create_windows_usb_pendrive_from_macos.sh

#!/bin/bash

set -e  # Exit on any error

# Colors for output
RED='\033[0;31m'
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
BLUE='\033[0;34m'
NC='\033[0m' # No Color

# Function to print colored output
print_info() { echo -e "${BLUE}[INFO]${NC} $1"; }
print_success() { echo -e "${GREEN}[SUCCESS]${NC} $1"; }
print_warning() { echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARNING]${NC} $1"; }
print_error() { echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $1"; }

# Check if running as root
if [[ $EUID -eq 0 ]]; then
   print_error "This script should not be run as root"
   exit 1
fi

# Check if wimlib is installed
if ! command -v wimlib-imagex &> /dev/null; then
    print_error "wimlib is not installed. Install it with: brew install wimlib"
    exit 1
fi

# Set ISO path
ISO_PATH="$HOME/Downloads/Win11_24H2_French_x64.iso"

# Check if ISO exists
if [[ ! -f "$ISO_PATH" ]]; then
    print_error "ISO file not found at: $ISO_PATH"
    exit 1
fi

print_info "Windows USB Creator Script"
print_info "ISO file: $ISO_PATH"
echo

# List available disks
print_info "Available disks:"
diskutil list | grep -E "^/dev/disk[0-9]+ \(external"
echo

# Ask user to select USB drive
while true; do
    read -p "Enter the disk identifier for your USB drive (e.g., disk2): " DISK_ID
    
    # Validate input
    if [[ ! "$DISK_ID" =~ ^disk[0-9]+$ ]]; then
        print_error "Invalid disk identifier format. Use format like 'disk2'"
        continue
    fi
    
    # Check if disk exists and is external
    if ! diskutil info "$DISK_ID" &>/dev/null; then
        print_error "Disk $DISK_ID not found"
        continue
    fi
    
    # Get disk info
    DISK_INFO=$(diskutil info "$DISK_ID")
    if ! echo "$DISK_INFO" | grep -q "Location.*External"; then
        print_warning "Disk $DISK_ID doesn't appear to be external"
        read -p "Are you sure you want to continue? (y/N): " confirm
        if [[ ! "$confirm" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
            continue
        fi
    fi
    
    # Show disk info and confirm
    DISK_SIZE=$(echo "$DISK_INFO" | grep "Disk Size" | head -1)
    DISK_NAME=$(echo "$DISK_INFO" | grep "Volume Name" | head -1 || echo "Volume Name: (Unknown)")
    
    echo
    print_info "Selected disk: /dev/$DISK_ID"
    print_info "$DISK_SIZE"
    print_info "$DISK_NAME"
    print_warning "ALL DATA ON THIS DISK WILL BE ERASED!"
    echo
    
    read -p "Confirm you want to format /dev/$DISK_ID? (y/N): " confirm
    if [[ "$confirm" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
        break
    fi
done

# Mount the ISO
print_info "Mounting ISO file..."
ISO_MOUNT=$(hdiutil mount "$ISO_PATH" | grep -o '/Volumes/.*$' | tail -1)

if [[ -z "$ISO_MOUNT" ]]; then
    print_error "Failed to mount ISO"
    exit 1
fi

print_success "ISO mounted at: $ISO_MOUNT"

# Try to infer the mounted ISO volume name
ISO_VOLUMES=$(ls /Volumes/ | grep -E "(WIN|WINDOWS|ESD-ISO|CCCOMA_X64FRE)" | head -5)
ISO_VOLUME_COUNT=$(echo "$ISO_VOLUMES" | wc -l | xargs)

if [[ "$ISO_VOLUME_COUNT" -eq 1 ]] && [[ -n "$ISO_VOLUMES" ]]; then
    ISO_MOUNT="/Volumes/$ISO_VOLUMES"
    print_info "Auto-detected ISO mount: $ISO_MOUNT"
else
    print_info "Multiple or unclear ISO volumes detected:"
    ls /Volumes/ | grep -v "^Macintosh HD"
    echo
    read -p "Enter the exact volume name from /Volumes/: " ISO_VOL_NAME
    ISO_MOUNT="/Volumes/$ISO_VOL_NAME"
fi

# Verify the ISO mount contains Windows files
if [[ ! -d "$ISO_MOUNT/sources" ]] || [[ ! -f "$ISO_MOUNT/sources/install.wim" ]]; then
    print_error "Invalid Windows ISO: missing sources/install.wim"
    hdiutil unmount "$ISO_MOUNT" 2>/dev/null || true
    exit 1
fi

# Format the USB drive
print_info "Formatting USB drive as ExFAT..."
if ! diskutil eraseDisk ExFAT "WINDOWS11" MBR "$DISK_ID"; then
    print_error "Failed to format USB drive"
    hdiutil unmount "$ISO_MOUNT" 2>/dev/null || true
    exit 1
fi

print_success "USB drive formatted successfully"

# Wait a moment for the system to recognize the new filesystem
sleep 2

# Mount the USB drive
USB_MOUNT="/Volumes/WINDOWS11"
if [[ ! -d "$USB_MOUNT" ]]; then
    print_info "Mounting USB drive..."
    diskutil mount "${DISK_ID}s1"
    sleep 1
fi

if [[ ! -d "$USB_MOUNT" ]]; then
    print_error "Failed to mount USB drive at $USB_MOUNT"
    hdiutil unmount "$ISO_MOUNT" 2>/dev/null || true
    exit 1
fi

# Copy files from ISO to USB
print_info "Copying files from ISO to USB drive..."
print_info "This may take several minutes..."

# Use rsync with progress
if ! rsync -av --progress "$ISO_MOUNT/" "$USB_MOUNT/"; then
    print_error "Failed to copy files to USB drive"
    hdiutil unmount "$ISO_MOUNT" 2>/dev/null || true
    diskutil unmount "$USB_MOUNT" 2>/dev/null || true
    exit 1
fi

print_success "Files copied successfully"

# Sync to ensure all data is written
print_info "Syncing data to disk..."
sync

# Cleanup
print_info "Cleaning up..."
hdiutil unmount "$ISO_MOUNT" 2>/dev/null || true

# Eject USB drive
print_info "Ejecting USB drive..."
diskutil eject "$DISK_ID"

print_success "Windows 11 USB drive created successfully!"
print_success "You can now safely remove the USB drive and use it to install Windows."

echo
print_info "Boot the target computer from this USB drive to start Windows installation."