cole-prework.md

#ColeWorsley Prework

Day One Questions
Day Two Questions
Day Three Questions
Day Four Questions
Day Five Questions
Day Six Questions
Day Seven Questions

Day One Questions

* On a website, what is the purpose of HTML code? + To give basic structure to the web page's contents. * What is the difference between an element and a tag? + A tag consists of the opening and closing brackets of a block of HTML code. An element is the opening and closing brackets plus the actual content. * Why do we use attributes in HTML elements? + Typically to include extra bits of information about the element. * Describe the purpose of the head, title, and body HTML elements. + The head and title are what will show up in the in any browser toolbar as well as inform the user of the title of the document. The body is typically the content of the webpage. * In your browser (Chrome), how do you view the source of a website? + command + option + u * List five different HTML elements and what they are used for. For example, \

\

is a paragraph element, and it is used to represent a paragraph of text. 1. \

- this element is used for headers 2. \ - starting tag for the html code 3. \ - the body of the document 4. \ - text is bold 5. \ - text is italic * What are empty elements? + A specific tag that cannot have any nested data within it. For example a line break would be an empty element * What is semantic markup? + Essentially, this is using specific tags to clearly describe the content. These tags don't affect any structure, however, they do add information about the page * What are three new semantic elements introduced in HTML 5? Use page 431 in the book to find more about these new elements. + \ \ \

Day Two Questions

### HTML * There are three main types of lists in HTML: ordered, unordered, and definition. What are their differences? *

Definition List

This list I am using is a definition list (like a dictionary).

Ordered List

1. numbered list

Unordered list

• list without numbers

* What is the basic structure of an element used to link to another website? * \ - which is the anchor then href - is the attribute afterwhich you use the link. For example: Google Homepage * What attribute should you include in a link to open a new tab when the link is clicked? * the target attribute (\) * How do you link to a specific part of the same page? * if there is an id attribute that you are linking to simply add a # and the name of the attribute. Example Top of the page

CSS Questions

• What is the purpose of CSS?
• to provide formatting and style to webpages
• What does CSS stand for? What does cascading mean in this case?
• Cascading Style Sheets - essentially cascading in this case allows one change to affect multiple sheets, etc.
• What is the basic structure of a CSS rule?
• selector (h1) and declaration block ({})
• How do you link a CSS stylesheet to your HTML document?
• by using the <link> tag in your HTML page. ("<link: href:="css/styles.css" type="text/css" rel = "stylesheet" />")
• What is it useful to use external stylesheets as opposed to using interal CSS?
• All web pages can use the same style sheet
• Describe what a color hex code is.
• hexadecimal code to represent RGB colors
• What are the three parts of an HSL color property?
• Hue (0 - 360 colors), Saturation (0% = gray, 100% = full color), and Lightness (0% = black, 100% = white)
• In the world of typeface, what are the three main categories of fonts? What are the differences between them?

1. Serif - has extra details to the main characters
2. Sans-Serif - straight ends to the letters
3. Monospace - every letter is the same width

• When specifiying font-size, what are the main three units used?
• Pixels (px) - Percentages (%) - EMS (em) (relative to the size of text in the parent element)

Day Three Questions

HTML

• If you're using an input element in a form, what attribute controls the behavior of that input?
• the type attribute
• What element is used to create a dropdown list?
• the select attribute
• If you're using an input element to send form data to a server, what should the type attribute be set to?
• the submit attribute
• What element is used to group similar form items together?
• the <fieldset> element

CSS

• Describe the differences between border, margin, and padding.
• Border is the outline of the box. Margin is the outside the border and determines the distance relative to other items. Padding is the space between the border and the content of the box
• For a CSS rule padding: 1px 2px 5px 10px, what sides of the content box does each pixel value correspond to?
• top, right, bottom, left
• Descirbe the different between block-level and inline elements.
• a block-level element will take up the whole width of the page. Inline elements take up only the space that they need.
• What is the role of fixed positioning, and why is z-index important in the scenario of using foxed positioning?
• Fixed positioning positions elements in relation to the browser window. They don't move when the user scrolls up or down the page. The z-index allows you to control which box appears first.
• What is the difference between a fixed and liquid layout?
• fixed layouts don't change their size when a user adjusts the browser area. Liquid layouts change depending on the browser size (usually uses percentages instead of pixels).

Day Four Questions

### HTML * In an image element, why is the alt attribute important? * provides a description if the image cannot be viewed * What determines if an image element is inline or block? * the type of element the image is sitting in. If it is nested in a block element, then the image element will become a block element * What are the benefits of jpg or png image file formats? * png is used for smaller image files, jpg supports true color and therefore can store a higher quality picture. However, this typically means the file size is larger.

CSS

• What is the benefit of specifying the height and width of images in CSS compared to specifying in the HTML?
• If you are using multiple images that need to be the same size, you only need to write code for it once inside of CSS.
• What is an image sprite, and why is it useful?
• when a single image is used for multiple different parts of the page. It is useful as the image only needs one requests as opposed to multiple.

Day Five Questions

JavaScript

• There are three big data types in JavaScript: numbers, strings, and booleans. Describe what each of them are.

numbers

Integers or floating point values

strings

text values

booleans

True False

• What are the three logical operators that JavaScript supports?
• binary, logic and unary
• What is the naming convention used for variables?
• camelCase
• What is the difference between an expression and a statement?
• An expression is a singular fragment of code - a statement is a combination of expressions
• What are a few JavaScript reserved words, and why are they important to avoid using them for variable names?
• var, class, while, for, etc. These are already variables, functions, etc.
• What is control flow, and why is it useful for programming?
• the order statements in code are executed

Day Six Questions

* If we have a function defined as function sayHello(){console.log("Hello!")}, what is the difference between entering sayHello and sayHello() in the console? * unless it's tied to a variable called sayHello, the first option will error out. when running sayHello(), the console will write "Hello!" * What is the keyword return used for? * to return a variable or another function after the function has ran. * What are function parameters? * a variable or item that can be passed into a function through a declaration * What is the naming convention used for function names? * camelCase

Day Seven Questions

* NADA

Cole Worsley Prework