- Open the Terminal Application
 - Type in 
sudo -iand type in your Mac Administrator account password.sudogives you root level or administrator level privileges. 
dsconfigad -show
dsconfigad -remove -username
<username>-password<password>[-localuser<localadmin>-localpassword<localpass>]
Note: <username> needs to be replaced with domain administrator who has binding/unbinding rights.
<computer-name> --> replace this with the computer name you want to bind to Active Directory
<username> --> needs to be replaced with domain administrator who has binding/unbinding rights.
<domain> --> replace with domain you want to join.
dsconfigad -add
<domain>-computer<computer-name>-username<username>-password<password>-ou "CN=Computers,DC=network,DC=example,DC=com" [-force] [-localuser<localadmin>-localpassword<localpass>] -mobile enable -mobileconfirm enable -localhome enable -useuncpath enable -protocol smb -groups "Domain Admins,Enterprise Admins" -alldomains enable -packetsign require -packetencrypt require
<computer-name> --> replace this with the computer name you want to bind to Active Directory
<username> --> needs to be replaced with domain administrator who has binding/unbinding rights.
<domain> --> replace with domain you want to join.
dsconfigad -add
<domain>-computer<computer-name>-username<username>-password<password>-ou "CN=Computers,DC=network,DC=example,DC=com" [-force] [-localuser<localadmin>-localpassword<localpass>] -localhome enable -useuncpath enable -protocol smb -groups "Domain Admins,Enterprise Admins" -alldomains enable -packetsign require -packetencrypt require
Has anyone ever found a cause for "Node name wasn't found. (2000)" besides time difference or DNS?
I ran "net time" on our AD controller and it matches the time on my MacBook nearly to the second. It's using our network's DHCP for DNS settings.
I haven't been able to find any other reasons for this error when searching online. I had no problems binding it to the domain manually through System Preferences.
UPDATE:
Turned out to be a switch that wasn't working after all. When configuring MacBooks at work, we're supposed to check the box, "Prefer this domain server:", and then enter our organization's domain. I tried automating this by adding the -preferred switch followed by our domain, but apparently that breaks dsconfigad.