Script sample to learn luau

anonymous_functions.lua

local sayHello = function ()
  print("Say something")
end

print (sayHello())

print((function ()
  print('gosh')
end
)() )

local result = (function (a: number, b: number) 
  return a + b
end
)(5, 3)

print(result)


-- [[

Hola soy Eduardo
Evento manual: Saludo
Eduardo
Say something
gosh
8
-- ]]

classic-iteration.lua

local names: {string} = {'Eduardo', 'Amy', 'Ale'}

print (names[1])
for i = 1, #names do
    print(i, names[i])
end

--[[
Eduardo
1 Eduardo
2 Amy
3 Ale
]]

conditionals.lua

local age = 20
local hasID = true

if age >= 18 and hasID then
    print("Puede entrar")
else
    print("No puede entrar")
end
-- Puede entrar --

dot-and-collon.luau

type Person = {
	name: string,
	move: (self: Person, distance: number) -> (),
    jump: (self: Person, distance: number) -> (),
    swim: (distance: number) -> (),
    dance: (self: Person, distance: number) -> ()
}

local Person = {}
Person.__index = Person

function Person.new(name: string): Person
	local self = setmetatable({}, Person) :: Person
	self.name = name
	return self
end

-- method --
-- which can or the same as Person.move(self: Person, distance: number)
function Person:move(distance: number)
	print(self.name, " moved ", distance)
end

-- method --
-- which can or the same as Person.jump(self: Person, distance: number)
function Person:jump(distance: number)
    print(self.name, "jumped", distance)
end

-- a function --
function Person.swim(distance: number)
    print('Swimmed', distance)
end

-- a function that expects self manually --
function Person.dance(self: Person, distance: number)
    print(self.name, "danced", distance)
end

local person = Person.new("Eduardo")

person:move(10)
person.move(person, 10)
person:jump(20)
person.swim(30)
person.swim(30)
person:dance(50)

--[[
Eduardo moved 10
Eduardo moved 10
Eduardo jumped 20
Swimmed 30
Swimmed 30
Eduardo danced 50
--]]

foreach.lua

-- In luau arrays [] are with {} omg --
local names: {string} = {'Eduardo', 'Amy', 'Ale'}

print (names)
print (names[1])
-- In luau arrays start with index 1 so this prints Eduardo --
for index, value in ipairs(names) do
  print (index, value)
end

--[[
Running main.luau...
{
  "Eduardo",
  "Amy",
  "Ale",
}
Eduardo
1 Eduardo
2 Amy
3 Ale
]]

objects.lua

type Person = {
  name: string,
  age: number,
  greet: (self: Person) -> ()
}

local Person = {}
Person.__index = Person

function Person.new(name: string, age: number): Person
  local self: Person = setmetatable({}, Person) :: Person
  self.name = name
  self.age = age
  return self
end

function Person.greet(self: Person)
  print ('Hola soy ' .. self.name)
end


local person = Person.new('Eduardo', 34)
person:greet()

-- Hola soy Eduardo --

pairs-ipairs.luau

local t = {"Eduardo", "Amy"}
t.role = "dev"

print("ipairs:")
for i, v in ipairs(t) do
    print(i, v)
end

print("pairs:")
for k, v in pairs(t) do
    print(k, v)
end

--[[
ipairs:
1 Eduardo
2 Amy
pairs:
1 Eduardo
2 Amy
role dev
--]]

person-event.luau

type Listener<T...> = (T...) -> ()

type Signal<T...> = {
	listeners: {Listener<T...>},
	Connect: (self: Signal<T...>, callback: Listener<T...>) -> (),
	Fire: (self: Signal<T...>, T...) -> ()
}

local Signal = {}
Signal.__index = Signal

function Signal.new<T...>(): Signal<T...>
	local self = setmetatable({}, Signal)
	self.listeners = {}
	return self :: any
end

function Signal.Connect<T...>(self: Signal<T...>, callback: Listener<T...>)
	table.insert(self.listeners, callback)
end

function Signal.Fire<T...>(self: Signal<T...>, ...)
	for _, callback in ipairs(self.listeners) do
		callback(...)
	end
end

type Person = {
	name: string,
	age: number,
	Greeted: Signal<Person>,
	greet: (self: Person) -> ()
}

local Person = {}
Person.__index = Person

function Person.new(name: string, age: number): Person
	local self = setmetatable({}, Person) :: any
	self.name = name
	self.age = age
	self.Greeted = Signal.new()
	return self
end

function Person.greet(self: Person)
	print("Hola soy " .. self.name)
	self.Greeted:Fire(self)
end

local person = Person.new("Eduardo", 34)

print(person.age)
print(person.Greeted)
person.Greeted:Connect(function(p)
	print("Se disparó el evento para", p.name)
end)

local anonymous_function = function (person: Person)
	print("Se disparó el evento para", person.name)
end
person.Greeted.Connect(person.Greeted, anonymous_function)
person:greet()


--[[ 
34
{
  listeners = {},
}
Hola soy Eduardo
Se disparó el evento para Eduardo
Se disparó el evento para Eduardo
--]]

script-sample.lua

local firstname: string = 'Eduardo'
print (firstname)
-- Eduardo --

local function sayHello(name: string): string
  return 'Hello world' .. name
end

print(sayHello(firstname))

-- Hello world Eduardo --

table-insert.luau

local t = {}
table.insert(t, 10)
table.insert(t, 20)
print(t)
print(#t)
t[#t +1] = 30
print(t[#t])

--[[
Running main.luau...
{
  10,
  20,
}
2
30
--]]

types.lua

type Names = {string}
local names: Names = {'Axel', 'Amy', 'Ambar'}

print(names[1])
for _, name in ipairs(names) do
  print(name)
end

--[[ 
Axel
Axel
Amy
Ambar
--]]

types2.lua

type Person = {
  name: string,
  age: number
}

local person: Person = {
  name = "Eduardo",
  age = 34
}

print (person.name)

-- Eduardo --