Полезные утилиты

4.1.1.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Поверхностное и глубокое копирование
"""
import copy

listOne = [{"name": "Willie", "city": "Providence, RI"}, 1, "tomato", 3.0]

listTwo = listOne[:]                   
listTwo=copy.copy(listOne)
listThree = copy.deepcopy(listOne)

listOne.append("kid")
listOne[0]["city"] = "San Francisco, CA" 

print listOne
print listTwo
print listThree

4.1.2.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Интервалы времени
"""
from datetime import timedelta

year = timedelta(days=365)
another_year = timedelta(weeks=40, days=84, hours=23, minutes=50, seconds=600)  # adds up to 365 days
year == another_year

ten_years = 10 * year
ten_years, ten_years.days // 365
nine_years = ten_years - year
nine_years, nine_years.days // 365
three_years = nine_years // 3;
three_years, three_years.days // 365
abs(three_years - ten_years) == 2 * three_years + year

4.1.3.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Текущее время
"""
import time
from datetime import date

today = date.today()
today
datetime.date(2007, 12, 5)
today == date.fromtimestamp(time.time())

my_birthday = date(today.year, 6, 24)
if my_birthday < today:
    my_birthday = my_birthday.replace(year=today.year + 1)
my_birthday
datetime.date(2008, 6, 24)
time_to_birthday = abs(my_birthday - today)
time_to_birthday.days

4.1.4.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Календарь
"""
import calendar

month = 3
year  = 2010

monthMatrix = calendar.monthcalendar(year, month)

# print out the heading
print "%s %d\n" % (calendar.month_name[month], year)

# print out each day in hex; if the day = 0, then leave it blank
for week in monthMatrix:
    for day in week:
        if day == 0:
        print "  ",
    else:
        print "%2s" % (hex(day)[2:]), 
    print

4.1.5.py

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Псевдослучайные числа
"""
import random

random.random()        # Random float x, 0.0 <= x < 1.0
random.uniform(1, 10)  # Random float x, 1.0 <= x < 10.0

random.randint(1, 10)  # Integer from 1 to 10, endpoints included

random.randrange(0, 101, 2)  # Even integer from 0 to 100

random.choice('abcdefghij')  # Choose a random element

items = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
random.shuffle(items)
print items

random.sample([1, 2, 3, 4, 5],  3)  # Choose 3 elements