From Turtle - Terse RDF Triple Language
W3C Candidate Recommendation 19 February 2013
http://www.w3.org/TR/2013/CR-turtle-20130219/#sec-grammar-grammar
[1] turtleDoc ::= statement*
[2] statement ::= directive | triples '.'
[3] directive ::= prefixID | base | sparqlPrefix | sparqlBase
[4] prefixID ::= '@prefix' PNAME_NS IRIREF '.'
[5] base ::= '@base' IRIREF '.'
[5s] sparqlBase ::= "BASE" IRIREF
[6s] sparqlPrefix ::= "PREFIX" PNAME_NS IRIREF
[6] triples ::= subject predicateObjectList | blankNodePropertyList predicateObjectList?
[7] predicateObjectList ::= verb objectList (';' (verb objectList)?)*
[8] objectList ::= object (',' object)*
[9] verb ::= predicate | 'a'
[10] subject ::= iri | BlankNode | collection
[11] predicate ::= iri
[12] object ::= iri | BlankNode | collection | blankNodePropertyList | literal
[13] literal ::= RDFLiteral | NumericLiteral | BooleanLiteral
[14] blankNodePropertyList ::= '[' predicateObjectList ']'
[15] collection ::= '(' object* ')'
[16] NumericLiteral ::= INTEGER | DECIMAL | DOUBLE
[17] String ::= STRING_LITERAL_QUOTE | STRING_LITERAL_SINGLE_QUOTE | STRING_LITERAL_LONG_SINGLE_QUOTE | STRING_LITERAL_LONG_QUOTE
[128s] RDFLiteral ::= String (LANGTAG | '^^' iri)?
[133s] BooleanLiteral ::= 'true' | 'false'
[135s] iri ::= IRIREF | PrefixedName
[136s] PrefixedName ::= PNAME_LN | PNAME_NS
[137s] BlankNode ::= BLANK_NODE_LABEL | ANON