Python basics

basics.py

# Python basics

# No need to specify type of variables
zebras = 4 
school = 'MCTC'
GPA = 3.4
languages = ['Python', 'JavaScript', 'Swift']
mobile_development_languages = { 'iOS': 'Swift', 'Android': 'Java' }

# For loops - repeat once for every item in an iterable
for language in languages:
    print(language)

for platform in mobile_development_languages:  # Loops over keys in dictionary by default
    print(platform)

# if, elif, else statements. GPA is just a number. 
if GPA == 4:
    print('Wow!')
elif GPA > 3:
    print('Awesome!')
else:
    print('Cool!')

if mobile_development_languages['Android'] == 'Java':
    print('Time to upgrade to Kotlin!')

# Various list operation, such as...
languages.append('C#')
number_of_languages = len(languages)
languages.sort()
print(languages)

# Slicing iterables - lists, strings
first_two = languages[0:2]   # ['C#', 'JavaScript']
print(first_two)

last_language = languages[-1:]  # ['Swift']
print(last_language)

# String operations, for example... Also replace, upper, lower ... 
message = 'Welcome to the Capstone class'
words = message.split()  # split by spaces   ['Welcome', 'to', 'the', 'Capstone', 'class']
parts = message.split('t') # or by any other character   ['Welcome ', 'o ', 'he Caps', 'one class']
characters = len(message)  # 29


# While loops. Python has 'truthy' and 'falsy' values. 
# An empty list is considered false in an if-statement. A list with any elements is true
# An empty string is falsy, so is 0 and None
while languages:
    print(languages.pop())


name = ''
while not name:
    name = input('Please enter your name: ')

# Formatting with f-strings 
print(f'Nice to meet you, {name}!')