WordPress: Loops

wordpress_loops.php

<?php /* Main loop ------------------------------------------*/ ?>

<?php if (have_posts()) while (have_posts()): the_post(); ?>
  <h1><?php the_title(); ?></h1>
  <?php // get_template_part( 'content', 'home' ); ?>
<?php endwhile; ?>

<?php /* Simple alter main loop ------------------------------------------*/ ?>

<?php query_posts('posts_per_page=1&post_type=locations'); ?>
<?php if(have_posts()) while (have_posts()) : the_post(); ?>
  <h1><?php the_title(); ?></h1>
  <?php // get_template_part( 'content', 'home' ); ?>
  <?php the_content('read more...'); ?>
<?php endwhile; ?>
<?php wp_reset_query(); ?>

Modifying the query on Category Page 
<?php $cat = get_query_var('cat'); query_posts('orderby=menu_order&order=ASC&cat='.$cat); ?>

<?php /* Simple create multiple loops ------------------------------------------*/ ?>

<?php
  global $post;
  $args = array( 'posts_per_page' => 5 );
  $myposts = get_posts( $args );
  foreach( $myposts as $post ) :  setup_postdata($post); 
?>
  <h1><?php the_title(); ?></h1>
<?php endforeach; wp_reset_postdata(); ?>

<?php /* Multiple loops with pagination ------------------------------------------*/ ?>

<?php
  // sidebar fix
  global $paged;
  // home page fix
  if ( get_query_var('paged') ) $paged = get_query_var('paged');
  else if ( get_query_var('page') ) $paged = get_query_var('page');
  else $paged = 1;
  $ppp = get_option('posts_per_page');

  $tmp = $wp_query;
  $wp_query = null;
  $wp_query = new WP_Query(array( 'posts_per_page' => 2, 'paged' => $paged ));
  while ( $wp_query->have_posts() ) : $wp_query->the_post(); 
?>
  <h1><?php the_title(); ?></h1>
  <?php // get_template_part( 'content', 'home' ); ?>
<?php endwhile; ?>
<?php // previous_posts_link('&larr; Previous Post'); ?>
<?php // next_posts_link('Next Post &rarr;'); ?>
<?php // wp_pagenavi( array( 'query' => $wp_query ) ); ?>
<?php
  $wp_query = null;
  $wp_query = $tmp; 
?>

<?php /* Various Looping-related fixes ------------------------------------------*/ ?>

<?php
/**
 * Use 'read more' in a post listing on a page
 * See: http://codex.wordpress.org/Customizing_the_Read_More#How_to_use_Read_More_in_Pages
 */
?>
<?php
  global $more;
  query_posts('posts_per_page=1&post_type=locations'); 
  $more=0;
  // ...
?>

<?php /* Get Single page ------------------------------------------*/ ?>

  <?php
  // Get front | home pages
  $frontpage_id = get_option('page_on_front');
  $homepage_id = get_option('page_for_posts');
  $page = get_page($frontpage_id);
  // Get page by Title
  $page = get_page_by_title('Our Service Areas in Sydney'); 
  ?>
  <h2><?php echo $page->post_title; ?></h2>
  <?php echo apply_filters('the_content', $page->post_content); ?>