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@chyuaner
Last active April 16, 2020 05:05
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先做好硬碟分割
PS. 本人指令功力不足(掩面),我會先藉助Gparted圖形介面分割軟體做好分割,分割後記得等等要安裝的分割區代號(像是/dev/sda3那種)
掛載要安裝的分割區
$ mount /dev/sda3 /mnt #我是安裝在sda3分割區
$ dhcpcd #開啟有線網路自動抓取IP
$ pacstrap /mnt base base-devel #安裝Linuix所需基本檔案環境
產生需要的自動掛載設定檔
$ genfstab -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
暫時切換根目錄到/mnt裡
$ arch-chroot /mnt
安裝開機選單
$ pacman -S grub-bios os-prober
$ grub-mkconfig –o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
$ grub-install /dev/sda
設定語言
$ nano /etc/locale.gen
zh_TW.UTF-8 UTF-8
zh_TW.BIG5
$ locale-gen
$ echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
$ export LANG= en_US.UTF-8
設定電腦名稱
$ echo Yuan-NB > /etc/hostname
設定硬體時鐘(hardware clock)
$ ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Taipei /etc/localtime
$ hwclock --systohc –-localtime
建立初始的ramdisk環境
$ mkinitcpio -p linux
安裝網路
$ pacman –S wicd wicd-gtk
$ systemctl enable wicd.service
安裝ntfs檔案格式支援
$ pacman -S ntfs-3g
設定sudo權限
$ visudo
%sudo ALL=(ALL) ALL
$ groupadd sudo
安裝相關的驅動程式(我以我的電腦K52JB為例,請自行根據情況調整)
$ pacman -S xf86-video-ati
$ pacman -S xf86-input-synaptics
啟用音效
$ pacman -S alsa-utils
啟用藍芽
$ systemctl enable bluetooth.service
$ pacman –S blueman
設定root帳號的密碼
$ passwd
編輯Fstab自動掛載
$ blkid #查詢所有分割區的UUID
$ nano /etc/fstab
啟用休眠
在guub.cfg裡的項目的linux那行後面加上resume=/dev/disk/by-uuid/<swap分割區的uuid>
$ nano /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
把"resume"加在"ide", "scsi" "sata" 之後,在 "filesystems"之前
$ mkinitcpio -p linux
離開/mnt資料夾
$ exit
$ umount /mnt #取消掛載
$ reboot #把電腦重開機
==============================================
重開機之後...
建立你自己以後要使用的使用者帳號
$ useradd -m -g users -s /bin/bash yuan #在此以我的帳號:yuan為例
$ passwd yuan
$ gpasswd -a yuan sudo
$ gpasswd -a yuan wheel
安裝常用的軟體
$ sudo pacman -S wget vim jshon git
安裝packer套件安裝程式(雖然有pacman,但如果要使用aur套件庫的東西,則需使用此程式)
$ sudo pacman -S jshon expac
$ wget https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/pa/packer/packer.tar.gz
$ tar zxvf packer.tar.gz
$ cd packer
$ makepkg PKGBUILD
$ sudo pacman -U packer-20120302-1-any.pkg.tar.xz #請根據實際下載到的檔名
安裝文泉驛字體
# sudo pacman -S wqy-bitmapfont wqy-zenhei
安裝KDE桌面環境
$ pacman –S kde
$ systemctl enable kdm.service
安裝gtk相容於kde的套件
$ sudo pacman -S oxygen-gtk3 oxygen-gtk2
$ sudo packer -S kde-gtk-config
安裝gcin輸入法
$ sudo pacman -S gcin libchewing anthy #libchewing:酷音輸入法 anthy:日文輸入
$ vim ~/.xprofile
export LC_CTYPE=zh_TW.UTF-8
export XMODIFIERS=@im=gcin
gcin &
$ sudo reboot
==============================================
進入桌面後,開啟終端機,然後...
安裝圖形介面套件管理程式
$ sudo pacman -S gnome-packagekit apper
安裝Firefox
$ sudo pacman -S firefox firefox-i18n-zh-tw
安裝Chromium
$ sudo pacman -S chromium
瀏覽器所需常用外掛
$ sudo pacman -S flashplugin icedtea-web-java7
安裝LibreOffice
$ sudo pacman -S libreoffice
在"有 109 個提供者可供 libreoffice-langpack"地方選擇"libreoffice-zh-TW"吧~
安裝kamoso
$ sudo packer -Ss kamoso
安裝Skype
# sudo nano /etc/pacman.conf
取消註解以下兩行的註解:
[multilib]
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
$ sudo pacman -S skype
安裝wine轉譯器
$ sudo pacman -S wine q4wine playonlinux
安裝影音播放軟體
$ sudo pacman -S audacious smplayer smplayer-themes vlc
安裝繪圖軟體
$ sudo pacman -S gimp xsane xsane-gimp gimp-plugin-fblur gimp-plugin-gmic gimp-plugin-lqr gimp-plugin-mathmap gimp-plugin-wavelet-decompose gimp-plugin-wavelet-denoise gimp-refocus gimp-ufraw
安裝印表機
$ sudo pacman -S cups
$ sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/cups.socket
.include /usr/lib/systemd/system/cups.socket
[Socket]
ListenStream=0.0.0.0:631
ListenDatagram=0.0.0.0:631
BindIPv6Only=ipv6-only
$ sudo gpasswd -a yuan lp
$ sudo gpasswd -a yuan lpadmin
$ sudo systemctl enable cupsd.service
$ sudo systemctl start cupsd.service
安裝伺服器
$ sudo pacman -S samba
$ sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf.default /etc/samba/smb.conf
$ sudo nano /etc/samba/smb.conf
$ sudo systemctl enable smbd.service
$ sudo packer -S system-config-samba #安裝圖形介面的Samba設定視窗
$ cp -R /usr/lib/python3.3/site-packages/scsamba /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ #修正無法啟動程式的問題
安裝開發環境
$ sudo pacman -S geany geany-plugins eclipse eclipse-ecj eclipse-cdtkdevelop kdevelop-php kdevelop-python
$ sudo packer -S qtadb eclipse-android android-sdk-platform-tools eclipse-jigloo eclipse-egit
系統資訊
$ sudo packer -S cpu-g sysinfo
$ sudo pacman -S dmidecode
Gnome桌面環境
$ sudo pacman -S gnome gnome-extra
安裝VirtualBox虛擬電腦
$ sudo pacman -Syu
$ sudo pacman -S virtualbox virtualbox-guest-iso virtualbox-guest-dkms virtualbox-guest-utils virtualbox-host-dkms virtualbox-host-modules phpvirtualbox linux-headers
將電腦重開機
$ sudo dkms autoinstall
$ sudo systemctl enable dkms.service
$ sudo systemctl enable vboxservice.service
$ sudo gpasswd -a yuan vboxusers
將電腦重開機
$ sudo VBoxManage hostonlyif create
安裝網頁伺服器
$ sudo pacman -S apache php php-apache phpmyadmin php-mcrypt
$ sudo systemctl enable httpd.service
$ sudo systemctl enable mysqld.service
$ sudo nano /etc/php/php.ini
把以下3個註解取消
extension=pdo_mysql.so
extension=mysqli.so
extension=mysql.so
$ cp /etc/webapps/phpmyadmin/apache.example.conf /etc/httpd/conf/extra/httpd-phpmyadmin.conf
$ sudo -i
$ echo -e "\nInclude conf/extra/httpd-phpmyadmin.conf" >> /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
$ echo -e "\nInclude conf/extra/php5_module.conf" >> /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
$ echo -e "\nLoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so" >> /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
$ nano /usr/share/webapps/phpMyAdmin/.htaccess
把deny from all註解or砍掉
$ sudo systemctl restart httpd.service
$ exit
安裝其他
$ sudo pacman -S gparted htop blueman stardict filezilla
$ sudo packer -S grub-customizer
$ sudo packer -S kde-servicemenus-rootactions
$ sudo packer -S partitionmanager-svn
$ sudo pacman -S cinnamon cinnamon-control-center cinnamon-control-center
==============================================
待裝:
samba, ssh, apache, mysql, titanium studio, aptana studio, gnome-extra, zsh, emac, lxde
設定字體、連結
參考資料:
- https://gist.github.com/bcbcarl/5d3d9c41d728eef395dd (推薦!Carl大神寫的XD)
- https://gist.github.com/bcbcarl/2d4c77cc06955f74bd0b
- https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Installation_Guide_%28%E6%AD%A3%E9%AB%94%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%29
- https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Beginners%27_Guide_%28%E6%AD%A3%E9%AB%94%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%29
- https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Work_and_Play_with_Arch_%28%E6%AD%A3%E9%AB%94%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%29
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