unpivot_full_example.py

import pandas as pd

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # Create a DataFrame with dummy data.
    df = pd.DataFrame(data={'staff_no': [9999] * 5,
                            'name': ['Dean McGrath'] * 5,
                            'year': [2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020],
                            'hours': [349, 231, 876, 679, 976]})

    # Pivot the DataFrame based on Staff Number & Employee Name.
    df = df.pivot(index=['staff_no', 'name'],
                  columns=['year'], values='hours').reset_index()
    print(df.head())

    # Unpivot the DataFrame by Staff Number & Employee Name
    df = df.melt(id_vars=['staff_no', 'name'], var_name='year',
                 value_name='hours')
    print(df.head())