Bluetooth example with Kivy. A more fleshed-out example here: https://github.com/tito/android-demo. A more modern way of doing it: https://github.com/kivy/plyer. And this guy used Kivy to connect to an Arduino: https://github.com/brean/arduino-kivy-bluetooth. Native Kivy code (?): https://groups.google.com/d/msg/kivy-users/n_cMbFzf_1A/5edKgQgycx0J

bluetooth_kivy.py

# Same as before, with a kivy-based UI

'''
Bluetooth/Pyjnius example
=========================

This was used to send some bytes to an arduino via bluetooth.
The app must have BLUETOOTH and BLUETOOTH_ADMIN permissions (well, i didn't
tested without BLUETOOTH_ADMIN, maybe it works.)

Connect your device to your phone, via the bluetooth menu. After the
pairing is done, you'll be able to use it in the app.
'''

from jnius import autoclass

BluetoothAdapter = autoclass('android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter')
BluetoothDevice = autoclass('android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice')
BluetoothSocket = autoclass('android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket')
UUID = autoclass('java.util.UUID')

def get_socket_stream(name):
    paired_devices = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter().getBondedDevices().toArray()
    socket = None
    for device in paired_devices:
        if device.getName() == name:
            socket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(
                UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"))
            recv_stream = socket.getInputStream()
            send_stream = socket.getOutputStream()
            break
    socket.connect()
    return recv_stream, send_stream

if __name__ == '__main__':
    kv = '''
BoxLayout:
    Button:
        text: '0'
        on_release: app.reset([b1, b2, b3, b4, b5])

    ToggleButton:
        id: b1
        text: '1'
        on_release: app.send(self.text)

    ToggleButton:
        id: b2
        text: '2'
        on_release: app.send(self.text)

    ToggleButton:
        id: b3
        text: '3'
        on_release: app.send(self.text)

    ToggleButton:
        id: b4
        text: '4'
        on_release: app.send(self.text)

    ToggleButton:
        id: b5
        text: '5'
        on_release: app.send(self.text)
    '''
    from kivy.lang import Builder
    from kivy.app import App

    class Bluetooth(App):
        def build(self):
            self.recv_stream, self.send_stream = get_socket_stream('linvor')
            return Builder.load_string(kv)

        def send(self, cmd):
            self.send_stream.write('{}\n'.format(cmd))
            self.send_stream.flush()

        def reset(self, btns):
            for btn in btns:
                btn.state = 'normal'
            self.send('0\n')

    Bluetooth().run()

Note: https://github.com/hbldh/bleak has an open pull request with example code for ble android support at hbldh/bleak#422

You need to change the socket to rfcomm
I used my laptop with regular bluetooth but for android you will need ble and different socket

Were you able to solve this error? I am stuck in the same situation with no avail.

Why am I getting jnius.jnius.JavaException: JVM exception occurred: read failed, socket might closed or timeout, read ret: -1 java.io.IOException

I am getting this error.

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Vicky\Desktop\Repository\Android-with-Kivy-Framework\Examples\bluetooth_.py", line 15, in <module>
    BluetoothAdapter = autoclass('android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter')
  File "C:\Users\Vicky\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\jnius\reflect.py", line 211, in autoclass
    c = find_javaclass(clsname)
  File "jnius\jnius_export_func.pxi", line 26, in jnius.find_javaclass
  File "jnius\jnius_utils.pxi", line 91, in jnius.check_exception
jnius.JavaException: JVM exception occurred: android/bluetooth/BluetoothAdapter java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError