Putting this file into /Library/PDF Services/ on a Mac OS 10.8 system will provide a new option in the Preview app for exporting PDFs at reduced file size but with still acceptable quality.

Reduce File Size Medium Quality 150dpi.qfilter

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
	<key>Domains</key>
	<dict>
		<key>Applications</key>
		<true/>
		<key>Printing</key>
		<true/>
	</dict>
	<key>FilterData</key>
	<dict>
		<key>ColorSettings</key>
		<dict>
			<key>ImageSettings</key>
			<dict>
				<key>Compression Quality</key>
				<real>0.0</real>
				<key>ImageCompression</key>
				<string>ImageJPEGCompress</string>
				<key>ImageScaleSettings</key>
				<dict>
					<key>ImageResolution</key>
					<integer>150</integer>
					<key>ImageScaleFactor</key>
					<real>0.0</real>
					<key>ImageScaleInterpolate</key>
					<integer>0</integer>
					<key>ImageSizeMax</key>
					<integer>0</integer>
					<key>ImageSizeMin</key>
					<integer>0</integer>
				</dict>
			</dict>
		</dict>
	</dict>
	<key>FilterType</key>
	<integer>1</integer>
	<key>Name</key>
	<string>Reduce File Size Medium Quality 150dpi</string>
	<key>Read Only</key>
	<true/>
</dict>
</plist>