to_columns.R

library(tidyverse)

data <- tribble(
  ~id, ~rater1, ~rater2, ~rater3, ~rater4, ~rater5,
  901,7,9,9,9,2,
  902,9,9,9,9,9,
  903,9,9,9,9,9,
  "age",21,39,38,33,21,
  "gender",1,2,2,2,2,
  "language",1,2,1,1,1
)

new_data <- data %>%
  select(contains("rater")) %>%
  transpose() %>%
  map(~as.double(.x)) %>%
  set_names(data$id) %>%
  map_dfc(~.x)
new_data
#> # A tibble: 5 x 6
#>   `901` `902` `903`   age gender language
#>   <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>  <dbl>    <dbl>
#> 1     7     9     9    21      1        1
#> 2     9     9     9    39      2        2
#> 3     9     9     9    38      2        1
#> 4     9     9     9    33      2        1
#> 5     2     9     9    21      2        1