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Created January 24, 2019 10:23
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CSS and SVG Masks
Raw
css-and-svg-masks.markdown

CSS and SVG Masks

I made this page to collect different types of masks and to test how browsers support them. The winner is SVG : )

Demos were made without fallbacks, so you can open this page in different browsers to check how they support collected features.

A Pen by yoksel on CodePen.

License.

Raw
index.html
<svg class="svg-defs">
<defs>
<clipPath id="clipping">
<polygon id="Star-1" points="98.4999978 153.75 38.2520165 185.424245 49.7583542 118.337123 1.01670635 70.8257603 68.3760155 61.037872 98.5000012 1.1379786e-14 128.624005 61.0378871 195.98331 70.8258091 147.241642 118.337136 158.747982 185.424247"/>
<text x="0" y="3.2em">Text</text>
</clipPath>
<linearGradient id="gradient" x1="0" y1="0" x2 ="110%" y2="0%">
<stop stop-color="#fff" offset="0"/><stop stop-color="#fff" offset="10%"/>
<stop stop-color="#AAA" offset="10%"/><stop stop-color="#AAA" offset="20%"/>
<stop stop-color="#777" offset="20%"/><stop stop-color="#777" offset="30%"/>
<stop stop-color="#333" offset="30%"/><stop stop-color="#333" offset="40%"/>
<stop stop-color="#000" offset="40%"/><stop stop-color="#000" offset="50%"/>
<stop stop-color="#fff" offset="50%"/><stop stop-color="#fff" offset="60%"/>
<stop stop-color="#AAA" offset="60%"/><stop stop-color="#AAA" offset="70%"/>
<stop stop-color="#777" offset="70%"/><stop stop-color="#777" offset="80%"/>
<stop stop-color="#333" offset="80%"/><stop stop-color="#333" offset="90%"/>
<stop stop-color="#000" offset="90%"/><stop stop-color="#000" offset="100%"/>
</linearGradient>
<mask id="masking" maskUnits="objectBoundingBox" maskContentUnits="objectBoundingBox">
<rect y="0" width="1" height="1" fill="url(#gradient)" />
<circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".42" fill="black" />
<circle cx="0" cy=".5" r=".32" fill="black" />
<circle cx="1" cy=".5" r=".32" fill="black" />
<circle cx="0" cy=".5" r=".3" fill="gray" />
<circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".4" fill="gray" />
<circle cx="1" cy=".5" r=".3" fill="gray" />
<circle cx="0" cy=".5" r=".25" fill="white" />
<circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".35" fill="white" />
<circle cx="1" cy=".5" r=".25" fill="white" />
</mask>
<pattern id="pattern"
patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse"
width="200" height="300"
viewbox="0 0 200 300">
<image xlink:href="https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5607/5091629.6b/0_612e6_b9039c0d_M.jpg" width="200" height="300" />
</pattern>
</defs>
</svg>
<div class="wrapper">
<h1>CSS and SVG Masks</h1>
<div class="item item--clip">
<div class="demo">
<img src="https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5607/5091629.6b/0_612e6_b9039c0d_M.jpg" alt="" class="has-mask"/>
</div>
<div class="text">
<h3>CSS clip</h3>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-masking-1-20140213/#clip-property">Specification</a>
<br /><br />
<code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
position: absolute;
clip: rect(10px, 190px, 190px, 10px);
}</pre></code>
<ul class="browsers">
<li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
<li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
<li class="browser ie9 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-12 has-support"></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ********* -->
<div class="item item--css-clip-path">
<div class="demo">
<img src="https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5607/5091629.6b/0_612e6_b9039c0d_M.jpg" alt="" />
</div>
<div class="text">
<h3>CSS clip-path</h3>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-masking-1-20140213/#the-clip-path">Specification</a>
<br /><br />
<code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
<del>clip-path: circle(100px, 100px, 100px);</del>
clip-path: circle(100px at center);
}</pre></code>
Syntax for circle <a href="http://dev.w3.org/csswg/css-shapes/#20130620">was chnaged</a>, to radial gradient syntax
<ul class="browsers">
<li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
<li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser firefox"></li>
<li class="browser ie9"></li>
<li class="browser opera-12"></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ********* -->
<div class="item item--svg-clip-path-svg">
<div class="demo">
<svg width="200" height="300">
<image xlink:href="https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5607/5091629.6b/0_612e6_b9039c0d_M.jpg" width="200" height="300" />
</svg>
</div>
<div class="text">
<h3>SVG clip-path for SVG elements</h3>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/masking.html#EstablishingANewClippingPath">Specification</a>
<br /><br />
<code class="code--svg"><pre>&lt;clipPath id="clipping">
&lt;polygon points="98.4999978 153.75..."/>
&lt;/clipPath></pre></code>
<code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
clip-path: url(#clipping);
}</pre></code>
<ul class="browsers">
<li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
<li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
<li class="browser ie9 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-12 has-support"></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ********* -->
<div class="item item--svg-clip-path-html">
<div class="demo">
<img src="https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5607/5091629.6b/0_612e6_b9039c0d_M.jpg" alt="" />
</div>
<div class="text">
<h3>SVG clip-path for HTML elements</h3>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-masking-1-20140213/#svg-clipping-paths">Specification</a>
<br /><br />
<code class="code--svg"><pre>&lt;clipPath id="clipping">
&lt;polygon points="98.4999978 153.75..."/>
&lt;/clipPath></pre></code>
<code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
clip-path: url(#clipping);
}</pre></code>
<ul class="browsers">
<li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
<li class="browser safari"></li>
<li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
<li class="browser ie9"></li>
<li class="browser opera-12"></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ********* -->
<div class="item item--css-mask">
<div class="demo">
<img src="https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5607/5091629.6b/0_612e6_b9039c0d_M.jpg" alt="" />
</div>
<div class="text">
<h3>CSS mask-image</h3>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-masking-1-20140213/#the-mask-image">Specification</a>
<br /><br />
<code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
mask-image: url(YOUR.png),
linear-gradient(-45deg,
rgba(0,0,0,1) 20%, rgba(0,0,0,0) 50%);
mask-repeat: space;
}</pre></code>
Mask image: <a href="https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/9492/5091629.9d/0_80e74_9f303e3d_M.png">PNG</a>
<ul class="browsers">
<li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
<li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
<li class="browser ie9"></li>
<li class="browser opera-12"></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ********* -->
<div class="item item--svg-mask-svg">
<div class="demo">
<svg width="200" height="300">
<image xlink:href="https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5607/5091629.6b/0_612e6_b9039c0d_M.jpg"
width="200" height="300"
/></svg>
</div>
<div class="text">
<h3>SVG mask for SVG elements</h3>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG11/masking.html#Masking">Specification</a>
<br /><br />
<code class="code--svg"><pre>&lt;mask id="masking" maskUnits="objectBoundingBox"
maskContentUnits="objectBoundingBox">
&lt;rect y="0" width="1" height="1" fill="url(#gradient)" />
&lt;circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".4" fill="gray" />
&lt;circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".3" fill="white" />
...
&lt;/mask></pre></code>
<code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
mask: url(#masking);
}</pre></code>
<ul class="browsers">
<li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
<li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
<li class="browser ie9 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-12 has-support"></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ********* -->
<div class="item item--svg-mask-html">
<div class="demo">
<img src="https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5607/5091629.6b/0_612e6_b9039c0d_M.jpg" alt="" />
</div>
<div class="text">
<h3>SVG mask for HTML elements</h3>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2014/WD-css-masking-1-20140213/#the-mask-image">Specification</a>
<br /><br />
<code class="code--svg"><pre>&lt;mask id="masking" maskUnits="objectBoundingBox"
maskContentUnits="objectBoundingBox">
&lt;rect y="0" width="1" height="1" fill="url(#gradient)" />
&lt;circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".4" fill="gray" />
&lt;circle cx=".5" cy=".5" r=".3" fill="white" />
...
&lt;/mask></pre></code>
<code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
mask: url(#masking);
}</pre></code>
<ul class="browsers">
<li class="browser chrome"></li>
<li class="browser safari"></li>
<li class="browser opera-13"></li>
<li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
<li class="browser ie9"></li>
<li class="browser opera-12"></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ********* -->
<div class="item item--css-background-clip">
<div class="demo">
Text
</div>
<div class="text">
<h3>background-clip</h3>
<a href="https://www.webkit.org/blog/164/background-clip-text/">Documentation</a>
<br /><br />
<code class="code--css"><pre>.item {
background: url(YOUR IMAGE) no-repeat;
-webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
-webkit-background-clip: text;
}</pre></code>
<ul class="browsers">
<li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
<li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
<li class="browser ie9"></li>
<li class="browser opera-12"></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- ********* -->
<div class="item item--svg-fill">
<div class="demo">
<svg width="200" height="200">
<text x="0" y="1em">Text</text>
</svg>
</div>
<div class="text">
<h3>SVG fill</h3>
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/painting.html#FillProperties">Specification</a>
<br /><br />
<div class="comment">Not real mask, but looks like <code>-webkit-background-clip: text;</code> and has much better support.</div>
<br /><br />
<code class="code--svg"><pre>&lt;pattern id="pattern" patternUnits="userSpaceOnUse"
width="200" height="300" viewbox="0 0 200 300">
&lt;image xlink:href="YOUR IMAGE" width="200" height="300" />
&lt;/pattern></pre></code>
<code class="code--css"><pre>text {
fill: url(#pattern);
}</pre></code>
<ul class="browsers">
<li class="browser chrome has-support"></li>
<li class="browser safari has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-13 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser firefox has-support"></li>
<li class="browser ie9 has-support"></li>
<li class="browser opera-12 has-support"></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!--
https://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/masking/adobe/#toc-masking
http://habrahabr.ru/post/190246/
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/-webkit-mask-image
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/mask
http://thenittygritty.co/css-masking
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18792402/css-webkit-mask-image
https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/InternetWeb/Conceptual/SafariVisualEffectsProgGuide/Masks/Masks.html
http://www.xiper.net/manuals/css-extensions/webkit/properties/webkit-mask.html
-->
Raw
style.scss
b {
font-weight: bold;
}
i {
font-style: italic;
}
.item--clip .demo {
width: 200px;
height: 250px;
}
.item--clip .has-mask {
position: absolute;
clip: rect(10px, 190px, 190px, 10px);
}
.item--css-clip-path img {
-webkit-clip-path: circle(100px at center);
-moz-clip-path: circle(100px, 100px, 100px);
clip-path: circle(100px, 100px, 100px);
}
.item--svg-clip-path-svg image,
.item--svg-clip-path-html img {
clip-path: url(#clipping);
}
.item--css-mask img {
mask-image: url(https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/9492/5091629.9d/0_80e74_9f303e3d_M.png),
linear-gradient(-45deg,
black 20%, transparent 50%);
mask-repeat: space;
}
.item--svg-mask-html img,
.item--svg-mask-svg image{
mask: url(#masking);
}
.item--css-background-clip .demo {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
background: url(https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5607/5091629.6b/0_612e6_b9039c0d_M.jpg) no-repeat;
-webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
-webkit-background-clip: text;
}
.item--svg-fill text {
fill: url(#pattern);
}
.demo,
#clipping,
#masking text {
font: bold italic 7em/1.5 Georgia;
}
/* Common
------------------------------------------- */
BODY {
font: 12px/1.4 "Trebuchet MS", Arial, sans-serif;
}
A {
color: tomato;
}
H1, H2, H3, H4 {
margin-bottom: 1rem;
font-family: Georgia, serif;
line-height: 1.4;
}
H1 {
position: relative;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
padding-bottom: 1rem;
border-bottom: 1px solid #CCC;
text-align: center;
text-shadow: 1px 1px 0 white,
2px 2px 0 #555;
font-size: 4em;
font-style: italic;
&:after {
content: "Live demo";
position: absolute;
margin-left: 5px;
padding: 1px 5px;
vertical-align: top;
border-radius: 5px;
background: paleturquoise;
white-space: nowrap;
text-shadow: none;
font-size: 1rem;
color: #FFF;
}
}
H2 {
padding-bottom: .3rem;
border-bottom: 1px solid #333;
font-size: 2.8em;
color: #333;
}
H3 {
text-shadow: 1px 1px 0 white,
2px 2px 0 #CCC;
font-size: 2.5em;
font-style: italic;
color: #777;
}
H4 {
font-size: 1.6em;
font-style: italic;
color: #999;
}
$css-code-color: hsl(50, 80%, 75%);
$svg-code-color: hsl(75, 70%, 75%);
$code-header-height: 25px;
code {
display: block;
position: relative;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
overflow: auto;
max-width: 90%;
padding: $code-header-height + 10px 10px 7px;
border-radius: 5px;
.comment & {
display: inline-block;
margin: 0;
padding: 2px 5px;
vertical-align: middle;
background: #EEE;
color: #777;
}
&:before {
left: 0;
right: 0;
top: 0;
height: $code-header-height;
line-height: $code-header-height + .2;
padding-left: 10px;
position: absolute;
font-weight: bold;
font-style: italic;
}
.comment &:before {
content: none;
}
}
.code--css {
background: lighten($css-code-color,10%);
&:before {
content: "CSS";
background: $css-code-color;
color: darken($css-code-color,45%);
}
}
.code--svg {
background: lighten($svg-code-color,10%);
&:before {
content: "SVG";
background: $svg-code-color;
color: darken($svg-code-color,45%);
}
}
.svg-defs {
position: absolute;
width: 0;
height: 0;
}
.wrapper {
width: 90%;
min-width: 500px;
max-width: 800px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 2rem 0;
conter-reset: mylist;
&:after {
content: '';
display: table;
width: 100%;
clear: both;
}
}
.item {
position: relative;
margin-bottom: 2em;
padding-bottom: 2em;
padding-right: 3em;
border-bottom: 1px solid #DDD;
counter-increment: mylist;
&:before {
content: counter(mylist);
position: absolute;
right: 0;
top: 0;
font: 2rem/1 Georgia, serif;
color: #EEE;
}
&:after {
content: '';
display: table;
width: 100%;
}
}
.demo {
position: relative;
float: left;
margin-right: 30px;
&:before {
content: '';
display: block;
position: absolute;
z-index: -2;
top: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
background: url(https://img-fotki.yandex.ru/get/5607/5091629.6b/0_612e6_b9039c0d_M.jpg) no-repeat;
opacity: 0;
transition: .7s;
}
.item:hover &:before {
opacity: .4;
}
}
.text {
padding-left: 230px;
}
/* Browsers
------------------------------- */
.browsers {
margin-top: 1.5rem;
}
.browser {
display: inline-block;
opacity: .2;
}
.has-support {
opacity: 1;
}
.browser:before {
content: "";
display: inline-block;
width: 24px;
height: 24px;
margin-right: 7px;
background: url(https://yoksel.github.io/assets/img/sprite-browsers.png) 0 0 no-repeat;
vertical-align: middle;
}
.firefox:before {
background-position: 0 0;
}
.chrome:before {
background-position: -30px 0;
}
.safari:before {
background-position: -60px 0;
}
.ie8:before {
background-position: -90px 0;
}
.ie9:before {
background-position: -90px 0;
}
.opera-13:before {
background-position: -120px 0;
}
.opera-12:before {
background-position: -150px 0;
}
.opera-mob:before {
background-position: -150px 0;
}
.opera-mini:before {
background-position: -150px 0;
}
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