Словарь

1.8.1.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Определение
"""

d = {"A":"a", "B":"b"}     
print d 

print d["A"]

print d["B"]      

1.8.10.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Составные типы данных
"""

mel = {'name': 'Mark',
        'jobs': ['trainer', 'writer'],
        'web':  'www.rmi.net/~lutz',
        'home': {'state': 'CO', 'zip':80501}}

print mel['name']

print mel['jobs']

print mel['jobs'][1]

print mel['home']['zip']

1.8.2.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Индексы и операции со словарём
"""

# Dictionaries are indexed by keys, which can be any immutable type; 
# strings and numbers can always be keys. 

# Tuples can be used as keys if they contain only strings, numbers, or tuples; 
# if a tuple contains any mutable object either directly or indirectly, 
# it cannot be used as a key. 

# You can't use lists as keys, since lists can be modified.

# a dictionary is an unordered set of key: value pairs, with the requirement that the 
# keys are unique (within one dictionary). 

tel = {'jack': 4098, 'sape': 4139}
tel['guido'] = 4127
print tel

print tel['jack']

del tel['sape']
tel['irv'] = 4127
print tel

tel.keys()

print tel.has_key('guido')

print 'guido' in tel

1.8.3.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Конструирование словаря из списков
"""

# dict() constructor builds dictionaries directly from lists of key-value pairs stored 
# as tuples. 

print dict([('sape', 4139), ('guido', 4127), ('jack', 4098)])

print dict([(x, x**2) for x in (2, 4, 6)])     # use a list comprehension

# When the keys are simple strings, it is sometimes easier to specify pairs using 
# keyword arguments:

print dict(sape=4139, guido=4127, jack=4098)

1.8.4.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Доступ к элементам словаря
"""

params = {"server":"mpilgrim", "database":"master", "uid":"sa", "pwd":"secret"} 
print params.keys()

print params.values()

print params.items()

1.8.5.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Поиск ключа
"""

d2 = {'spam': 2, 'ham': 1, 'eggs': 3}    # make a dictionary

print d2                                       # order is scrambled

print d2.has_key('ham')          # key membership test (1 means true)

1.8.6.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Получение значения
"""

d2 = {'spam': 2, 'ham': 1, 'eggs': 3}    # make a dictionary
print d2['spam']                               # fetch value by key

1.8.7.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Изменение, добавление и удаление значений
"""

d2 = {'spam': 2, 'ham': 1, 'eggs': 3}    # make a dictionary

print d2                                       # order is scrambled

d2['ham'] = ['grill', 'bake', 'fry']      # change entry

del d2['eggs']                            # delete entry

d2['brunch'] = 'Bacon'                    # add new entry

print d2

1.8.8.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Копирование словаря
"""

x = {'username': 'admin', 'machines': ['foo', 'bar', 'baz']}
y = x.copy()
y['username'] = 'mlh'
y['machines'].remove('bar')
print y

print x

1.8.9.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Вывод значений словаря
"""

print "%(n)d %(x)s" % {"n":1, "x":"spam"}