Example of binding a nodes size to answer Stackoverflow question https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35632807/javafx-8-monopoly-board-layout-with-image-in-center-of-board .

Monopoly.java

package com.isp.stackoverflow;

import javafx.application.Application;
import javafx.beans.binding.DoubleBinding;
import javafx.scene.Scene;
import javafx.scene.image.ImageView;
import javafx.scene.layout.ColumnConstraints;
import javafx.scene.layout.GridPane;
import javafx.scene.layout.Pane;
import javafx.scene.layout.RowConstraints;
import javafx.scene.layout.StackPane;
import javafx.stage.Stage;

public class SpelbordView extends GridPane
{
  public Pane[] panes = new Pane[40];


  public SpelbordView()
  {
    layoutNodes();
  }

  private void layoutNodes()
  {
    final RowConstraints rowsEdge = new RowConstraints();
    rowsEdge.setPercentHeight( 14 );
    final RowConstraints rowsMid = new RowConstraints();
    rowsMid.setPercentHeight( 8 );

    final ColumnConstraints colEdge = new ColumnConstraints();
    colEdge.setPercentWidth( 14 );

    final ColumnConstraints colMid = new ColumnConstraints();
    colMid.setPercentWidth( 8 );

    this.getColumnConstraints().addAll( colEdge, colMid, colMid, colMid, colMid, colMid, colMid, colMid, colMid, colMid, colEdge );
    this.getRowConstraints().addAll( rowsEdge, rowsMid, rowsMid, rowsMid, rowsMid, rowsMid, rowsMid, rowsMid, rowsMid, rowsMid, rowsEdge );

    final StackPane imagePane = new StackPane();
    this.add( imagePane, 1, 1, 9, 9 );

    final DoubleBinding multipliedHeight = this.heightProperty().multiply( 0.72 );
    final DoubleBinding multipliedWidth = this.widthProperty().multiply( 0.72 );

    imagePane.maxHeightProperty().bind( multipliedHeight );
    imagePane.maxWidthProperty().bind( multipliedWidth );
    imagePane.minHeightProperty().bind( multipliedHeight );
    imagePane.minWidthProperty().bind( multipliedWidth );
    imagePane.prefHeightProperty().bind( multipliedHeight );
    imagePane.prefWidthProperty().bind( multipliedWidth );

    final ImageView imageView =
        new ImageView( "http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Wjc79oqi1y0/VHitLAU44BI/AAAAAAAAG80/0UZ9n2JmvEo/s1600/Logo%2BMonopoly.png" );
    imageView.setPreserveRatio( true );
    imageView.fitWidthProperty().bind( imagePane.widthProperty().divide( 2 ) );

    imagePane.setStyle( "-fx-background-color: red;" );
    imagePane.getChildren().add( imageView );

    this.setGridLinesVisible( true );
  }

  public static class Monopoly extends Application
  {
    @Override
    public void start( final Stage primaryStage ) throws Exception
    {
      final Scene scene = new Scene( new SpelbordView(), 800, 600 );
      primaryStage.setScene( scene );
      primaryStage.show();
    }

    public static void main( final String[] args )
    {
      launch( args );
    }
  }
}