Create a Rails Project from Zero

gistfile1.txt

Get RVM and configure it
  New - $ curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
  Existent - $ rvm get stable

  $ rvm requirements
  Mac - $ brew install libyaml
  Linux - $ apt-get install libyaml-dev

  Mac - $ rvm install 2.0.0 --with-openssl-dir=$HOME/.rvm/opt/openssl
  Linux - $ rvm install 2.0.0 --with-openssl-dir=$HOME/.rvm/usr
  
  $ rvm use 2.0.0@PROJECTNAME_rails_4_0 --create --default
  
Freeze the version to prevent conflicts!
  $ gem update --system 2.1.9
  
Creating a gem configuration file
  $ subl ~/.gemrc

Suppressing the ri and rdoc documentation in .gemrc
  install: --no-rdoc --no-ri
  update: --no-rdoc --no-ri

Installing Rails
  $ gem install rails --version 4.0.5

Only for Linux install
  $ sudo apt-get install libxslt-dev libxml2-dev libsqlite3-dev

Create the Project
  $ rails new PROJECTNAME

Edit Gemfile  
  $ cd PROJECTNAME/ 
  $ subl Gemfile

Gemfile content
  source 'https://rubygems.org'
  ruby '2.0.0'
  #ruby-gemset=railstutorial_rails_4_0

  gem 'rails', '4.0.5'
  gem 'pg', '0.15.1'

  gem 'bootstrap-sass', '2.3.2.0'
  gem 'sprockets', '2.11.0'

  gem 'bcrypt-ruby', '3.1.2'

  group :development, :test do
    gem 'rspec-rails', '2.13.1'
    gem 'guard-rspec', '2.5.0'

    gem 'spork-rails', '4.0.0'
    gem 'guard-spork', '1.5.0'
    gem 'childprocess', '0.3.6'
  end

  group :test do
    gem 'selenium-webdriver', '2.35.1'
    gem 'capybara', '2.1.0'

    # Uncomment this line on OS X.
    # gem 'growl', '1.0.3'

    # Uncomment these lines on Linux.
    gem 'libnotify', '0.8.0'

    # Uncomment these lines on Windows.
    # gem 'rb-notifu', '0.0.4'
    # gem 'wdm', '0.1.0'

  end

  gem 'sass-rails', '4.0.1'
  gem 'uglifier', '2.1.1'
  gem 'coffee-rails', '4.0.1'
  gem 'jquery-rails', '3.0.4'
  gem 'turbolinks', '1.1.1'
  gem 'jbuilder', '1.0.2'

  group :doc do
    gem 'sdoc', '0.3.20', require: false
  end

  group :production do
    gem 'rails_12factor', '0.0.2'
  end

Installing gems
  $ bundle update
  $ bundle install --without production

Dynamically generating a secret token. config/initializers/secret_token.rb
  # Be sure to restart your server when you modify this file.
  # Your secret key is used for verifying the integrity of signed cookies.
  # If you change this key, all old signed cookies will become invalid!
  # Make sure the secret is at least 30 characters and all random,
  # no regular words or you'll be exposed to dictionary attacks.
  # You can use `rake secret` to generate a secure secret key.
  # Make sure your secret_key_base is kept private
  # if you're sharing your code publicly.
  require 'securerandom'

  def secure_token
    token_file = Rails.root.join('.secret')
    if File.exist?(token_file)
      # Use the existing token.
      File.read(token_file).chomp
    else
      # Generate a new token and store it in token_file.
      token = SecureRandom.hex(64)
      File.write(token_file, token)
      token
    end
  end

  SampleApp::Application.config.secret_key_base = secure_token

Initializing Spork
  $ spork --bootstrap
  
Adding environment loading to the Spork.prefork block. spec/spec_helper.rb
  require 'rubygems'
  require 'spork'

  Spork.prefork do
    ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
    require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)
    require 'rspec/rails'
    require 'rspec/autorun'

    # Requires supporting ruby files with custom matchers and macros, etc,
    # in spec/support/ and its subdirectories.
    Dir[Rails.root.join("spec/support/**/*.rb")].each {|f| require f}

    # Checks for pending migrations before tests are run.
    # If you are not using ActiveRecord, you can remove this line.
    ActiveRecord::Migration.check_pending! if defined?(ActiveRecord::Migration)

    RSpec.configure do |config|
      # ## Mock Framework
      #
      # If you prefer to use mocha, flexmock or RR, uncomment the appropriate line:
      #
      # config.mock_with :mocha
      # config.mock_with :flexmock
      # config.mock_with :rr

      # Remove this line if you're not using ActiveRecord or ActiveRecord fixtures
      config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"

      # If you're not using ActiveRecord, or you'd prefer not to run each of your
      # examples within a transaction, remove the following line or assign false
      # instead of true.
      config.use_transactional_fixtures = true

      # If true, the base class of anonymous controllers will be inferred
      # automatically. This will be the default behavior in future versions of
      # rspec-rails.
      config.infer_base_class_for_anonymous_controllers = false

      # Run specs in random order to surface order dependencies. If you find an
      # order dependency and want to debug it, you can fix the order by providing
      # the seed, which is printed after each run.
      # --seed 1234
      config.order = "random"
      config.include Capybara::DSL
    end
  end

  Spork.each_run do
    # This code will be run each time you run your specs.
  end

Configuring RSpec to automatically use Spork. .rspec
  --colour
  --drb

Initializing Guard
  $ guard init spork

Edit Guardfile for Spork
  require 'active_support/inflector'

  guard 'spork', :cucumber_env => { 'RAILS_ENV' => 'test' },
                 :rspec_env => { 'RAILS_ENV' => 'test' } do
    watch('config/application.rb')
    watch('config/environment.rb')
    watch('config/environments/test.rb')
    watch(%r{^config/initializers/.+\.rb$})
    watch('Gemfile')
    watch('Gemfile.lock')
    watch('spec/spec_helper.rb') { :rspec }
    watch('test/test_helper.rb') { :test_unit }
    watch(%r{features/support/}) { :cucumber }
  end

  guard 'rspec', all_after_pass: false, cli: '--drb' do
    .
    .
    .
    watch('config/routes.rb')
      # Custom Rails Tutorial specs

    watch(%r{^app/controllers/(.+)_(controller)\.rb$}) do |m|
      ["spec/routing/#{m[1]}_routing_spec.rb",
       "spec/#{m[2]}s/#{m[1]}_#{m[2]}_spec.rb",
       "spec/acceptance/#{m[1]}_spec.rb",
      (m[1][/_pages/] ? "spec/requests/#{m[1]}_spec.rb" :
                        "spec/requests/#{m[1].singularize}_pages_spec.rb")]
    end

    watch(%r{^app/views/(.+)/}) do |m|
      (m[1][/_pages/] ? "spec/requests/#{m[1]}_spec.rb" :
                        "spec/requests/#{m[1].singularize}_pages_spec.rb")
    end

    watch(%r{^app/controllers/sessions_controller\.rb$}) do |m|
      "spec/requests/authentication_pages_spec.rb"
    end
    .
    .
    .
  end  

Start Guard
  $ guard

Adding a line for asset pipeline compatibility. config/application.rb
  require File.expand_path('../boot', __FILE__) .
  .
  .
  module SampleApp
    class Application < Rails::Application
    .
    .
    .
    config.assets.precompile += %w(*.png *.jpg *.jpeg *.gif)
    end 
  end

Adding custom CSS
  $ subl app/assets/stylesheets/custom.css.scss

custom.css.scss content
  @import "bootstrap";

  /* mixins, variables, etc. */

  $grayMediumLight: #eaeaea;

  @mixin box_sizing {
    -moz-box-sizing: border-box;
    -webkit-box-sizing: border-box;
    box-sizing: border-box;
  }

  /* universal */

  html {
    overflow-y: scroll;
  }

  body {
    padding-top: 60px;
  }

  section {
    overflow: auto;
  }

  textarea {
    resize: vertical;
  }

  .center {
    text-align: center;
    h1 {
      margin-bottom: 10px;
    }
  }

  /* typography */

  h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    line-height: 1;
  }

  h1 {
    font-size: 3em;
    letter-spacing: -2px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    text-align: center;
  }

  h2 {
    font-size: 1.2em;
    letter-spacing: -1px;
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: normal;
    color: $grayLight;
  }

  p {
    font-size: 1.1em;
    line-height: 1.7em;
  }


  /* header */

  #logo {
    float: left;
    margin-right: 10px;
    font-size: 1.7em;
    color: white;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: -1px;
    padding-top: 9px;
    font-weight: bold;
    line-height: 1;
    &:hover {
      color: white;
      text-decoration: none;
    }
  }

  /* footer */

  footer {
    margin-top: 45px;
    padding-top: 5px;
    border-top: 1px solid $grayMediumLight;
    color: $grayLight;
    a {
      color: $gray;
      &:hover {
        color: $grayDarker;
      }
    }
    small {
      float: left;
    }
    ul {
      float: right;
      list-style: none;
      li {
        float: left;
        margin-left: 10px;
      }
    }
  }

  /* miscellaneous */

  .debug_dump {
    clear: both;
    float: left;
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: 45px;
    @include box_sizing;
  }

Add page title helper in app/helpers/application_helper.rb
  def full_title(page_title)
    base_title = "PROJECTNAME"
    if page_title.empty?
      base_title
    else
      "#{base_title} | #{page_title}"
    end
  end

Default view/layout/application.html.erb
  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html>
    <head>
      <title><%= full_title(yield(:title)) %></title>
      <%= stylesheet_link_tag "application", media: "all",
                                             "data-turbolinks-track" => true %>
      <%= javascript_include_tag "application", "data-turbolinks-track" => true %>
      <%= csrf_meta_tags %>
      <%= render 'layouts/shim' %>
    </head>
    <body>
      <%= render 'layouts/header' %>
      <div class="container">
        <%= yield %>
        <%= render 'layouts/footer' %>
        <%= debug(params) if Rails.env.development? %>
      </div>
    </body>
  </html>

Default view/layout/_footer.html.erb
  <footer class="footer">
    <small>
      <a href="http://PROJECTNAME/">PROJECTNAME</a>
      by Company
    </small>
    <nav>
      <ul>
        <li><%= link_to "About",   about_path %></li>
        <li><%= link_to "Contact", contact_path %></li>
      </ul>
    </nav>
  </footer>

Default view/layout/_header.html.erb
  <header class="navbar navbar-fixed-top navbar-inverse">
    <div class="navbar-inner">
      <div class="container">
        <%= link_to "PROJECTNAME", '#', id: "logo" %>
        <nav>
          <ul class="nav pull-right">
            <li><%= link_to "Home",    root_path %></li>
            <li><%= link_to "Help",    help_path %></li>
            <li><%= link_to "Sign in", '#' %></li>
          </ul>
        </nav>
      </div>
    </div>
  </header>

Default view/layout/_shim.html.erb
  <!--[if lt IE 9]>
  <script src="http://html5shim.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script>
  <![endif]-->

First time using Git
  $ git config --global user.name "Your Name"
  $ git config --global user.email [email protected]
  $ git config --global alias.co checkout
  $ git config --global core.editor "subl -w"
  
First time repository
  $ git init
  
Edit .gitignore
  $ subl -w ~/.gitignore

.gitignore content
  # Ignore bundler config.
  /.bundle
  
  # Ignore the default SQLite database.
  /db/*.sqlite3
  /db/*.sqlite3-journal
  
  # Ignore all logfiles and tempfiles.
  /log/*.log
  /tmp
  
  # Ignore other unneeded files.
  database.yml
  doc/
  *.swp
  *~
  .project
  .DS_Store
  .idea
  .secret
  
Automated tests with Guard
  
  
Add all files to Git
  $ git add .

Commit
  $ git commit -m "Initialize repository"

Rollback
  $ git checkout -f

Configuring Github
  http://github.com/new
  
After configuration, add remote repo and push files
  $ git remote add origin https://github.com/USER/PROJECTNAME.git
  $ git push -u origin master

Create a new branch
  $ git checkout -b branch-NAME
  
After changes, add files and commit into new branch
  $ git add .
  $ git commit -m "Impoves into new branch"

Merge into master branch
  $ git checkout master
  $ git merge branch-NAME
  
Remove new branch
  $ git branch -d branch-NAME
  
Push to GitHub
  $ git push
  
Deploy to Heroku
  $ heroku login
  $ heroku create
  $ git push heroku master

Rename Heroku to project name
  $ heroku rename PROJECTNAME

Check Heroku Logs
  $ heroku logs
  
Heroku commands
  http://devcenter.heroku.com/heroku-command
  
------------------------------------------------

Project using Scaffold
  $ rails generate scaffold User name:string email:string
  $ rake db:migrate
  
  $ rails s
  
Project not using Scaffold
  $ rails generate controller StaticPages home help --no-test-framework
  
Generate tests
  $ rails generate integration_test static_pages
  
Code to test the contents of the Home page. spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb
  require 'spec_helper'

  describe "Static pages" do
    describe "Home page" do
      it "should have the content 'Sample App'" do
        visit '/static_pages/home'
        expect(page).to have_content('Sample App')
      end
    end
  end

Run test
  rspec spec