- L1 cache reference
0.5 ns
- Branch mispredict
5 ns
(on a bad CPU architecture you're pretty much screwed) - L2 cache reference
7 ns
- Mutex lock/unlock
25 ns
- Main memory reference
100 ns
- Compress 1K bytes with Zippy
3,000 ns
- Send 2K bytes over 1 Gbps network
20,000 ns
- Read 1 MB sequentially from memory
250,000 ns
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
// WARNING: Requires C99 compatible compiler | |
#include <unistd.h> | |
#include <stdlib.h> | |
#include "heap.h" | |
#define CMP(a, b) ((a) >= (b)) | |
static const unsigned int base_size = 4; |
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
std::string get_exe_filename() | |
{ | |
char full_path[MAX_PATH]; | |
char drive[MAX_PATH]; | |
char dir[MAX_PATH]; | |
char filename[MAX_PATH]; | |
char ext[MAX_PATH]; | |
char exe_filename[MAX_PATH]; |
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Kernel Flags: | |
PROC_THREAD : Process and Thread create/delete | |
LOADER : Kernel and user mode Image Load/Unload events | |
PROFILE : CPU Sample profile | |
CSWITCH : Context Switch | |
COMPACT_CSWITCH: Compact Context Switch | |
DISPATCHER : CPU Scheduler | |
DPC : DPC Events | |
INTERRUPT : Interrupt events | |
SYSCALL : System calls |
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
# INSTALL INSTRUCTIONS: save as ~/.gdbinit | |
# | |
# DESCRIPTION: A user-friendly gdb configuration file. | |
# | |
# REVISION : 7.3 (16/04/2010) | |
# | |
# CONTRIBUTORS: mammon_, elaine, pusillus, mong, zhang le, l0kit, | |
# truthix the cyberpunk, fG!, gln | |
# | |
# FEEDBACK: https://www.reverse-engineering.net |
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
// Hash map class template | |
template <typename K, typename V, typename F = KeyHash<K>> | |
class HashMap { | |
public: | |
HashMap() { | |
// construct zero initialized hash table of size | |
table = new HashNode<K, V> *[TABLE_SIZE](); | |
} | |
~HashMap() { |
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Latency Comparison Numbers (~2012) | |
---------------------------------- | |
L1 cache reference 0.5 ns | |
Branch mispredict 5 ns | |
L2 cache reference 7 ns 14x L1 cache | |
Mutex lock/unlock 25 ns | |
Main memory reference 100 ns 20x L2 cache, 200x L1 cache | |
Compress 1K bytes with Zippy 3,000 ns 3 us | |
Send 1K bytes over 1 Gbps network 10,000 ns 10 us | |
Read 4K randomly from SSD* 150,000 ns 150 us ~1GB/sec SSD |
L1 cache reference ......................... 0.5 ns
Branch mispredict ............................ 5 ns
L2 cache reference ........................... 7 ns
Mutex lock/unlock ........................... 25 ns
Main memory reference ...................... 100 ns
Compress 1K bytes with Zippy ............. 3,000 ns = 3 µs
Send 2K bytes over 1 Gbps network ....... 20,000 ns = 20 µs
SSD random read ........................ 150,000 ns = 150 µs
Read 1 MB sequentially from memory ..... 250,000 ns = 250 µs
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
L1 cache reference 0.5 ns | |
Branch mispredict 5 ns | |
L2 cache reference 7 ns 14x L1 cache | |
Mutex lock/unlock 25 ns | |
Main memory reference 100 ns 4x mutex op, 20x L2 cache, 200x L1 cache | |
Compress 1K bytes with Zippy 3,000 ns | |
Send 2K bytes over 1 Gbps network 20,000 ns | |
Read 1 MB sequentially from memory 250,000 ns |
This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
L1 cache reference 0.5 ns | |
Branch mispredict 5 ns | |
L2 cache reference 7 ns 14x L1 cache | |
Mutex lock/unlock 25 ns | |
Main memory reference 100 ns 20x L2 cache, 200x L1 cache | |
Compress 1K bytes with Zippy 3,000 ns | |
Send 1K bytes over 1 Gbps network 10,000 ns 0.01 ms | |
Read 1 MB sequentially from memory 250,000 ns 0.25 ms | |
Round trip within same datacenter 500,000 ns 0.5 ms | |
Read 1 MB sequentially from SSD 1,000,000 ns 1 ms 4X memory |
OlderNewer