Find the Docker container running the process with the specified process ID (PID) (as seen from the Docker host)

findcontainer.sh

#!/bin/bash

targetpid=$1
parentpid=0

while [ $parentpid != 1 ]; do
    parentpid=$(ps -o ppid= $targetpid)
    docker ps -q | xargs docker inspect --format '{{.State.Pid}}, {{.Name}}' | grep "^$parentpid"
    targetpid="$parentpid"
done