone to DOM document at the right place
	 *     });
	 *
	 *     //now we have reference to the cloned DOM via `clonedElement`
	 *   ```
	 *
	 *
	 * For information on how the compiler works, see the
	 * {@link guide/compiler Angular HTML Compiler} section of the Developer Guide.
	 */

	var $compileMinErr = minErr('$compile');

	/**
	 * @ngdoc provider
	 * @name $compileProvider
	 *
	 * @description
	 */
	$CompileProvider.$inject = ['$provide', '$$sanitizeUriProvider'];
	function $CompileProvider($provide, $$sanitizeUriProvider) {
	  var hasDirectives = {},
	      Suffix = 'Directive',
	      COMMENT_DIRECTIVE_REGEXP = /^\s*directive\:\s*([\w\-]+)\s+(.*)$/,
	      CLASS_DIRECTIVE_REGEXP = /(([\w\-]+)(?:\:([^;]+))?;?)/,
	      ALL_OR_NOTHING_ATTRS = makeMap('ngSrc,ngSrcset,src,srcset'),
	      REQUIRE_PREFIX_REGEXP = /^(?:(\^\^?)?(\?)?(\^\^?)?)?/;

	  // Ref: http://developers.whatwg.org/webappapis.html#event-handler-idl-attributes
	  // The assumption is that future DOM event attribute names will begin with
	  // 'on' and be composed of only English letters.
	  var EVENT_HANDLER_ATTR_REGEXP = /^(on[a-z]+|formaction)$/;

	  function parseIsolateBindings(scope, directiveName, isController) {
	    var LOCAL_REGEXP = /^\s*([@&]|=(\*?))(\??)\s*(\w*)\s*$/;

	    var bindings = {};

	    forEach(scope, function(definition, scopeName) {
	      var match = definition.match(LOCAL_REGEXP);

	      if (!match) {
	        throw $compileMinErr('iscp',
	            "Invalid {3} for directive '{0}'." +
	            " Definition: {... {1}: '{2}' ...}",
	            directiveName, scopeName, definition,
	            (isController ? "controller bindings definition" :
	            "isolate scope definition"));
	      }

	      bindings[scopeName] = {
	        mode: match[1][0],
	        collection: match[2] === '*',
	        optional: match[3] === '?',
	        attrName: match[4] || scopeName
	      };
	    });

	    return bindings;
	  }

	  function parseDirectiveBindings(directive, directiveName) {
	    var bindings = {
	      isolateScope: null,
	      bindToController: null
	    };
	    if (isObject(directive.scope)) {
	      if (directive.bindToController === true) {
	        bindings.bindToController = parseIsolateBindings(directive.scope,
	                                                         directiveName, true);
	        bindings.isolateScope = {};
	      } else {
	        bindings.isolateScope = parseIsolateBindings(directive.scope,
	                                                     directiveName, false);
	      }
	    }
	    if (isObject(directive.bindToController)) {
	      bindings.bindToController =
	          parseIsolateBindings(directive.bindToController, directiveName, true);
	    }
	    if (isObject(bindings.bindToController)) {
	      var controller = directive.controller;
	      var controllerAs = directive.controllerAs;
	      if (!controller) {
	        // There is no controller, there may or may not be a controllerAs property
	        throw $compileMinErr('noctrl',
	              "Cannot bind to controller without directive '{0}'s controller.",
	              directiveName);
	      } else if (!identifierForController(controller, controllerAs)) {
	        // There is a controller, but no identifier or controllerAs property
	        throw $compileMinErr('noident',
	              "Cannot bind to controller without identifier for directive '{0}'.",
	              directiveName);
	      }
	    }
	    return bindings;
	  }

	  function assertValidDirectiveName(name) {
	    var letter = name.charAt(0);
	    if (!letter || letter !== lowercase(letter)) {
	      throw $compileMinErr('baddir', "Directive name '{0}' is invalid. The first character must be a lowercase letter", name);
	    }
	  }

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $compileProvider#directive
	   * @kind function
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Register a new directive with the compiler.
	   *
	   * @param {string|Object} name Name of the directive in camel-case (i.e. <code>ngBind</code> which
	   *    will match as <code>ng-bind</code>), or an object map of directives where the keys are the
	   *    names and the values are the factories.
	   * @param {Function|Array} directiveFactory An injectable directive factory function. See
	   *    {@link guide/directive} for more info.
	   * @returns {ng.$compileProvider} Self for chaining.
	   */
	   this.directive = function registerDirective(name, directiveFactory) {
	    assertNotHasOwnProperty(name, 'directive');
	    if (isString(name)) {
	      assertValidDirectiveName(name);
	      assertArg(directiveFactory, 'directiveFactory');
	      if (!hasDirectives.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
	        hasDirectives[name] = [];
	        $provide.factory(name + Suffix, ['$injector', '$exceptionHandler',
	          function($injector, $exceptionHandler) {
	            var directives = [];
	            forEach(hasDirectives[name], function(directiveFactory, index) {
	              try {
	                var directive = $injector.invoke(directiveFactory);
	                if (isFunction(directive)) {
	                  directive = { compile: valueFn(directive) };
	                } else if (!directive.compile && directive.link) {
	                  directive.compile = valueFn(directive.link);
	                }
	                directive.priority = directive.priority || 0;
	                directive.index = index;
	                directive.name = directive.name || name;
	                directive.require = directive.require || (directive.controller && directive.name);
	                directive.restrict = directive.restrict || 'EA';
	                var bindings = directive.$$bindings =
	                    parseDirectiveBindings(directive, directive.name);
	                if (isObject(bindings.isolateScope)) {
	                  directive.$$isolateBindings = bindings.isolateScope;
	                }
	                directives.push(directive);
	              } catch (e) {
	                $exceptionHandler(e);
	              }
	            });
	            return directives;
	          }]);
	      }
	      hasDirectives[name].push(directiveFactory);
	    } else {
	      forEach(name, reverseParams(registerDirective));
	    }
	    return this;
	  };


	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $compileProvider#aHrefSanitizationWhitelist
	   * @kind function
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Retrieves or overrides the default regular expression that is used for whitelisting of safe
	   * urls during a[href] sanitization.
	   *
	   * The sanitization is a security measure aimed at preventing XSS attacks via html links.
	   *
	   * Any url about to be assigned to a[href] via data-binding is first normalized and turned into
	   * an absolute url. Afterwards, the url is matched against the `aHrefSanitizationWhitelist`
	   * regular expression. If a match is found, the original url is written into the dom. Otherwise,
	   * the absolute url is prefixed with `'unsafe:'` string and only then is it written into the DOM.
	   *
	   * @param {RegExp=} regexp New regexp to whitelist urls with.
	   * @returns {RegExp|ng.$compileProvider} Current RegExp if called without value or self for
	   *    chaining otherwise.
	   */
	  this.aHrefSanitizationWhitelist = function(regexp) {
	    if (isDefined(regexp)) {
	      $$sanitizeUriProvider.aHrefSanitizationWhitelist(regexp);
	      return this;
	    } else {
	      return $$sanitizeUriProvider.aHrefSanitizationWhitelist();
	    }
	  };


	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $compileProvider#imgSrcSanitizationWhitelist
	   * @kind function
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Retrieves or overrides the default regular expression that is used for whitelisting of safe
	   * urls during img[src] sanitization.
	   *
	   * The sanitization is a security measure aimed at prevent XSS attacks via html links.
	   *
	   * Any url about to be assigned to img[src] via data-binding is first normalized and turned into
	   * an absolute url. Afterwards, the url is matched against the `imgSrcSanitizationWhitelist`
	   * regular expression. If a match is found, the original url is written into the dom. Otherwise,
	   * the absolute url is prefixed with `'unsafe:'` string and only then is it written into the DOM.
	   *
	   * @param {RegExp=} regexp New regexp to whitelist urls with.
	   * @returns {RegExp|ng.$compileProvider} Current RegExp if called without value or self for
	   *    chaining otherwise.
	   */
	  this.imgSrcSanitizationWhitelist = function(regexp) {
	    if (isDefined(regexp)) {
	      $$sanitizeUriProvider.imgSrcSanitizationWhitelist(regexp);
	      return this;
	    } else {
	      return $$sanitizeUriProvider.imgSrcSanitizationWhitelist();
	    }
	  };

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name  $compileProvider#debugInfoEnabled
	   *
	   * @param {boolean=} enabled update the debugInfoEnabled state if provided, otherwise just return the
	   * current debugInfoEnabled state
	   * @returns {*} current value if used as getter or itself (chaining) if used as setter
	   *
	   * @kind function
	   *
	   * @description
	   * Call this method to enable/disable various debug runtime information in the compiler such as adding
	   * binding information and a reference to the current scope on to DOM elements.
	   * If enabled, the compiler will add the following to DOM elements that have been bound to the scope
	   * * `ng-binding` CSS class
	   * * `$binding` data property containing an array of the binding expressions
	   *
	   * You may want to disable this in production for a significant performance boost. See
	   * {@link guide/production#disabling-debug-data Disabling Debug Data} for more.
	   *
	   * The default value is true.
	   */
	  var debugInfoEnabled = true;
	  this.debugInfoEnabled = function(enabled) {
	    if (isDefined(enabled)) {
	      debugInfoEnabled = enabled;
	      return this;
	    }
	    return debugInfoEnabled;
	  };

	  this.$get = [
	            '$injector', '$interpolate', '$exceptionHandler', '$templateRequest', '$parse',
	            '$controller', '$rootScope', '$document', '$sce', '$animate', '$$sanitizeUri',
	    function($injector,   $interpolate,   $exceptionHandler,   $templateRequest,   $parse,
	             $controller,   $rootScope,   $document,   $sce,   $animate,   $$sanitizeUri) {

	    var Attributes = function(element, attributesToCopy) {
	      if (attributesToCopy) {
	        var keys = Object.keys(attributesToCopy);
	        var i, l, key;

	        for (i = 0, l = keys.length; i < l; i++) {
	          key = keys[i];
	          this[key] = attributesToCopy[key];
	        }
	      } else {
	        this.$attr = {};
	      }

	      this.$$element = element;
	    };

	    Attributes.prototype = {
	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $compile.directive.Attributes#$normalize
	       * @kind function
	       *
	       * @description
	       * Converts an attribute name (e.g. dash/colon/underscore-delimited string, optionally prefixed with `x-` or
	       * `data-`) to its normalized, camelCase form.
	       *
	       * Also there is special case for Moz prefix starting with upper case letter.
	       *
	       * For further information check out the guide on {@link guide/directive#matching-directives Matching Directives}
	       *
	       * @param {string} name Name to normalize
	       */
	      $normalize: directiveNormalize,


	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $compile.directive.Attributes#$addClass
	       * @kind function
	       *
	       * @description
	       * Adds the CSS class value specified by the classVal parameter to the element. If animations
	       * are enabled then an animation will be triggered for the class addition.
	       *
	       * @param {string} classVal The className value that will be added to the element
	       */
	      $addClass: function(classVal) {
	        if (classVal && classVal.length > 0) {
	          $animate.addClass(this.$$element, classVal);
	        }
	      },

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $compile.directive.Attributes#$removeClass
	       * @kind function
	       *
	       * @description
	       * Removes the CSS class value specified by the classVal parameter from the element. If
	       * animations are enabled then an animation will be triggered for the class removal.
	       *
	       * @param {string} classVal The className value that will be removed from the element
	       */
	      $removeClass: function(classVal) {
	        if (classVal && classVal.length > 0) {
	          $animate.removeClass(this.$$element, classVal);
	        }
	      },

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $compile.directive.Attributes#$updateClass
	       * @kind function
	       *
	       * @description
	       * Adds and removes the appropriate CSS class values to the element based on the difference
	       * between the new and old CSS class values (specified as newClasses and oldClasses).
	       *
	       * @param {string} newClasses The current CSS className value
	       * @param {string} oldClasses The former CSS className value
	       */
	      $updateClass: function(newClasses, oldClasses) {
	        var toAdd = tokenDifference(newClasses, oldClasses);
	        if (toAdd && toAdd.length) {
	          $animate.addClass(this.$$element, toAdd);
	        }

	        var toRemove = tokenDifference(oldClasses, newClasses);
	        if (toRemove && toRemove.length) {
	          $animate.removeClass(this.$$element, toRemove);
	        }
	      },

	      /**
	       * Set a normalized attribute on the element in a way such that all directives
	       * can share the attribute. This function properly handles boolean attributes.
	       * @param {string} key Normalized key. (ie ngAttribute)
	       * @param {string|boolean} value The value to set. If `null` attribute will be deleted.
	       * @param {boolean=} writeAttr If false, does not write the value to DOM element attribute.
	       *     Defaults to true.
	       * @param {string=} attrName Optional none normalized name. Defaults to key.
	       */
	      $set: function(key, value, writeAttr, attrName) {
	        // TODO: decide whether or not to throw an error if "class"
	        //is set through this function since it may cause $updateClass to
	        //become unstable.

	        var node = this.$$element[0],
	            booleanKey = getBooleanAttrName(node, key),
	            aliasedKey = getAliasedAttrName(node, key),
	            observer = key,
	            nodeName;

	        if (booleanKey) {
	          this.$$element.prop(key, value);
	          attrName = booleanKey;
	        } else if (aliasedKey) {
	          this[aliasedKey] = value;
	          observer = aliasedKey;
	        }

	        this[key] = value;

	        // translate normalized key to actual key
	        if (attrName) {
	          this.$attr[key] = attrName;
	        } else {
	          attrName = this.$attr[key];
	          if (!attrName) {
	            this.$attr[key] = attrName = snake_case(key, '-');
	          }
	        }

	        nodeName = nodeName_(this.$$element);

	        if ((nodeName === 'a' && key === 'href') ||
	            (nodeName === 'img' && key === 'src')) {
	          // sanitize a[href] and img[src] values
	          this[key] = value = $$sanitizeUri(value, key === 'src');
	        } else if (nodeName === 'img' && key === 'srcset') {
	          // sanitize img[srcset] values
	          var result = "";

	          // first check if there are spaces because it's not the same pattern
	          var trimmedSrcset = trim(value);
	          //                (   999x   ,|   999w   ,|   ,|,   )
	          var srcPattern = /(\s+\d+x\s*,|\s+\d+w\s*,|\s+,|,\s+)/;
	          var pattern = /\s/.test(trimmedSrcset) ? srcPattern : /(,)/;

	          // split srcset into tuple of uri and descriptor except for the last item
	          var rawUris = trimmedSrcset.split(pattern);

	          // for each tuples
	          var nbrUrisWith2parts = Math.floor(rawUris.length / 2);
	          for (var i = 0; i < nbrUrisWith2parts; i++) {
	            var innerIdx = i * 2;
	            // sanitize the uri
	            result += $$sanitizeUri(trim(rawUris[innerIdx]), true);
	            // add the descriptor
	            result += (" " + trim(rawUris[innerIdx + 1]));
	          }

	          // split the last item into uri and descriptor
	          var lastTuple = trim(rawUris[i * 2]).split(/\s/);

	          // sanitize the last uri
	          result += $$sanitizeUri(trim(lastTuple[0]), true);

	          // and add the last descriptor if any
	          if (lastTuple.length === 2) {
	            result += (" " + trim(lastTuple[1]));
	          }
	          this[key] = value = result;
	        }

	        if (writeAttr !== false) {
	          if (value === null || value === undefined) {
	            this.$$element.removeAttr(attrName);
	          } else {
	            this.$$element.attr(attrName, value);
	          }
	        }

	        // fire observers
	        var $$observers = this.$$observers;
	        $$observers && forEach($$observers[observer], function(fn) {
	          try {
	            fn(value);
	          } catch (e) {
	            $exceptionHandler(e);
	          }
	        });
	      },


	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $compile.directive.Attributes#$observe
	       * @kind function
	       *
	       * @description
	       * Observes an interpolated attribute.
	       *
	       * The observer function will be invoked once during the next `$digest` following
	       * compilation. The observer is then invoked whenever the interpolated value
	       * changes.
	       *
	       * @param {string} key Normalized key. (ie ngAttribute) .
	       * @param {function(interpolatedValue)} fn Function that will be called whenever
	                the interpolated value of the attribute changes.
	       *        See the {@link guide/directive#text-and-attribute-bindings Directives} guide for more info.
	       * @returns {function()} Returns a deregistration function for this observer.
	       */
	      $observe: function(key, fn) {
	        var attrs = this,
	            $$observers = (attrs.$$observers || (attrs.$$observers = createMap())),
	            listeners = ($$observers[key] || ($$observers[key] = []));

	        listeners.push(fn);
	        $rootScope.$evalAsync(function() {
	          if (!listeners.$$inter && attrs.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
	            // no one registered attribute interpolation function, so lets call it manually
	            fn(attrs[key]);
	          }
	        });

	        return function() {
	          arrayRemove(listeners, fn);
	        };
	      }
	    };


	    function safeAddClass($element, className) {
	      try {
	        $element.addClass(className);
	      } catch (e) {
	        // ignore, since it means that we are trying to set class on
	        // SVG element, where class name is read-only.
	      }
	    }


	    var startSymbol = $interpolate.startSymbol(),
	        endSymbol = $interpolate.endSymbol(),
	        denormalizeTemplate = (startSymbol == '{{' || endSymbol  == '}}')
	            ? identity
	            : function denormalizeTemplate(template) {
	              return template.replace(/\{\{/g, startSymbol).replace(/}}/g, endSymbol);
	        },
	        NG_ATTR_BINDING = /^ngAttr[A-Z]/;

	    compile.$$addBindingInfo = debugInfoEnabled ? function $$addBindingInfo($element, binding) {
	      var bindings = $element.data('$binding') || [];

	      if (isArray(binding)) {
	        bindings = bindings.concat(binding);
	      } else {
	        bindings.push(binding);
	      }

	      $element.data('$binding', bindings);
	    } : noop;

	    compile.$$addBindingClass = debugInfoEnabled ? function $$addBindingClass($element) {
	      safeAddClass($element, 'ng-binding');
	    } : noop;

	    compile.$$addScopeInfo = debugInfoEnabled ? function $$addScopeInfo($element, scope, isolated, noTemplate) {
	      var dataName = isolated ? (noTemplate ? '$isolateScopeNoTemplate' : '$isolateScope') : '$scope';
	      $element.data(dataName, scope);
	    } : noop;

	    compile.$$addScopeClass = debugInfoEnabled ? function $$addScopeClass($element, isolated) {
	      safeAddClass($element, isolated ? 'ng-isolate-scope' : 'ng-scope');
	    } : noop;

	    return compile;

	    //================================

	    function compile($compileNodes, transcludeFn, maxPriority, ignoreDirective,
	                        previousCompileContext) {
	      if (!($compileNodes instanceof jqLite)) {
	        // jquery always rewraps, whereas we need to preserve the original selector so that we can
	        // modify it.
	        $compileNodes = jqLite($compileNodes);
	      }
	      // We can not compile top level text elements since text nodes can be merged and we will
	      // not be able to attach scope data to them, so we will wrap them in <span>
	      forEach($compileNodes, function(node, index) {
	        if (node.nodeType == NODE_TYPE_TEXT && node.nodeValue.match(/\S+/) /* non-empty */ ) {
	          $compileNodes[index] = jqLite(node).wrap('<span></span>').parent()[0];
	        }
	      });
	      var compositeLinkFn =
	              compileNodes($compileNodes, transcludeFn, $compileNodes,
	                           maxPriority, ignoreDirective, previousCompileContext);
	      compile.$$addScopeClass($compileNodes);
	      var namespace = null;
	      return function publicLinkFn(scope, cloneConnectFn, options) {
	        assertArg(scope, 'scope');

	        options = options || {};
	        var parentBoundTranscludeFn = options.parentBoundTranscludeFn,
	          transcludeControllers = options.transcludeControllers,
	          futureParentElement = options.futureParentElement;

	        // When `parentBoundTranscludeFn` is passed, it is a
	        // `controllersBoundTransclude` function (it was previously passed
	        // as `transclude` to directive.link) so we must unwrap it to get
	        // its `boundTranscludeFn`
	        if (parentBoundTranscludeFn && parentBoundTranscludeFn.$$boundTransclude) {
	          parentBoundTranscludeFn = parentBoundTranscludeFn.$$boundTransclude;
	        }

	        if (!namespace) {
	          namespace = detectNamespaceForChildElements(futureParentElement);
	        }
	        var $linkNode;
	        if (namespace !== 'html') {
	          // When using a directive with replace:true and templateUrl the $compileNodes
	          // (or a child element inside of them)
	          // might change, so we need to recreate the namespace adapted compileNodes
	          // for call to the link function.
	          // Note: This will already clone the nodes...
	          $linkNode = jqLite(
	            wrapTemplate(namespace, jqLite('<div>').append($compileNodes).html())
	          );
	        } else if (cloneConnectFn) {
	          // important!!: we must call our jqLite.clone() since the jQuery one is trying to be smart
	          // and sometimes changes the structure of the DOM.
	          $linkNode = JQLitePrototype.clone.call($compileNodes);
	        } else {
	          $linkNode = $compileNodes;
	        }

	        if (transcludeControllers) {
	          for (var controllerName in transcludeControllers) {
	            $linkNode.data('$' + controllerName + 'Controller', transcludeControllers[controllerName].instance);
	          }
	        }

	        compile.$$addScopeInfo($linkNode, scope);

	        if (cloneConnectFn) cloneConnectFn($linkNode, scope);
	        if (compositeLinkFn) compositeLinkFn(scope, $linkNode, $linkNode, parentBoundTranscludeFn);
	        return $linkNode;
	      };
	    }

	    function detectNamespaceForChildElements(parentElement) {
	      // TODO: Make this detect MathML as well...
	      var node = parentElement && parentElement[0];
	      if (!node) {
	        return 'html';
	      } else {
	        return nodeName_(node) !== 'foreignobject' && node.toString().match(/SVG/) ? 'svg' : 'html';
	      }
	    }

	    /**
	     * Compile function matches each node in nodeList against the directives. Once all directives
	     * for a particular node are collected their compile functions are executed. The compile
	     * functions return values - the linking functions - are combined into a composite linking
	     * function, which is the a linking function for the node.
	     *
	     * @param {NodeList} nodeList an array of nodes or NodeList to compile
	     * @param {function(angular.Scope, cloneAttachFn=)} transcludeFn A linking function, where the
	     *        scope argument is auto-generated to the new child of the transcluded parent scope.
	     * @param {DOMElement=} $rootElement If the nodeList is the root of the compilation tree then
	     *        the rootElement must be set the jqLite collection of the compile root. This is
	     *        needed so that the jqLite collection items can be replaced with widgets.
	     * @param {number=} maxPriority Max directive priority.
	     * @returns {Function} A composite linking function of all of the matched directives or null.
	     */
	    function compileNodes(nodeList, transcludeFn, $rootElement, maxPriority, ignoreDirective,
	                            previousCompileContext) {
	      var linkFns = [],
	          attrs, directives, nodeLinkFn, childNodes, childLinkFn, linkFnFound, nodeLinkFnFound;

	      for (var i = 0; i < nodeList.length; i++) {
	        attrs = new Attributes();

	        // we must always refer to nodeList[i] since the nodes can be replaced underneath us.
	        directives = collectDirectives(nodeList[i], [], attrs, i === 0 ? maxPriority : undefined,
	                                        ignoreDirective);

	        nodeLinkFn = (directives.length)
	            ? applyDirectivesToNode(directives, nodeList[i], attrs, transcludeFn, $rootElement,
	                                      null, [], [], previousCompileContext)
	            : null;

	        if (nodeLinkFn && nodeLinkFn.scope) {
	          compile.$$addScopeClass(attrs.$$element);
	        }

	        childLinkFn = (nodeLinkFn && nodeLinkFn.terminal ||
	                      !(childNodes = nodeList[i].childNodes) ||
	                      !childNodes.length)
	            ? null
	            : compileNodes(childNodes,
	                 nodeLinkFn ? (
	                  (nodeLinkFn.transcludeOnThisElement || !nodeLinkFn.templateOnThisElement)
	                     && nodeLinkFn.transclude) : transcludeFn);

	        if (nodeLinkFn || childLinkFn) {
	          linkFns.push(i, nodeLinkFn, childLinkFn);
	          linkFnFound = true;
	          nodeLinkFnFound = nodeLinkFnFound || nodeLinkFn;
	        }

	        //use the previous context only for the first element in the virtual group
	        previousCompileContext = null;
	      }

	      // return a linking function if we have found anything, null otherwise
	      return linkFnFound ? compositeLinkFn : null;

	      function compositeLinkFn(scope, nodeList, $rootElement, parentBoundTranscludeFn) {
	        var nodeLinkFn, childLinkFn, node, childScope, i, ii, idx, childBoundTranscludeFn;
	        var stableNodeList;


	        if (nodeLinkFnFound) {
	          // copy nodeList so that if a nodeLinkFn removes or adds an element at this DOM level our
	          // offsets don't get screwed up
	          var nodeListLength = nodeList.length;
	          stableNodeList = new Array(nodeListLength);

	          // create a sparse array by only copying the elements which have a linkFn
	          for (i = 0; i < linkFns.length; i+=3) {
	            idx = linkFns[i];
	            stableNodeList[idx] = nodeList[idx];
	          }
	        } else {
	          stableNodeList = nodeList;
	        }

	        for (i = 0, ii = linkFns.length; i < ii;) {
	          node = stableNodeList[linkFns[i++]];
	          nodeLinkFn = linkFns[i++];
	          childLinkFn = linkFns[i++];

	          if (nodeLinkFn) {
	            if (nodeLinkFn.scope) {
	              childScope = scope.$new();
	              compile.$$addScopeInfo(jqLite(node), childScope);
	              var destroyBindings = nodeLinkFn.$$destroyBindings;
	              if (destroyBindings) {
	                nodeLinkFn.$$destroyBindings = null;
	                childScope.$on('$destroyed', destroyBindings);
	              }
	            } else {
	              childScope = scope;
	            }

	            if (nodeLinkFn.transcludeOnThisElement) {
	              childBoundTranscludeFn = createBoundTranscludeFn(
	                  scope, nodeLinkFn.transclude, parentBoundTranscludeFn,
	                  nodeLinkFn.elementTranscludeOnThisElement);

	            } else if (!nodeLinkFn.templateOnThisElement && parentBoundTranscludeFn) {
	              childBoundTranscludeFn = parentBoundTranscludeFn;

	            } else if (!parentBoundTranscludeFn && transcludeFn) {
	              childBoundTranscludeFn = createBoundTranscludeFn(scope, transcludeFn);

	            } else {
	              childBoundTranscludeFn = null;
	            }

	            nodeLinkFn(childLinkFn, childScope, node, $rootElement, childBoundTranscludeFn,
	                       nodeLinkFn);

	          } else if (childLinkFn) {
	            childLinkFn(scope, node.childNodes, undefined, parentBoundTranscludeFn);
	          }
	        }
	      }
	    }

	    function createBoundTranscludeFn(scope, transcludeFn, previousBoundTranscludeFn, elementTransclusion) {

	      var boundTranscludeFn = function(transcludedScope, cloneFn, controllers, futureParentElement, containingScope) {

	        if (!transcludedScope) {
	          transcludedScope = scope.$new(false, containingScope);
	          transcludedScope.$$transcluded = true;
	        }

	        return transcludeFn(transcludedScope, cloneFn, {
	          parentBoundTranscludeFn: previousBoundTranscludeFn,
	          transcludeControllers: controllers,
	          futureParentElement: futureParentElement
	        });
	      };

	      return boundTranscludeFn;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Looks for directives on the given node and adds them to the directive collection which is
	     * sorted.
	     *
	     * @param node Node to search.
	     * @param directives An array to which the directives are added to. This array is sorted before
	     *        the function returns.
	     * @param attrs The shared attrs object which is used to populate the normalized attributes.
	     * @param {number=} maxPriority Max directive priority.
	     */
	    function collectDirectives(node, directives, attrs, maxPriority, ignoreDirective) {
	      var nodeType = node.nodeType,
	          attrsMap = attrs.$attr,
	          match,
	          className;

	      switch (nodeType) {
	        case NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT: /* Element */
	          // use the node name: <directive>
	          addDirective(directives,
	              directiveNormalize(nodeName_(node)), 'E', maxPriority, ignoreDirective);

	          // iterate over the attributes
	          for (var attr, name, nName, ngAttrName, value, isNgAttr, nAttrs = node.attributes,
	                   j = 0, jj = nAttrs && nAttrs.length; j < jj; j++) {
	            var attrStartName = false;
	            var attrEndName = false;

	            attr = nAttrs[j];
	            name = attr.name;
	            value = trim(attr.value);

	            // support ngAttr attribute binding
	            ngAttrName = directiveNormalize(name);
	            if (isNgAttr = NG_ATTR_BINDING.test(ngAttrName)) {
	              name = name.replace(PREFIX_REGEXP, '')
	                .substr(8).replace(/_(.)/g, function(match, letter) {
	                  return letter.toUpperCase();
	                });
	            }

	            var directiveNName = ngAttrName.replace(/(Start|End)$/, '');
	            if (directiveIsMultiElement(directiveNName)) {
	              if (ngAttrName === directiveNName + 'Start') {
	                attrStartName = name;
	                attrEndName = name.substr(0, name.length - 5) + 'end';
	                name = name.substr(0, name.length - 6);
	              }
	            }

	            nName = directiveNormalize(name.toLowerCase());
	            attrsMap[nName] = name;
	            if (isNgAttr || !attrs.hasOwnProperty(nName)) {
	                attrs[nName] = value;
	                if (getBooleanAttrName(node, nName)) {
	                  attrs[nName] = true; // presence means true
	                }
	            }
	            addAttrInterpolateDirective(node, directives, value, nName, isNgAttr);
	            addDirective(directives, nName, 'A', maxPriority, ignoreDirective, attrStartName,
	                          attrEndName);
	          }

	          // use class as directive
	          className = node.className;
	          if (isObject(className)) {
	              // Maybe SVGAnimatedString
	              className = className.animVal;
	          }
	          if (isString(className) && className !== '') {
	            while (match = CLASS_DIRECTIVE_REGEXP.exec(className)) {
	              nName = directiveNormalize(match[2]);
	              if (addDirective(directives, nName, 'C', maxPriority, ignoreDirective)) {
	                attrs[nName] = trim(match[3]);
	              }
	              className = className.substr(match.index + match[0].length);
	            }
	          }
	          break;
	        case NODE_TYPE_TEXT: /* Text Node */
	          addTextInterpolateDirective(directives, node.nodeValue);
	          break;
	        case NODE_TYPE_COMMENT: /* Comment */
	          try {
	            match = COMMENT_DIRECTIVE_REGEXP.exec(node.nodeValue);
	            if (match) {
	              nName = directiveNormalize(match[1]);
	              if (addDirective(directives, nName, 'M', maxPriority, ignoreDirective)) {
	                attrs[nName] = trim(match[2]);
	              }
	            }
	          } catch (e) {
	            // turns out that under some circumstances IE9 throws errors when one attempts to read
	            // comment's node value.
	            // Just ignore it and continue. (Can't seem to reproduce in test case.)
	          }
	          break;
	      }

	      directives.sort(byPriority);
	      return directives;
	    }

	    /**
	     * Given a node with an directive-start it collects all of the siblings until it finds
	     * directive-end.
	     * @param node
	     * @param attrStart
	     * @param attrEnd
	     * @returns {*}
	     */
	    function groupScan(node, attrStart, attrEnd) {
	      var nodes = [];
	      var depth = 0;
	      if (attrStart && node.hasAttribute && node.hasAttribute(attrStart)) {
	        do {
	          if (!node) {
	            throw $compileMinErr('uterdir',
	                      "Unterminated attribute, found '{0}' but no matching '{1}' found.",
	                      attrStart, attrEnd);
	          }
	          if (node.nodeType == NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT) {
	            if (node.hasAttribute(attrStart)) depth++;
	            if (node.hasAttribute(attrEnd)) depth--;
	          }
	          nodes.push(node);
	          node = node.nextSibling;
	        } while (depth > 0);
	      } else {
	        nodes.push(node);
	      }

	      return jqLite(nodes);
	    }

	    /**
	     * Wrapper for linking function which converts normal linking function into a grouped
	     * linking function.
	     * @param linkFn
	     * @param attrStart
	     * @param attrEnd
	     * @returns {Function}
	     */
	    function groupElementsLinkFnWrapper(linkFn, attrStart, attrEnd) {
	      return function(scope, element, attrs, controllers, transcludeFn) {
	        element = groupScan(element[0], attrStart, attrEnd);
	        return linkFn(scope, element, attrs, controllers, transcludeFn);
	      };
	    }

	    /**
	     * Once the directives have been collected, their compile functions are executed. This method
	     * is responsible for inlining directive templates as well as terminating the application
	     * of the directives if the terminal directive has been reached.
	     *
	     * @param {Array} directives Array of collected directives to execute their compile function.
	     *        this needs to be pre-sorted by priority order.
	     * @param {Node} compileNode The raw DOM node to apply the compile functions to
	     * @param {Object} templateAttrs The shared attribute function
	     * @param {function(angular.Scope, cloneAttachFn=)} transcludeFn A linking function, where the
	     *                                                  scope argument is auto-generated to the new
	     *                                                  child of the transcluded parent scope.
	     * @param {JQLite} jqCollection If we are working on the root of the compile tree then this
	     *                              argument has the root jqLite array so that we can replace nodes
	     *                              on it.
	     * @param {Object=} originalReplaceDirective An optional directive that will be ignored when
	     *                                           compiling the transclusion.
	     * @param {Array.<Function>} preLinkFns
	     * @param {Array.<Function>} postLinkFns
	     * @param {Object} previousCompileContext Context used for previous compilation of the current
	     *                                        node
	     * @returns {Function} linkFn
	     */
	    function applyDirectivesToNode(directives, compileNode, templateAttrs, transcludeFn,
	                                   jqCollection, originalReplaceDirective, preLinkFns, postLinkFns,
	                                   previousCompileContext) {
	      previousCompileContext = previousCompileContext || {};

	      var terminalPriority = -Number.MAX_VALUE,
	          newScopeDirective,
	          controllerDirectives = previousCompileContext.controllerDirectives,
	          newIsolateScopeDirective = previousCompileContext.newIsolateScopeDirective,
	          templateDirective = previousCompileContext.templateDirective,
	          nonTlbTranscludeDirective = previousCompileContext.nonTlbTranscludeDirective,
	          hasTranscludeDirective = false,
	          hasTemplate = false,
	          hasElementTranscludeDirective = previousCompileContext.hasElementTranscludeDirective,
	          $compileNode = templateAttrs.$$element = jqLite(compileNode),
	          directive,
	          directiveName,
	          $template,
	          replaceDirective = originalReplaceDirective,
	          childTranscludeFn = transcludeFn,
	          linkFn,
	          directiveValue;

	      // executes all directives on the current element
	      for (var i = 0, ii = directives.length; i < ii; i++) {
	        directive = directives[i];
	        var attrStart = directive.$$start;
	        var attrEnd = directive.$$end;

	        // collect multiblock sections
	        if (attrStart) {
	          $compileNode = groupScan(compileNode, attrStart, attrEnd);
	        }
	        $template = undefined;

	        if (terminalPriority > directive.priority) {
	          break; // prevent further processing of directives
	        }

	        if (directiveValue = directive.scope) {

	          // skip the check for directives with async templates, we'll check the derived sync
	          // directive when the template arrives
	          if (!directive.templateUrl) {
	            if (isObject(directiveValue)) {
	              // This directive is trying to add an isolated scope.
	              // Check that there is no scope of any kind already
	              assertNoDuplicate('new/isolated scope', newIsolateScopeDirective || newScopeDirective,
	                                directive, $compileNode);
	              newIsolateScopeDirective = directive;
	            } else {
	              // This directive is trying to add a child scope.
	              // Check that there is no isolated scope already
	              assertNoDuplicate('new/isolated scope', newIsolateScopeDirective, directive,
	                                $compileNode);
	            }
	          }

	          newScopeDirective = newScopeDirective || directive;
	        }

	        directiveName = directive.name;

	        if (!directive.templateUrl && directive.controller) {
	          directiveValue = directive.controller;
	          controllerDirectives = controllerDirectives || createMap();
	          assertNoDuplicate("'" + directiveName + "' controller",
	              controllerDirectives[directiveName], directive, $compileNode);
	          controllerDirectives[directiveName] = directive;
	        }

	        if (directiveValue = directive.transclude) {
	          hasTranscludeDirective = true;

	          // Special case ngIf and ngRepeat so that we don't complain about duplicate transclusion.
	          // This option should only be used by directives that know how to safely handle element transclusion,
	          // where the transcluded nodes are added or replaced after linking.
	          if (!directive.$$tlb) {
	            assertNoDuplicate('transclusion', nonTlbTranscludeDirective, directive, $compileNode);
	            nonTlbTranscludeDirective = directive;
	          }

	          if (directiveValue == 'element') {
	            hasElementTranscludeDirective = true;
	            terminalPriority = directive.priority;
	            $template = $compileNode;
	            $compileNode = templateAttrs.$$element =
	                jqLite(document.createComment(' ' + directiveName + ': ' +
	                                              templateAttrs[directiveName] + ' '));
	            compileNode = $compileNode[0];
	            replaceWith(jqCollection, sliceArgs($template), compileNode);

	            childTranscludeFn = compile($template, transcludeFn, terminalPriority,
	                                        replaceDirective && replaceDirective.name, {
	                                          // Don't pass in:
	                                          // - controllerDirectives - otherwise we'll create duplicates controllers
	                                          // - newIsolateScopeDirective or templateDirective - combining templates with
	                                          //   element transclusion doesn't make sense.
	                                          //
	                                          // We need only nonTlbTranscludeDirective so that we prevent putting transclusion
	                                          // on the same element more than once.
	                                          nonTlbTranscludeDirective: nonTlbTranscludeDirective
	                                        });
	          } else {
	            $template = jqLite(jqLiteClone(compileNode)).contents();
	            $compileNode.empty(); // clear contents
	            childTranscludeFn = compile($template, transcludeFn);
	          }
	        }

	        if (directive.template) {
	          hasTemplate = true;
	          assertNoDuplicate('template', templateDirective, directive, $compileNode);
	          templateDirective = directive;

	          directiveValue = (isFunction(directive.template))
	              ? directive.template($compileNode, templateAttrs)
	              : directive.template;

	          directiveValue = denormalizeTemplate(directiveValue);

	          if (directive.replace) {
	            replaceDirective = directive;
	            if (jqLiteIsTextNode(directiveValue)) {
	              $template = [];
	            } else {
	              $template = removeComments(wrapTemplate(directive.templateNamespace, trim(directiveValue)));
	            }
	            compileNode = $template[0];

	            if ($template.length != 1 || compileNode.nodeType !== NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT) {
	              throw $compileMinErr('tplrt',
	                  "Template for directive '{0}' must have exactly one root element. {1}",
	                  directiveName, '');
	            }

	            replaceWith(jqCollection, $compileNode, compileNode);

	            var newTemplateAttrs = {$attr: {}};

	            // combine directives from the original node and from the template:
	            // - take the array of directives for this element
	            // - split it into two parts, those that already applied (processed) and those that weren't (unprocessed)
	            // - collect directives from the template and sort them by priority
	            // - combine directives as: processed + template + unprocessed
	            var templateDirectives = collectDirectives(compileNode, [], newTemplateAttrs);
	            var unprocessedDirectives = directives.splice(i + 1, directives.length - (i + 1));

	            if (newIsolateScopeDirective) {
	              markDirectivesAsIsolate(templateDirectives);
	            }
	            directives = directives.concat(templateDirectives).concat(unprocessedDirectives);
	            mergeTemplateAttributes(templateAttrs, newTemplateAttrs);

	            ii = directives.length;
	          } else {
	            $compileNode.html(directiveValue);
	          }
	        }

	        if (directive.templateUrl) {
	          hasTemplate = true;
	          assertNoDuplicate('template', templateDirective, directive, $compileNode);
	          templateDirective = directive;

	          if (directive.replace) {
	            replaceDirective = directive;
	          }

	          nodeLinkFn = compileTemplateUrl(directives.splice(i, directives.length - i), $compileNode,
	              templateAttrs, jqCollection, hasTranscludeDirective && childTranscludeFn, preLinkFns, postLinkFns, {
	                controllerDirectives: controllerDirectives,
	                newIsolateScopeDirective: newIsolateScopeDirective,
	                templateDirective: templateDirective,
	                nonTlbTranscludeDirective: nonTlbTranscludeDirective
	              });
	          ii = directives.length;
	        } else if (directive.compile) {
	          try {
	            linkFn = directive.compile($compileNode, templateAttrs, childTranscludeFn);
	            if (isFunction(linkFn)) {
	              addLinkFns(null, linkFn, attrStart, attrEnd);
	            } else if (linkFn) {
	              addLinkFns(linkFn.pre, linkFn.post, attrStart, attrEnd);
	            }
	          } catch (e) {
	            $exceptionHandler(e, startingTag($compileNode));
	          }
	        }

	        if (directive.terminal) {
	          nodeLinkFn.terminal = true;
	          terminalPriority = Math.max(terminalPriority, directive.priority);
	        }

	      }

	      nodeLinkFn.scope = newScopeDirective && newScopeDirective.scope === true;
	      nodeLinkFn.transcludeOnThisElement = hasTranscludeDirective;
	      nodeLinkFn.elementTranscludeOnThisElement = hasElementTranscludeDirective;
	      nodeLinkFn.templateOnThisElement = hasTemplate;
	      nodeLinkFn.transclude = childTranscludeFn;

	      previousCompileContext.hasElementTranscludeDirective = hasElementTranscludeDirective;

	      // might be normal or delayed nodeLinkFn depending on if templateUrl is present
	      return nodeLinkFn;

	      ////////////////////

	      function addLinkFns(pre, post, attrStart, attrEnd) {
	        if (pre) {
	          if (attrStart) pre = groupElementsLinkFnWrapper(pre, attrStart, attrEnd);
	          pre.require = directive.require;
	          pre.directiveName = directiveName;
	          if (newIsolateScopeDirective === directive || directive.$$isolateScope) {
	            pre = cloneAndAnnotateFn(pre, {isolateScope: true});
	          }
	          preLinkFns.push(pre);
	        }
	        if (post) {
	          if (attrStart) post = groupElementsLinkFnWrapper(post, attrStart, attrEnd);
	          post.require = directive.require;
	          post.directiveName = directiveName;
	          if (newIsolateScopeDirective === directive || directive.$$isolateScope) {
	            post = cloneAndAnnotateFn(post, {isolateScope: true});
	          }
	          postLinkFns.push(post);
	        }
	      }


	      function getControllers(directiveName, require, $element, elementControllers) {
	        var value;

	        if (isString(require)) {
	          var match = require.match(REQUIRE_PREFIX_REGEXP);
	          var name = require.substring(match[0].length);
	          var inheritType = match[1] || match[3];
	          var optional = match[2] === '?';

	          //If only parents then start at the parent element
	          if (inheritType === '^^') {
	            $element = $element.parent();
	          //Otherwise attempt getting the controller from elementControllers in case
	          //the element is transcluded (and has no data) and to avoid .data if possible
	          } else {
	            value = elementControllers && elementControllers[name];
	            value = value && value.instance;
	          }

	          if (!value) {
	            var dataName = '$' + name + 'Controller';
	            value = inheritType ? $element.inheritedData(dataName) : $element.data(dataName);
	          }

	          if (!value && !optional) {
	            throw $compileMinErr('ctreq',
	                "Controller '{0}', required by directive '{1}', can't be found!",
	                name, directiveName);
	          }
	        } else if (isArray(require)) {
	          value = [];
	          for (var i = 0, ii = require.length; i < ii; i++) {
	            value[i] = getControllers(directiveName, require[i], $element, elementControllers);
	          }
	        }

	        return value || null;
	      }

	      function setupControllers($element, attrs, transcludeFn, controllerDirectives, isolateScope, scope) {
	        var elementControllers = createMap();
	        for (var controllerKey in controllerDirectives) {
	          var directive = controllerDirectives[controllerKey];
	          var locals = {
	            $scope: directive === newIsolateScopeDirective || directive.$$isolateScope ? isolateScope : scope,
	            $element: $element,
	            $attrs: attrs,
	            $transclude: transcludeFn
	          };

	          var controller = directive.controller;
	          if (controller == '@') {
	            controller = attrs[directive.name];
	          }

	          var controllerInstance = $controller(controller, locals, true, directive.controllerAs);

	          // For directives with element transclusion the element is a comment,
	          // but jQuery .data doesn't support attaching data to comment nodes as it's hard to
	          // clean up (http://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/8335).
	          // Instead, we save the controllers for the element in a local hash and attach to .data
	          // later, once we have the actual element.
	          elementControllers[directive.name] = controllerInstance;
	          if (!hasElementTranscludeDirective) {
	            $element.data('$' + directive.name + 'Controller', controllerInstance.instance);
	          }
	        }
	        return elementControllers;
	      }

	      function nodeLinkFn(childLinkFn, scope, linkNode, $rootElement, boundTranscludeFn,
	                          thisLinkFn) {
	        var i, ii, linkFn, controller, isolateScope, elementControllers, transcludeFn, $element,
	            attrs;

	        if (compileNode === linkNode) {
	          attrs = templateAttrs;
	          $element = templateAttrs.$$element;
	        } else {
	          $element = jqLite(linkNode);
	          attrs = new Attributes($element, templateAttrs);
	        }

	        if (newIsolateScopeDirective) {
	          isolateScope = scope.$new(true);
	        }

	        if (boundTranscludeFn) {
	          // track `boundTranscludeFn` so it can be unwrapped if `transcludeFn`
	          // is later passed as `parentBoundTranscludeFn` to `publicLinkFn`
	          transcludeFn = controllersBoundTransclude;
	          transcludeFn.$$boundTransclude = boundTranscludeFn;
	        }

	        if (controllerDirectives) {
	          elementControllers = setupControllers($element, attrs, transcludeFn, controllerDirectives, isolateScope, scope);
	        }

	        if (newIsolateScopeDirective) {
	          // Initialize isolate scope bindings for new isolate scope directive.
	          compile.$$addScopeInfo($element, isolateScope, true, !(templateDirective && (templateDirective === newIsolateScopeDirective ||
	              templateDirective === newIsolateScopeDirective.$$originalDirective)));
	          compile.$$addScopeClass($element, true);
	          isolateScope.$$isolateBindings =
	              newIsolateScopeDirective.$$isolateBindings;
	          initializeDirectiveBindings(scope, attrs, isolateScope,
	                                      isolateScope.$$isolateBindings,
	                                      newIsolateScopeDirective, isolateScope);
	        }
	        if (elementControllers) {
	          // Initialize bindToController bindings for new/isolate scopes
	          var scopeDirective = newIsolateScopeDirective || newScopeDirective;
	          var bindings;
	          var controllerForBindings;
	          if (scopeDirective && elementControllers[scopeDirective.name]) {
	            bindings = scopeDirective.$$bindings.bindToController;
	            controller = elementControllers[scopeDirective.name];

	            if (controller && controller.identifier && bindings) {
	              controllerForBindings = controller;
	              thisLinkFn.$$destroyBindings =
	                  initializeDirectiveBindings(scope, attrs, controller.instance,
	                                              bindings, scopeDirective);
	            }
	          }
	          for (i in elementControllers) {
	            controller = elementControllers[i];
	            var controllerResult = controller();
	            if (controllerResult !== controller.instance) {
	              controller.instance = controllerResult;
	              $element.data('$' + directive.name + 'Controller', controllerResult);
	              if (controller === controllerForBindings) {
	                // Remove and re-install bindToController bindings
	                thisLinkFn.$$destroyBindings();
	                thisLinkFn.$$destroyBindings =
	                  initializeDirectiveBindings(scope, attrs, controllerResult, bindings, scopeDirective);
	              }
	            }
	          }
	        }

	        // PRELINKING
	        for (i = 0, ii = preLinkFns.length; i < ii; i++) {
	          linkFn = preLinkFns[i];
	          invokeLinkFn(linkFn,
	              linkFn.isolateScope ? isolateScope : scope,
	              $element,
	              attrs,
	              linkFn.require && getControllers(linkFn.directiveName, linkFn.require, $element, elementControllers),
	              transcludeFn
	          );
	        }

	        // RECURSION
	        // We only pass the isolate scope, if the isolate directive has a template,
	        // otherwise the child elements do not belong to the isolate directive.
	        var scopeToChild = scope;
	        if (newIsolateScopeDirective && (newIsolateScopeDirective.template || newIsolateScopeDirective.templateUrl === null)) {
	          scopeToChild = isolateScope;
	        }
	        childLinkFn && childLinkFn(scopeToChild, linkNode.childNodes, undefined, boundTranscludeFn);

	        // POSTLINKING
	        for (i = postLinkFns.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
	          linkFn = postLinkFns[i];
	          invokeLinkFn(linkFn,
	              linkFn.isolateScope ? isolateScope : scope,
	              $element,
	              attrs,
	              linkFn.require && getControllers(linkFn.directiveName, linkFn.require, $element, elementControllers),
	              transcludeFn
	          );
	        }

	        // This is the function that is injected as `$transclude`.
	        // Note: all arguments are optional!
	        function controllersBoundTransclude(scope, cloneAttachFn, futureParentElement) {
	          var transcludeControllers;

	          // No scope passed in:
	          if (!isScope(scope)) {
	            futureParentElement = cloneAttachFn;
	            cloneAttachFn = scope;
	            scope = undefined;
	          }

	          if (hasElementTranscludeDirective) {
	            transcludeControllers = elementControllers;
	          }
	          if (!futureParentElement) {
	            futureParentElement = hasElementTranscludeDirective ? $element.parent() : $element;
	          }
	          return boundTranscludeFn(scope, cloneAttachFn, transcludeControllers, futureParentElement, scopeToChild);
	        }
	      }
	    }

	    function markDirectivesAsIsolate(directives) {
	      // mark all directives as needing isolate scope.
	      for (var j = 0, jj = directives.length; j < jj; j++) {
	        directives[j] = inherit(directives[j], {$$isolateScope: true});
	      }
	    }

	    /**
	     * looks up the directive and decorates it with exception handling and proper parameters. We
	     * call this the boundDirective.
	     *
	     * @param {string} name name of the directive to look up.
	     * @param {string} location The directive must be found in specific format.
	     *   String containing any of theses characters:
	     *
	     *   * `E`: element name
	     *   * `A': attribute
	     *   * `C`: class
	     *   * `M`: comment
	     * @returns {boolean} true if directive was added.
	     */
	    function addDirective(tDirectives, name, location, maxPriority, ignoreDirective, startAttrName,
	                          endAttrName) {
	      if (name === ignoreDirective) return null;
	      var match = null;
	      if (hasDirectives.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
	        for (var directive, directives = $injector.get(name + Suffix),
	            i = 0, ii = directives.length; i < ii; i++) {
	          try {
	            directive = directives[i];
	            if ((maxPriority === undefined || maxPriority > directive.priority) &&
	                 directive.restrict.indexOf(location) != -1) {
	              if (startAttrName) {
	                directive = inherit(directive, {$$start: startAttrName, $$end: endAttrName});
	              }
	              tDirectives.push(directive);
	              match = directive;
	            }
	          } catch (e) { $exceptionHandler(e); }
	        }
	      }
	      return match;
	    }


	    /**
	     * looks up the directive and returns true if it is a multi-element directive,
	     * and therefore requires DOM nodes between -start and -end markers to be grouped
	     * together.
	     *
	     * @param {string} name name of the directive to look up.
	     * @returns true if directive was registered as multi-element.
	     */
	    function directiveIsMultiElement(name) {
	      if (hasDirectives.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
	        for (var directive, directives = $injector.get(name + Suffix),
	            i = 0, ii = directives.length; i < ii; i++) {
	          directive = directives[i];
	          if (directive.multiElement) {
	            return true;
	          }
	        }
	      }
	      return false;
	    }

	    /**
	     * When the element is replaced with HTML template then the new attributes
	     * on the template need to be merged with the existing attributes in the DOM.
	     * The desired effect is to have both of the attributes present.
	     *
	     * @param {object} dst destination attributes (original DOM)
	     * @param {object} src source attributes (from the directive template)
	     */
	    function mergeTemplateAttributes(dst, src) {
	      var srcAttr = src.$attr,
	          dstAttr = dst.$attr,
	          $element = dst.$$element;

	      // reapply the old attributes to the new element
	      forEach(dst, function(value, key) {
	        if (key.charAt(0) != '$') {
	          if (src[key] && src[key] !== value) {
	            value += (key === 'style' ? ';' : ' ') + src[key];
	          }
	          dst.$set(key, value, true, srcAttr[key]);
	        }
	      });

	      // copy the new attributes on the old attrs object
	      forEach(src, function(value, key) {
	        if (key == 'class') {
	          safeAddClass($element, value);
	          dst['class'] = (dst['class'] ? dst['class'] + ' ' : '') + value;
	        } else if (key == 'style') {
	          $element.attr('style', $element.attr('style') + ';' + value);
	          dst['style'] = (dst['style'] ? dst['style'] + ';' : '') + value;
	          // `dst` will never contain hasOwnProperty as DOM parser won't let it.
	          // You will get an "InvalidCharacterError: DOM Exception 5" error if you
	          // have an attribute like "has-own-property" or "data-has-own-property", etc.
	        } else if (key.charAt(0) != '$' && !dst.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
	          dst[key] = value;
	          dstAttr[key] = srcAttr[key];
	        }
	      });
	    }


	    function compileTemplateUrl(directives, $compileNode, tAttrs,
	        $rootElement, childTranscludeFn, preLinkFns, postLinkFns, previousCompileContext) {
	      var linkQueue = [],
	          afterTemplateNodeLinkFn,
	          afterTemplateChildLinkFn,
	          beforeTemplateCompileNode = $compileNode[0],
	          origAsyncDirective = directives.shift(),
	          derivedSyncDirective = inherit(origAsyncDirective, {
	            templateUrl: null, transclude: null, replace: null, $$originalDirective: origAsyncDirective
	          }),
	          templateUrl = (isFunction(origAsyncDirective.templateUrl))
	              ? origAsyncDirective.templateUrl($compileNode, tAttrs)
	              : origAsyncDirective.templateUrl,
	          templateNamespace = origAsyncDirective.templateNamespace;

	      $compileNode.empty();

	      $templateRequest($sce.getTrustedResourceUrl(templateUrl))
	        .then(function(content) {
	          var compileNode, tempTemplateAttrs, $template, childBoundTranscludeFn;

	          content = denormalizeTemplate(content);

	          if (origAsyncDirective.replace) {
	            if (jqLiteIsTextNode(content)) {
	              $template = [];
	            } else {
	              $template = removeComments(wrapTemplate(templateNamespace, trim(content)));
	            }
	            compileNode = $template[0];

	            if ($template.length != 1 || compileNode.nodeType !== NODE_TYPE_ELEMENT) {
	              throw $compileMinErr('tplrt',
	                  "Template for directive '{0}' must have exactly one root element. {1}",
	                  origAsyncDirective.name, templateUrl);
	            }

	            tempTemplateAttrs = {$attr: {}};
	            replaceWith($rootElement, $compileNode, compileNode);
	            var templateDirectives = collectDirectives(compileNode, [], tempTemplateAttrs);

	            if (isObject(origAsyncDirective.scope)) {
	              markDirectivesAsIsolate(templateDirectives);
	            }
	            directives = templateDirectives.concat(directives);
	            mergeTemplateAttributes(tAttrs, tempTemplateAttrs);
	          } else {
	            compileNode = beforeTemplateCompileNode;
	            $compileNode.html(content);
	          }

	          directives.unshift(derivedSyncDirective);

	          afterTemplateNodeLinkFn = applyDirectivesToNode(directives, compileNode, tAttrs,
	              childTranscludeFn, $compileNode, origAsyncDirective, preLinkFns, postLinkFns,
	              previousCompileContext);
	          forEach($rootElement, function(node, i) {
	            if (node == compileNode) {
	              $rootElement[i] = $compileNode[0];
	            }
	          });
	          afterTemplateChildLinkFn = compileNodes($compileNode[0].childNodes, childTranscludeFn);

	          while (linkQueue.length) {
	            var scope = linkQueue.shift(),
	                beforeTemplateLinkNode = linkQueue.shift(),
	                linkRootElement = linkQueue.shift(),
	                boundTranscludeFn = linkQueue.shift(),
	                linkNode = $compileNode[0];

	            if (scope.$$destroyed) continue;

	            if (beforeTemplateLinkNode !== beforeTemplateCompileNode) {
	              var oldClasses = beforeTemplateLinkNode.className;

	              if (!(previousCompileContext.hasElementTranscludeDirective &&
	                  origAsyncDirective.replace)) {
	                // it was cloned therefore we have to clone as well.
	                linkNode = jqLiteClone(compileNode);
	              }
	              replaceWith(linkRootElement, jqLite(beforeTemplateLinkNode), linkNode);

	              // Copy in CSS classes from original node
	              safeAddClass(jqLite(linkNode), oldClasses);
	            }
	            if (afterTemplateNodeLinkFn.transcludeOnThisElement) {
	              childBoundTranscludeFn = createBoundTranscludeFn(scope, afterTemplateNodeLinkFn.transclude, boundTranscludeFn);
	            } else {
	              childBoundTranscludeFn = boundTranscludeFn;
	            }
	            afterTemplateNodeLinkFn(afterTemplateChildLinkFn, scope, linkNode, $rootElement,
	              childBoundTranscludeFn, afterTemplateNodeLinkFn);
	          }
	          linkQueue = null;
	        });

	      return function delayedNodeLinkFn(ignoreChildLinkFn, scope, node, rootElement, boundTranscludeFn) {
	        var childBoundTranscludeFn = boundTranscludeFn;
	        if (scope.$$destroyed) return;
	        if (linkQueue) {
	          linkQueue.push(scope,
	                         node,
	                         rootElement,
	                         childBoundTranscludeFn);
	        } else {
	          if (afterTemplateNodeLinkFn.transcludeOnThisElement) {
	            childBoundTranscludeFn = createBoundTranscludeFn(scope, afterTemplateNodeLinkFn.transclude, boundTranscludeFn);
	          }
	          afterTemplateNodeLinkFn(afterTemplateChildLinkFn, scope, node, rootElement, childBoundTranscludeFn,
	                                  afterTemplateNodeLinkFn);
	        }
	      };
	    }


	    /**
	     * Sorting function for bound directives.
	     */
	    function byPriority(a, b) {
	      var diff = b.priority - a.priority;
	      if (diff !== 0) return diff;
	      if (a.name !== b.name) return (a.name < b.name) ? -1 : 1;
	      return a.index - b.index;
	    }


	    function assertNoDuplicate(what, previousDirective, directive, element) {
	      if (previousDirective) {
	        throw $compileMinErr('multidir', 'Multiple directives [{0}, {1}] asking for {2} on: {3}',
	            previousDirective.name, directive.name, what, startingTag(element));
	      }
	    }


	    function addTextInterpolateDirective(directives, text) {
	      var interpolateFn = $interpolate(text, true);
	      if (interpolateFn) {
	        directives.push({
	          priority: 0,
	          compile: function textInterpolateCompileFn(templateNode) {
	            var templateNodeParent = templateNode.parent(),
	                hasCompileParent = !!templateNodeParent.length;

	            // When transcluding a template that has bindings in the root
	            // we don't have a parent and thus need to add the class during linking fn.
	            if (hasCompileParent) compile.$$addBindingClass(templateNodeParent);

	            return function textInterpolateLinkFn(scope, node) {
	              var parent = node.parent();
	              if (!hasCompileParent) compile.$$addBindingClass(parent);
	              compile.$$addBindingInfo(parent, interpolateFn.expressions);
	              scope.$watch(interpolateFn, function interpolateFnWatchAction(value) {
	                node[0].nodeValue = value;
	              });
	            };
	          }
	        });
	      }
	    }


	    function wrapTemplate(type, template) {
	      type = lowercase(type || 'html');
	      switch (type) {
	      case 'svg':
	      case 'math':
	        var wrapper = document.createElement('div');
	        wrapper.innerHTML = '<' + type + '>' + template + '</' + type + '>';
	        return wrapper.childNodes[0].childNodes;
	      default:
	        return template;
	      }
	    }


	    function getTrustedContext(node, attrNormalizedName) {
	      if (attrNormalizedName == "srcdoc") {
	        return $sce.HTML;
	      }
	      var tag = nodeName_(node);
	      // maction[xlink:href] can source SVG.  It's not limited to <maction>.
	      if (attrNormalizedName == "xlinkHref" ||
	          (tag == "form" && attrNormalizedName == "action") ||
	          (tag != "img" && (attrNormalizedName == "src" ||
	                            attrNormalizedName == "ngSrc"))) {
	        return $sce.RESOURCE_URL;
	      }
	    }


	    function addAttrInterpolateDirective(node, directives, value, name, allOrNothing) {
	      var trustedContext = getTrustedContext(node, name);
	      allOrNothing = ALL_OR_NOTHING_ATTRS[name] || allOrNothing;

	      var interpolateFn = $interpolate(value, true, trustedContext, allOrNothing);

	      // no interpolation found -> ignore
	      if (!interpolateFn) return;


	      if (name === "multiple" && nodeName_(node) === "select") {
	        throw $compileMinErr("selmulti",
	            "Binding to the 'multiple' attribute is not supported. Element: {0}",
	            startingTag(node));
	      }

	      directives.push({
	        priority: 100,
	        compile: function() {
	            return {
	              pre: function attrInterpolatePreLinkFn(scope, element, attr) {
	                var $$observers = (attr.$$observers || (attr.$$observers = {}));

	                if (EVENT_HANDLER_ATTR_REGEXP.test(name)) {
	                  throw $compileMinErr('nodomevents',
	                      "Interpolations for HTML DOM event attributes are disallowed.  Please use the " +
	                          "ng- versions (such as ng-click instead of onclick) instead.");
	                }

	                // If the attribute has changed since last $interpolate()ed
	                var newValue = attr[name];
	                if (newValue !== value) {
	                  // we need to interpolate again since the attribute value has been updated
	                  // (e.g. by another directive's compile function)
	                  // ensure unset/empty values make interpolateFn falsy
	                  interpolateFn = newValue && $interpolate(newValue, true, trustedContext, allOrNothing);
	                  value = newValue;
	                }

	                // if attribute was updated so that there is no interpolation going on we don't want to
	                // register any observers
	                if (!interpolateFn) return;

	                // initialize attr object so that it's ready in case we need the value for isolate
	                // scope initialization, otherwise the value would not be available from isolate
	                // directive's linking fn during linking phase
	                attr[name] = interpolateFn(scope);

	                ($$observers[name] || ($$observers[name] = [])).$$inter = true;
	                (attr.$$observers && attr.$$observers[name].$$scope || scope).
	                  $watch(interpolateFn, function interpolateFnWatchAction(newValue, oldValue) {
	                    //special case for class attribute addition + removal
	                    //so that class changes can tap into the animation
	                    //hooks provided by the $animate service. Be sure to
	                    //skip animations when the first digest occurs (when
	                    //both the new and the old values are the same) since
	                    //the CSS classes are the non-interpolated values
	                    if (name === 'class' && newValue != oldValue) {
	                      attr.$updateClass(newValue, oldValue);
	                    } else {
	                      attr.$set(name, newValue);
	                    }
	                  });
	              }
	            };
	          }
	      });
	    }


	    /**
	     * This is a special jqLite.replaceWith, which can replace items which
	     * have no parents, provided that the containing jqLite collection is provided.
	     *
	     * @param {JqLite=} $rootElement The root of the compile tree. Used so that we can replace nodes
	     *                               in the root of the tree.
	     * @param {JqLite} elementsToRemove The jqLite element which we are going to replace. We keep
	     *                                  the shell, but replace its DOM node reference.
	     * @param {Node} newNode The new DOM node.
	     */
	    function replaceWith($rootElement, elementsToRemove, newNode) {
	      var firstElementToRemove = elementsToRemove[0],
	          removeCount = elementsToRemove.length,
	          parent = firstElementToRemove.parentNode,
	          i, ii;

	      if ($rootElement) {
	        for (i = 0, ii = $rootElement.length; i < ii; i++) {
	          if ($rootElement[i] == firstElementToRemove) {
	            $rootElement[i++] = newNode;
	            for (var j = i, j2 = j + removeCount - 1,
	                     jj = $rootElement.length;
	                 j < jj; j++, j2++) {
	              if (j2 < jj) {
	                $rootElement[j] = $rootElement[j2];
	              } else {
	                delete $rootElement[j];
	              }
	            }
	            $rootElement.length -= removeCount - 1;

	            // If the replaced element is also the jQuery .context then replace it
	            // .context is a deprecated jQuery api, so we should set it only when jQuery set it
	            // http://api.jquery.com/context/
	            if ($rootElement.context === firstElementToRemove) {
	              $rootElement.context = newNode;
	            }
	            break;
	          }
	        }
	      }

	      if (parent) {
	        parent.replaceChild(newNode, firstElementToRemove);
	      }

	      // TODO(perf): what's this document fragment for? is it needed? can we at least reuse it?
	      var fragment = document.createDocumentFragment();
	      fragment.appendChild(firstElementToRemove);

	      // Copy over user data (that includes Angular's $scope etc.). Don't copy private
	      // data here because there's no public interface in jQuery to do that and copying over
	      // event listeners (which is the main use of private data) wouldn't work anyway.
	      jqLite(newNode).data(jqLite(firstElementToRemove).data());

	      // Remove data of the replaced element. We cannot just call .remove()
	      // on the element it since that would deallocate scope that is needed
	      // for the new node. Instead, remove the data "manually".
	      if (!jQuery) {
	        delete jqLite.cache[firstElementToRemove[jqLite.expando]];
	      } else {
	        // jQuery 2.x doesn't expose the data storage. Use jQuery.cleanData to clean up after
	        // the replaced element. The cleanData version monkey-patched by Angular would cause
	        // the scope to be trashed and we do need the very same scope to work with the new
	        // element. However, we cannot just cache the non-patched version and use it here as
	        // that would break if another library patches the method after Angular does (one
	        // example is jQuery UI). Instead, set a flag indicating scope destroying should be
	        // skipped this one time.
	        skipDestroyOnNextJQueryCleanData = true;
	        jQuery.cleanData([firstElementToRemove]);
	      }

	      for (var k = 1, kk = elementsToRemove.length; k < kk; k++) {
	        var element = elementsToRemove[k];
	        jqLite(element).remove(); // must do this way to clean up expando
	        fragment.appendChild(element);
	        delete elementsToRemove[k];
	      }

	      elementsToRemove[0] = newNode;
	      elementsToRemove.length = 1;
	    }


	    function cloneAndAnnotateFn(fn, annotation) {
	      return extend(function() { return fn.apply(null, arguments); }, fn, annotation);
	    }


	    function invokeLinkFn(linkFn, scope, $element, attrs, controllers, transcludeFn) {
	      try {
	        linkFn(scope, $element, attrs, controllers, transcludeFn);
	      } catch (e) {
	        $exceptionHandler(e, startingTag($element));
	      }
	    }


	    // Set up $watches for isolate scope and controller bindings. This process
	    // only occurs for isolate scopes and new scopes with controllerAs.
	    function initializeDirectiveBindings(scope, attrs, destination, bindings,
	                                         directive, newScope) {
	      var onNewScopeDestroyed;
	      forEach(bindings, function(definition, scopeName) {
	        var attrName = definition.attrName,
	        optional = definition.optional,
	        mode = definition.mode, // @, =, or &
	        lastValue,
	        parentGet, parentSet, compare;

	        switch (mode) {

	          case '@':
	            attrs.$observe(attrName, function(value) {
	              destination[scopeName] = value;
	            });
	            attrs.$$observers[attrName].$$scope = scope;
	            if (attrs[attrName]) {
	              // If the attribute has been provided then we trigger an interpolation to ensure
	              // the value is there for use in the link fn
	              destination[scopeName] = $interpolate(attrs[attrName])(scope);
	            }
	            break;

	          case '=':
	            if (optional && !attrs[attrName]) {
	              return;
	            }
	            parentGet = $parse(attrs[attrName]);
	            if (parentGet.literal) {
	              compare = equals;
	            } else {
	              compare = function(a, b) { return a === b || (a !== a && b !== b); };
	            }
	            parentSet = parentGet.assign || function() {
	              // reset the change, or we will throw this exception on every $digest
	              lastValue = destination[scopeName] = parentGet(scope);
	              throw $compileMinErr('nonassign',
	                  "Expression '{0}' used with directive '{1}' is non-assignable!",
	                  attrs[attrName], directive.name);
	            };
	            lastValue = destination[scopeName] = parentGet(scope);
	            var parentValueWatch = function parentValueWatch(parentValue) {
	              if (!compare(parentValue, destination[scopeName])) {
	                // we are out of sync and need to copy
	                if (!compare(parentValue, lastValue)) {
	                  // parent changed and it has precedence
	                  destination[scopeName] = parentValue;
	                } else {
	                  // if the parent can be assigned then do so
	                  parentSet(scope, parentValue = destination[scopeName]);
	                }
	              }
	              return lastValue = parentValue;
	            };
	            parentValueWatch.$stateful = true;
	            var unwatch;
	            if (definition.collection) {
	              unwatch = scope.$watchCollection(attrs[attrName], parentValueWatch);
	            } else {
	              unwatch = scope.$watch($parse(attrs[attrName], parentValueWatch), null, parentGet.literal);
	            }
	            onNewScopeDestroyed = (onNewScopeDestroyed || []);
	            onNewScopeDestroyed.push(unwatch);
	            break;

	          case '&':
	            // Don't assign Object.prototype method to scope
	            if (!attrs.hasOwnProperty(attrName) && optional) break;

	            parentGet = $parse(attrs[attrName]);

	            // Don't assign noop to destination if expression is not valid
	            if (parentGet === noop && optional) break;

	            destination[scopeName] = function(locals) {
	              return parentGet(scope, locals);
	            };
	            break;
	        }
	      });
	      var destroyBindings = onNewScopeDestroyed ? function destroyBindings() {
	        for (var i = 0, ii = onNewScopeDestroyed.length; i < ii; ++i) {
	          onNewScopeDestroyed[i]();
	        }
	      } : noop;
	      if (newScope && destroyBindings !== noop) {
	        newScope.$on('$destroy', destroyBindings);
	        return noop;
	      }
	      return destroyBindings;
	    }
	  }];
	}

	var PREFIX_REGEXP = /^((?:x|data)[\:\-_])/i;
	/**
	 * Converts all accepted directives format into proper directive name.
	 * @param name Name to normalize
	 */
	function directiveNormalize(name) {
	  return camelCase(name.replace(PREFIX_REGEXP, ''));
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc type
	 * @name $compile.directive.Attributes
	 *
	 * @description
	 * A shared object between directive compile / linking functions which contains normalized DOM
	 * element attributes. The values reflect current binding state `{{ }}`. The normalization is
	 * needed since all of these are treated as equivalent in Angular:
	 *
	 * ```
	 *    <span ng:bind="a" ng-bind="a" data-ng-bind="a" x-ng-bind="a">
	 * ```
	 */

	/**
	 * @ngdoc property
	 * @name $compile.directive.Attributes#$attr
	 *
	 * @description
	 * A map of DOM element attribute names to the normalized name. This is
	 * needed to do reverse lookup from normalized name back to actual name.
	 */


	/**
	 * @ngdoc method
	 * @name $compile.directive.Attributes#$set
	 * @kind function
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Set DOM element attribute value.
	 *
	 *
	 * @param {string} name Normalized element attribute name of the property to modify. The name is
	 *          reverse-translated using the {@link ng.$compile.directive.Attributes#$attr $attr}
	 *          property to the original name.
	 * @param {string} value Value to set the attribute to. The value can be an interpolated string.
	 */



	/**
	 * Closure compiler type information
	 */

	function nodesetLinkingFn(
	  /* angular.Scope */ scope,
	  /* NodeList */ nodeList,
	  /* Element */ rootElement,
	  /* function(Function) */ boundTranscludeFn
	) {}

	function directiveLinkingFn(
	  /* nodesetLinkingFn */ nodesetLinkingFn,
	  /* angular.Scope */ scope,
	  /* Node */ node,
	  /* Element */ rootElement,
	  /* function(Function) */ boundTranscludeFn
	) {}

	function tokenDifference(str1, str2) {
	  var values = '',
	      tokens1 = str1.split(/\s+/),
	      tokens2 = str2.split(/\s+/);

	  outer:
	  for (var i = 0; i < tokens1.length; i++) {
	    var token = tokens1[i];
	    for (var j = 0; j < tokens2.length; j++) {
	      if (token == tokens2[j]) continue outer;
	    }
	    values += (values.length > 0 ? ' ' : '') + token;
	  }
	  return values;
	}

	function removeComments(jqNodes) {
	  jqNodes = jqLite(jqNodes);
	  var i = jqNodes.length;

	  if (i <= 1) {
	    return jqNodes;
	  }

	  while (i--) {
	    var node = jqNodes[i];
	    if (node.nodeType === NODE_TYPE_COMMENT) {
	      splice.call(jqNodes, i, 1);
	    }
	  }
	  return jqNodes;
	}

	var $controllerMinErr = minErr('$controller');


	var CNTRL_REG = /^(\S+)(\s+as\s+(\w+))?$/;
	function identifierForController(controller, ident) {
	  if (ident && isString(ident)) return ident;
	  if (isString(controller)) {
	    var match = CNTRL_REG.exec(controller);
	    if (match) return match[3];
	  }
	}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc provider
	 * @name $controllerProvider
	 * @description
	 * The {@link ng.$controller $controller service} is used by Angular to create new
	 * controllers.
	 *
	 * This provider allows controller registration via the
	 * {@link ng.$controllerProvider#register register} method.
	 */
	function $ControllerProvider() {
	  var controllers = {},
	      globals = false;

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $controllerProvider#register
	   * @param {string|Object} name Controller name, or an object map of controllers where the keys are
	   *    the names and the values are the constructors.
	   * @param {Function|Array} constructor Controller constructor fn (optionally decorated with DI
	   *    annotations in the array notation).
	   */
	  this.register = function(name, constructor) {
	    assertNotHasOwnProperty(name, 'controller');
	    if (isObject(name)) {
	      extend(controllers, name);
	    } else {
	      controllers[name] = constructor;
	    }
	  };

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $controllerProvider#allowGlobals
	   * @description If called, allows `$controller` to find controller constructors on `window`
	   */
	  this.allowGlobals = function() {
	    globals = true;
	  };


	  this.$get = ['$injector', '$window', function($injector, $window) {

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc service
	     * @name $controller
	     * @requires $injector
	     *
	     * @param {Function|string} constructor If called with a function then it's considered to be the
	     *    controller constructor function. Otherwise it's considered to be a string which is used
	     *    to retrieve the controller constructor using the following steps:
	     *
	     *    * check if a controller with given name is registered via `$controllerProvider`
	     *    * check if evaluating the string on the current scope returns a constructor
	     *    * if $controllerProvider#allowGlobals, check `window[constructor]` on the global
	     *      `window` object (not recommended)
	     *
	     *    The string can use the `controller as property` syntax, where the controller instance is published
	     *    as the specified property on the `scope`; the `scope` must be injected into `locals` param for this
	     *    to work correctly.
	     *
	     * @param {Object} locals Injection locals for Controller.
	     * @return {Object} Instance of given controller.
	     *
	     * @description
	     * `$controller` service is responsible for instantiating controllers.
	     *
	     * It's just a simple call to {@link auto.$injector $injector}, but extracted into
	     * a service, so that one can override this service with [BC version](https://gist.github.com/1649788).
	     */
	    return function(expression, locals, later, ident) {
	      // PRIVATE API:
	      //   param `later` --- indicates that the controller's constructor is invoked at a later time.
	      //                     If true, $controller will allocate the object with the correct
	      //                     prototype chain, but will not invoke the controller until a returned
	      //                     callback is invoked.
	      //   param `ident` --- An optional label which overrides the label parsed from the controller
	      //                     expression, if any.
	      var instance, match, constructor, identifier;
	      later = later === true;
	      if (ident && isString(ident)) {
	        identifier = ident;
	      }

	      if (isString(expression)) {
	        match = expression.match(CNTRL_REG);
	        if (!match) {
	          throw $controllerMinErr('ctrlfmt',
	            "Badly formed controller string '{0}'. " +
	            "Must match `__name__ as __id__` or `__name__`.", expression);
	        }
	        constructor = match[1],
	        identifier = identifier || match[3];
	        expression = controllers.hasOwnProperty(constructor)
	            ? controllers[constructor]
	            : getter(locals.$scope, constructor, true) ||
	                (globals ? getter($window, constructor, true) : undefined);

	        assertArgFn(expression, constructor, true);
	      }

	      if (later) {
	        // Instantiate controller later:
	        // This machinery is used to create an instance of the object before calling the
	        // controller's constructor itself.
	        //
	        // This allows properties to be added to the controller before the constructor is
	        // invoked. Primarily, this is used for isolate scope bindings in $compile.
	        //
	        // This feature is not intended for use by applications, and is thus not documented
	        // publicly.
	        // Object creation: http://jsperf.com/create-constructor/2
	        var controllerPrototype = (isArray(expression) ?
	          expression[expression.length - 1] : expression).prototype;
	        instance = Object.create(controllerPrototype || null);

	        if (identifier) {
	          addIdentifier(locals, identifier, instance, constructor || expression.name);
	        }

	        var instantiate;
	        return instantiate = extend(function() {
	          var result = $injector.invoke(expression, instance, locals, constructor);
	          if (result !== instance && (isObject(result) || isFunction(result))) {
	            instance = result;
	            if (identifier) {
	              // If result changed, re-assign controllerAs value to scope.
	              addIdentifier(locals, identifier, instance, constructor || expression.name);
	            }
	          }
	          return instance;
	        }, {
	          instance: instance,
	          identifier: identifier
	        });
	      }

	      instance = $injector.instantiate(expression, locals, constructor);

	      if (identifier) {
	        addIdentifier(locals, identifier, instance, constructor || expression.name);
	      }

	      return instance;
	    };

	    function addIdentifier(locals, identifier, instance, name) {
	      if (!(locals && isObject(locals.$scope))) {
	        throw minErr('$controller')('noscp',
	          "Cannot export controller '{0}' as '{1}'! No $scope object provided via `locals`.",
	          name, identifier);
	      }

	      locals.$scope[identifier] = instance;
	    }
	  }];
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $document
	 * @requires $window
	 *
	 * @description
	 * A {@link angular.element jQuery or jqLite} wrapper for the browser's `window.document` object.
	 *
	 * @example
	   <example module="documentExample">
	     <file name="index.html">
	       <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
	         <p>$document title: <b ng-bind="title"></b></p>
	         <p>window.document title: <b ng-bind="windowTitle"></b></p>
	       </div>
	     </file>
	     <file name="script.js">
	       angular.module('documentExample', [])
	         .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', '$document', function($scope, $document) {
	           $scope.title = $document[0].title;
	           $scope.windowTitle = angular.element(window.document)[0].title;
	         }]);
	     </file>
	   </example>
	 */
	function $DocumentProvider() {
	  this.$get = ['$window', function(window) {
	    return jqLite(window.document);
	  }];
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $exceptionHandler
	 * @requires ng.$log
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Any uncaught exception in angular expressions is delegated to this service.
	 * The default implementation simply delegates to `$log.error` which logs it into
	 * the browser console.
	 *
	 * In unit tests, if `angular-mocks.js` is loaded, this service is overridden by
	 * {@link ngMock.$exceptionHandler mock $exceptionHandler} which aids in testing.
	 *
	 * ## Example:
	 *
	 * ```js
	 *   angular.module('exceptionOverride', []).factory('$exceptionHandler', function() {
	 *     return function(exception, cause) {
	 *       exception.message += ' (caused by "' + cause + '")';
	 *       throw exception;
	 *     };
	 *   });
	 * ```
	 *
	 * This example will override the normal action of `$exceptionHandler`, to make angular
	 * exceptions fail hard when they happen, instead of just logging to the console.
	 *
	 * <hr />
	 * Note, that code executed in event-listeners (even those registered using jqLite's `on`/`bind`
	 * methods) does not delegate exceptions to the {@link ng.$exceptionHandler $exceptionHandler}
	 * (unless executed during a digest).
	 *
	 * If you wish, you can manually delegate exceptions, e.g.
	 * `try { ... } catch(e) { $exceptionHandler(e); }`
	 *
	 * @param {Error} exception Exception associated with the error.
	 * @param {string=} cause optional information about the context in which
	 *       the error was thrown.
	 *
	 */
	function $ExceptionHandlerProvider() {
	  this.$get = ['$log', function($log) {
	    return function(exception, cause) {
	      $log.error.apply($log, arguments);
	    };
	  }];
	}

	var APPLICATION_JSON = 'application/json';
	var CONTENT_TYPE_APPLICATION_JSON = {'Content-Type': APPLICATION_JSON + ';charset=utf-8'};
	var JSON_START = /^\[|^\{(?!\{)/;
	var JSON_ENDS = {
	  '[': /]$/,
	  '{': /}$/
	};
	var JSON_PROTECTION_PREFIX = /^\)\]\}',?\n/;

	function paramSerializerFactory(jQueryMode) {

	  function serializeValue(v) {
	    if (isObject(v)) {
	      return isDate(v) ? v.toISOString() : toJson(v);
	    }
	    return v;
	  }

	  return function paramSerializer(params) {
	    if (!params) return '';
	    var parts = [];
	    forEachSorted(params, function(value, key) {
	      if (value === null || isUndefined(value)) return;
	      if (isArray(value) || isObject(value) && jQueryMode) {
	        forEach(value, function(v, k) {
	          var keySuffix = jQueryMode ? '[' + (!isArray(value) ? k : '') + ']' : '';
	          parts.push(encodeUriQuery(key + keySuffix)  + '=' + encodeUriQuery(serializeValue(v)));
	        });
	      } else {
	        parts.push(encodeUriQuery(key) + '=' + encodeUriQuery(serializeValue(value)));
	      }
	    });

	    return parts.length > 0 ? parts.join('&') : '';
	  };
	}

	function $HttpParamSerializerProvider() {
	  /**
	   * @ngdoc service
	   * @name $httpParamSerializer
	   * @description
	   *
	   * Default $http params serializer that converts objects to a part of a request URL
	   * according to the following rules:
	   * * `{'foo': 'bar'}` results in `foo=bar`
	   * * `{'foo': Date.now()}` results in `foo=2015-04-01T09%3A50%3A49.262Z` (`toISOString()` and encoded representation of a Date object)
	   * * `{'foo': ['bar', 'baz']}` results in `foo=bar&foo=baz` (repeated key for each array element)
	   * * `{'foo': {'bar':'baz'}}` results in `foo=%7B%22bar%22%3A%22baz%22%7D"` (stringified and encoded representation of an object)
	   * */
	  this.$get = function() {
	    return paramSerializerFactory(false);
	  };
	}

	function $HttpParamSerializerJQLikeProvider() {
	  /**
	   * @ngdoc service
	   * @name $httpParamSerializerJQLike
	   * @description
	   *
	   * Alternative $http params serializer that follows jQuery's [`param()`](http://api.jquery.com/jquery.param/) method logic.
	   * */
	  this.$get = function() {
	    return paramSerializerFactory(true);
	  };
	}

	function defaultHttpResponseTransform(data, headers) {
	  if (isString(data)) {
	    // Strip json vulnerability protection prefix and trim whitespace
	    var tempData = data.replace(JSON_PROTECTION_PREFIX, '').trim();

	    if (tempData) {
	      var contentType = headers('Content-Type');
	      if ((contentType && (contentType.indexOf(APPLICATION_JSON) === 0)) || isJsonLike(tempData)) {
	        data = fromJson(tempData);
	      }
	    }
	  }

	  return data;
	}

	function isJsonLike(str) {
	    var jsonStart = str.match(JSON_START);
	    return jsonStart && JSON_ENDS[jsonStart[0]].test(str);
	}

	/**
	 * Parse headers into key value object
	 *
	 * @param {string} headers Raw headers as a string
	 * @returns {Object} Parsed headers as key value object
	 */
	function parseHeaders(headers) {
	  var parsed = createMap(), i;

	  function fillInParsed(key, val) {
	    if (key) {
	      parsed[key] = parsed[key] ? parsed[key] + ', ' + val : val;
	    }
	  }

	  if (isString(headers)) {
	    forEach(headers.split('\n'), function(line) {
	      i = line.indexOf(':');
	      fillInParsed(lowercase(trim(line.substr(0, i))), trim(line.substr(i + 1)));
	    });
	  } else if (isObject(headers)) {
	    forEach(headers, function(headerVal, headerKey) {
	      fillInParsed(lowercase(headerKey), trim(headerVal));
	    });
	  }

	  return parsed;
	}


	/**
	 * Returns a function that provides access to parsed headers.
	 *
	 * Headers are lazy parsed when first requested.
	 * @see parseHeaders
	 *
	 * @param {(string|Object)} headers Headers to provide access to.
	 * @returns {function(string=)} Returns a getter function which if called with:
	 *
	 *   - if called with single an argument returns a single header value or null
	 *   - if called with no arguments returns an object containing all headers.
	 */
	function headersGetter(headers) {
	  var headersObj;

	  return function(name) {
	    if (!headersObj) headersObj =  parseHeaders(headers);

	    if (name) {
	      var value = headersObj[lowercase(name)];
	      if (value === void 0) {
	        value = null;
	      }
	      return value;
	    }

	    return headersObj;
	  };
	}


	/**
	 * Chain all given functions
	 *
	 * This function is used for both request and response transforming
	 *
	 * @param {*} data Data to transform.
	 * @param {function(string=)} headers HTTP headers getter fn.
	 * @param {number} status HTTP status code of the response.
	 * @param {(Function|Array.<Function>)} fns Function or an array of functions.
	 * @returns {*} Transformed data.
	 */
	function transformData(data, headers, status, fns) {
	  if (isFunction(fns)) {
	    return fns(data, headers, status);
	  }

	  forEach(fns, function(fn) {
	    data = fn(data, headers, status);
	  });

	  return data;
	}


	function isSuccess(status) {
	  return 200 <= status && status < 300;
	}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc provider
	 * @name $httpProvider
	 * @description
	 * Use `$httpProvider` to change the default behavior of the {@link ng.$http $http} service.
	 * */
	function $HttpProvider() {
	  /**
	   * @ngdoc property
	   * @name $httpProvider#defaults
	   * @description
	   *
	   * Object containing default values for all {@link ng.$http $http} requests.
	   *
	   * - **`defaults.cache`** - {Object} - an object built with {@link ng.$cacheFactory `$cacheFactory`}
	   * that will provide the cache for all requests who set their `cache` property to `true`.
	   * If you set the `default.cache = false` then only requests that specify their own custom
	   * cache object will be cached. See {@link $http#caching $http Caching} for more information.
	   *
	   * - **`defaults.xsrfCookieName`** - {string} - Name of cookie containing the XSRF token.
	   * Defaults value is `'XSRF-TOKEN'`.
	   *
	   * - **`defaults.xsrfHeaderName`** - {string} - Name of HTTP header to populate with the
	   * XSRF token. Defaults value is `'X-XSRF-TOKEN'`.
	   *
	   * - **`defaults.headers`** - {Object} - Default headers for all $http requests.
	   * Refer to {@link ng.$http#setting-http-headers $http} for documentation on
	   * setting default headers.
	   *     - **`defaults.headers.common`**
	   *     - **`defaults.headers.post`**
	   *     - **`defaults.headers.put`**
	   *     - **`defaults.headers.patch`**
	   *
	   * - **`defaults.paramSerializer`** - {string|function(Object<string,string>):string} - A function used to prepare string representation
	   * of request parameters (specified as an object).
	   * If specified as string, it is interpreted as a function registered with the {@link auto.$injector $injector}.
	   * Defaults to {@link ng.$httpParamSerializer $httpParamSerializer}.
	   *
	   **/
	  var defaults = this.defaults = {
	    // transform incoming response data
	    transformResponse: [defaultHttpResponseTransform],

	    // transform outgoing request data
	    transformRequest: [function(d) {
	      return isObject(d) && !isFile(d) && !isBlob(d) && !isFormData(d) ? toJson(d) : d;
	    }],

	    // default headers
	    headers: {
	      common: {
	        'Accept': 'application/json, text/plain, */*'
	      },
	      post:   shallowCopy(CONTENT_TYPE_APPLICATION_JSON),
	      put:    shallowCopy(CONTENT_TYPE_APPLICATION_JSON),
	      patch:  shallowCopy(CONTENT_TYPE_APPLICATION_JSON)
	    },

	    xsrfCookieName: 'XSRF-TOKEN',
	    xsrfHeaderName: 'X-XSRF-TOKEN',

	    paramSerializer: '$httpParamSerializer'
	  };

	  var useApplyAsync = false;
	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $httpProvider#useApplyAsync
	   * @description
	   *
	   * Configure $http service to combine processing of multiple http responses received at around
	   * the same time via {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$applyAsync $rootScope.$applyAsync}. This can result in
	   * significant performance improvement for bigger applications that make many HTTP requests
	   * concurrently (common during application bootstrap).
	   *
	   * Defaults to false. If no value is specified, returns the current configured value.
	   *
	   * @param {boolean=} value If true, when requests are loaded, they will schedule a deferred
	   *    "apply" on the next tick, giving time for subsequent requests in a roughly ~10ms window
	   *    to load and share the same digest cycle.
	   *
	   * @returns {boolean|Object} If a value is specified, returns the $httpProvider for chaining.
	   *    otherwise, returns the current configured value.
	   **/
	  this.useApplyAsync = function(value) {
	    if (isDefined(value)) {
	      useApplyAsync = !!value;
	      return this;
	    }
	    return useApplyAsync;
	  };

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc property
	   * @name $httpProvider#interceptors
	   * @description
	   *
	   * Array containing service factories for all synchronous or asynchronous {@link ng.$http $http}
	   * pre-processing of request or postprocessing of responses.
	   *
	   * These service factories are ordered by request, i.e. they are applied in the same order as the
	   * array, on request, but reverse order, on response.
	   *
	   * {@link ng.$http#interceptors Interceptors detailed info}
	   **/
	  var interceptorFactories = this.interceptors = [];

	  this.$get = ['$httpBackend', '$$cookieReader', '$cacheFactory', '$rootScope', '$q', '$injector',
	      function($httpBackend, $$cookieReader, $cacheFactory, $rootScope, $q, $injector) {

	    var defaultCache = $cacheFactory('$http');

	    /**
	     * Make sure that default param serializer is exposed as a function
	     */
	    defaults.paramSerializer = isString(defaults.paramSerializer) ?
	      $injector.get(defaults.paramSerializer) : defaults.paramSerializer;

	    /**
	     * Interceptors stored in reverse order. Inner interceptors before outer interceptors.
	     * The reversal is needed so that we can build up the interception chain around the
	     * server request.
	     */
	    var reversedInterceptors = [];

	    forEach(interceptorFactories, function(interceptorFactory) {
	      reversedInterceptors.unshift(isString(interceptorFactory)
	          ? $injector.get(interceptorFactory) : $injector.invoke(interceptorFactory));
	    });

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc service
	     * @kind function
	     * @name $http
	     * @requires ng.$httpBackend
	     * @requires $cacheFactory
	     * @requires $rootScope
	     * @requires $q
	     * @requires $injector
	     *
	     * @description
	     * The `$http` service is a core Angular service that facilitates communication with the remote
	     * HTTP servers via the browser's [XMLHttpRequest](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/xmlhttprequest)
	     * object or via [JSONP](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSONP).
	     *
	     * For unit testing applications that use `$http` service, see
	     * {@link ngMock.$httpBackend $httpBackend mock}.
	     *
	     * For a higher level of abstraction, please check out the {@link ngResource.$resource
	     * $resource} service.
	     *
	     * The $http API is based on the {@link ng.$q deferred/promise APIs} exposed by
	     * the $q service. While for simple usage patterns this doesn't matter much, for advanced usage
	     * it is important to familiarize yourself with these APIs and the guarantees they provide.
	     *
	     *
	     * ## General usage
	     * The `$http` service is a function which takes a single argument — a configuration object —
	     * that is used to generate an HTTP request and returns  a {@link ng.$q promise}
	     * with two $http specific methods: `success` and `error`.
	     *
	     * ```js
	     *   // Simple GET request example :
	     *   $http.get('/someUrl').
	     *     success(function(data, status, headers, config) {
	     *       // this callback will be called asynchronously
	     *       // when the response is available
	     *     }).
	     *     error(function(data, status, headers, config) {
	     *       // called asynchronously if an error occurs
	     *       // or server returns response with an error status.
	     *     });
	     * ```
	     *
	     * ```js
	     *   // Simple POST request example (passing data) :
	     *   $http.post('/someUrl', {msg:'hello word!'}).
	     *     success(function(data, status, headers, config) {
	     *       // this callback will be called asynchronously
	     *       // when the response is available
	     *     }).
	     *     error(function(data, status, headers, config) {
	     *       // called asynchronously if an error occurs
	     *       // or server returns response with an error status.
	     *     });
	     * ```
	     *
	     *
	     * Since the returned value of calling the $http function is a `promise`, you can also use
	     * the `then` method to register callbacks, and these callbacks will receive a single argument –
	     * an object representing the response. See the API signature and type info below for more
	     * details.
	     *
	     * A response status code between 200 and 299 is considered a success status and
	     * will result in the success callback being called. Note that if the response is a redirect,
	     * XMLHttpRequest will transparently follow it, meaning that the error callback will not be
	     * called for such responses.
	     *
	     * ## Writing Unit Tests that use $http
	     * When unit testing (using {@link ngMock ngMock}), it is necessary to call
	     * {@link ngMock.$httpBackend#flush $httpBackend.flush()} to flush each pending
	     * request using trained responses.
	     *
	     * ```
	     * $httpBackend.expectGET(...);
	     * $http.get(...);
	     * $httpBackend.flush();
	     * ```
	     *
	     * ## Shortcut methods
	     *
	     * Shortcut methods are also available. All shortcut methods require passing in the URL, and
	     * request data must be passed in for POST/PUT requests.
	     *
	     * ```js
	     *   $http.get('/someUrl').success(successCallback);
	     *   $http.post('/someUrl', data).success(successCallback);
	     * ```
	     *
	     * Complete list of shortcut methods:
	     *
	     * - {@link ng.$http#get $http.get}
	     * - {@link ng.$http#head $http.head}
	     * - {@link ng.$http#post $http.post}
	     * - {@link ng.$http#put $http.put}
	     * - {@link ng.$http#delete $http.delete}
	     * - {@link ng.$http#jsonp $http.jsonp}
	     * - {@link ng.$http#patch $http.patch}
	     *
	     *
	     * ## Setting HTTP Headers
	     *
	     * The $http service will automatically add certain HTTP headers to all requests. These defaults
	     * can be fully configured by accessing the `$httpProvider.defaults.headers` configuration
	     * object, which currently contains this default configuration:
	     *
	     * - `$httpProvider.defaults.headers.common` (headers that are common for all requests):
	     *   - `Accept: application/json, text/plain, * / *`
	     * - `$httpProvider.defaults.headers.post`: (header defaults for POST requests)
	     *   - `Content-Type: application/json`
	     * - `$httpProvider.defaults.headers.put` (header defaults for PUT requests)
	     *   - `Content-Type: application/json`
	     *
	     * To add or overwrite these defaults, simply add or remove a property from these configuration
	     * objects. To add headers for an HTTP method other than POST or PUT, simply add a new object
	     * with the lowercased HTTP method name as the key, e.g.
	     * `$httpProvider.defaults.headers.get = { 'My-Header' : 'value' }`.
	     *
	     * The defaults can also be set at runtime via the `$http.defaults` object in the same
	     * fashion. For example:
	     *
	     * ```
	     * module.run(function($http) {
	     *   $http.defaults.headers.common.Authorization = 'Basic YmVlcDpib29w'
	     * });
	     * ```
	     *
	     * In addition, you can supply a `headers` property in the config object passed when
	     * calling `$http(config)`, which overrides the defaults without changing them globally.
	     *
	     * To explicitly remove a header automatically added via $httpProvider.defaults.headers on a per request basis,
	     * Use the `headers` property, setting the desired header to `undefined`. For example:
	     *
	     * ```js
	     * var req = {
	     *  method: 'POST',
	     *  url: 'http://example.com',
	     *  headers: {
	     *    'Content-Type': undefined
	     *  },
	     *  data: { test: 'test' }
	     * }
	     *
	     * $http(req).success(function(){...}).error(function(){...});
	     * ```
	     *
	     * ## Transforming Requests and Responses
	     *
	     * Both requests and responses can be transformed using transformation functions: `transformRequest`
	     * and `transformResponse`. These properties can be a single function that returns
	     * the transformed value (`function(data, headersGetter, status)`) or an array of such transformation functions,
	     * which allows you to `push` or `unshift` a new transformation function into the transformation chain.
	     *
	     * ### Default Transformations
	     *
	     * The `$httpProvider` provider and `$http` service expose `defaults.transformRequest` and
	     * `defaults.transformResponse` properties. If a request does not provide its own transformations
	     * then these will be applied.
	     *
	     * You can augment or replace the default transformations by modifying these properties by adding to or
	     * replacing the array.
	     *
	     * Angular provides the following default transformations:
	     *
	     * Request transformations (`$httpProvider.defaults.transformRequest` and `$http.defaults.transformRequest`):
	     *
	     * - If the `data` property of the request configuration object contains an object, serialize it
	     *   into JSON format.
	     *
	     * Response transformations (`$httpProvider.defaults.transformResponse` and `$http.defaults.transformResponse`):
	     *
	     *  - If XSRF prefix is detected, strip it (see Security Considerations section below).
	     *  - If JSON response is detected, deserialize it using a JSON parser.
	     *
	     *
	     * ### Overriding the Default Transformations Per Request
	     *
	     * If you wish override the request/response transformations only for a single request then provide
	     * `transformRequest` and/or `transformResponse` properties on the configuration object passed
	     * into `$http`.
	     *
	     * Note that if you provide these properties on the config object the default transformations will be
	     * overwritten. If you wish to augment the default transformations then you must include them in your
	     * local transformation array.
	     *
	     * The following code demonstrates adding a new response transformation to be run after the default response
	     * transformations have been run.
	     *
	     * ```js
	     * function appendTransform(defaults, transform) {
	     *
	     *   // We can't guarantee that the default transformation is an array
	     *   defaults = angular.isArray(defaults) ? defaults : [defaults];
	     *
	     *   // Append the new transformation to the defaults
	     *   return defaults.concat(transform);
	     * }
	     *
	     * $http({
	     *   url: '...',
	     *   method: 'GET',
	     *   transformResponse: appendTransform($http.defaults.transformResponse, function(value) {
	     *     return doTransform(value);
	     *   })
	     * });
	     * ```
	     *
	     *
	     * ## Caching
	     *
	     * To enable caching, set the request configuration `cache` property to `true` (to use default
	     * cache) or to a custom cache object (built with {@link ng.$cacheFactory `$cacheFactory`}).
	     * When the cache is enabled, `$http` stores the response from the server in the specified
	     * cache. The next time the same request is made, the response is served from the cache without
	     * sending a request to the server.
	     *
	     * Note that even if the response is served from cache, delivery of the data is asynchronous in
	     * the same way that real requests are.
	     *
	     * If there are multiple GET requests for the same URL that should be cached using the same
	     * cache, but the cache is not populated yet, only one request to the server will be made and
	     * the remaining requests will be fulfilled using the response from the first request.
	     *
	     * You can change the default cache to a new object (built with
	     * {@link ng.$cacheFactory `$cacheFactory`}) by updating the
	     * {@link ng.$http#defaults `$http.defaults.cache`} property. All requests who set
	     * their `cache` property to `true` will now use this cache object.
	     *
	     * If you set the default cache to `false` then only requests that specify their own custom
	     * cache object will be cached.
	     *
	     * ## Interceptors
	     *
	     * Before you start creating interceptors, be sure to understand the
	     * {@link ng.$q $q and deferred/promise APIs}.
	     *
	     * For purposes of global error handling, authentication, or any kind of synchronous or
	     * asynchronous pre-processing of request or postprocessing of responses, it is desirable to be
	     * able to intercept requests before they are handed to the server and
	     * responses before they are handed over to the application code that
	     * initiated these requests. The interceptors leverage the {@link ng.$q
	     * promise APIs} to fulfill this need for both synchronous and asynchronous pre-processing.
	     *
	     * The interceptors are service factories that are registered with the `$httpProvider` by
	     * adding them to the `$httpProvider.interceptors` array. The factory is called and
	     * injected with dependencies (if specified) and returns the interceptor.
	     *
	     * There are two kinds of interceptors (and two kinds of rejection interceptors):
	     *
	     *   * `request`: interceptors get called with a http `config` object. The function is free to
	     *     modify the `config` object or create a new one. The function needs to return the `config`
	     *     object directly, or a promise containing the `config` or a new `config` object.
	     *   * `requestError`: interceptor gets called when a previous interceptor threw an error or
	     *     resolved with a rejection.
	     *   * `response`: interceptors get called with http `response` object. The function is free to
	     *     modify the `response` object or create a new one. The function needs to return the `response`
	     *     object directly, or as a promise containing the `response` or a new `response` object.
	     *   * `responseError`: interceptor gets called when a previous interceptor threw an error or
	     *     resolved with a rejection.
	     *
	     *
	     * ```js
	     *   // register the interceptor as a service
	     *   $provide.factory('myHttpInterceptor', function($q, dependency1, dependency2) {
	     *     return {
	     *       // optional method
	     *       'request': function(config) {
	     *         // do something on success
	     *         return config;
	     *       },
	     *
	     *       // optional method
	     *      'requestError': function(rejection) {
	     *         // do something on error
	     *         if (canRecover(rejection)) {
	     *           return responseOrNewPromise
	     *         }
	     *         return $q.reject(rejection);
	     *       },
	     *
	     *
	     *
	     *       // optional method
	     *       'response': function(response) {
	     *         // do something on success
	     *         return response;
	     *       },
	     *
	     *       // optional method
	     *      'responseError': function(rejection) {
	     *         // do something on error
	     *         if (canRecover(rejection)) {
	     *           return responseOrNewPromise
	     *         }
	     *         return $q.reject(rejection);
	     *       }
	     *     };
	     *   });
	     *
	     *   $httpProvider.interceptors.push('myHttpInterceptor');
	     *
	     *
	     *   // alternatively, register the interceptor via an anonymous factory
	     *   $httpProvider.interceptors.push(function($q, dependency1, dependency2) {
	     *     return {
	     *      'request': function(config) {
	     *          // same as above
	     *       },
	     *
	     *       'response': function(response) {
	     *          // same as above
	     *       }
	     *     };
	     *   });
	     * ```
	     *
	     * ## Security Considerations
	     *
	     * When designing web applications, consider security threats from:
	     *
	     * - [JSON vulnerability](http://haacked.com/archive/2008/11/20/anatomy-of-a-subtle-json-vulnerability.aspx)
	     * - [XSRF](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery)
	     *
	     * Both server and the client must cooperate in order to eliminate these threats. Angular comes
	     * pre-configured with strategies that address these issues, but for this to work backend server
	     * cooperation is required.
	     *
	     * ### JSON Vulnerability Protection
	     *
	     * A [JSON vulnerability](http://haacked.com/archive/2008/11/20/anatomy-of-a-subtle-json-vulnerability.aspx)
	     * allows third party website to turn your JSON resource URL into
	     * [JSONP](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSONP) request under some conditions. To
	     * counter this your server can prefix all JSON requests with following string `")]}',\n"`.
	     * Angular will automatically strip the prefix before processing it as JSON.
	     *
	     * For example if your server needs to return:
	     * ```js
	     * ['one','two']
	     * ```
	     *
	     * which is vulnerable to attack, your server can return:
	     * ```js
	     * )]}',
	     * ['one','two']
	     * ```
	     *
	     * Angular will strip the prefix, before processing the JSON.
	     *
	     *
	     * ### Cross Site Request Forgery (XSRF) Protection
	     *
	     * [XSRF](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery) is a technique by which
	     * an unauthorized site can gain your user's private data. Angular provides a mechanism
	     * to counter XSRF. When performing XHR requests, the $http service reads a token from a cookie
	     * (by default, `XSRF-TOKEN`) and sets it as an HTTP header (`X-XSRF-TOKEN`). Since only
	     * JavaScript that runs on your domain could read the cookie, your server can be assured that
	     * the XHR came from JavaScript running on your domain. The header will not be set for
	     * cross-domain requests.
	     *
	     * To take advantage of this, your server needs to set a token in a JavaScript readable session
	     * cookie called `XSRF-TOKEN` on the first HTTP GET request. On subsequent XHR requests the
	     * server can verify that the cookie matches `X-XSRF-TOKEN` HTTP header, and therefore be sure
	     * that only JavaScript running on your domain could have sent the request. The token must be
	     * unique for each user and must be verifiable by the server (to prevent the JavaScript from
	     * making up its own tokens). We recommend that the token is a digest of your site's
	     * authentication cookie with a [salt](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(cryptography&#41;)
	     * for added security.
	     *
	     * The name of the headers can be specified using the xsrfHeaderName and xsrfCookieName
	     * properties of either $httpProvider.defaults at config-time, $http.defaults at run-time,
	     * or the per-request config object.
	     *
	     *
	     * @param {object} config Object describing the request to be made and how it should be
	     *    processed. The object has following properties:
	     *
	     *    - **method** – `{string}` – HTTP method (e.g. 'GET', 'POST', etc)
	     *    - **url** – `{string}` – Absolute or relative URL of the resource that is being requested.
	     *    - **params** – `{Object.<string|Object>}` – Map of strings or objects which will be turned
	     *      to `?key1=value1&key2=value2` after the url. If the value is not a string, it will be
	     *      JSONified.
	     *    - **data** – `{string|Object}` – Data to be sent as the request message data.
	     *    - **headers** – `{Object}` – Map of strings or functions which return strings representing
	     *      HTTP headers to send to the server. If the return value of a function is null, the
	     *      header will not be sent. Functions accept a config object as an argument.
	     *    - **xsrfHeaderName** – `{string}` – Name of HTTP header to populate with the XSRF token.
	     *    - **xsrfCookieName** – `{string}` – Name of cookie containing the XSRF token.
	     *    - **transformRequest** –
	     *      `{function(data, headersGetter)|Array.<function(data, headersGetter)>}` –
	     *      transform function or an array of such functions. The transform function takes the http
	     *      request body and headers and returns its transformed (typically serialized) version.
	     *      See {@link ng.$http#overriding-the-default-transformations-per-request
	     *      Overriding the Default Transformations}
	     *    - **transformResponse** –
	     *      `{function(data, headersGetter, status)|Array.<function(data, headersGetter, status)>}` –
	     *      transform function or an array of such functions. The transform function takes the http
	     *      response body, headers and status and returns its transformed (typically deserialized) version.
	     *      See {@link ng.$http#overriding-the-default-transformations-per-request
	     *      Overriding the Default Transformations}
	     *    - **paramSerializer** - {string|function(Object<string,string>):string} - A function used to prepare string representation
	     *      of request parameters (specified as an object).
	     *      Is specified as string, it is interpreted as function registered in with the {$injector}.
	     *    - **cache** – `{boolean|Cache}` – If true, a default $http cache will be used to cache the
	     *      GET request, otherwise if a cache instance built with
	     *      {@link ng.$cacheFactory $cacheFactory}, this cache will be used for
	     *      caching.
	     *    - **timeout** – `{number|Promise}` – timeout in milliseconds, or {@link ng.$q promise}
	     *      that should abort the request when resolved.
	     *    - **withCredentials** - `{boolean}` - whether to set the `withCredentials` flag on the
	     *      XHR object. See [requests with credentials](https://developer.mozilla.org/docs/Web/HTTP/Access_control_CORS#Requests_with_credentials)
	     *      for more information.
	     *    - **responseType** - `{string}` - see
	     *      [requestType](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/DOM/XMLHttpRequest#responseType).
	     *
	     * @returns {HttpPromise} Returns a {@link ng.$q promise} object with the
	     *   standard `then` method and two http specific methods: `success` and `error`. The `then`
	     *   method takes two arguments a success and an error callback which will be called with a
	     *   response object. The `success` and `error` methods take a single argument - a function that
	     *   will be called when the request succeeds or fails respectively. The arguments passed into
	     *   these functions are destructured representation of the response object passed into the
	     *   `then` method. The response object has these properties:
	     *
	     *   - **data** – `{string|Object}` – The response body transformed with the transform
	     *     functions.
	     *   - **status** – `{number}` – HTTP status code of the response.
	     *   - **headers** – `{function([headerName])}` – Header getter function.
	     *   - **config** – `{Object}` – The configuration object that was used to generate the request.
	     *   - **statusText** – `{string}` – HTTP status text of the response.
	     *
	     * @property {Array.<Object>} pendingRequests Array of config objects for currently pending
	     *   requests. This is primarily meant to be used for debugging purposes.
	     *
	     *
	     * @example
	<example module="httpExample">
	<file name="index.html">
	  <div ng-controller="FetchController">
	    <select ng-model="method" aria-label="Request method">
	      <option>GET</option>
	      <option>JSONP</option>
	    </select>
	    <input type="text" ng-model="url" size="80" aria-label="URL" />
	    <button id="fetchbtn" ng-click="fetch()">fetch</button><br>
	    <button id="samplegetbtn" ng-click="updateModel('GET', 'http-hello.html')">Sample GET</button>
	    <button id="samplejsonpbtn"
	      ng-click="updateModel('JSONP',
	                    'https://angularjs.org/greet.php?callback=JSON_CALLBACK&name=Super%20Hero')">
	      Sample JSONP
	    </button>
	    <button id="invalidjsonpbtn"
	      ng-click="updateModel('JSONP', 'https://angularjs.org/doesntexist&callback=JSON_CALLBACK')">
	        Invalid JSONP
	      </button>
	    <pre>http status code: {{status}}</pre>
	    <pre>http response data: {{data}}</pre>
	  </div>
	</file>
	<file name="script.js">
	  angular.module('httpExample', [])
	    .controller('FetchController', ['$scope', '$http', '$templateCache',
	      function($scope, $http, $templateCache) {
	        $scope.method = 'GET';
	        $scope.url = 'http-hello.html';

	        $scope.fetch = function() {
	          $scope.code = null;
	          $scope.response = null;

	          $http({method: $scope.method, url: $scope.url, cache: $templateCache}).
	            success(function(data, status) {
	              $scope.status = status;
	              $scope.data = data;
	            }).
	            error(function(data, status) {
	              $scope.data = data || "Request failed";
	              $scope.status = status;
	          });
	        };

	        $scope.updateModel = function(method, url) {
	          $scope.method = method;
	          $scope.url = url;
	        };
	      }]);
	</file>
	<file name="http-hello.html">
	  Hello, $http!
	</file>
	<file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
	  var status = element(by.binding('status'));
	  var data = element(by.binding('data'));
	  var fetchBtn = element(by.id('fetchbtn'));
	  var sampleGetBtn = element(by.id('samplegetbtn'));
	  var sampleJsonpBtn = element(by.id('samplejsonpbtn'));
	  var invalidJsonpBtn = element(by.id('invalidjsonpbtn'));

	  it('should make an xhr GET request', function() {
	    sampleGetBtn.click();
	    fetchBtn.click();
	    expect(status.getText()).toMatch('200');
	    expect(data.getText()).toMatch(/Hello, \$http!/);
	  });

	// Commented out due to flakes. See https://github.com/angular/angular.js/issues/9185
	// it('should make a JSONP request to angularjs.org', function() {
	//   sampleJsonpBtn.click();
	//   fetchBtn.click();
	//   expect(status.getText()).toMatch('200');
	//   expect(data.getText()).toMatch(/Super Hero!/);
	// });

	  it('should make JSONP request to invalid URL and invoke the error handler',
	      function() {
	    invalidJsonpBtn.click();
	    fetchBtn.click();
	    expect(status.getText()).toMatch('0');
	    expect(data.getText()).toMatch('Request failed');
	  });
	</file>
	</example>
	     */
	    function $http(requestConfig) {

	      if (!angular.isObject(requestConfig)) {
	        throw minErr('$http')('badreq', 'Http request configuration must be an object.  Received: {0}', requestConfig);
	      }

	      var config = extend({
	        method: 'get',
	        transformRequest: defaults.transformRequest,
	        transformResponse: defaults.transformResponse,
	        paramSerializer: defaults.paramSerializer
	      }, requestConfig);

	      config.headers = mergeHeaders(requestConfig);
	      config.method = uppercase(config.method);
	      config.paramSerializer = isString(config.paramSerializer) ?
	        $injector.get(config.paramSerializer) : config.paramSerializer;

	      var serverRequest = function(config) {
	        var headers = config.headers;
	        var reqData = transformData(config.data, headersGetter(headers), undefined, config.transformRequest);

	        // strip content-type if data is undefined
	        if (isUndefined(reqData)) {
	          forEach(headers, function(value, header) {
	            if (lowercase(header) === 'content-type') {
	                delete headers[header];
	            }
	          });
	        }

	        if (isUndefined(config.withCredentials) && !isUndefined(defaults.withCredentials)) {
	          config.withCredentials = defaults.withCredentials;
	        }

	        // send request
	        return sendReq(config, reqData).then(transformResponse, transformResponse);
	      };

	      var chain = [serverRequest, undefined];
	      var promise = $q.when(config);

	      // apply interceptors
	      forEach(reversedInterceptors, function(interceptor) {
	        if (interceptor.request || interceptor.requestError) {
	          chain.unshift(interceptor.request, interceptor.requestError);
	        }
	        if (interceptor.response || interceptor.responseError) {
	          chain.push(interceptor.response, interceptor.responseError);
	        }
	      });

	      while (chain.length) {
	        var thenFn = chain.shift();
	        var rejectFn = chain.shift();

	        promise = promise.then(thenFn, rejectFn);
	      }

	      promise.success = function(fn) {
	        assertArgFn(fn, 'fn');

	        promise.then(function(response) {
	          fn(response.data, response.status, response.headers, config);
	        });
	        return promise;
	      };

	      promise.error = function(fn) {
	        assertArgFn(fn, 'fn');

	        promise.then(null, function(response) {
	          fn(response.data, response.status, response.headers, config);
	        });
	        return promise;
	      };

	      return promise;

	      function transformResponse(response) {
	        // make a copy since the response must be cacheable
	        var resp = extend({}, response);
	        if (!response.data) {
	          resp.data = response.data;
	        } else {
	          resp.data = transformData(response.data, response.headers, response.status, config.transformResponse);
	        }
	        return (isSuccess(response.status))
	          ? resp
	          : $q.reject(resp);
	      }

	      function executeHeaderFns(headers, config) {
	        var headerContent, processedHeaders = {};

	        forEach(headers, function(headerFn, header) {
	          if (isFunction(headerFn)) {
	            headerContent = headerFn(config);
	            if (headerContent != null) {
	              processedHeaders[header] = headerContent;
	            }
	          } else {
	            processedHeaders[header] = headerFn;
	          }
	        });

	        return processedHeaders;
	      }

	      function mergeHeaders(config) {
	        var defHeaders = defaults.headers,
	            reqHeaders = extend({}, config.headers),
	            defHeaderName, lowercaseDefHeaderName, reqHeaderName;

	        defHeaders = extend({}, defHeaders.common, defHeaders[lowercase(config.method)]);

	        // using for-in instead of forEach to avoid unecessary iteration after header has been found
	        defaultHeadersIteration:
	        for (defHeaderName in defHeaders) {
	          lowercaseDefHeaderName = lowercase(defHeaderName);

	          for (reqHeaderName in reqHeaders) {
	            if (lowercase(reqHeaderName) === lowercaseDefHeaderName) {
	              continue defaultHeadersIteration;
	            }
	          }

	          reqHeaders[defHeaderName] = defHeaders[defHeaderName];
	        }

	        // execute if header value is a function for merged headers
	        return executeHeaderFns(reqHeaders, shallowCopy(config));
	      }
	    }

	    $http.pendingRequests = [];

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc method
	     * @name $http#get
	     *
	     * @description
	     * Shortcut method to perform `GET` request.
	     *
	     * @param {string} url Relative or absolute URL specifying the destination of the request
	     * @param {Object=} config Optional configuration object
	     * @returns {HttpPromise} Future object
	     */

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc method
	     * @name $http#delete
	     *
	     * @description
	     * Shortcut method to perform `DELETE` request.
	     *
	     * @param {string} url Relative or absolute URL specifying the destination of the request
	     * @param {Object=} config Optional configuration object
	     * @returns {HttpPromise} Future object
	     */

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc method
	     * @name $http#head
	     *
	     * @description
	     * Shortcut method to perform `HEAD` request.
	     *
	     * @param {string} url Relative or absolute URL specifying the destination of the request
	     * @param {Object=} config Optional configuration object
	     * @returns {HttpPromise} Future object
	     */

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc method
	     * @name $http#jsonp
	     *
	     * @description
	     * Shortcut method to perform `JSONP` request.
	     *
	     * @param {string} url Relative or absolute URL specifying the destination of the request.
	     *                     The name of the callback should be the string `JSON_CALLBACK`.
	     * @param {Object=} config Optional configuration object
	     * @returns {HttpPromise} Future object
	     */
	    createShortMethods('get', 'delete', 'head', 'jsonp');

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc method
	     * @name $http#post
	     *
	     * @description
	     * Shortcut method to perform `POST` request.
	     *
	     * @param {string} url Relative or absolute URL specifying the destination of the request
	     * @param {*} data Request content
	     * @param {Object=} config Optional configuration object
	     * @returns {HttpPromise} Future object
	     */

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc method
	     * @name $http#put
	     *
	     * @description
	     * Shortcut method to perform `PUT` request.
	     *
	     * @param {string} url Relative or absolute URL specifying the destination of the request
	     * @param {*} data Request content
	     * @param {Object=} config Optional configuration object
	     * @returns {HttpPromise} Future object
	     */

	     /**
	      * @ngdoc method
	      * @name $http#patch
	      *
	      * @description
	      * Shortcut method to perform `PATCH` request.
	      *
	      * @param {string} url Relative or absolute URL specifying the destination of the request
	      * @param {*} data Request content
	      * @param {Object=} config Optional configuration object
	      * @returns {HttpPromise} Future object
	      */
	    createShortMethodsWithData('post', 'put', 'patch');

	        /**
	         * @ngdoc property
	         * @name $http#defaults
	         *
	         * @description
	         * Runtime equivalent of the `$httpProvider.defaults` property. Allows configuration of
	         * default headers, withCredentials as well as request and response transformations.
	         *
	         * See "Setting HTTP Headers" and "Transforming Requests and Responses" sections above.
	         */
	    $http.defaults = defaults;


	    return $http;


	    function createShortMethods(names) {
	      forEach(arguments, function(name) {
	        $http[name] = function(url, config) {
	          return $http(extend(config || {}, {
	            method: name,
	            url: url
	          }));
	        };
	      });
	    }


	    function createShortMethodsWithData(name) {
	      forEach(arguments, function(name) {
	        $http[name] = function(url, data, config) {
	          return $http(extend(config || {}, {
	            method: name,
	            url: url,
	            data: data
	          }));
	        };
	      });
	    }


	    /**
	     * Makes the request.
	     *
	     * !!! ACCESSES CLOSURE VARS:
	     * $httpBackend, defaults, $log, $rootScope, defaultCache, $http.pendingRequests
	     */
	    function sendReq(config, reqData) {
	      var deferred = $q.defer(),
	          promise = deferred.promise,
	          cache,
	          cachedResp,
	          reqHeaders = config.headers,
	          url = buildUrl(config.url, config.paramSerializer(config.params));

	      $http.pendingRequests.push(config);
	      promise.then(removePendingReq, removePendingReq);


	      if ((config.cache || defaults.cache) && config.cache !== false &&
	          (config.method === 'GET' || config.method === 'JSONP')) {
	        cache = isObject(config.cache) ? config.cache
	              : isObject(defaults.cache) ? defaults.cache
	              : defaultCache;
	      }

	      if (cache) {
	        cachedResp = cache.get(url);
	        if (isDefined(cachedResp)) {
	          if (isPromiseLike(cachedResp)) {
	            // cached request has already been sent, but there is no response yet
	            cachedResp.then(resolvePromiseWithResult, resolvePromiseWithResult);
	          } else {
	            // serving from cache
	            if (isArray(cachedResp)) {
	              resolvePromise(cachedResp[1], cachedResp[0], shallowCopy(cachedResp[2]), cachedResp[3]);
	            } else {
	              resolvePromise(cachedResp, 200, {}, 'OK');
	            }
	          }
	        } else {
	          // put the promise for the non-transformed response into cache as a placeholder
	          cache.put(url, promise);
	        }
	      }


	      // if we won't have the response in cache, set the xsrf headers and
	      // send the request to the backend
	      if (isUndefined(cachedResp)) {
	        var xsrfValue = urlIsSameOrigin(config.url)
	            ? $$cookieReader()[config.xsrfCookieName || defaults.xsrfCookieName]
	            : undefined;
	        if (xsrfValue) {
	          reqHeaders[(config.xsrfHeaderName || defaults.xsrfHeaderName)] = xsrfValue;
	        }

	        $httpBackend(config.method, url, reqData, done, reqHeaders, config.timeout,
	            config.withCredentials, config.responseType);
	      }

	      return promise;


	      /**
	       * Callback registered to $httpBackend():
	       *  - caches the response if desired
	       *  - resolves the raw $http promise
	       *  - calls $apply
	       */
	      function done(status, response, headersString, statusText) {
	        if (cache) {
	          if (isSuccess(status)) {
	            cache.put(url, [status, response, parseHeaders(headersString), statusText]);
	          } else {
	            // remove promise from the cache
	            cache.remove(url);
	          }
	        }

	        function resolveHttpPromise() {
	          resolvePromise(response, status, headersString, statusText);
	        }

	        if (useApplyAsync) {
	          $rootScope.$applyAsync(resolveHttpPromise);
	        } else {
	          resolveHttpPromise();
	          if (!$rootScope.$$phase) $rootScope.$apply();
	        }
	      }


	      /**
	       * Resolves the raw $http promise.
	       */
	      function resolvePromise(response, status, headers, statusText) {
	        // normalize internal statuses to 0
	        status = Math.max(status, 0);

	        (isSuccess(status) ? deferred.resolve : deferred.reject)({
	          data: response,
	          status: status,
	          headers: headersGetter(headers),
	          config: config,
	          statusText: statusText
	        });
	      }

	      function resolvePromiseWithResult(result) {
	        resolvePromise(result.data, result.status, shallowCopy(result.headers()), result.statusText);
	      }

	      function removePendingReq() {
	        var idx = $http.pendingRequests.indexOf(config);
	        if (idx !== -1) $http.pendingRequests.splice(idx, 1);
	      }
	    }


	    function buildUrl(url, serializedParams) {
	      if (serializedParams.length > 0) {
	        url += ((url.indexOf('?') == -1) ? '?' : '&') + serializedParams;
	      }
	      return url;
	    }
	  }];
	}

	function createXhr() {
	    return new window.XMLHttpRequest();
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $httpBackend
	 * @requires $window
	 * @requires $document
	 *
	 * @description
	 * HTTP backend used by the {@link ng.$http service} that delegates to
	 * XMLHttpRequest object or JSONP and deals with browser incompatibilities.
	 *
	 * You should never need to use this service directly, instead use the higher-level abstractions:
	 * {@link ng.$http $http} or {@link ngResource.$resource $resource}.
	 *
	 * During testing this implementation is swapped with {@link ngMock.$httpBackend mock
	 * $httpBackend} which can be trained with responses.
	 */
	function $HttpBackendProvider() {
	  this.$get = ['$browser', '$window', '$document', function($browser, $window, $document) {
	    return createHttpBackend($browser, createXhr, $browser.defer, $window.angular.callbacks, $document[0]);
	  }];
	}

	function createHttpBackend($browser, createXhr, $browserDefer, callbacks, rawDocument) {
	  // TODO(vojta): fix the signature
	  return function(method, url, post, callback, headers, timeout, withCredentials, responseType) {
	    $browser.$$incOutstandingRequestCount();
	    url = url || $browser.url();

	    if (lowercase(method) == 'jsonp') {
	      var callbackId = '_' + (callbacks.counter++).toString(36);
	      callbacks[callbackId] = function(data) {
	        callbacks[callbackId].data = data;
	        callbacks[callbackId].called = true;
	      };

	      var jsonpDone = jsonpReq(url.replace('JSON_CALLBACK', 'angular.callbacks.' + callbackId),
	          callbackId, function(status, text) {
	        completeRequest(callback, status, callbacks[callbackId].data, "", text);
	        callbacks[callbackId] = noop;
	      });
	    } else {

	      var xhr = createXhr();

	      xhr.open(method, url, true);
	      forEach(headers, function(value, key) {
	        if (isDefined(value)) {
	            xhr.setRequestHeader(key, value);
	        }
	      });

	      xhr.onload = function requestLoaded() {
	        var statusText = xhr.statusText || '';

	        // responseText is the old-school way of retrieving response (supported by IE8 & 9)
	        // response/responseType properties were introduced in XHR Level2 spec (supported by IE10)
	        var response = ('response' in xhr) ? xhr.response : xhr.responseText;

	        // normalize IE9 bug (http://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/1450)
	        var status = xhr.status === 1223 ? 204 : xhr.status;

	        // fix status code when it is 0 (0 status is undocumented).
	        // Occurs when accessing file resources or on Android 4.1 stock browser
	        // while retrieving files from application cache.
	        if (status === 0) {
	          status = response ? 200 : urlResolve(url).protocol == 'file' ? 404 : 0;
	        }

	        completeRequest(callback,
	            status,
	            response,
	            xhr.getAllResponseHeaders(),
	            statusText);
	      };

	      var requestError = function() {
	        // The response is always empty
	        // See https://xhr.spec.whatwg.org/#request-error-steps and https://fetch.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-network-error
	        completeRequest(callback, -1, null, null, '');
	      };

	      xhr.onerror = requestError;
	      xhr.onabort = requestError;

	      if (withCredentials) {
	        xhr.withCredentials = true;
	      }

	      if (responseType) {
	        try {
	          xhr.responseType = responseType;
	        } catch (e) {
	          // WebKit added support for the json responseType value on 09/03/2013
	          // https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=73648. Versions of Safari prior to 7 are
	          // known to throw when setting the value "json" as the response type. Other older
	          // browsers implementing the responseType
	          //
	          // The json response type can be ignored if not supported, because JSON payloads are
	          // parsed on the client-side regardless.
	          if (responseType !== 'json') {
	            throw e;
	          }
	        }
	      }

	      xhr.send(post);
	    }

	    if (timeout > 0) {
	      var timeoutId = $browserDefer(timeoutRequest, timeout);
	    } else if (isPromiseLike(timeout)) {
	      timeout.then(timeoutRequest);
	    }


	    function timeoutRequest() {
	      jsonpDone && jsonpDone();
	      xhr && xhr.abort();
	    }

	    function completeRequest(callback, status, response, headersString, statusText) {
	      // cancel timeout and subsequent timeout promise resolution
	      if (timeoutId !== undefined) {
	        $browserDefer.cancel(timeoutId);
	      }
	      jsonpDone = xhr = null;

	      callback(status, response, headersString, statusText);
	      $browser.$$completeOutstandingRequest(noop);
	    }
	  };

	  function jsonpReq(url, callbackId, done) {
	    // we can't use jQuery/jqLite here because jQuery does crazy stuff with script elements, e.g.:
	    // - fetches local scripts via XHR and evals them
	    // - adds and immediately removes script elements from the document
	    var script = rawDocument.createElement('script'), callback = null;
	    script.type = "text/javascript";
	    script.src = url;
	    script.async = true;

	    callback = function(event) {
	      removeEventListenerFn(script, "load", callback);
	      removeEventListenerFn(script, "error", callback);
	      rawDocument.body.removeChild(script);
	      script = null;
	      var status = -1;
	      var text = "unknown";

	      if (event) {
	        if (event.type === "load" && !callbacks[callbackId].called) {
	          event = { type: "error" };
	        }
	        text = event.type;
	        status = event.type === "error" ? 404 : 200;
	      }

	      if (done) {
	        done(status, text);
	      }
	    };

	    addEventListenerFn(script, "load", callback);
	    addEventListenerFn(script, "error", callback);
	    rawDocument.body.appendChild(script);
	    return callback;
	  }
	}

	var $interpolateMinErr = angular.$interpolateMinErr = minErr('$interpolate');
	$interpolateMinErr.throwNoconcat = function(text) {
	  throw $interpolateMinErr('noconcat',
	      "Error while interpolating: {0}\nStrict Contextual Escaping disallows " +
	      "interpolations that concatenate multiple expressions when a trusted value is " +
	      "required.  See http://docs.angularjs.org/api/ng.$sce", text);
	};

	$interpolateMinErr.interr = function(text, err) {
	  return $interpolateMinErr('interr', "Can't interpolate: {0}\n{1}", text, err.toString());
	};

	/**
	 * @ngdoc provider
	 * @name $interpolateProvider
	 *
	 * @description
	 *
	 * Used for configuring the interpolation markup. Defaults to `{{` and `}}`.
	 *
	 * @example
	<example module="customInterpolationApp">
	<file name="index.html">
	<script>
	  var customInterpolationApp = angular.module('customInterpolationApp', []);

	  customInterpolationApp.config(function($interpolateProvider) {
	    $interpolateProvider.startSymbol('//');
	    $interpolateProvider.endSymbol('//');
	  });


	  customInterpolationApp.controller('DemoController', function() {
	      this.label = "This binding is brought you by // interpolation symbols.";
	  });
	</script>
	<div ng-app="App" ng-controller="DemoController as demo">
	    //demo.label//
	</div>
	</file>
	<file name="protractor.js" type="protractor">
	  it('should interpolate binding with custom symbols', function() {
	    expect(element(by.binding('demo.label')).getText()).toBe('This binding is brought you by // interpolation symbols.');
	  });
	</file>
	</example>
	 */
	function $InterpolateProvider() {
	  var startSymbol = '{{';
	  var endSymbol = '}}';

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $interpolateProvider#startSymbol
	   * @description
	   * Symbol to denote start of expression in the interpolated string. Defaults to `{{`.
	   *
	   * @param {string=} value new value to set the starting symbol to.
	   * @returns {string|self} Returns the symbol when used as getter and self if used as setter.
	   */
	  this.startSymbol = function(value) {
	    if (value) {
	      startSymbol = value;
	      return this;
	    } else {
	      return startSymbol;
	    }
	  };

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $interpolateProvider#endSymbol
	   * @description
	   * Symbol to denote the end of expression in the interpolated string. Defaults to `}}`.
	   *
	   * @param {string=} value new value to set the ending symbol to.
	   * @returns {string|self} Returns the symbol when used as getter and self if used as setter.
	   */
	  this.endSymbol = function(value) {
	    if (value) {
	      endSymbol = value;
	      return this;
	    } else {
	      return endSymbol;
	    }
	  };


	  this.$get = ['$parse', '$exceptionHandler', '$sce', function($parse, $exceptionHandler, $sce) {
	    var startSymbolLength = startSymbol.length,
	        endSymbolLength = endSymbol.length,
	        escapedStartRegexp = new RegExp(startSymbol.replace(/./g, escape), 'g'),
	        escapedEndRegexp = new RegExp(endSymbol.replace(/./g, escape), 'g');

	    function escape(ch) {
	      return '\\\\\\' + ch;
	    }

	    function unescapeText(text) {
	      return text.replace(escapedStartRegexp, startSymbol).
	        replace(escapedEndRegexp, endSymbol);
	    }

	    function stringify(value) {
	      if (value == null) { // null || undefined
	        return '';
	      }
	      switch (typeof value) {
	        case 'string':
	          break;
	        case 'number':
	          value = '' + value;
	          break;
	        default:
	          value = toJson(value);
	      }

	      return value;
	    }

	    /**
	     * @ngdoc service
	     * @name $interpolate
	     * @kind function
	     *
	     * @requires $parse
	     * @requires $sce
	     *
	     * @description
	     *
	     * Compiles a string with markup into an interpolation function. This service is used by the
	     * HTML {@link ng.$compile $compile} service for data binding. See
	     * {@link ng.$interpolateProvider $interpolateProvider} for configuring the
	     * interpolation markup.
	     *
	     *
	     * ```js
	     *   var $interpolate = ...; // injected
	     *   var exp = $interpolate('Hello {{name | uppercase}}!');
	     *   expect(exp({name:'Angular'}).toEqual('Hello ANGULAR!');
	     * ```
	     *
	     * `$interpolate` takes an optional fourth argument, `allOrNothing`. If `allOrNothing` is
	     * `true`, the interpolation function will return `undefined` unless all embedded expressions
	     * evaluate to a value other than `undefined`.
	     *
	     * ```js
	     *   var $interpolate = ...; // injected
	     *   var context = {greeting: 'Hello', name: undefined };
	     *
	     *   // default "forgiving" mode
	     *   var exp = $interpolate('{{greeting}} {{name}}!');
	     *   expect(exp(context)).toEqual('Hello !');
	     *
	     *   // "allOrNothing" mode
	     *   exp = $interpolate('{{greeting}} {{name}}!', false, null, true);
	     *   expect(exp(context)).toBeUndefined();
	     *   context.name = 'Angular';
	     *   expect(exp(context)).toEqual('Hello Angular!');
	     * ```
	     *
	     * `allOrNothing` is useful for interpolating URLs. `ngSrc` and `ngSrcset` use this behavior.
	     *
	     * ####Escaped Interpolation
	     * $interpolate provides a mechanism for escaping interpolation markers. Start and end markers
	     * can be escaped by preceding each of their characters with a REVERSE SOLIDUS U+005C (backslash).
	     * It will be rendered as a regular start/end marker, and will not be interpreted as an expression
	     * or binding.
	     *
	     * This enables web-servers to prevent script injection attacks and defacing attacks, to some
	     * degree, while also enabling code examples to work without relying on the
	     * {@link ng.directive:ngNonBindable ngNonBindable} directive.
	     *
	     * **For security purposes, it is strongly encouraged that web servers escape user-supplied data,
	     * replacing angle brackets (&lt;, &gt;) with &amp;lt; and &amp;gt; respectively, and replacing all
	     * interpolation start/end markers with their escaped counterparts.**
	     *
	     * Escaped interpolation markers are only replaced with the actual interpolation markers in rendered
	     * output when the $interpolate service processes the text. So, for HTML elements interpolated
	     * by {@link ng.$compile $compile}, or otherwise interpolated with the `mustHaveExpression` parameter
	     * set to `true`, the interpolated text must contain an unescaped interpolation expression. As such,
	     * this is typically useful only when user-data is used in rendering a template from the server, or
	     * when otherwise untrusted data is used by a directive.
	     *
	     * <example>
	     *  <file name="index.html">
	     *    <div ng-init="username='A user'">
	     *      <p ng-init="apptitle='Escaping demo'">{{apptitle}}: \{\{ username = "defaced value"; \}\}
	     *        </p>
	     *      <p><strong>{{username}}</strong> attempts to inject code which will deface the
	     *        application, but fails to accomplish their task, because the server has correctly
	     *        escaped the interpolation start/end markers with REVERSE SOLIDUS U+005C (backslash)
	     *        characters.</p>
	     *      <p>Instead, the result of the attempted script injection is visible, and can be removed
	     *        from the database by an administrator.</p>
	     *    </div>
	     *  </file>
	     * </example>
	     *
	     * @param {string} text The text with markup to interpolate.
	     * @param {boolean=} mustHaveExpression if set to true then the interpolation string must have
	     *    embedded expression in order to return an interpolation function. Strings with no
	     *    embedded expression will return null for the interpolation function.
	     * @param {string=} trustedContext when provided, the returned function passes the interpolated
	     *    result through {@link ng.$sce#getTrusted $sce.getTrusted(interpolatedResult,
	     *    trustedContext)} before returning it.  Refer to the {@link ng.$sce $sce} service that
	     *    provides Strict Contextual Escaping for details.
	     * @param {boolean=} allOrNothing if `true`, then the returned function returns undefined
	     *    unless all embedded expressions evaluate to a value other than `undefined`.
	     * @returns {function(context)} an interpolation function which is used to compute the
	     *    interpolated string. The function has these parameters:
	     *
	     * - `context`: evaluation context for all expressions embedded in the interpolated text
	     */
	    function $interpolate(text, mustHaveExpression, trustedContext, allOrNothing) {
	      allOrNothing = !!allOrNothing;
	      var startIndex,
	          endIndex,
	          index = 0,
	          expressions = [],
	          parseFns = [],
	          textLength = text.length,
	          exp,
	          concat = [],
	          expressionPositions = [];

	      while (index < textLength) {
	        if (((startIndex = text.indexOf(startSymbol, index)) != -1) &&
	             ((endIndex = text.indexOf(endSymbol, startIndex + startSymbolLength)) != -1)) {
	          if (index !== startIndex) {
	            concat.push(unescapeText(text.substring(index, startIndex)));
	          }
	          exp = text.substring(startIndex + startSymbolLength, endIndex);
	          expressions.push(exp);
	          parseFns.push($parse(exp, parseStringifyInterceptor));
	          index = endIndex + endSymbolLength;
	          expressionPositions.push(concat.length);
	          concat.push('');
	        } else {
	          // we did not find an interpolation, so we have to add the remainder to the separators array
	          if (index !== textLength) {
	            concat.push(unescapeText(text.substring(index)));
	          }
	          break;
	        }
	      }

	      // Concatenating expressions makes it hard to reason about whether some combination of
	      // concatenated values are unsafe to use and could easily lead to XSS.  By requiring that a
	      // single expression be used for iframe[src], object[src], etc., we ensure that the value
	      // that's used is assigned or constructed by some JS code somewhere that is more testable or
	      // make it obvious that you bound the value to some user controlled value.  This helps reduce
	      // the load when auditing for XSS issues.
	      if (trustedContext && concat.length > 1) {
	          $interpolateMinErr.throwNoconcat(text);
	      }

	      if (!mustHaveExpression || expressions.length) {
	        var compute = function(values) {
	          for (var i = 0, ii = expressions.length; i < ii; i++) {
	            if (allOrNothing && isUndefined(values[i])) return;
	            concat[expressionPositions[i]] = values[i];
	          }
	          return concat.join('');
	        };

	        var getValue = function(value) {
	          return trustedContext ?
	            $sce.getTrusted(trustedContext, value) :
	            $sce.valueOf(value);
	        };

	        return extend(function interpolationFn(context) {
	            var i = 0;
	            var ii = expressions.length;
	            var values = new Array(ii);

	            try {
	              for (; i < ii; i++) {
	                values[i] = parseFns[i](context);
	              }

	              return compute(values);
	            } catch (err) {
	              $exceptionHandler($interpolateMinErr.interr(text, err));
	            }

	          }, {
	          // all of these properties are undocumented for now
	          exp: text, //just for compatibility with regular watchers created via $watch
	          expressions: expressions,
	          $$watchDelegate: function(scope, listener) {
	            var lastValue;
	            return scope.$watchGroup(parseFns, function interpolateFnWatcher(values, oldValues) {
	              var currValue = compute(values);
	              if (isFunction(listener)) {
	                listener.call(this, currValue, values !== oldValues ? lastValue : currValue, scope);
	              }
	              lastValue = currValue;
	            });
	          }
	        });
	      }

	      function parseStringifyInterceptor(value) {
	        try {
	          value = getValue(value);
	          return allOrNothing && !isDefined(value) ? value : stringify(value);
	        } catch (err) {
	          $exceptionHandler($interpolateMinErr.interr(text, err));
	        }
	      }
	    }


	    /**
	     * @ngdoc method
	     * @name $interpolate#startSymbol
	     * @description
	     * Symbol to denote the start of expression in the interpolated string. Defaults to `{{`.
	     *
	     * Use {@link ng.$interpolateProvider#startSymbol `$interpolateProvider.startSymbol`} to change
	     * the symbol.
	     *
	     * @returns {string} start symbol.
	     */
	    $interpolate.startSymbol = function() {
	      return startSymbol;
	    };


	    /**
	     * @ngdoc method
	     * @name $interpolate#endSymbol
	     * @description
	     * Symbol to denote the end of expression in the interpolated string. Defaults to `}}`.
	     *
	     * Use {@link ng.$interpolateProvider#endSymbol `$interpolateProvider.endSymbol`} to change
	     * the symbol.
	     *
	     * @returns {string} end symbol.
	     */
	    $interpolate.endSymbol = function() {
	      return endSymbol;
	    };

	    return $interpolate;
	  }];
	}

	function $IntervalProvider() {
	  this.$get = ['$rootScope', '$window', '$q', '$$q',
	       function($rootScope,   $window,   $q,   $$q) {
	    var intervals = {};


	     /**
	      * @ngdoc service
	      * @name $interval
	      *
	      * @description
	      * Angular's wrapper for `window.setInterval`. The `fn` function is executed every `delay`
	      * milliseconds.
	      *
	      * The return value of registering an interval function is a promise. This promise will be
	      * notified upon each tick of the interval, and will be resolved after `count` iterations, or
	      * run indefinitely if `count` is not defined. The value of the notification will be the
	      * number of iterations that have run.
	      * To cancel an interval, call `$interval.cancel(promise)`.
	      *
	      * In tests you can use {@link ngMock.$interval#flush `$interval.flush(millis)`} to
	      * move forward by `millis` milliseconds and trigger any functions scheduled to run in that
	      * time.
	      *
	      * <div class="alert alert-warning">
	      * **Note**: Intervals created by this service must be explicitly destroyed when you are finished
	      * with them.  In particular they are not automatically destroyed when a controller's scope or a
	      * directive's element are destroyed.
	      * You should take this into consideration and make sure to always cancel the interval at the
	      * appropriate moment.  See the example below for more details on how and when to do this.
	      * </div>
	      *
	      * @param {function()} fn A function that should be called repeatedly.
	      * @param {number} delay Number of milliseconds between each function call.
	      * @param {number=} [count=0] Number of times to repeat. If not set, or 0, will repeat
	      *   indefinitely.
	      * @param {boolean=} [invokeApply=true] If set to `false` skips model dirty checking, otherwise
	      *   will invoke `fn` within the {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$apply $apply} block.
	      * @param {...*=} Pass additional parameters to the executed function.
	      * @returns {promise} A promise which will be notified on each iteration.
	      *
	      * @example
	      * <example module="intervalExample">
	      * <file name="index.html">
	      *   <script>
	      *     angular.module('intervalExample', [])
	      *       .controller('ExampleController', ['$scope', '$interval',
	      *         function($scope, $interval) {
	      *           $scope.format = 'M/d/yy h:mm:ss a';
	      *           $scope.blood_1 = 100;
	      *           $scope.blood_2 = 120;
	      *
	      *           var stop;
	      *           $scope.fight = function() {
	      *             // Don't start a new fight if we are already fighting
	      *             if ( angular.isDefined(stop) ) return;
	      *
	      *             stop = $interval(function() {
	      *               if ($scope.blood_1 > 0 && $scope.blood_2 > 0) {
	      *                 $scope.blood_1 = $scope.blood_1 - 3;
	      *                 $scope.blood_2 = $scope.blood_2 - 4;
	      *               } else {
	      *                 $scope.stopFight();
	      *               }
	      *             }, 100);
	      *           };
	      *
	      *           $scope.stopFight = function() {
	      *             if (angular.isDefined(stop)) {
	      *               $interval.cancel(stop);
	      *               stop = undefined;
	      *             }
	      *           };
	      *
	      *           $scope.resetFight = function() {
	      *             $scope.blood_1 = 100;
	      *             $scope.blood_2 = 120;
	      *           };
	      *
	      *           $scope.$on('$destroy', function() {
	      *             // Make sure that the interval is destroyed too
	      *             $scope.stopFight();
	      *           });
	      *         }])
	      *       // Register the 'myCurrentTime' directive factory method.
	      *       // We inject $interval and dateFilter service since the factory method is DI.
	      *       .directive('myCurrentTime', ['$interval', 'dateFilter',
	      *         function($interval, dateFilter) {
	      *           // return the directive link function. (compile function not needed)
	      *           return function(scope, element, attrs) {
	      *             var format,  // date format
	      *                 stopTime; // so that we can cancel the time updates
	      *
	      *             // used to update the UI
	      *             function updateTime() {
	      *               element.text(dateFilter(new Date(), format));
	      *             }
	      *
	      *             // watch the expression, and update the UI on change.
	      *             scope.$watch(attrs.myCurrentTime, function(value) {
	      *               format = value;
	      *               updateTime();
	      *             });
	      *
	      *             stopTime = $interval(updateTime, 1000);
	      *
	      *             // listen on DOM destroy (removal) event, and cancel the next UI update
	      *             // to prevent updating time after the DOM element was removed.
	      *             element.on('$destroy', function() {
	      *               $interval.cancel(stopTime);
	      *             });
	      *           }
	      *         }]);
	      *   </script>
	      *
	      *   <div>
	      *     <div ng-controller="ExampleController">
	      *       <label>Date format: <input ng-model="format"></label> <hr/>
	      *       Current time is: <span my-current-time="format"></span>
	      *       <hr/>
	      *       Blood 1 : <font color='red'>{{blood_1}}</font>
	      *       Blood 2 : <font color='red'>{{blood_2}}</font>
	      *       <button type="button" data-ng-click="fight()">Fight</button>
	      *       <button type="button" data-ng-click="stopFight()">StopFight</button>
	      *       <button type="button" data-ng-click="resetFight()">resetFight</button>
	      *     </div>
	      *   </div>
	      *
	      * </file>
	      * </example>
	      */
	    function interval(fn, delay, count, invokeApply) {
	      var hasParams = arguments.length > 4,
	          args = hasParams ? sliceArgs(arguments, 4) : [],
	          setInterval = $window.setInterval,
	          clearInterval = $window.clearInterval,
	          iteration = 0,
	          skipApply = (isDefined(invokeApply) && !invokeApply),
	          deferred = (skipApply ? $$q : $q).defer(),
	          promise = deferred.promise;

	      count = isDefined(count) ? count : 0;

	      promise.then(null, null, (!hasParams) ? fn : function() {
	        fn.apply(null, args);
	      });

	      promise.$$intervalId = setInterval(function tick() {
	        deferred.notify(iteration++);

	        if (count > 0 && iteration >= count) {
	          deferred.resolve(iteration);
	          clearInterval(promise.$$intervalId);
	          delete intervals[promise.$$intervalId];
	        }

	        if (!skipApply) $rootScope.$apply();

	      }, delay);

	      intervals[promise.$$intervalId] = deferred;

	      return promise;
	    }


	     /**
	      * @ngdoc method
	      * @name $interval#cancel
	      *
	      * @description
	      * Cancels a task associated with the `promise`.
	      *
	      * @param {promise} promise returned by the `$interval` function.
	      * @returns {boolean} Returns `true` if the task was successfully canceled.
	      */
	    interval.cancel = function(promise) {
	      if (promise && promise.$$intervalId in intervals) {
	        intervals[promise.$$intervalId].reject('canceled');
	        $window.clearInterval(promise.$$intervalId);
	        delete intervals[promise.$$intervalId];
	        return true;
	      }
	      return false;
	    };

	    return interval;
	  }];
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $locale
	 *
	 * @description
	 * $locale service provides localization rules for various Angular components. As of right now the
	 * only public api is:
	 *
	 * * `id` – `{string}` – locale id formatted as `languageId-countryId` (e.g. `en-us`)
	 */
	function $LocaleProvider() {
	  this.$get = function() {
	    return {
	      id: 'en-us',

	      NUMBER_FORMATS: {
	        DECIMAL_SEP: '.',
	        GROUP_SEP: ',',
	        PATTERNS: [
	          { // Decimal Pattern
	            minInt: 1,
	            minFrac: 0,
	            maxFrac: 3,
	            posPre: '',
	            posSuf: '',
	            negPre: '-',
	            negSuf: '',
	            gSize: 3,
	            lgSize: 3
	          },{ //Currency Pattern
	            minInt: 1,
	            minFrac: 2,
	            maxFrac: 2,
	            posPre: '\u00A4',
	            posSuf: '',
	            negPre: '(\u00A4',
	            negSuf: ')',
	            gSize: 3,
	            lgSize: 3
	          }
	        ],
	        CURRENCY_SYM: '$'
	      },

	      DATETIME_FORMATS: {
	        MONTH:
	            'January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December'
	            .split(','),
	        SHORTMONTH:  'Jan,Feb,Mar,Apr,May,Jun,Jul,Aug,Sep,Oct,Nov,Dec'.split(','),
	        DAY: 'Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday'.split(','),
	        SHORTDAY: 'Sun,Mon,Tue,Wed,Thu,Fri,Sat'.split(','),
	        AMPMS: ['AM','PM'],
	        medium: 'MMM d, y h:mm:ss a',
	        'short': 'M/d/yy h:mm a',
	        fullDate: 'EEEE, MMMM d, y',
	        longDate: 'MMMM d, y',
	        mediumDate: 'MMM d, y',
	        shortDate: 'M/d/yy',
	        mediumTime: 'h:mm:ss a',
	        shortTime: 'h:mm a',
	        ERANAMES: [
	          "Before Christ",
	          "Anno Domini"
	        ],
	        ERAS: [
	          "BC",
	          "AD"
	        ]
	      },

	      pluralCat: function(num) {
	        if (num === 1) {
	          return 'one';
	        }
	        return 'other';
	      }
	    };
	  };
	}

	var PATH_MATCH = /^([^\?#]*)(\?([^#]*))?(#(.*))?$/,
	    DEFAULT_PORTS = {'http': 80, 'https': 443, 'ftp': 21};
	var $locationMinErr = minErr('$location');


	/**
	 * Encode path using encodeUriSegment, ignoring forward slashes
	 *
	 * @param {string} path Path to encode
	 * @returns {string}
	 */
	function encodePath(path) {
	  var segments = path.split('/'),
	      i = segments.length;

	  while (i--) {
	    segments[i] = encodeUriSegment(segments[i]);
	  }

	  return segments.join('/');
	}

	function parseAbsoluteUrl(absoluteUrl, locationObj) {
	  var parsedUrl = urlResolve(absoluteUrl);

	  locationObj.$$protocol = parsedUrl.protocol;
	  locationObj.$$host = parsedUrl.hostname;
	  locationObj.$$port = toInt(parsedUrl.port) || DEFAULT_PORTS[parsedUrl.protocol] || null;
	}


	function parseAppUrl(relativeUrl, locationObj) {
	  var prefixed = (relativeUrl.charAt(0) !== '/');
	  if (prefixed) {
	    relativeUrl = '/' + relativeUrl;
	  }
	  var match = urlResolve(relativeUrl);
	  locationObj.$$path = decodeURIComponent(prefixed && match.pathname.charAt(0) === '/' ?
	      match.pathname.substring(1) : match.pathname);
	  locationObj.$$search = parseKeyValue(match.search);
	  locationObj.$$hash = decodeURIComponent(match.hash);

	  // make sure path starts with '/';
	  if (locationObj.$$path && locationObj.$$path.charAt(0) != '/') {
	    locationObj.$$path = '/' + locationObj.$$path;
	  }
	}


	/**
	 *
	 * @param {string} begin
	 * @param {string} whole
	 * @returns {string} returns text from whole after begin or undefined if it does not begin with
	 *                   expected string.
	 */
	function beginsWith(begin, whole) {
	  if (whole.indexOf(begin) === 0) {
	    return whole.substr(begin.length);
	  }
	}


	function stripHash(url) {
	  var index = url.indexOf('#');
	  return index == -1 ? url : url.substr(0, index);
	}

	function trimEmptyHash(url) {
	  return url.replace(/(#.+)|#$/, '$1');
	}


	function stripFile(url) {
	  return url.substr(0, stripHash(url).lastIndexOf('/') + 1);
	}

	/* return the server only (scheme://host:port) */
	function serverBase(url) {
	  return url.substring(0, url.indexOf('/', url.indexOf('//') + 2));
	}


	/**
	 * LocationHtml5Url represents an url
	 * This object is exposed as $location service when HTML5 mode is enabled and supported
	 *
	 * @constructor
	 * @param {string} appBase application base URL
	 * @param {string} basePrefix url path prefix
	 */
	function LocationHtml5Url(appBase, basePrefix) {
	  this.$$html5 = true;
	  basePrefix = basePrefix || '';
	  var appBaseNoFile = stripFile(appBase);
	  parseAbsoluteUrl(appBase, this);


	  /**
	   * Parse given html5 (regular) url string into properties
	   * @param {string} url HTML5 url
	   * @private
	   */
	  this.$$parse = function(url) {
	    var pathUrl = beginsWith(appBaseNoFile, url);
	    if (!isString(pathUrl)) {
	      throw $locationMinErr('ipthprfx', 'Invalid url "{0}", missing path prefix "{1}".', url,
	          appBaseNoFile);
	    }

	    parseAppUrl(pathUrl, this);

	    if (!this.$$path) {
	      this.$$path = '/';
	    }

	    this.$$compose();
	  };

	  /**
	   * Compose url and update `absUrl` property
	   * @private
	   */
	  this.$$compose = function() {
	    var search = toKeyValue(this.$$search),
	        hash = this.$$hash ? '#' + encodeUriSegment(this.$$hash) : '';

	    this.$$url = encodePath(this.$$path) + (search ? '?' + search : '') + hash;
	    this.$$absUrl = appBaseNoFile + this.$$url.substr(1); // first char is always '/'
	  };

	  this.$$parseLinkUrl = function(url, relHref) {
	    if (relHref && relHref[0] === '#') {
	      // special case for links to hash fragments:
	      // keep the old url and only replace the hash fragment
	      this.hash(relHref.slice(1));
	      return true;
	    }
	    var appUrl, prevAppUrl;
	    var rewrittenUrl;

	    if ((appUrl = beginsWith(appBase, url)) !== undefined) {
	      prevAppUrl = appUrl;
	      if ((appUrl = beginsWith(basePrefix, appUrl)) !== undefined) {
	        rewrittenUrl = appBaseNoFile + (beginsWith('/', appUrl) || appUrl);
	      } else {
	        rewrittenUrl = appBase + prevAppUrl;
	      }
	    } else if ((appUrl = beginsWith(appBaseNoFile, url)) !== undefined) {
	      rewrittenUrl = appBaseNoFile + appUrl;
	    } else if (appBaseNoFile == url + '/') {
	      rewrittenUrl = appBaseNoFile;
	    }
	    if (rewrittenUrl) {
	      this.$$parse(rewrittenUrl);
	    }
	    return !!rewrittenUrl;
	  };
	}


	/**
	 * LocationHashbangUrl represents url
	 * This object is exposed as $location service when developer doesn't opt into html5 mode.
	 * It also serves as the base class for html5 mode fallback on legacy browsers.
	 *
	 * @constructor
	 * @param {string} appBase application base URL
	 * @param {string} hashPrefix hashbang prefix
	 */
	function LocationHashbangUrl(appBase, hashPrefix) {
	  var appBaseNoFile = stripFile(appBase);

	  parseAbsoluteUrl(appBase, this);


	  /**
	   * Parse given hashbang url into properties
	   * @param {string} url Hashbang url
	   * @private
	   */
	  this.$$parse = function(url) {
	    var withoutBaseUrl = beginsWith(appBase, url) || beginsWith(appBaseNoFile, url);
	    var withoutHashUrl;

	    if (withoutBaseUrl.charAt(0) === '#') {

	      // The rest of the url starts with a hash so we have
	      // got either a hashbang path or a plain hash fragment
	      withoutHashUrl = beginsWith(hashPrefix, withoutBaseUrl);
	      if (isUndefined(withoutHashUrl)) {
	        // There was no hashbang prefix so we just have a hash fragment
	        withoutHashUrl = withoutBaseUrl;
	      }

	    } else {
	      // There was no hashbang path nor hash fragment:
	      // If we are in HTML5 mode we use what is left as the path;
	      // Otherwise we ignore what is left
	      withoutHashUrl = this.$$html5 ? withoutBaseUrl : '';
	    }

	    parseAppUrl(withoutHashUrl, this);

	    this.$$path = removeWindowsDriveName(this.$$path, withoutHashUrl, appBase);

	    this.$$compose();

	    /*
	     * In Windows, on an anchor node on documents loaded from
	     * the filesystem, the browser will return a pathname
	     * prefixed with the drive name ('/C:/path') when a
	     * pathname without a drive is set:
	     *  * a.setAttribute('href', '/foo')
	     *   * a.pathname === '/C:/foo' //true
	     *
	     * Inside of Angular, we're always using pathnames that
	     * do not include drive names for routing.
	     */
	    function removeWindowsDriveName(path, url, base) {
	      /*
	      Matches paths for file protocol on windows,
	      such as /C:/foo/bar, and captures only /foo/bar.
	      */
	      var windowsFilePathExp = /^\/[A-Z]:(\/.*)/;

	      var firstPathSegmentMatch;

	      //Get the relative path from the input URL.
	      if (url.indexOf(base) === 0) {
	        url = url.replace(base, '');
	      }

	      // The input URL intentionally contains a first path segment that ends with a colon.
	      if (windowsFilePathExp.exec(url)) {
	        return path;
	      }

	      firstPathSegmentMatch = windowsFilePathExp.exec(path);
	      return firstPathSegmentMatch ? firstPathSegmentMatch[1] : path;
	    }
	  };

	  /**
	   * Compose hashbang url and update `absUrl` property
	   * @private
	   */
	  this.$$compose = function() {
	    var search = toKeyValue(this.$$search),
	        hash = this.$$hash ? '#' + encodeUriSegment(this.$$hash) : '';

	    this.$$url = encodePath(this.$$path) + (search ? '?' + search : '') + hash;
	    this.$$absUrl = appBase + (this.$$url ? hashPrefix + this.$$url : '');
	  };

	  this.$$parseLinkUrl = function(url, relHref) {
	    if (stripHash(appBase) == stripHash(url)) {
	      this.$$parse(url);
	      return true;
	    }
	    return false;
	  };
	}


	/**
	 * LocationHashbangUrl represents url
	 * This object is exposed as $location service when html5 history api is enabled but the browser
	 * does not support it.
	 *
	 * @constructor
	 * @param {string} appBase application base URL
	 * @param {string} hashPrefix hashbang prefix
	 */
	function LocationHashbangInHtml5Url(appBase, hashPrefix) {
	  this.$$html5 = true;
	  LocationHashbangUrl.apply(this, arguments);

	  var appBaseNoFile = stripFile(appBase);

	  this.$$parseLinkUrl = function(url, relHref) {
	    if (relHref && relHref[0] === '#') {
	      // special case for links to hash fragments:
	      // keep the old url and only replace the hash fragment
	      this.hash(relHref.slice(1));
	      return true;
	    }

	    var rewrittenUrl;
	    var appUrl;

	    if (appBase == stripHash(url)) {
	      rewrittenUrl = url;
	    } else if ((appUrl = beginsWith(appBaseNoFile, url))) {
	      rewrittenUrl = appBase + hashPrefix + appUrl;
	    } else if (appBaseNoFile === url + '/') {
	      rewrittenUrl = appBaseNoFile;
	    }
	    if (rewrittenUrl) {
	      this.$$parse(rewrittenUrl);
	    }
	    return !!rewrittenUrl;
	  };

	  this.$$compose = function() {
	    var search = toKeyValue(this.$$search),
	        hash = this.$$hash ? '#' + encodeUriSegment(this.$$hash) : '';

	    this.$$url = encodePath(this.$$path) + (search ? '?' + search : '') + hash;
	    // include hashPrefix in $$absUrl when $$url is empty so IE8 & 9 do not reload page because of removal of '#'
	    this.$$absUrl = appBase + hashPrefix + this.$$url;
	  };

	}


	var locationPrototype = {

	  /**
	   * Are we in html5 mode?
	   * @private
	   */
	  $$html5: false,

	  /**
	   * Has any change been replacing?
	   * @private
	   */
	  $$replace: false,

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $location#absUrl
	   *
	   * @description
	   * This method is getter only.
	   *
	   * Return full url representation with all segments encoded according to rules specified in
	   * [RFC 3986](http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt).
	   *
	   *
	   * ```js
	   * // given url http://example.com/#/some/path?foo=bar&baz=xoxo
	   * var absUrl = $location.absUrl();
	   * // => "http://example.com/#/some/path?foo=bar&baz=xoxo"
	   * ```
	   *
	   * @return {string} full url
	   */
	  absUrl: locationGetter('$$absUrl'),

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $location#url
	   *
	   * @description
	   * This method is getter / setter.
	   *
	   * Return url (e.g. `/path?a=b#hash`) when called without any parameter.
	   *
	   * Change path, search and hash, when called with parameter and return `$location`.
	   *
	   *
	   * ```js
	   * // given url http://example.com/#/some/path?foo=bar&baz=xoxo
	   * var url = $location.url();
	   * // => "/some/path?foo=bar&baz=xoxo"
	   * ```
	   *
	   * @param {string=} url New url without base prefix (e.g. `/path?a=b#hash`)
	   * @return {string} url
	   */
	  url: function(url) {
	    if (isUndefined(url)) {
	      return this.$$url;
	    }

	    var match = PATH_MATCH.exec(url);
	    if (match[1] || url === '') this.path(decodeURIComponent(match[1]));
	    if (match[2] || match[1] || url === '') this.search(match[3] || '');
	    this.hash(match[5] || '');

	    return this;
	  },

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $location#protocol
	   *
	   * @description
	   * This method is getter only.
	   *
	   * Return protocol of current url.
	   *
	   *
	   * ```js
	   * // given url http://example.com/#/some/path?foo=bar&baz=xoxo
	   * var protocol = $location.protocol();
	   * // => "http"
	   * ```
	   *
	   * @return {string} protocol of current url
	   */
	  protocol: locationGetter('$$protocol'),

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $location#host
	   *
	   * @description
	   * This method is getter only.
	   *
	   * Return host of current url.
	   *
	   *
	   * ```js
	   * // given url http://example.com/#/some/path?foo=bar&baz=xoxo
	   * var host = $location.host();
	   * // => "example.com"
	   * ```
	   *
	   * @return {string} host of current url.
	   */
	  host: locationGetter('$$host'),

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $location#port
	   *
	   * @description
	   * This method is getter only.
	   *
	   * Return port of current url.
	   *
	   *
	   * ```js
	   * // given url http://example.com/#/some/path?foo=bar&baz=xoxo
	   * var port = $location.port();
	   * // => 80
	   * ```
	   *
	   * @return {Number} port
	   */
	  port: locationGetter('$$port'),

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $location#path
	   *
	   * @description
	   * This method is getter / setter.
	   *
	   * Return path of current url when called without any parameter.
	   *
	   * Change path when called with parameter and return `$location`.
	   *
	   * Note: Path should always begin with forward slash (/), this method will add the forward slash
	   * if it is missing.
	   *
	   *
	   * ```js
	   * // given url http://example.com/#/some/path?foo=bar&baz=xoxo
	   * var path = $location.path();
	   * // => "/some/path"
	   * ```
	   *
	   * @param {(string|number)=} path New path
	   * @return {string} path
	   */
	  path: locationGetterSetter('$$path', function(path) {
	    path = path !== null ? path.toString() : '';
	    return path.charAt(0) == '/' ? path : '/' + path;
	  }),

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $location#search
	   *
	   * @description
	   * This method is getter / setter.
	   *
	   * Return search part (as object) of current url when called without any parameter.
	   *
	   * Change search part when called with parameter and return `$location`.
	   *
	   *
	   * ```js
	   * // given url http://example.com/#/some/path?foo=bar&baz=xoxo
	   * var searchObject = $location.search();
	   * // => {foo: 'bar', baz: 'xoxo'}
	   *
	   * // set foo to 'yipee'
	   * $location.search('foo', 'yipee');
	   * // $location.search() => {foo: 'yipee', baz: 'xoxo'}
	   * ```
	   *
	   * @param {string|Object.<string>|Object.<Array.<string>>} search New search params - string or
	   * hash object.
	   *
	   * When called with a single argument the method acts as a setter, setting the `search` component
	   * of `$location` to the specified value.
	   *
	   * If the argument is a hash object containing an array of values, these values will be encoded
	   * as duplicate search parameters in the url.
	   *
	   * @param {(string|Number|Array<string>|boolean)=} paramValue If `search` is a string or number, then `paramValue`
	   * will override only a single search property.
	   *
	   * If `paramValue` is an array, it will override the property of the `search` component of
	   * `$location` specified via the first argument.
	   *
	   * If `paramValue` is `null`, the property specified via the first argument will be deleted.
	   *
	   * If `paramValue` is `true`, the property specified via the first argument will be added with no
	   * value nor trailing equal sign.
	   *
	   * @return {Object} If called with no arguments returns the parsed `search` object. If called with
	   * one or more arguments returns `$location` object itself.
	   */
	  search: function(search, paramValue) {
	    switch (arguments.length) {
	      case 0:
	        return this.$$search;
	      case 1:
	        if (isString(search) || isNumber(search)) {
	          search = search.toString();
	          this.$$search = parseKeyValue(search);
	        } else if (isObject(search)) {
	          search = copy(search, {});
	          // remove object undefined or null properties
	          forEach(search, function(value, key) {
	            if (value == null) delete search[key];
	          });

	          this.$$search = search;
	        } else {
	          throw $locationMinErr('isrcharg',
	              'The first argument of the `$location#search()` call must be a string or an object.');
	        }
	        break;
	      default:
	        if (isUndefined(paramValue) || paramValue === null) {
	          delete this.$$search[search];
	        } else {
	          this.$$search[search] = paramValue;
	        }
	    }

	    this.$$compose();
	    return this;
	  },

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $location#hash
	   *
	   * @description
	   * This method is getter / setter.
	   *
	   * Return hash fragment when called without any parameter.
	   *
	   * Change hash fragment when called with parameter and return `$location`.
	   *
	   *
	   * ```js
	   * // given url http://example.com/#/some/path?foo=bar&baz=xoxo#hashValue
	   * var hash = $location.hash();
	   * // => "hashValue"
	   * ```
	   *
	   * @param {(string|number)=} hash New hash fragment
	   * @return {string} hash
	   */
	  hash: locationGetterSetter('$$hash', function(hash) {
	    return hash !== null ? hash.toString() : '';
	  }),

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $location#replace
	   *
	   * @description
	   * If called, all changes to $location during current `$digest` will be replacing current history
	   * record, instead of adding new one.
	   */
	  replace: function() {
	    this.$$replace = true;
	    return this;
	  }
	};

	forEach([LocationHashbangInHtml5Url, LocationHashbangUrl, LocationHtml5Url], function(Location) {
	  Location.prototype = Object.create(locationPrototype);

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $location#state
	   *
	   * @description
	   * This method is getter / setter.
	   *
	   * Return the history state object when called without any parameter.
	   *
	   * Change the history state object when called with one parameter and return `$location`.
	   * The state object is later passed to `pushState` or `replaceState`.
	   *
	   * NOTE: This method is supported only in HTML5 mode and only in browsers supporting
	   * the HTML5 History API (i.e. methods `pushState` and `replaceState`). If you need to support
	   * older browsers (like IE9 or Android < 4.0), don't use this method.
	   *
	   * @param {object=} state State object for pushState or replaceState
	   * @return {object} state
	   */
	  Location.prototype.state = function(state) {
	    if (!arguments.length) {
	      return this.$$state;
	    }

	    if (Location !== LocationHtml5Url || !this.$$html5) {
	      throw $locationMinErr('nostate', 'History API state support is available only ' +
	        'in HTML5 mode and only in browsers supporting HTML5 History API');
	    }
	    // The user might modify `stateObject` after invoking `$location.state(stateObject)`
	    // but we're changing the $$state reference to $browser.state() during the $digest
	    // so the modification window is narrow.
	    this.$$state = isUndefined(state) ? null : state;

	    return this;
	  };
	});


	function locationGetter(property) {
	  return function() {
	    return this[property];
	  };
	}


	function locationGetterSetter(property, preprocess) {
	  return function(value) {
	    if (isUndefined(value)) {
	      return this[property];
	    }

	    this[property] = preprocess(value);
	    this.$$compose();

	    return this;
	  };
	}


	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $location
	 *
	 * @requires $rootElement
	 *
	 * @description
	 * The $location service parses the URL in the browser address bar (based on the
	 * [window.location](https://developer.mozilla.org/en/window.location)) and makes the URL
	 * available to your application. Changes to the URL in the address bar are reflected into
	 * $location service and changes to $location are reflected into the browser address bar.
	 *
	 * **The $location service:**
	 *
	 * - Exposes the current URL in the browser address bar, so you can
	 *   - Watch and observe the URL.
	 *   - Change the URL.
	 * - Synchronizes the URL with the browser when the user
	 *   - Changes the address bar.
	 *   - Clicks the back or forward button (or clicks a History link).
	 *   - Clicks on a link.
	 * - Represents the URL object as a set of methods (protocol, host, port, path, search, hash).
	 *
	 * For more information see {@link guide/$location Developer Guide: Using $location}
	 */

	/**
	 * @ngdoc provider
	 * @name $locationProvider
	 * @description
	 * Use the `$locationProvider` to configure how the application deep linking paths are stored.
	 */
	function $LocationProvider() {
	  var hashPrefix = '',
	      html5Mode = {
	        enabled: false,
	        requireBase: true,
	        rewriteLinks: true
	      };

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $locationProvider#hashPrefix
	   * @description
	   * @param {string=} prefix Prefix for hash part (containing path and search)
	   * @returns {*} current value if used as getter or itself (chaining) if used as setter
	   */
	  this.hashPrefix = function(prefix) {
	    if (isDefined(prefix)) {
	      hashPrefix = prefix;
	      return this;
	    } else {
	      return hashPrefix;
	    }
	  };

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $locationProvider#html5Mode
	   * @description
	   * @param {(boolean|Object)=} mode If boolean, sets `html5Mode.enabled` to value.
	   *   If object, sets `enabled`, `requireBase` and `rewriteLinks` to respective values. Supported
	   *   properties:
	   *   - **enabled** – `{boolean}` – (default: false) If true, will rely on `history.pushState` to
	   *     change urls where supported. Will fall back to hash-prefixed paths in browsers that do not
	   *     support `pushState`.
	   *   - **requireBase** - `{boolean}` - (default: `true`) When html5Mode is enabled, specifies
	   *     whether or not a <base> tag is required to be present. If `enabled` and `requireBase` are
	   *     true, and a base tag is not present, an error will be thrown when `$location` is injected.
	   *     See the {@link guide/$location $location guide for more information}
	   *   - **rewriteLinks** - `{boolean}` - (default: `true`) When html5Mode is enabled,
	   *     enables/disables url rewriting for relative links.
	   *
	   * @returns {Object} html5Mode object if used as getter or itself (chaining) if used as setter
	   */
	  this.html5Mode = function(mode) {
	    if (isBoolean(mode)) {
	      html5Mode.enabled = mode;
	      return this;
	    } else if (isObject(mode)) {

	      if (isBoolean(mode.enabled)) {
	        html5Mode.enabled = mode.enabled;
	      }

	      if (isBoolean(mode.requireBase)) {
	        html5Mode.requireBase = mode.requireBase;
	      }

	      if (isBoolean(mode.rewriteLinks)) {
	        html5Mode.rewriteLinks = mode.rewriteLinks;
	      }

	      return this;
	    } else {
	      return html5Mode;
	    }
	  };

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc event
	   * @name $location#$locationChangeStart
	   * @eventType broadcast on root scope
	   * @description
	   * Broadcasted before a URL will change.
	   *
	   * This change can be prevented by calling
	   * `preventDefault` method of the event. See {@link ng.$rootScope.Scope#$on} for more
	   * details about event object. Upon successful change
	   * {@link ng.$location#$locationChangeSuccess $locationChangeSuccess} is fired.
	   *
	   * The `newState` and `oldState` parameters may be defined only in HTML5 mode and when
	   * the browser supports the HTML5 History API.
	   *
	   * @param {Object} angularEvent Synthetic event object.
	   * @param {string} newUrl New URL
	   * @param {string=} oldUrl URL that was before it was changed.
	   * @param {string=} newState New history state object
	   * @param {string=} oldState History state object that was before it was changed.
	   */

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc event
	   * @name $location#$locationChangeSuccess
	   * @eventType broadcast on root scope
	   * @description
	   * Broadcasted after a URL was changed.
	   *
	   * The `newState` and `oldState` parameters may be defined only in HTML5 mode and when
	   * the browser supports the HTML5 History API.
	   *
	   * @param {Object} angularEvent Synthetic event object.
	   * @param {string} newUrl New URL
	   * @param {string=} oldUrl URL that was before it was changed.
	   * @param {string=} newState New history state object
	   * @param {string=} oldState History state object that was before it was changed.
	   */

	  this.$get = ['$rootScope', '$browser', '$sniffer', '$rootElement', '$window',
	      function($rootScope, $browser, $sniffer, $rootElement, $window) {
	    var $location,
	        LocationMode,
	        baseHref = $browser.baseHref(), // if base[href] is undefined, it defaults to ''
	        initialUrl = $browser.url(),
	        appBase;

	    if (html5Mode.enabled) {
	      if (!baseHref && html5Mode.requireBase) {
	        throw $locationMinErr('nobase',
	          "$location in HTML5 mode requires a <base> tag to be present!");
	      }
	      appBase = serverBase(initialUrl) + (baseHref || '/');
	      LocationMode = $sniffer.history ? LocationHtml5Url : LocationHashbangInHtml5Url;
	    } else {
	      appBase = stripHash(initialUrl);
	      LocationMode = LocationHashbangUrl;
	    }
	    $location = new LocationMode(appBase, '#' + hashPrefix);
	    $location.$$parseLinkUrl(initialUrl, initialUrl);

	    $location.$$state = $browser.state();

	    var IGNORE_URI_REGEXP = /^\s*(javascript|mailto):/i;

	    function setBrowserUrlWithFallback(url, replace, state) {
	      var oldUrl = $location.url();
	      var oldState = $location.$$state;
	      try {
	        $browser.url(url, replace, state);

	        // Make sure $location.state() returns referentially identical (not just deeply equal)
	        // state object; this makes possible quick checking if the state changed in the digest
	        // loop. Checking deep equality would be too expensive.
	        $location.$$state = $browser.state();
	      } catch (e) {
	        // Restore old values if pushState fails
	        $location.url(oldUrl);
	        $location.$$state = oldState;

	        throw e;
	      }
	    }

	    $rootElement.on('click', function(event) {
	      // TODO(vojta): rewrite link when opening in new tab/window (in legacy browser)
	      // currently we open nice url link and redirect then

	      if (!html5Mode.rewriteLinks || event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey || event.shiftKey || event.which == 2 || event.button == 2) return;

	      var elm = jqLite(event.target);

	      // traverse the DOM up to find first A tag
	      while (nodeName_(elm[0]) !== 'a') {
	        // ignore rewriting if no A tag (reached root element, or no parent - removed from document)
	        if (elm[0] === $rootElement[0] || !(elm = elm.parent())[0]) return;
	      }

	      var absHref = elm.prop('href');
	      // get the actual href attribute - see
	      // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/dd347148(v=vs.85).aspx
	      var relHref = elm.attr('href') || elm.attr('xlink:href');

	      if (isObject(absHref) && absHref.toString() === '[object SVGAnimatedString]') {
	        // SVGAnimatedString.animVal should be identical to SVGAnimatedString.baseVal, unless during
	        // an animation.
	        absHref = urlResolve(absHref.animVal).href;
	      }

	      // Ignore when url is started with javascript: or mailto:
	      if (IGNORE_URI_REGEXP.test(absHref)) return;

	      if (absHref && !elm.attr('target') && !event.isDefaultPrevented()) {
	        if ($location.$$parseLinkUrl(absHref, relHref)) {
	          // We do a preventDefault for all urls that are part of the angular application,
	          // in html5mode and also without, so that we are able to abort navigation without
	          // getting double entries in the location history.
	          event.preventDefault();
	          // update location manually
	          if ($location.absUrl() != $browser.url()) {
	            $rootScope.$apply();
	            // hack to work around FF6 bug 684208 when scenario runner clicks on links
	            $window.angular['ff-684208-preventDefault'] = true;
	          }
	        }
	      }
	    });


	    // rewrite hashbang url <> html5 url
	    if (trimEmptyHash($location.absUrl()) != trimEmptyHash(initialUrl)) {
	      $browser.url($location.absUrl(), true);
	    }

	    var initializing = true;

	    // update $location when $browser url changes
	    $browser.onUrlChange(function(newUrl, newState) {
	      $rootScope.$evalAsync(function() {
	        var oldUrl = $location.absUrl();
	        var oldState = $location.$$state;
	        var defaultPrevented;

	        $location.$$parse(newUrl);
	        $location.$$state = newState;

	        defaultPrevented = $rootScope.$broadcast('$locationChangeStart', newUrl, oldUrl,
	            newState, oldState).defaultPrevented;

	        // if the location was changed by a `$locationChangeStart` handler then stop
	        // processing this location change
	        if ($location.absUrl() !== newUrl) return;

	        if (defaultPrevented) {
	          $location.$$parse(oldUrl);
	          $location.$$state = oldState;
	          setBrowserUrlWithFallback(oldUrl, false, oldState);
	        } else {
	          initializing = false;
	          afterLocationChange(oldUrl, oldState);
	        }
	      });
	      if (!$rootScope.$$phase) $rootScope.$digest();
	    });

	    // update browser
	    $rootScope.$watch(function $locationWatch() {
	      var oldUrl = trimEmptyHash($browser.url());
	      var newUrl = trimEmptyHash($location.absUrl());
	      var oldState = $browser.state();
	      var currentReplace = $location.$$replace;
	      var urlOrStateChanged = oldUrl !== newUrl ||
	        ($location.$$html5 && $sniffer.history && oldState !== $location.$$state);

	      if (initializing || urlOrStateChanged) {
	        initializing = false;

	        $rootScope.$evalAsync(function() {
	          var newUrl = $location.absUrl();
	          var defaultPrevented = $rootScope.$broadcast('$locationChangeStart', newUrl, oldUrl,
	              $location.$$state, oldState).defaultPrevented;

	          // if the location was changed by a `$locationChangeStart` handler then stop
	          // processing this location change
	          if ($location.absUrl() !== newUrl) return;

	          if (defaultPrevented) {
	            $location.$$parse(oldUrl);
	            $location.$$state = oldState;
	          } else {
	            if (urlOrStateChanged) {
	              setBrowserUrlWithFallback(newUrl, currentReplace,
	                                        oldState === $location.$$state ? null : $location.$$state);
	            }
	            afterLocationChange(oldUrl, oldState);
	          }
	        });
	      }

	      $location.$$replace = false;

	      // we don't need to return anything because $evalAsync will make the digest loop dirty when
	      // there is a change
	    });

	    return $location;

	    function afterLocationChange(oldUrl, oldState) {
	      $rootScope.$broadcast('$locationChangeSuccess', $location.absUrl(), oldUrl,
	        $location.$$state, oldState);
	    }
	}];
	}

	/**
	 * @ngdoc service
	 * @name $log
	 * @requires $window
	 *
	 * @description
	 * Simple service for logging. Default implementation safely writes the message
	 * into the browser's console (if present).
	 *
	 * The main purpose of this service is to simplify debugging and troubleshooting.
	 *
	 * The default is to log `debug` messages. You can use
	 * {@link ng.$logProvider ng.$logProvider#debugEnabled} to change this.
	 *
	 * @example
	   <example module="logExample">
	     <file name="script.js">
	       angular.module('logExample', [])
	         .controller('LogController', ['$scope', '$log', function($scope, $log) {
	           $scope.$log = $log;
	           $scope.message = 'Hello World!';
	         }]);
	     </file>
	     <file name="index.html">
	       <div ng-controller="LogController">
	         <p>Reload this page with open console, enter text and hit the log button...</p>
	         <label>Message:
	         <input type="text" ng-model="message" /></label>
	         <button ng-click="$log.log(message)">log</button>
	         <button ng-click="$log.warn(message)">warn</button>
	         <button ng-click="$log.info(message)">info</button>
	         <button ng-click="$log.error(message)">error</button>
	         <button ng-click="$log.debug(message)">debug</button>
	       </div>
	     </file>
	   </example>
	 */

	/**
	 * @ngdoc provider
	 * @name $logProvider
	 * @description
	 * Use the `$logProvider` to configure how the application logs messages
	 */
	function $LogProvider() {
	  var debug = true,
	      self = this;

	  /**
	   * @ngdoc method
	   * @name $logProvider#debugEnabled
	   * @description
	   * @param {boolean=} flag enable or disable debug level messages
	   * @returns {*} current value if used as getter or itself (chaining) if used as setter
	   */
	  this.debugEnabled = function(flag) {
	    if (isDefined(flag)) {
	      debug = flag;
	    return this;
	    } else {
	      return debug;
	    }
	  };

	  this.$get = ['$window', function($window) {
	    return {
	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $log#log
	       *
	       * @description
	       * Write a log message
	       */
	      log: consoleLog('log'),

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $log#info
	       *
	       * @description
	       * Write an information message
	       */
	      info: consoleLog('info'),

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $log#warn
	       *
	       * @description
	       * Write a warning message
	       */
	      warn: consoleLog('warn'),

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $log#error
	       *
	       * @description
	       * Write an error message
	       */
	      error: consoleLog('error'),

	      /**
	       * @ngdoc method
	       * @name $log#debug
	       *
	       * @description
	       * Write a debug message
	       */
	      debug: (function() {
	        var fn = consoleLog('debug');

	        return function() {
	          if (debug) {
	            fn.apply(self, arguments);
	          }
	        };
	      }())
	    };

	    function formatError(arg) {
	      if (arg instanceof Error) {
	        if (arg.stack) {
	          arg = (arg.message && arg.stack.indexOf(arg.message) === -1)
	              ? 'Error: ' + arg.message + '\n' + arg.stack
	              : arg.stack;
	        } else if (arg.sourceURL) {
	          arg = arg.message + '\n' + arg.sourceURL + ':' + arg.line;
	        }
	      }
	      return arg;
	    }

	    function consoleLog(type) {
	      var console = $window.console || {},
	          logFn = console[type] || console.log || noop,
	          hasApply = false;

	      // Note: reading logFn.apply throws an error in IE11 in IE8 document mode.
	      // The reason behind this is that console.log has type "object" in IE8...
	      try {
	        hasApply = !!logFn.apply;
	      } catch (e) {}

	      if (hasApply) {
	        return function() {
	          var args = [];
	          forEach(arguments, function(arg) {
	            args.push(formatError(arg));
	          });
	          return logFn.apply(console, args);
	        };
	      }

	      // we are IE which either doesn't have window.console => this is noop and we do nothing,
	      // or we are IE where console.log doesn't have apply so we log at least first 2 args
	      return function(arg1, arg2) {
	        logFn(arg1, arg2 == null ? '' : arg2);
	      };
	    }
	  }];
	}

	/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
	 *     Any commits to this file should be reviewed with security in mind.  *
	 *   Changes to this file can potentially create security vulnerabilities. *
	 *          An approval from 2 Core members with history of modifying      *
	 *                         this file is required.                          *
	 *                                                                         *
	 *  Does the change somehow allow for arbitrary javascript to be executed? *
	 *    Or allows for someone to change the prototype of built-in objects?   *
	 *     Or gives undesired access to variables likes document or window?    *
	 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */

	var $parseMinErr = minErr('$parse');

	// Sandboxing Angular Expressions
	// ------------------------------
	// Angular expressions are generally considered safe because these expressions only have direct
	// access to `$scope` and locals. However, one can obtain the ability to execute arbitrary JS code by
	// obtaining a reference to native JS functions such as the Function constructor.
	//
	// As an example, consider the following Angular expression:
	//
	//   {}.toString.constructor('alert("evil JS code")')
	//
	// This sandboxing technique is not perfect and doesn't aim to be. The goal is to prevent exploits
	// against the expression language, but not to prevent exploits that were enabled by exposing
	// sensitive JavaScript or browser APIs on Scope. Exposing such objects on a Scope is never a good
	// practice and therefore we are not even trying to protect against interaction with an object
	// explicitly exposed in this way.
	//
	// In general, it is not possible to access a Window object from an angular expression unless a
	// window or some DOM object that has a reference to window is published onto a Scope.
	// Similarly we prevent invocations of function known to be dangerous, as well as assignments to
	// native objects.
	//
	// See https://docs.angularjs.org/guide/security


	function ensureSafeMemberName(name, fullExpression) {
	  if (name === "__defineGetter__" || name === "__defineSetter__"
	      || name === "__lookupGetter__" || name === "__lookupSetter__"
	      || name === "__proto__") {
	    throw $parseMinErr('isecfld',
	        'Attempting to access a disallowed field in Angular expressions! '
	        + 'Expression: {0}', fullExpression);
	  }
	  return name;
	}

	function ensureSafeObject(obj, fullExpression) {
	  // nifty check if obj is Function that is fast and works across iframes and other contexts
	  if (obj) {
	    if (obj.constructor === obj) {
	      throw $parseMinErr('isecfn',
	          'Referencing Function in Angular expressions is disallowed! Expression: {0}',
	          fullExpression);
	    } else if (// isWindow(obj)
	        obj.window === obj) {
	      throw $parseMinErr('isecwindow',
	          'Referencing the Window in Angular expressions is disallowed! Expression: {0}',
	          fullExpression);
	    } else if (// isElement(obj)
	        obj.children && (obj.nodeName || (obj.prop && obj.attr && obj.find))) {
	      throw $parseMinErr('isecdom',
	          'Referencing DOM nodes in Angular expressions is disallowed! Expression: {0}',
	          fullExpression);
	    } else if (// block Object so that we can't get hold of dangerous Object.* methods
	        obj === Object) {
	      throw $parseMinErr('isecobj',
	          'Referencing Object in Angular expressions is disallowed! Expression: {0}',
	          fullExpression);
	    }
	  }
	  return obj;
	}

	var CALL = Function.prototype.call;
	var APPLY = Function.prototype.apply;
	var BIND = Function.prototype.bind;

	function ensureSafeFunction(obj, fullExpression) {
	  if (obj) {
	    if (obj.constructor === obj) {
	      throw $parseMinErr('isecfn',
	        'Referencing Function in Angular expressions is disallowed! Expression: {0}',
	        fullExpression);
	    } else if (obj === CALL || obj === APPLY || obj === BIND) {
	      throw $parseMinErr('isecff',
	        'Referencing call, apply or bind in Angular expressions is disallowed! Expression: {0}',
	        fullExpression);
	    }
	  }
	}

	var OPERATORS = createMap();
	forEach('+ - * / % === !== == != < > <= >= && || ! = |'.split(' '), function(operator) { OPERATORS[operator] = true; });
	var ESCAPE = {"n":"\n", "f":"\f", "r":"\r", "t":"\t", "v":"\v", "'":"'", '"':'"'};


	/////////////////////////////////////////


	/**
	 * @constructor
	 */
	var Lexer = function(options) {
	  this.options = options;
	};

	Lexer.prototype = {
	  constructor: Lexer,

	  lex: function(text) {
	    this.text = text;
	    this.index = 0;
	    this.tokens = [];

	    while (this.index < this.text.length) {
	      var ch = this.text.charAt(this.index);
	      if (ch === '"' || ch === "'") {
	        this.readString(ch);
	      } else if (this.isNumber(ch) || ch === '.' && this.isNumber(this.peek())) {
	        this.readNumber();
	      } else if (this.isIdent(ch)) {
	        this.readIdent();
	      } else if (this.is(ch, '(){}[].,;:?')) {
	        this.tokens.push({index: this.index, text: ch});
	        this.index++;
	      } else if (this.isWhitespace(ch)) {
	        this.index++;
	      } else {
	        var ch2 = ch + this.peek();
	        var ch3 = ch2 + this.peek(2);
	        var op1 = OPERATORS[ch];
	        var op2 = OPERATORS[ch2];
	        var op3 = OPERATORS[ch3];
	        if (op1 || op2 || op3) {
	          var token = op3 ? ch3 : (op2 ? ch2 : ch);
	          this.tokens.push({index: this.index, text: token, operator: true});
	          this.index += token.length;
	        } else {
	          this.throwError('Unexpected next character ', this.index, this.index + 1);
	        }
	      }
	    }
	    return this.tokens;
	  },

	  is: function(ch, chars) {
	    return chars.indexOf(ch) !== -1;
	  },

	  peek: function(i) {
	    var num = i || 1;
	    return (this.index + num < this.text.length) ? this.text.charAt(this.index + num) : false;
	  },

	  isNumber: function(ch) {
	    return ('0' <= ch && ch <= '9') && typeof ch === "string";
	  },

	  isWhitespace: function(ch) {
	    // IE treats non-breaking space as \u00A0
	    return (ch === ' ' || ch === '\r' || ch === '\t' ||
	            ch === '\n' || ch === '\v' || ch === '\u00A0');
	  },

	  isIdent: function(ch) {
	    return ('a' <= ch && ch <= 'z' ||
	            'A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z' ||
	            '_' === ch || ch === '$');
	  },

	  isExpOperator: function(ch) {
	    return (ch === '-' || ch === '+' || this.isNumber(ch));
	  },

	  throwError: function(error, start, end) {
	    end = end || this.index;
	    var colStr = (isDefined(start)
	            ? 's ' + start +  '-' + this.index + ' [' + this.text.substring(start, end) + ']'
	            : ' ' + end);
	    throw $parseMinErr('lexerr', 'Lexer Error: {0} at column{1} in expression [{2}].',
	        error, colStr, this.text);
	  },

	  readNumber: function() {
	    var number = '';
	    var start = this.index;
	    while (this.index < this.text.length) {
	      var ch = lowercase(this.text.charAt(this.index));
	      if (ch == '.' || this.isNumber(ch)) {
	        number += ch;
	      } else {
	        var peekCh = this.peek();
	        if (ch == 'e' && this.isExpOperator(peekCh)) {
	          number += ch;
	        } else if (this.isExpOperator(ch) &&
	            peekCh && this.isNumber(peekCh) &&
	            number.charAt(number.length - 1) == 'e') {
	          number += ch;
	        } else if (this.isExpOperator(ch) &&
	            (!peekCh || !this.isNumber(peekCh)) &&
	            number.charAt(number.length - 1) == 'e') {
	          this.throwError('Invalid exponent');
	        } else {
	          break;
	        }
	      }
	      this.index++;
	    }
	    this.tokens.push({
	      index: start,
	      text: number,
	      constant: true,
	      value: Number(number)
	    });
	  },

	  readIdent: function() {
	    var start = this.index;
	    while (this.index < this.text.length) {
	      var ch = this.text.charAt(this.index);
	      if (!(this.isIdent(ch) || this.isNumber(ch))) {
	        break;
	      }
	      this.index++;
	    }
	    this.tokens.push({
	      index: start,
	      text: this.text.slice(start, this.index),
	      identifier: true
	    });
	  },

	  readString: function(quote) {
	    var start = this.index;
	    this.index++;
	    var string = '';
	    var rawString = quote;
	    var escape = false;
	    while (this.index < this.text.length) {
	      var ch = this.text.charAt(this.index);
	      rawString += ch;
	      if (escape) {
	        if (ch === 'u') {
	          var hex = this.text.substring(this.index + 1, this.index + 5);
	          if (!hex.match(/[\da-f]{4}/i)) {
	            this.throwError('Invalid unicode escape [\\u' + hex + ']');
	          }
	          this.index += 4;
	          string += String.fromCharCode(parseInt(hex, 16));
	        } else {
	          var rep = ESCAPE[ch];
	          string = string + (rep || ch);
	        }
	        escape = false;
	      } else if (ch === '\\') {
	        escape = true;
	      } else if (ch === quote) {
	        this.index++;
	        this.tokens.push({
	          index: start,
	          text: rawString,
	          constant: true,
	          value: string
	        });
	        return;
	      } else {
	        string += ch;
	      }
	      this.index++;
	    }
	    this.throwError('Unterminated quote', start);
	  }
	};

	var AST = function(lexer, options) {
	  this.lexer = lexer;
	  this.options = options;
	};

	AST.Program = 'Program';
	AST.ExpressionStatement = 'ExpressionStatement';
	AST.AssignmentExpression = 'AssignmentExpression';
	AST.ConditionalExpression = 'ConditionalExpression';
	AST.LogicalExpression = 'LogicalExpression';
	AST.BinaryExpression = 'BinaryExpression';
	AST.UnaryExpression = 'UnaryExpression';
	AST.CallExpression = 'CallExpression';
	AST.MemberExpression = 'MemberExpression';
	AST.Identifier = 'Identifier';
	AST.Literal = 'Literal';
	AST.ArrayExpression = 'ArrayExpression';
	AST.Property = 'Property';
	AST.ObjectExpression = 'ObjectExpression';
	AST.ThisExpression = 'ThisExpression';

	// Internal use only
	AST.NGValueParameter = 'NGValueParameter';

	AST.prototype = {
	  ast: function(text) {
	    this.text = text;
	    this.tokens = this.lexer.lex(text);

	    var value = this.program();

	    if (this.tokens.length !== 0) {
	      this.throwError('is an unexpected token', this.tokens[0]);
	    }

	    return value;
	  },

	  program: function() {
	    var body = [];
	    while (true) {
	      if (this.tokens.length > 0 && !this.peek('}', ')', ';', ']'))
	        body.push(this.expressionStatement());
	      if (!this.expect(';')) {
	        return { type: AST.Program, body: body};
	      }
	    }
	  },

	  expressionStatement: function() {
	    return { type: AST.ExpressionStatement, expression: this.filterChain() };
	  },

	  filterChain: function() {
	    var left = this.expression();
	    var token;
	    while ((token = this.expect('|'))) {
	      left = this.filter(left);
	    }
	    return left;
	  },

	  expression: function() {
	    return this.assignment();
	  },

	  assignment: function() {
	    var result = this.ternary();
	    if (this.expect('=')) {
	      result = { type: AST.AssignmentExpression, left: result, right: this.assignment(), operator: '='};
	    }
	    return result;
	  },

	  ternary: function() {
	    var test = this.logicalOR();
	    var alternate;
	    var consequent;
	    if (this.expect('?')) {
	      alternate = this.expression();
	      if (this.consume(':')) {
	        consequent = this.expression();
	        return { type: AST.ConditionalExpression, test: test, alternate: alternate, consequent: consequent};
	      }
	    }
	    return test;
	  },

	  logicalOR: function() {
	    var left = this.logicalAND();
	    while (this.expect('||')) {
	      left = { type: AST.LogicalExpression, operator: '||', left: left, right: this.logicalAND() };
	    }
	    return left;
	  },

	  logicalAND: function() {
	    var left = this.equality();
	    while (this.expect('&&')) {
	      left = { type: AST.LogicalExpression, operator: '&&', left: left, right: this.equality()};
	    }
	    return left;
	  },

	  equality: function() {
	    var left = this.relational();
	    var token;
	    while ((token = this.expect('==','!=','===','!=='))) {
	      left = { type: AST.BinaryExpression, operator: token.text, left: left, right: this.relational() };
	    }
	    return left;
	  },

	  relational: function() {
	    var left = this.additive();
	    var token;
	    while ((token = this.expect('<', '>', '<=', '>='))) {
	      left = { type: AST.BinaryExpression, operator: token.text, left: left, right: this.additive() };
	    }
	    return left;
	  },

	  additive: function() {
	    var left = this.multiplicative();
	    var token;
	    while ((token = this.expect('+','-'))) {
	      left = { type: AST.BinaryExpression, operator: token.text, left: left, right: this.multiplicative() };
	    }
	    return left;
	  },

	  multiplicative: function() {
	    var left = this.unary();
	    var token;
	    while ((token = this.expect('*','/','%'))) {
	      left = { type: AST.BinaryExpression, operator: token.text, left: left, right: this.unary() };
	    }
	    return left;
	  },

	  unary: function() {
	    var token;
	    if ((token = this.expect('+', '-', '!'))) {
	      return { type: AST.UnaryExpression, operator: token.text, prefix: true, argument: this.unary() };
	    } else {
	      return this.primary();
	    }
	  },

	  primary: function() {
	    var primary;
	    if (this.expect('(')) {
	      primary = this.filterChain();
	      this.consume(')');
	    } else if (this.expect('[')) {
	      primary = this.arrayDeclaration();
	    } else if (this.expect('{')) {
	      primary = this.object();
	    } else if (this.constants.hasOwnProperty(this.peek().text)) {
	      primary = copy(this.constants[this.consume().text]);
	    } else if (this.peek().identifier) {
	      primary = this.identifier();
	    } else if (this.peek().constant) {
	      primary = this.constant();
	    } else {
	      this.throwError('not a primary expression', this.peek());
	    }

	    var next;
	    while ((next = this.expect('(', '[', '.'))) {
	      if (next.text === '(') {
	        primary = {type: AST.CallExpression, callee: primary, arguments: this.parseArguments() };
	        this.consume(')');
	      } else if (next.text === '[') {
	        primary = { type: AST.MemberExpression, object: primary, property: this.expression(), computed: true };
	        this.consume(']');
	      } else if (next.text === '.') {
	        primary = { type: AST.MemberExpression, object: primary, property: this.identifier(), computed: false };
	      } else {
	        this.throwError('IMPOSSIBLE');
	      }
	    }
	    return primary;
	  },

	  filter: function(baseExpression) {
	    var args = [baseExpression];
	    var result = {type: AST.CallExpression, callee: this.identifier(), arguments: args, filter: true};

	    while (this.expect(':')) {
	      args.push(this.expression());
	    }

	    return result;
	  },

	  parseArguments: function() {
	    var args = [];
	    if (this.peekToken().text !== ')') {
	      do {
	        args.push(this.expression());
	      } while (this.expect(','));
	    }
	    return args;
	  },

	  identifier: function() {
	    var token = this.consume();
	    if (!token.identifier) {
	      this.throwError('is not a valid identifier', token);
	    }
	    return { type: AST.Identifier, name: token.text };
	  },

	  constant: function() {
	    // TODO check that it is a constant
	    return { type: AST.Literal, value: this.consume().value };
	  },

	  arrayDeclaration: function() {
	    var elements = [];
	    if (this.peekToken().text !== ']') {
	      do {
	        if (this.peek(']')) {
	          // Support trailing commas per ES5.1.
	          break;
	        }
	        elements.push(this.expression());
	      } while (this.expect(','));
	    }
	    this.consume(']');

	    return { type: AST.ArrayExpression, elements: elements };
	  },

	  object: function() {
	    var properties = [], property;
	    if (this.peekToken().text !== '}') {
	      do {
	        if (this.peek('}')) {
	          // Support trailing commas per ES5.1.
	          break;
	        }
	        property = {type: AST.Property, kind: 'init'};
	        if (this.peek().constant) {
	          property.key = this.constant();
	        } else if (this.peek().identifier) {
	          property.key = this.identifier();
	        } else {
	          this.throwError("invalid key", this.peek());
	        }
	        this.consume(':');
	        property.value = this.expression();
	        properties.push(property);
	      } while (this.expect(','));
	    }
	    this.consume('}');

	    return {type: AST.ObjectExpression, properties: properties };
	  },

	  throwError: function(msg, token) {
	    throw $parseMinErr('syntax',
	        'Syntax Error: Token \'{0}\' {1} at column {2} of the expression [{3}] starting at [{4}].',
	          token.text, msg, (token.index + 1), this.text, this.text.substring(token.index));
	  },

	  consume: function(e1) {
	    if (this.tokens.length === 0) {
	      throw $parseMinErr('ueoe', 'Unexpected end of expression: {0}', this.text);
	    }

	    var token = this.expect(e1);
	    if (!token) {
	      this.throwError('is unexpected, expecting [' + e1 + ']', this.peek());
	    }
	    return token;
	  },

	  peekToken: function() {
	    if (this.tokens.length === 0) {
	      throw $parseMinErr('ueoe', 'Unexpected end of expression: {0}', this.text);
	    }
	    return this.tokens[0];
	  },

	  peek: function(e1, e2, e3, e4) {
	    return this.peekAhead(0, e1, e2, e3, e4);
	  },

	  peekAhead: function(i, e1, e2, e3, e4) {
	    if (this.tokens.length > i) {
	      var token = this.tokens[i];
	      var t = token.text;
	      if (t === e1 || t === e2 || t === e3 || t === e4 ||
	          (!e1 && !e2 && !e3 && !e4)) {
	        return token;
	      }
	    }
	    return false;
	  },

	  expect: function(e1, e2, e3, e4) {
	    var token = this.peek(e1, e2, e3, e4);
	    if (token) {
	      this.tokens.shift();
	      return token;
	    }
	    return false;
	  },


	  /* `undefined` is not a constant, it is an identifier,
	   * but using it as an identifier is not supported
	   */
	  constants: {
	    'true': { type: AST.Literal, value: true },
	    'false': { type: AST.Literal, value: false },
	    'null': { type: AST.Literal, value: null },
	    'undefined': {type: AST.Literal, value: undefined },
	    'this': {type: AST.ThisExpression }
	  }
	};

	function ifDefined(v, d) {
	  return typeof v !== 'undefined' ? v : d;
	}

	function plusFn(l, r) {
	  if (typeof l === 'undefined') return r;
	  if (typeof r === 'undefined') return l;
	  return l + r;
	}

	function isStateless($filter, filterName) {
	  var fn = $filter(filterName);
	  return !fn.$stateful;
	}

	function findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast, $filter) {
	  var allConstants;
	  var argsToWatch;
	  switch (ast.type) {
	  case AST.Program:
	    allConstants = true;
	    forEach(ast.body, function(expr) {
	      findConstantAndWatchExpressions(expr.expression, $filter);
	      allConstants = allConstants && expr.expression.constant;
	    });
	    ast.constant = allConstants;
	    break;
	  case AST.Literal:
	    ast.constant = true;
	    ast.toWatch = [];
	    break;
	  case AST.UnaryExpression:
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.argument, $filter);
	    ast.constant = ast.argument.constant;
	    ast.toWatch = ast.argument.toWatch;
	    break;
	  case AST.BinaryExpression:
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.left, $filter);
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.right, $filter);
	    ast.constant = ast.left.constant && ast.right.constant;
	    ast.toWatch = ast.left.toWatch.concat(ast.right.toWatch);
	    break;
	  case AST.LogicalExpression:
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.left, $filter);
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.right, $filter);
	    ast.constant = ast.left.constant && ast.right.constant;
	    ast.toWatch = ast.constant ? [] : [ast];
	    break;
	  case AST.ConditionalExpression:
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.test, $filter);
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.alternate, $filter);
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.consequent, $filter);
	    ast.constant = ast.test.constant && ast.alternate.constant && ast.consequent.constant;
	    ast.toWatch = ast.constant ? [] : [ast];
	    break;
	  case AST.Identifier:
	    ast.constant = false;
	    ast.toWatch = [ast];
	    break;
	  case AST.MemberExpression:
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.object, $filter);
	    if (ast.computed) {
	      findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.property, $filter);
	    }
	    ast.constant = ast.object.constant && (!ast.computed || ast.property.constant);
	    ast.toWatch = [ast];
	    break;
	  case AST.CallExpression:
	    allConstants = ast.filter ? isStateless($filter, ast.callee.name) : false;
	    argsToWatch = [];
	    forEach(ast.arguments, function(expr) {
	      findConstantAndWatchExpressions(expr, $filter);
	      allConstants = allConstants && expr.constant;
	      if (!expr.constant) {
	        argsToWatch.push.apply(argsToWatch, expr.toWatch);
	      }
	    });
	    ast.constant = allConstants;
	    ast.toWatch = ast.filter && isStateless($filter, ast.callee.name) ? argsToWatch : [ast];
	    break;
	  case AST.AssignmentExpression:
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.left, $filter);
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast.right, $filter);
	    ast.constant = ast.left.constant && ast.right.constant;
	    ast.toWatch = [ast];
	    break;
	  case AST.ArrayExpression:
	    allConstants = true;
	    argsToWatch = [];
	    forEach(ast.elements, function(expr) {
	      findConstantAndWatchExpressions(expr, $filter);
	      allConstants = allConstants && expr.constant;
	      if (!expr.constant) {
	        argsToWatch.push.apply(argsToWatch, expr.toWatch);
	      }
	    });
	    ast.constant = allConstants;
	    ast.toWatch = argsToWatch;
	    break;
	  case AST.ObjectExpression:
	    allConstants = true;
	    argsToWatch = [];
	    forEach(ast.properties, function(property) {
	      findConstantAndWatchExpressions(property.value, $filter);
	      allConstants = allConstants && property.value.constant;
	      if (!property.value.constant) {
	        argsToWatch.push.apply(argsToWatch, property.value.toWatch);
	      }
	    });
	    ast.constant = allConstants;
	    ast.toWatch = argsToWatch;
	    break;
	  case AST.ThisExpression:
	    ast.constant = false;
	    ast.toWatch = [];
	    break;
	  }
	}

	function getInputs(body) {
	  if (body.length != 1) return;
	  var lastExpression = body[0].expression;
	  var candidate = lastExpression.toWatch;
	  if (candidate.length !== 1) return candidate;
	  return candidate[0] !== lastExpression ? candidate : undefined;
	}

	function isAssignable(ast) {
	  return ast.type === AST.Identifier || ast.type === AST.MemberExpression;
	}

	function assignableAST(ast) {
	  if (ast.body.length === 1 && isAssignable(ast.body[0].expression)) {
	    return {type: AST.AssignmentExpression, left: ast.body[0].expression, right: {type: AST.NGValueParameter}, operator: '='};
	  }
	}

	function isLiteral(ast) {
	  return ast.body.length === 0 ||
	      ast.body.length === 1 && (
	      ast.body[0].expression.type === AST.Literal ||
	      ast.body[0].expression.type === AST.ArrayExpression ||
	      ast.body[0].expression.type === AST.ObjectExpression);
	}

	function isConstant(ast) {
	  return ast.constant;
	}

	function ASTCompiler(astBuilder, $filter) {
	  this.astBuilder = astBuilder;
	  this.$filter = $filter;
	}

	ASTCompiler.prototype = {
	  compile: function(expression, expensiveChecks) {
	    var self = this;
	    var ast = this.astBuilder.ast(expression);
	    this.state = {
	      nextId: 0,
	      filters: {},
	      expensiveChecks: expensiveChecks,
	      fn: {vars: [], body: [], own: {}},
	      assign: {vars: [], body: [], own: {}},
	      inputs: []
	    };
	    findConstantAndWatchExpressions(ast, self.$filter);
	    var extra = '';
	    var assignable;
	    this.stage = 'assign';
	    if ((assignable = assignableAST(ast))) {
	      this.state.computing = 'assign';
	      var result = this.nextId();
	      this.recurse(assignable, result);
	      extra = 'fn.assign=' + this.generateFunction('assign', 's,v,l');
	    }
	    var toWatch = getInputs(ast.body);
	    self.stage = 'inputs';
	    forEach(toWatch, function(watch, key) {
	      var fnKey = 'fn' + key;
	      self.state[fnKey] = {vars: [], body: [], own: {}};
	      self.state.computing = fnKey;
	      var intoId = self.nextId();
	      self.recurse(watch, intoId);
	      self.return_(intoId);
	      self.state.inputs.push(fnKey);
	      watch.watchId = key;
	    });
	    this.state.computing = 'fn';
	    this.stage = 'main';
	    this.recurse(ast);
	    var fnString =
	      // The build and minification steps remove the string "use strict" from the code, but this is done using a regex.
	      // This is a workaround for this until we do a better job at only removing the prefix only when we should.
	      '"' + this.USE + ' ' + this.STRICT + '";\n' +
	      this.filterPrefix() +
	      'var fn=' + this.generateFunction('fn', 's,l,a,i') +
	      extra +
	      this.watchFns() +
	      'return fn;';

	    /* jshint -W054 */
	    var fn = (new Function('$filter',
	        'ensureSafeMemberName',
	        'ensureSafeObject',
	        'ensureSafeFunction',
	        'ifDefined',
	        'plus',
	        'text',
	        fnString))(
	          this.$filter,
	          ensureSafeMemberName,
	          ensureSafeObject,
	          ensureSafeFunction,
	          ifDefined,
	          plusFn,
	          expression);
	    /* jshint +W054 */
	    this.state = this.stage = undefined;
	    fn.literal = isLiteral(ast);
	    fn.constant = isConstant(ast);
	    return fn;
	  },

	  USE: 'use',

	  STRICT: 'strict',

	  watchFns: function() {
	    var result = [];
	    var fns = this.state.inputs;
	    var self = this;
	    forEach(fns, function(name) {
	      result.push('var ' + name + '=' + self.generateFunction(name, 's'));
	    });
	    if (fns.length) {
	      result.push('fn.inputs=[' + fns.join(',') + '];');
	    }
	    return result.join('');
	  },

	  generateFunction: function(name, params) {
	    return 'function(' + params + '){' +
	        this.varsPrefix(name) +
	        this.body(name) +
	        '};';
	  },

	  filterPrefix: function() {
	    var parts = [];
	    var self = this;
	    forEach(this.state.filters, function(id, filter) {
	      parts.push(id + '=$filter(' + self.escape(filter) + ')');
	    });
	    if (parts.length) return 'var ' + parts.join(',') + ';';
	    return '';
	  },

	  varsPrefix: function(section) {
	    return this.state[section].vars.length ? 'var ' + this.state[section].vars.join(',') + ';' : '';
	  },

	  body: function(section) {
	    return this.state[section].body.join('');
	  },

	  recurse: function(ast, intoId, nameId, recursionFn, create, skipWatchIdCheck) {
	    var left, right, self = this, args, expression;
	    recursionFn = recursionFn || noop;
	    if (!skipWatchIdCheck && isDefined(ast.watchId)) {
	      intoId = intoId || this.nextId();
	      this.if_('i',
	        this.lazyAssign(intoId, this.computedMember('i', ast.watchId)),
	        this.lazyRecurse(ast, intoId, nameId, recursionFn, create, true)
	      );
	      return;
	    }
	    switch (ast.type) {
	    case AST.Program:
	      forEach(ast.body, function(expression, pos) {
	        self.recurse(expression.expression, undefined, undefined, function(expr) { right = expr; });
	        if (pos !== ast.body.length - 1) {
	          self.current().body.push(right, ';');
	        } else {
	          self.return_(right);
	        }
	      });
	      break;
	    case AST.Literal:
	      expression = this.escape(ast.value);
	      this.assign(intoId, expression);
	      recursionFn(expression);
	      break;
	    case AST.UnaryExpression:
	      this.recurse(ast.argument, undefined, undefined, function(expr) { right = expr; });
	      expression = ast.operator + '(' + this.ifDefined(right, 0) + ')';
	      this.assign(intoId, expression);
	      recursionFn(expression);
	      break;
	    case AST.BinaryExpression:
	      this.recurse(ast.left, undefined, undefined, function(expr) { left = expr; });
	      this.recurse(ast.right, undefined, undefined, function(expr) { right = expr; });
	      if (ast.operator === '+') {
	        expression = this.plus(left, right);
	      } else if (ast.operator === '-') {
	        expression = this.ifDefined(left, 0) + ast.operator + this.ifDefined(right, 0);
	      } else {
	        expression = '(' + left + ')' + ast.operator + '(' + right + ')';
	      }
	      this.assign(intoId, expression);
	      recursionFn(expression);
	      break;
	    case AST.LogicalExpression:
	      intoId = intoId || this.nextId();
	      self.recurse(ast.left, intoId);
	      self.if_(ast.operator === '&&' ? intoId : self.not(intoId), self.lazyRecurse(ast.right, intoId));
	      recursionFn(intoId);
	      break;
	    case AST.ConditionalExpression:
	      intoId = intoId || this.nextId();
	      self.recurse(ast.test, intoId);
	      self.if_(intoId, self.lazyRecurse(ast.alternate, intoId), self.lazyRecurse(ast.consequent, intoId));
	      recursionFn(intoId);
	      break;
	    case AST.Identifier:
	      intoId = intoId || this.nextId();
	      if (nameId) {
	        nameId.context = self.stage === 'inputs' ? 's' : this.assign(this.nextId(), this.getHasOwnProperty('l', ast.name) + '?l:s');
	        nameId.computed = false;
	        nameId.name = ast.name;
	      }
	      ensureSafeMemberName(ast.name);
	      self.if_(self.stage === 'inputs' || self.not(self.getHasOwnProperty('l', ast.name)),
	        function() {
	          self.if_(self.stage === 'inputs' || 's', function() {
	            if (create && create !== 1) {
	              self.if_(
	                self.not(self.nonComputedMember('s', ast.name)),
	                self.lazyAssign(self.nonComputedMember('s', ast.name), '{}'));
	            }
	            self.assign(intoId, self.nonComputedMember('s', ast.name));
	          });
	        }, intoId && self.lazyAssign(intoId, self.nonComputedMember('l', ast.name))
	        );
	      if (self.state.expensiveChecks || isPossiblyDangerousMemberName(ast.name)) {
	        self.addEnsureSafeObject(intoId);
	      }
	      recursionFn(intoId);
	      break;
	    case AST.MemberExpression:
	      left = nameId && (nameId.context = this.nextId()) || this.nextId();
	      intoId = intoId || this.nextId();
	      self.recurse(ast.object, left, undefined, function() {
	        self.if_(self.notNull(left), function() {
	          if (ast.computed) {
	            right = self.nextId();
	            self.recurse(ast.property, right);
	            self.addEnsureSafeMemberName(right);
	            if (create && create !== 1) {
	              self.if_(self.not(self.computedMember(left, right)), self.lazyAssign(self.computedMember(left, right), '{}'));
	            }
	            expression = self.ensureSafeObject(self.computedMember(left, right));
	            self.assign(intoId, expression);
	            if (nameId) {
	              nameId.computed = true;
	              nameId.name = right;
	            }
	          } else {
	            ensureSafeMemberName(ast.property.name);
	            if (create && create !== 1) {
	              self.if_(self.not(self.nonComputedMember(left, ast.property.name)), self.lazyAssign(self.nonComputedMember(left, ast.property.name), '{}'));
	            }
	            expression = self.nonComputedMember(left, ast.property.name);
	            if (self.state.expensiveChecks || isPossiblyDangerousMemberName(ast.property.name)) {
	              expression = self.ensureSafeObject(expression);
	            }
	            self.assign(intoId, expression);
	            if (nameId) {
	              nameId.computed = false;
	              nameId.name = ast.property.name;
	            }
	          }
	          recursionFn(intoId);
	        });
	      }, !!create);
	      break;
	    case AST.CallExpression:
	      intoId = intoId || this.nextId();
	      if (ast.filter) {
	        right = self.filter(ast.callee.name);
	        args = [];
	        forEach(ast.arguments, function(expr) {
	          var argument = self.nextId();
	          self.recurse(expr, argument);
	          args.push(argument);
	        });
	        expression = right + '(' + args.join(',') + ')';
	        self.assign(intoId, expression);
	        recursionFn(intoId);
	      } else {
	        right = self.nextId();
	        left = {};
	        args = [];
	        self.recurse(ast.callee, right, left, function() {
	          self.if_(self.notNull(right), function() {
	            self.addEnsureSafeFunction(right);
	            forEach(ast.arguments, function(expr) {
	              self.recurse(expr, self.nextId(), undefined, function(argument) {
	                args.push(self.ensureSafeObject(argument));
	              });
	            });
	            if (left.name) {
	              if (!self.state.expensiveChecks) {
	                self.addEnsureSafeObject(left.context);
	              }
	              expression = self.member(left.context, left.name, left.computed) + '(' + args.join(',') + ')';
	            } else {
	              expression = right + '(' + args.join(',') + ')';
	            }
	            expression = self.ensureSafeObject(expression);
	            self.assign(intoId, expression);
	            recursionFn(intoId);
	          });
	        });
	      }
	      break;
	    case AST.AssignmentExpression:
	      right = this.nextId();
	      left = {};
	      if (!isAssignable(ast.left)) {
	        throw $parseMinErr('lval', 'Trying to assing a value to a non l-value');
	      }
	      this.recurse(ast.left, undefined, left, function() {
	        self.if_(self.notNull(left.context), function() {
	          self.recurse(ast.right, right);
	          self.addEnsureSafeObject(self.member(left.context, left.name, left.computed));
	          expression = self.member(left.context, left.name, left.computed) + ast.operator + right;
	          self.assign(intoId, expression);
	          recursionFn(intoId || expression);
	        });
	      }, 1);
	      break;
	    case AST.ArrayExpression:
	      args = [];
	      forEach(ast.elements, function(expr) {
	        self.recurse(expr, self.nextId(), undefined, function(argument) {
	          args.push(argument);
	        });
	      });
	      expression = '[' + args.join(',') + ']';
	      this.assign(intoId, expression);
	      recursionFn(expression);
	      break;
	    case AST.ObjectExpression:
	      args = [];
	      forEach(ast.properties, function(property) {
	        self.recurse(property.value, self.nextId(), undefined, function(expr) {
	          args.push(self.escape(
	              property.key.type === AST.Identifier ? property.key.name :
	                ('' + property.key.value)) +
	              ':' + expr);
	        });
	      });
	      expression = '{' + args.join(',') + '}';
	      this.assign(intoId, expression);
	      recursionFn(expression);
	      break;
	    case AST.ThisExpression:
	      this.assign(intoId, 's');
	      recursionFn('s');
	      break;
	    case AST.NGValueParameter:
	      this.assign(intoId, 'v');
	      recursionFn('v');
	      break;
	    }
	  },

	  getHasOwnProperty: function(element, property) {
	    var key = element + '.' + property;
	    var own = this.current().own;
	    if (!own.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
	      own[key] = this.nextId(false, element + '&&(' + this.escape(property) + ' in ' + element + ')');
	    }
	    return own[key];
	  },

	  assign: function(id, value) {
	    if (!id) return;
	    this.current().body.push(id, '=', value, ';');
	    return id;
	  },

	  filter: function(filterName) {
	    if (!this.state.filters.hasOwnProperty(filterName)) {
	      this.state.filters[filterName] = this.nextId(true);
	    }
	    return this.state.filters[filterName];
	  },

	  ifDefined: function(id, defaultValue) {
	    return 'ifDefined(' + id + ',' + this.escape(defaultValue) + ')';
	  },

	  plus: function(left, right) {
	    return 'plus(' + left + ',' + right + ')';
	  },

	  return_: function(id) {
	    this.current().body.push('return ', id, ';');
	  },

	  if_: function(test, alternate, consequent) {
	    if (test === true) {
	      alternate();
	    } else {
	      var body = this.current().body;
	      body.push('if(', test, '){');
	      alternate();
	      body.push('}');
	      if (consequent) {
	        body.push('else{');
	        consequent();
	        body.push('}');
	      }
	    }
	  },

	  not: function(expression) {
	    return '!(' + expression + ')';
	  },

	  notNull: function(expression) {
	    return expression + '!=null';
	  },

	  nonComputedMember: function(left, right) {
	    return left + '.' + right;
	  },

	  computedMember: function(left, right) {
	    return left + '[' + right + ']';
	  },

	  member: function(left, right, computed) {
	    if (computed) return this.computedMember(left, right);
	    return this.nonComputedMember(left, right);
	  },

	  addEnsureSafeObject: function(item) {
	    this.current().body.push(this.ensureSafeObject(item), ';');
	  },

	  addEnsureSafeMemberName: function(item) {
	    this.current().body.push(this.ensureSafeMemberName(item), ';');
	  },

	  addEnsureSafeFunction: function(item) {
	    this.current().body.push(this.ensureSafeFunction(item), ';');
	  },

	  ensureSafeObject: function(item) {
	    return 'ensureSafeObject(' + item + ',text)';
	  },

	  ensureSafeMemberName: function(item) {
	    return 'ensureSafeMemberName(' + item + ',text)';
	  },

	  ensureSafeFunction: function(item) {
	    return 'ensureSafeFunction(' + item + ',text)';
	  },

	  lazyRecurse: function(ast, intoId, nameId, recursionFn, create, skipWatchIdCheck) {
	    var self = this;
	    return function() {
	      self.recurse(ast, intoId, nameId, recursionFn, create, skipWatchIdCheck);
	    };
	  },

	  lazyAssign: function(id, value) {
	    var self = this;
	    return function() {
	      self.assign(id, value);
	    };
	  },

	  stringEscapeRegex: /[^ a-zA-Z0-9]/g,

	  stringEscapeFn: function(c) {
	    return '\\u' + ('0000' + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).slice(-4);
	  },

	  escape: function(value) {
	    if (isString(value)) return "'"

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