How to use bcrypt in PHP to safely store passwords (PHP 5.3+ only)

bcrypt.php

<?php

// secure hashing of passwords using bcrypt, needs PHP 5.3+
// see http://codahale.com/how-to-safely-store-a-password/

// salt for bcrypt needs to be 22 base64 characters (but just [./0-9A-Za-z]), see http://php.net/crypt
$salt = substr(strtr(base64_encode(openssl_random_pseudo_bytes(22)), '+', '.'), 0, 22);

// 2y is the bcrypt algorithm selector, see http://php.net/crypt
// 12 is the workload factor (around 300ms on my Core i7 machine), see http://php.net/crypt
$hash = crypt('foo', '$2y$12$' . $salt);

// we can now use the generated hash as the argument to crypt(), since it too will contain $2y$12$... with a variation of the hash. No need to store the salt anymore, just the hash is enough!
var_dump($hash == crypt('foo', $hash)); // true
var_dump($hash == crypt('bar', $hash)); // false

?>

Please, read this, is very important to understand about secure and insecure salt techniques: https://crackstation.net/hashing-security.htm#phpsourcecode

Here, as you can see, PHP 5.5 has implemented the PBKDF2 noticed by Crackstation:
http://php.net/manual/pt_BR/function.hash-pbkdf2.php.

If you are using PHP 5.5+ use @charleshross tip.

From manuals (http://php.net/password_hash):
"The salt option has been deprecated as of PHP 7.0.0. It is now preferred to simply use the salt that is generated by default."

It because, password_hash() with PASSWORD_DEFAULT uses strong techniques to generate the salt behind the scenes.

Regards.