How to chain exceptions in Python

raise_chain.py

# Thing that creates exceptions
def r(n):
    raise Exception(f"error: {n}")


# Add exceptions to a list
errors = []
for n in range(10):
    try:
        r(n)
    except Exception as e:
        errors.append(e)

# Re-raise them as a chain
def handle(errors):
    if errors:
        head, *tail = errors
        if tail:
            try:
                handle(tail)
            except Exception as e:
                raise head from e
        else:
            raise head

handle(errors)