What's new in PHP 8.0 (code to accompany https://youtu.be/ve9bKHZG47c)

attributes.php

<?php

#[\Attribute(Attribute::TARGET_CLASS)]
class Route
{
    public function __construct(
        public string $path
    )
    {}
}


#[Setup, AllowedRoles("admin", "manager"), Route("home")]
class Controller
{   

}


$reflector = new ReflectionClass(Controller::class);

$attributes = $reflector->getAttributes();

var_dump($attributes[2]->newInstance());

constructor-property-promotion.php

<?php 

class User 
{
    /*
    public int $id;

    private string $name;

    public function __construct(int $id, string $name)
    {
        $this->id = $id;
        $this->name = $name;
    }
    */
    public function __construct(public int $id, private string $name)
    {
    }
}

match.php

<?php

$status_code = 404;

switch ($status_code) {
    case 200:
    case 300:
        $message = null;
        break;
    
    case 404:
        $message = 'Not found';
        break;
        
    case 500:
        $message = 'Server error';
        break;

    default:
        $message = 'Unknown status code';
        break;
}

$message = match ($status_code) {
    200, 300 => null,
    404 => "Not found",
    500 => "Server error",
    default => "Unknown status code"
};

named-arguments.php

<?php

$path = "one/two/three";

$parts = explode(string: $path, separator: "/");

print_r($parts);




setcookie("lang", "en", httponly: true);

new-string-functions.php

<?php 

// if (strpos("One Two Three", "Two") !== false) {
if (str_contains("One Two Three", "Two")) {

    // Found

} else {

    // Not found
    
}
    

$starts = str_starts_with("One Two Three", "One");  // true

$ends = str_ends_with("One Two Three", "Three");  // true

non-capturing-catch.php

<?php 

try {

    // Some code that could throw an exception

} catch (InvalidArgumentException) {
    
    echo "Invalid argument";
    
} catch (OutOfRangeException) {
    
    echo "Out of range";

} catch (Exception) {
    
    echo "Something went wrong";

}

nullsafe-operator.php

<?php

$country = null;

if ($session !== null) {
    
    $user = $session->user;
    
    if ($user !== null) {
        
        $address = $user->getAddress();
        
        if ($address !== null) {
            
            $country = $address->country;
        }
    }
}

$country = $session?->user?->getAddress()?->country;

throw.php

<?php

/*
if ($nullable_value === null) {

    throw new InvalidArgumentException();

}

$value = $nullable_value;
*/

$value = $nullable_value ?? throw new InvalidArgumentException();

union-types.php

<?php 

declare(strict_types=1);

class Discount
{
    /**
     * @var int|float $percentage
     */
    private int|float $percentage;

    public function setPercentage(int|float $value) {
        $this->percentage = $value;
    }

    public function getPercentage(): int|float {
        return $this->percentage;
    }
}

$discount = new Discount;

$discount->setPercentage(20.5);
var_dump($discount->getPercentage());