ORIGINAL_FootballClubManagementTest.php

<?php

    //...

    /** @test */
    function user_cannot_view_all_clubs()
    {
        $this->actingAs($this->mockUser());

        $response = $this->get('/admin/clubs');

        $response->assertStatus(403);
        $response->assertSee('403 Unauthorized');
        $response->assertSee('Only the Super Admin can view the Football Club directory.');
    }

    /** @test */
    function user_cannot_see_create_new_football_club_page()
    {
        $this->actingAs($this->mockUser());

        $response = $this->get('/admin/clubs/create');

        $response->assertStatus(403);
        $response->assertSee('403 Unauthorized');
        $response->assertSee('Only the Super Admin can create Football Clubs.');
    }

    /** @test */
    function user_cannot_store_a_new_football_club()
    {
        $this->actingAs($this->mockUser());

        $response = $this->post('/admin/clubs', ['name' => 'Unauthorized FC']);

        $response->assertStatus(403);
        $response->assertSee('403 Unauthorized');
        $response->assertSee('Only the Super Admin can create Football Clubs.');
    }

    /** @test */
    function user_cannot_see_football_club_edit_page()
    {
        $this->actingAs($this->mockUser());
        factory(FootballClub::class)->create([
            'id'   => 1,
            'name' => 'Test FC',
        ]);

        $response = $this->get('/admin/clubs/1');

        $response->assertStatus(403);
        $response->assertSee('403 Unauthorized');
        $response->assertSee('Only the Super Admin can edit Football Clubs.');
    }

    /** @test */
    function user_cannot_update_a_football_club()
    {
        $this->actingAs($this->mockUser());
        factory(FootballClub::class)->create([
            'id'   => 1,
            'name' => 'Test FC',
        ]);

        $response = $this->put('/admin/clubs/1', ['name' => 'New Name']);

        $response->assertStatus(403);
        $response->assertSee('403 Unauthorized');
        $response->assertSee('Only the Super Admin can edit Football Clubs.');
        $this->assertDatabaseHas('football_clubs', ['name' => 'Test FC']);
    }

REVISED_FootballClubManagementTest.php

<?php

    //...

    /**
     * @param       $method
     * @param       $uri
     * @param array $parameters
     * @test
     * @dataProvider requestsRequiringAuthorization
     */
    function authorization_policy_prevents_non_super_admin_users_from_interacting_with_football_clubs($method, $uri, $parameters = [])
    {
        $this->actingAs($this->mockUser());
        factory(FootballClub::class)->create(['name' => 'Unchanged FC']);

        /** @var TestResponse $response */
        $response = $this->$method($uri, $parameters);

        $response->assertStatus(403);
        $response->assertSee('403 Unauthorized');
        $this->assertDatabaseHas('football_clubs', ['name' => 'Unchanged FC']);
        $this->assertDatabaseMissing('football_clubs', ['name' => 'Unauthorized FC']);
    }

    function requestsRequiringAuthorization()
    {
        return [
            ['get',  '/admin/clubs',        []],
            ['get',  '/admin/clubs/create', []],
            ['get',  '/admin/clubs/1',      []],
            ['post', '/admin/clubs',        [
                'name' => 'Unauthorized FC'
            ]],
            ['put',  '/admin/clubs/1',      [
                'name' => 'New Name'
            ]],
        ];
    }