Plan.md

Time Punch System Technical Plan

1. Requirements

User Roles

Admin

• Full system access
• Manage user accounts
• View and edit all time entries
• Generate and export reports
• Configure system settings (e.g., work hours, overtime rules)
• View real-time dashboard of clocked-in workers

Worker

• Self-service time punch functionality
• View personal time history
• Basic reporting of own hours
• Update personal profile information

Core Features

Time Tracking

• Simple punch in/out interface
• Geolocation validation (optional)
• Photo verification (optional)
• Break time tracking
• Overtime tracking
• Support for different shift types

Admin Features

• Real-time attendance dashboard
• Bulk time entry editing
• Time entry approval workflow
• Anomaly detection (e.g., missed punches, unusual hours)
• User management interface
• Department/team management

Reporting

• Pre-built report templates:
  • Daily attendance
  • Weekly/monthly hours summary
  • Overtime reports
  • Late arrival/early departure
  • Missing punch reports
• Custom report builder
• Export capabilities (PDF, Excel, CSV)
• Scheduled report delivery

Authentication & Security

• Multi-factor authentication (optional)
• Session management
• Password policies
• Activity logging
• API rate limiting
• Role-based access control (RBAC)

2. Architecture Overview

Frontend Architecture

• React 18+ with TypeScript
• Component hierarchy:

  src/
  ├── components/
  │   ├── common/
  │   ├── admin/
  │   └── worker/
  ├── pages/
  ├── hooks/
  ├── services/
  └── utils/
  

• State management: Redux Toolkit
• UI Component Library: MUI or Tailwind
• Form handling: React Hook Form
• API client: Axios with interceptors

Backend Architecture

• Spring Boot 3.x
• Layered architecture:

  src/
  ├── config/
  ├── controller/
  ├── service/
  ├── repository/
  ├── model/
  │   ├── entity/
  │   ├── dto/
  │   └── mapper/
  └── security/
  

• Spring Security with JWT
• Hibernate/JPA for ORM
• Flyway for database migrations

3. Database Schema Design

Users Table

CREATE TABLE users (
    user_id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
    username VARCHAR(50) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
    email VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
    password VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    role VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    first_name VARCHAR(50),
    last_name VARCHAR(50),
    department VARCHAR(50),
    created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    updated_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    last_login TIMESTAMP,
    is_active BOOLEAN DEFAULT true,
    CONSTRAINT role_check CHECK (role IN ('ADMIN', 'WORKER'))
);

Punches Table

CREATE TABLE punches (
    punch_id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
    user_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES users(user_id),
    punch_in_time TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
    punch_out_time TIMESTAMP,
    date DATE NOT NULL,
    latitude DECIMAL(10,8),
    longitude DECIMAL(11,8),
    device_info JSON,
    notes TEXT,
    created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    updated_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    created_by UUID REFERENCES users(user_id),
    updated_by UUID REFERENCES users(user_id),
    CONSTRAINT valid_punch_times CHECK (punch_out_time IS NULL OR punch_out_time > punch_in_time)
);

Departments Table

CREATE TABLE departments (
    department_id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
    description TEXT,
    created_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    updated_at TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

4. Backend Implementation

Security Configuration

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {
    @Bean
    public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) {
        return http
            .csrf().disable()
            .sessionManagement()
            .sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
            .and()
            .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/api/auth/**").permitAll()
            .antMatchers("/api/admin/**").hasRole("ADMIN")
            .anyRequest().authenticated()
            .and()
            .addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
            .build();
    }
}

Service Layer Examples

@Service
@Transactional
public class PunchService {
    private final PunchRepository punchRepository;
    private final UserRepository userRepository;
    
    public PunchDTO createPunch(UUID userId, PunchRequest request) {
        validatePunchRequest(request);
        User user = userRepository.findById(userId)
            .orElseThrow(() -> new UserNotFoundException(userId));
            
        Punch punch = new Punch();
        punch.setUser(user);
        punch.setPunchInTime(request.getPunchInTime());
        // Additional logic...
        
        return punchMapper.toDTO(punchRepository.save(punch));
    }
    
    // Additional methods...
}

5. Frontend Implementation

Component Structure

// PunchButton.tsx
interface PunchButtonProps {
    onPunch: () => void;
    isPunchedIn: boolean;
}

const PunchButton: React.FC<PunchButtonProps> = ({ onPunch, isPunchedIn }) => {
    return (
        <Button
            variant="contained"
            color={isPunchedIn ? "secondary" : "primary"}
            onClick={onPunch}
        >
            {isPunchedIn ? "Punch Out" : "Punch In"}
        </Button>
    );
};

API Integration

// punchApi.ts
import axios from 'axios';

const API_BASE_URL = process.env.REACT_APP_API_BASE_URL;

export const punchApi = {
    punchIn: async () => {
        const response = await axios.post(`${API_BASE_URL}/punch/in`, {
            timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
            // Additional data...
        });
        return response.data;
    },
    // Additional methods...
};

6. Deployment Strategy

Docker Configuration

# Backend Dockerfile
FROM openjdk:17-jdk-slim
WORKDIR /app
COPY target/*.jar app.jar
EXPOSE 8080
ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "app.jar"]

# Frontend Dockerfile
FROM node:18-alpine
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm install
COPY . .
RUN npm run build
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["npm", "start"]

Docker Compose

version: '3.8'
services:
  backend:
    build: ./backend
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    environment:
      - SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE=prod
      - DB_URL=${DB_URL}
      - DB_USERNAME=${DB_USERNAME}
      - DB_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD}
    depends_on:
      - db
      
  frontend:
    build: ./frontend
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    environment:
      - REACT_APP_API_URL=http://backend:8080
      
  db:
    image: postgres:14-alpine
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_DB=${DB_NAME}
      - POSTGRES_USER=${DB_USERNAME}
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=${DB_PASSWORD}
    volumes:
      - postgres_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data

volumes:
  postgres_data:

7. Testing Strategy

Backend Testing

• Unit tests for services and utilities
• Integration tests for repositories
• API tests using REST Assured
• Security tests for authentication and authorization

Frontend Testing

• Component tests using React Testing Library
• Redux store tests
• API integration tests
• End-to-end tests using Cypress

Performance Testing

• Load testing with JMeter
• API response time monitoring
• Database query optimization
• Frontend bundle size optimization

8. Monitoring and Maintenance

Monitoring

• Application metrics using Prometheus
• Log aggregation with ELK stack
• Error tracking with Sentry
• API usage monitoring

Maintenance

• Regular security updates
• Database backups
• Log rotation
• Performance optimization

9. Future Enhancements

Potential Features

• Mobile app development
• Integration with payroll systems
• Advanced analytics dashboard
• Biometric authentication
• Shift scheduling module
• Leave management integration

Technical Improvements

• Microservices architecture
• GraphQL API
• Real-time notifications
• Offline support
• Multi-tenant support