Deploy Rails 7.0.4.2 to VPS(DigitalOcean Ubuntu 20). Nginx, Puma, Capistrano3, PostgreSQL, Rbenv.

"torn" 1 Setup vps.md

SETUP VPS

based on DigitalOcean guide

Create local project

local$ rails new appname -T -d postgresql
local$ rails g scaffold Story title:string body:text
local$ rails db:migrate

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Go to Step 1.1 "Create deploy user" (remote root$)

---

Go to Step 1.2 "Setup rbenv ruby rails nginx postgresql" (remote deploy$)

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Setup ssh for GitHub

deploy$ ssh-keygen -t rsa # Add the newly created public key (~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub) to your repository’s deployment keys

Go to step 2 "Setup local Capistrano"

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Go to step 3 "Setup local Capfile"

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Go to step 4 "Setup local deploy.rb file"

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Go to step 5 "Setup local nginx.conf file"

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DEPLOYING RAILS APP

local$ git add -A
local$ git commit -m "Set up Puma, Nginx & Capistrano"
local$ git push origin master

sharing creds based on Medium column

Copy config/master.key from local filesystem to the production server under appname/shared/config/master.key

local$ cap production deploy:initial

Reboot Nginx

deploy$ sudo rm /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
deploy$ sudo ln -nfs "/home/deploy/apps/appname/current/config/nginx.conf" "/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/appname"
deploy$ sudo service nginx restart

configure firewall

https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/initial-server-setup-with-ubuntu-20-04

1.1 Create deploy user.md

root# apt update && apt upgrade

root# adduser deploy
root# gpasswd -a deploy sudo

# optional
root# vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config
# CHANGE `PermitRootLogin no` 
root# service ssh restart

root# rsync --archive --chown=deploy:deploy ~/.ssh /home/sammy

# check user could log in 

root# exit

1.2 Setup rbenv ruby rails nginx postgresql.md

deploy$ sudo apt -y install git-core curl autoconf bison zlib1g-dev build-essential libssl-dev libreadline-dev libyaml-dev libsqlite3-dev sqlite3 libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libffi-dev libz-dev libgdbm-dev libncurses5-dev


## For rails 6 also should be installed node.js & yarn
## God forbid you should do it with nvm. RIP this way

deploy$ git clone https://github.com/sstephenson/rbenv.git ~/.rbenv
deploy$ echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc
deploy$ echo 'eval "$(rbenv init -)"' >> ~/.bashrc &&  source ~/.bashrc 
deploy$ git clone https://github.com/sstephenson/ruby-build.git ~/.rbenv/plugins/ruby-build
deploy$ rbenv install 2.6.3 && rbenv global 2.6.3
deploy$ echo "gem: --no-document" > ~/.gemrc
deploy$ gem install bundler
deploy$ gem install rails -v 7.0.4.2 --no-document

deploy$ sudo apt install curl git-core nginx -y

deploy$ sudo apt -y install postgresql postgresql-contrib libpq-dev
deploy$ sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt $(lsb_release -cs)-pgdg main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list'
deploy$ wget -qO- https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/pgdg.asc &>/dev/null

deploy# sudo apt update -y

deploy$ sudo apt install postgresql postgresql-client -y
deploy$ sudo -u postgres psql -c "SELECT version();"

#  Upgrade init Postgres from 14 to 15 : https://gorails.com/guides/upgrading-postgresql-version-on-ubuntu-server

deploy$ sudo -u postgres createuser deploy -s
deploy$ sudo -u postgres psql
postgres=# \password deploy
postgres=# create database appname;
postgres=# \q

2 Setup local capistrano3.rb

ADD_TO_Gemfile:
group :development do
  gem 'capistrano',         require: false
  gem 'capistrano-rbenv',   require: false
  gem 'capistrano-rails',   require: false
  gem 'capistrano-bundler', require: false
  gem 'capistrano3-puma',   require: false
end

RUN:
cap install

3 Setup local Capfile.rb

# Load DSL and set up stages
require "capistrano/setup"

# Include default deployment tasks
require "capistrano/deploy"

require "capistrano/rbenv"
require "capistrano/bundler"
require "capistrano/rails"
require "capistrano/puma"
install_plugin Capistrano::Puma

require "capistrano/scm/git"
install_plugin Capistrano::SCM::Git

# Load custom tasks from `lib/capistrano/tasks` if you have any defined
Dir.glob("lib/capistrano/tasks/*.rake").each { |r| import r }

4 Setup local deploy.rb

# Change these
server 'your_server_ip', port: your_port_num, roles: [:web, :app, :db], primary: true # port_num is optional can be removed 

set :repo_url,        '[email protected]:username/appname.git'
set :application,     'appname'
set :user,            'deploy'
set :puma_threads,    [4, 16]
set :puma_workers,    0

# Don't change these unless you know what you're doing
set :pty,             true
set :use_sudo,        false
set :stage,           :production
set :deploy_via,      :remote_cache
set :deploy_to,       "/home/#{fetch(:user)}/apps/#{fetch(:application)}"
set :puma_bind,       "unix://#{shared_path}/tmp/sockets/#{fetch(:application)}-puma.sock"
set :puma_state,      "#{shared_path}/tmp/pids/puma.state"
set :puma_pid,        "#{shared_path}/tmp/pids/puma.pid"
set :puma_access_log, "#{release_path}/log/puma.error.log"
set :puma_error_log,  "#{release_path}/log/puma.access.log"
set :ssh_options,     { forward_agent: true, user: fetch(:user), keys: %w(~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub) }
set :puma_preload_app, true
set :puma_worker_timeout, nil
set :puma_init_active_record, true  # Change to false when not using ActiveRecord

## Defaults:
# set :scm,           :git
# set :branch,        :master
# set :format,        :pretty
# set :log_level,     :debug
# set :keep_releases, 5

## Linked Files & Directories (Default None):
# set :linked_files, %w{config/database.yml}
# set :linked_dirs,  %w{bin log tmp/pids tmp/cache tmp/sockets vendor/bundle public/system}
set :linked_files, %w{config/master.key}

namespace :puma do
  desc 'Create Directories for Puma Pids and Socket'
  task :make_dirs do
    on roles(:app) do
      execute "mkdir #{shared_path}/tmp/sockets -p"
      execute "mkdir #{shared_path}/tmp/pids -p"
    end
  end

  before :start, :make_dirs
end

namespace :deploy do
  desc "Make sure local git is in sync with remote."
  task :check_revision do
    on roles(:app) do
      unless `git rev-parse HEAD` == `git rev-parse origin/master`
        puts "WARNING: HEAD is not the same as origin/master"
        puts "Run `git push` to sync changes."
        exit
      end
    end
  end

  desc 'Initial Deploy'
  task :initial do
    on roles(:app) do
      before 'deploy:restart', 'puma:start'
      invoke 'deploy'
    end
  end

  desc 'Restart application'
  task :restart do
    on roles(:app), in: :sequence, wait: 5 do
      invoke 'puma:restart'
    end
  end

  before :starting,     :check_revision
  after  :finishing,    :compile_assets
  after  :finishing,    :cleanup
  after  :finishing,    :restart
end

# ps aux | grep puma    # Get puma pid
# kill -s SIGUSR2 pid   # Restart puma
# kill -s SIGTERM pid   # Stop puma

6 nginx.conf.md

deploy# sudo vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # update user with actual user FE: xxx-data->deploy

Create config/nginx.conf in your Rails project directory add the following to it (again, replacing with your parameters):

---

upstream puma {
  server unix:///home/deploy/apps/appname/shared/tmp/sockets/appname-puma.sock;
}

server {
  listen 80 default_server deferred;
  # server_name example.com;

  root /home/deploy/apps/appname/current/public;
  access_log /home/deploy/apps/appname/current/log/nginx.access.log;
  error_log /home/deploy/apps/appname/current/log/nginx.error.log info;

  location ^~ /assets/ {
    gzip_static on;
    expires max;
    add_header Cache-Control public;
  }

  try_files $uri/index.html $uri @puma;
  location @puma {
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    proxy_redirect off;

    proxy_pass http://puma;
  }

  error_page 500 502 503 504 /500.html;
  client_max_body_size 10M;
  keepalive_timeout 10;
}

7 Useful.rb

Capistrano::Rails::Db
cap production deploy:db:abort_if_pending_migrations  # Run rake db:abort_if_pending_migrations
cap production deploy:db:create                       # Run rake db:create
cap production deploy:db:drop                         # Run rake db:drop
cap production deploy:db:migrate                      # Run rake db:migrate         Migrate the database (options: VERSION=x, VERBOSE=false, SCOPE=blog)
cap production deploy:db:migrate:down                 # Run rake db:migrate:down    Run the "down" for a given migration VERSION
cap production deploy:db:migrate:redo                 # Run rake db:migrate:redo    Rollback the database one migration and re migrate up (options: STEP=x, VERSION=x)
cap production deploy:db:migrate:reset                # Run rake db:migrate:reset   Reset your database using your migrations
cap production deploy:db:migrate:status               # Run rake db:migrate:status  Display status of migrations
cap production deploy:db:migrate:up                   # Run rake db:migrate:up      Run the "up" for a given migration VERSION
cap production deploy:db:reset                        # Run rake db:reset           Drop and recreate the database from db/schema.rb and load the seeds
cap production deploy:db:rollback                     # Run rake db:rollback        Roll the schema back to the previous version (specify steps w/ STEP=n)
cap production deploy:db:seed                         # Run rake db:seed            Load the seed data from db/seed.rb
cap production deploy:db:setup                        # Run rake db:setup           Create the database, load the schema, and initialize with the seed data
cap production deploy:db:version                      # Run rake db:version         Retrieve the current schema version number


Capistrano::Nginx
nginx:setup                                           # creates /etc/nginx/sites-available/APPLICATION.conf and links it to /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/APPLICATION.conf
nginx:stop                                            # invokes service nginx stop on server
nginx:start                                           # invokes service nginx start on server
nginx:restart                                         # invokes service nginx restart on server
nginx:reload                                          # invokes service nginx reload on server
nginx:force-reload                                    # invokes service nginx force-reload on server
nginx:enable_site                                     # creates symlink in sites-enabled directory
nginx:disable_site                                    # removes symlink from sites-enabled directory


Capistrano::Rails::Console
cap production rails:console                  # This will add a task rails:console
cap production rails:console sandbox=1        # You can also start a sandbox session


For more commands run:
cap -T

8 Puma service.md

# create service file
# sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/puma.service
#
# than reload daemon
# sudo systemctl daemon-reload 
#
# enable puma service 
# sudo systemctl enable puma
#
# install puma as gem
# gem install puma
#
# Get number of CPU cores
# grep -c processor /proc/cpuinfo
# 
# Set number of puma workers as CPU cores
# vim config/puma.rb
#
# debug by running start command from shell
# /home/deploy/.rbenv/shims/puma -C /srv/deploy/current/config/puma.rb

[Unit]
Description=Puma HTTP Server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
WorkingDirectory=/srv/deploy/current
Environment=RAILS_ENV=production
Environment=RAILS_MASTER_KEY=insert_master_key

ExecStart=/home/deploy/.rbenv/shims/puma -C /srv/deploy/current/config/puma.rb
ExecStop=/home/deploy/.rbenv/shims/puma -S /srv/deploy/current/config/puma.rb

Restart=always
KillMode=process

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

I have tried step by step

At some point it tries to restart the puma sytemd, but it doesn't exist. Also the whole puma setting process is a nightmare.