test.rb

class A
  CONST = [1,2,3]

  def call_it
    CONST
  end

  def call_it2
    self.class::CONST
  end
end

class B < A
  CONST = [0,1]
end

puts A::CONST.to_s #=> [1, 2, 3]
puts B::CONST.to_s #=> [0, 1]

puts A.new.call_it.to_s #=> [1, 2, 3]
puts B.new.call_it.to_s #=> [1, 2, 3]

puts A.new.call_it2.to_s #=> [1, 2, 3]
puts B.new.call_it2.to_s #=> [0, 1]