String truncate extension for Swift 4

string-truncate.swift

extension String {
  /*
   Truncates the string to the specified length number of characters and appends an optional trailing string if longer.
   - Parameter length: Desired maximum lengths of a string
   - Parameter trailing: A 'String' that will be appended after the truncation.
    
   - Returns: 'String' object. 
  */
  func trunc(length: Int, trailing: String = "…") -> String {
    return (self.count > length) ? self.prefix(length) + trailing : self
  }
}

// Swift 4.0 Example
let str = "I might be just a little bit too long".truncate(10) // "I might be…"

import Foundation

extension String {
    enum TruncationPosition {
        case head
        case middle
        case tail
    }

    func truncated(limit: Int, position: TruncationPosition = .tail, leader: String = "...") -> String {
        guard self.count > limit else { return self }

        switch position {
        case .head:
            return leader + self.suffix(limit)
        case .middle:
            let headCharactersCount = Int(ceil(Float(limit - leader.count) / 2.0))

            let tailCharactersCount = Int(floor(Float(limit - leader.count) / 2.0))
            
            return "\(self.prefix(headCharactersCount))\(leader)\(self.suffix(tailCharactersCount))"
        case .tail:
            return self.prefix(limit) + leader
        }
    }
}

Very helpful, thanks.

.trunc(10)

Is it possible to modify it so that the last word is not cut?

I am getting bit by this, the truncated string has count = to length + the trailing.count. HOWEVER lengthOfBytes(using: .utf8) will be more than that, so it fails to insert into a varchar[length]
my string is utf-16

nice solution

@salva
Something like this

func trunc(length: Int, trailing: String = "…") -> String {
    if (self.count <= length) {
      return self
    }
    var truncated = self.prefix(length)
    while truncated.last != " " {
      truncated = truncated.dropLast()
    }
    return truncated + trailing
  }

@namnd, wrong Salva!
You probably meant @SalvatoreAD

Thanks a lot!

Thanks a lot

Nice Gist, I would just add taking into account the trailing for the length of the string (I also updated the function signature to work with your example):

extension String {
    func truncate(_ length: Int, trailing: String = "…") -> String {        
        (self.count > length) ? self.prefix(max(0, length - trailing.count)) + trailing : self
    }
}

Using your example, let str = "I might be just a little bit too long".truncate(10) would now return a string with 10 characters (I might…), instead of 13 like before (I might be…).

@salva
Something like this

func trunc(length: Int, trailing: String = "…") -> String {
    if (self.count <= length) {
      return self
    }
    var truncated = self.prefix(length)
    while truncated.last != " " {
      truncated = truncated.dropLast()
    }
    return truncated + trailing
  }

Works, just needs a guard in case the string has no " " space

func trunc(length: Int, trailing: String = "…") -> String {
    if (self.count <= length) {
      return self
    }
    var truncated = self.prefix(length)
    while truncated.last != " " {

          guard truncated.count > length else {
            break
          }
      truncated = truncated.dropLast()
    }
    return truncated + trailing
  }
`

You keep summoning me, so...

If the main use of trunc is to shorten strings that are too long for presentation purposes, it doesn't make sense to make the replacement when the substitution string is actually longer than the part that is being removed:

A better approach is to let the length argument mean the new length of the string, with trailing included:

var truncated = self.prefix(length - trailing.count)

Then you may like to consider the edge case where the length of trailing is bigger than length.

A safe version :

extension String {
    func trunc(length: Int, trailing: String = "…") -> String {
        let maxLength = length - trailing.count
        guard maxLength > 0, !self.isEmpty, self.count > length else {
            return self
        }
        return self.prefix(maxLength) + trailing
    }
}

Thanks. Have used in my project SpotifyLyricsInMenubar

Thank you!