scratches_arrays.py

#arrays only specific type of data is used
import array
arr=array.array('i',[23,24,25])
print(arr)
print(arr[1])

arr=array.array('f',[23.5,24.7,25.3])
print(arr)
print(arr[1])

#2-D array
T = [[11, 12, 5, 2], [15, 6,10], [10, 8, 12, 5], [12,15,8,6]]
print(T[0])
print(T[1][2])

#reading full array
for r in T:
    for c in r:
        print(c,end = " ")
    print()
print()

#for inserting an array
T = [[11, 12, 5, 2], [15, 6,10], [10, 8, 12, 5], [12,15,8,6]]
T.insert(2, [0,5,11,13,6])
for r in T:
    for c in r:
        print(c,end = " ")
    print()
print()

#updating values
T = [[11, 12, 5, 2], [15, 6,10], [10, 8, 12, 5], [12,15,8,6]]
T[2] = [11,9]
T[0][3] = 7
for r in T:
    for c in r:
        print(c,end = " ")
    print()
print()

#deleting the element from array
T = [[11, 12, 5, 2], [15, 6,10], [10, 8, 12, 5], [12,15,8,6]]
del T[3]
for r in T:
    for c in r:
        print(c,end = " ")
    print()
print()

scratches_built in function.py

#len() for finding length of the function
name="Piyush"
print(len(name))

#upper() for upper case
print(name.upper())

#lower() foe lower case
print(name.lower())

#replace() we can replace one value to another
name2="Anand"
print(name.replace(name,name2))

#abs() to remove -ve from a number
num=-45
print(abs(num))

#str()
num=34
#print("the number is : "+num)#error
print("the number is : "+str(num))

#pow()
num=2
power=2
print(pow(num,power))

#max() return large number
num=34
power=10
print(max(num,power))

#min() return minimum value
print(min(num,power))

#round() rounding the number
num=34.7
print(round(num))

#######
#for some functions ue need to import specific module
#######

#module is a group of function
from math import *
#sqrt() for square root
num=36
print(sqrt(num))

#floor() changes the decimal value to it`s lowest integer
num=36.5
print(floor(num))

scratches_externalfile.py

def myfunction():
    print("Piyush Anand")
myfunction()

#passing parameters
'''def myfunction(num1,num2):
    sum=num1+num2
    print(sum)
myfunction(23,27)'''

scratches_firstprogram.py

print("hello world")

scratches_input statement.py

name=input("enter your name : ")
print(name)

scratches_loops and if else.py

#if else,elif
num=5
if num==10:
    print("the number is equal to 10")
    print("anand")
#print("piyush")
elif num==5: #for multiple conditions
    print("number is 11")
else:
    print("not 10")

#for loop
list=[12,13,14,15]

for getList in list:
    print(getList)

#while loop is used when we have huge data in data base
num=0
while num<100:
    num+=1
    print(num)

scratches_module.py

#used to import one file to another
import externalfile
externalfile .myfunction()
print()

scratches_user define function.py

#created by user it self
def myfunction():
    print("Piyush Anand")
myfunction()

#passing parameters
def myfunction(num1,num2):
    sum=num1+num2
    print(sum)
myfunction(23,27)

scratches_variable.py

_piyush=10
piyush=20
print(piyush)
print(_piyush)

#string use " "
name="piyush"
print(name)

#float
piyush=34.5
print(piyush)

#set = unordered data and can store multiple values
set={34,35,"piyush"}
print(set)

#"list" in python (in "array" we can store values of same data type and in "list" we can store values of different data type)
list=["piyush",24,"anand","ok"]
print(list)
print(list[1]) # for calling through index
print(list[1],list[3])
print(list[1:3]) #print all the elements from index 1 to index 3

#list function
list=["piyush","anand","deepak","anand"]
print(list)

#append
list.append("ok") #append or add the element in the end of the list
print(list)

#insert
#list.insert(1,5) #insert value at specific index
print(list)

#remove
list.remove("piyush")
print(list)

#pop
list.pop() #removes the last element
print(list)

#sort (only for same type)
list.sort() #arrange the list into sorted list
print(list)

#reverse
list.reverse() #reverses the index
print(list)

#extend
list2=[10,20,30,40]
list.extend(list2)
print(list)

#copy
list3=[]
list3=list.copy()
print(list)
print(list3)


#clear
list.clear()
print(list)

#2-D list
list2d=[
    [21,22,23,24],
    [31,32,33,34],
    #can be more
]
print(list2d[0][2])


#tuples
#tuple is same like list but once we use it we can`t change any index value
tuple=("piyush","anand")
print(tuple)
print(tuple[1])

#changing the element or index value is not possible
#tuple[1]="deepak"
#print(tuple[1])
#error
#tuple is used very less for protection


#dictionaries
months={
    "j":"january",
    "f":"february",
    "m":"march"
}
print(months.get("f"))