Vim Keyboard configurations to map Caps as Esc when tapped, ctrl when held. macOS uses custom-capslock.json with Karabiner Elements, and Linux uses keyboard.conf with keyd.

custom-capslock.json

{
  "title": "Change caps_lock to Esc and Control",
  "rules": [
	{
	  "description": "Post Esc if Caps is tapped, Control if held.",
	  "manipulators": [
        {
    "type": "basic",
    "from": {
        "key_code": "left_control",
        "modifiers": {
            "optional": [
                "any"
            ]
        }
    },
    "to": [
        {
            "key_code": "left_control",
            "lazy": true
        }
    ],
    "to_if_alone": [
        {
            "key_code": "escape"
        }
    ]
}
	  ]
	}
  ]
}

keyboard.conf

[ids]

*

[main]

# Maps capslock to escape when pressed and control when held.
capslock = overload(control, esc)

# Remaps the escape key to capslock
esc = capslock

# Swap Left Alt with Left Ctrl for Compat with MacOS habits
leftalt = layer(control)
leftcontrol = layer(alt)