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simple_gpt_in_keras.py
import os
os.environ["KERAS_BACKEND"] = "tensorflow"
import keras
from keras import layers
from keras import ops
from keras.layers import TextVectorization
import numpy as np
import os
import string
import random
import tensorflow
import tensorflow.data as tf_data
import tensorflow.strings as tf_strings
def causal_attention_mask(batch_size, n_dest, n_src, dtype):
i = ops.arange(n_dest)[:, None]
j = ops.arange(n_src)
m = i >= j - n_src + n_dest
mask = ops.cast(m, dtype)
mask = ops.reshape(mask, [1, n_dest, n_src])
mult = ops.concatenate(
[ops.expand_dims(batch_size, -1), ops.convert_to_tensor([1, 1])], 0
)
return ops.tile(mask, mult)
class TransformerBlock(layers.Layer):
def __init__(self, embed_dim, num_heads, ff_dim, rate=0.1):
super().__init__()
self.att = layers.MultiHeadAttention(num_heads, embed_dim)
self.ffn = keras.Sequential(
[
layers.Dense(ff_dim, activation="relu"),
layers.Dense(embed_dim),
]
)
self.layernorm1 = layers.LayerNormalization(epsilon=1e-6)
self.layernorm2 = layers.LayerNormalization(epsilon=1e-6)
self.dropout1 = layers.Dropout(rate)
self.dropout2 = layers.Dropout(rate)
def call(self, inputs):
input_shape = ops.shape(inputs)
batch_size = input_shape[0]
seq_len = input_shape[1]
causal_mask = causal_attention_mask(batch_size, seq_len, seq_len, "bool")
attention_output = self.att(inputs, inputs, attention_mask=causal_mask)
attention_output = self.dropout1(attention_output)
out1 = self.layernorm1(inputs + attention_output)
ffn_output = self.ffn(out1)
ffn_output = self.dropout2(ffn_output)
return self.layernorm2(out1 + ffn_output)
class TokenAndPositionEmbedding(layers.Layer):
def __init__(self, maxlen, vocab_size, embed_dim):
super().__init__()
self.token_emb = layers.Embedding(input_dim=vocab_size, output_dim=embed_dim)
self.pos_emb = layers.Embedding(input_dim=maxlen, output_dim=embed_dim)
def call(self, x):
maxlen = ops.shape(x)[-1]
positions = ops.arange(0, maxlen, 1)
positions = self.pos_emb(positions)
x = self.token_emb(x)
return x + positions
vocab_size = 20000 # Only consider the top 20k words
maxlen = 80 # Max sequence size
embed_dim = 256 # Embedding size for each token
num_heads = 2 # Number of attention heads
feed_forward_dim = 256 # Hidden layer size in feed forward network inside transformer
def create_model():
inputs = layers.Input(shape=(maxlen,), dtype="int32")
embedding_layer = TokenAndPositionEmbedding(maxlen, vocab_size, embed_dim)
x = embedding_layer(inputs)
transformer_block = TransformerBlock(embed_dim, num_heads, feed_forward_dim)
x = transformer_block(x)
outputs = layers.Dense(vocab_size)(x)
model = keras.Model(inputs=inputs, outputs=[outputs, x])
loss_fn = keras.losses.SparseCategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True)
model.compile(
"adam",
loss=[loss_fn, None],
) # No loss and optimization based on word embeddings from transformer block
return model
batch_size = 128
# The dataset contains each review in a separate text file
# The text files are present in four different folders
# Create a list all files
filenames = []
directories = [
"aclImdb/train/pos",
"aclImdb/train/neg",
"aclImdb/test/pos",
"aclImdb/test/neg",
]
for dir in directories:
for f in os.listdir(dir):
filenames.append(os.path.join(dir, f))
print(f"{len(filenames)} files")
random.shuffle(filenames)
text_ds = tf_data.TextLineDataset(filenames)
text_ds = text_ds.shuffle(buffer_size=256)
text_ds = text_ds.batch(batch_size)
def custom_standardization(input_string):
"""Remove html line-break tags and handle punctuation"""
lowercased = tf_strings.lower(input_string)
stripped_html = tf_strings.regex_replace(lowercased, "<br />", " ")
return tf_strings.regex_replace(stripped_html, f"([{string.punctuation}])", r" \1")
# Create a vectorization layer and adapt it to the text
vectorize_layer = TextVectorization(
standardize=custom_standardization,
max_tokens=vocab_size - 1,
output_mode="int",
output_sequence_length=maxlen + 1,
)
vectorize_layer.adapt(text_ds)
vocab = vectorize_layer.get_vocabulary() # To get words back from token indices
def prepare_lm_inputs_labels(text):
text = tensorflow.expand_dims(text, -1)
tokenized_sentences = vectorize_layer(text)
x = tokenized_sentences[:, :-1]
y = tokenized_sentences[:, 1:]
return x, y
text_ds = text_ds.map(prepare_lm_inputs_labels, num_parallel_calls=tf_data.AUTOTUNE)
text_ds = text_ds.prefetch(tf_data.AUTOTUNE)
class TextGenerator(keras.callbacks.Callback):
def __init__(
self, max_tokens, start_tokens, index_to_word, top_k=10, print_every=1
):
self.max_tokens = max_tokens
self.start_tokens = start_tokens
self.index_to_word = index_to_word
self.print_every = print_every
self.k = top_k
def sample_from(self, logits):
logits, indices = ops.top_k(logits, k=self.k, sorted=True)
indices = np.asarray(indices).astype("int32")
preds = keras.activations.softmax(ops.expand_dims(logits, 0))[0]
preds = np.asarray(preds).astype("float32")
return np.random.choice(indices, p=preds)
def detokenize(self, number):
return self.index_to_word[number]
def on_epoch_end(self, epoch, logs=None):
start_tokens = [_ for _ in self.start_tokens]
if (epoch + 1) % self.print_every != 0:
return
num_tokens_generated = 0
tokens_generated = []
while num_tokens_generated <= self.max_tokens:
pad_len = maxlen - len(start_tokens)
sample_index = len(start_tokens) - 1
if pad_len < 0:
x = start_tokens[:maxlen]
sample_index = maxlen - 1
elif pad_len > 0:
x = start_tokens + [0] * pad_len
else:
x = start_tokens
x = np.array([x])
y, _ = self.model.predict(x, verbose=0)
sample_token = self.sample_from(y[0][sample_index])
tokens_generated.append(sample_token)
start_tokens.append(sample_token)
num_tokens_generated = len(tokens_generated)
txt = " ".join(
[self.detokenize(_) for _ in self.start_tokens + tokens_generated]
)
print(f"generated text:\n{txt}\n")
# Tokenize starting prompt
word_to_index = {}
for index, word in enumerate(vocab):
word_to_index[word] = index
start_prompt = "this movie is"
start_tokens = [word_to_index.get(_, 1) for _ in start_prompt.split()]
num_tokens_generated = 40
text_gen_callback = TextGenerator(num_tokens_generated, start_tokens, vocab)
model = create_model()
model.fit(text_ds, verbose=2, epochs=25, callbacks=[text_gen_callback])
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