Docker Hub 镜像测速脚本

docker-mirror-speedtest.md

Docer Registry HTTP v2 API 需要使用 Bearer Token 才能访问，大大增加了访问难度，像 chsrc 这样的静态链接测速工具难以对 DockerHub 测速。

不测速就不知道各个镜像的质量，实际上很多网络上的镜像站点都是通过 Cloudflare Worker 搭建的。 我想要知道真实的下载速度，所以有了这个脚本。

• 大部分逻辑来自 enihsyou/docker-mirror-hammal 和 Claude 3.5 Sonnet + Gemini 2.5 Pro
• Bash 版本兼容于 Linux/macOS，Powershell 版本兼容于 Windows + Powershell 7
• 镜像列表来自互联网，感谢发布者
• 本代码以 MIT 协议发布

使用方法

Linux / macOS (Bash)

用以下命令一键执行：

bash <(curl -sL "https://gist.githubusercontent.com/enihsyou/dafa9fca2e0db2623ecf7db500842b87/raw/docker-mirror-speedtest.sh")

Windows (Powershell)

用以下命令一键执行：

irm "https://gist.githubusercontent.com/enihsyou/dafa9fca2e0db2623ecf7db500842b87/raw/docker-mirror-speedtest.ps1" | iex

自定义目标主机

./docker-mirror-speedtest.sh hub2.nat.tf hub1.nat.tf --verbose

.\docker-mirror-speedtest.ps1 hub2.nat.tf -Verbose

示例输出

$ .\scripts\speed-test.ps1
🚀 开始 Docker 镜像站测速...
❌ [docker.1panel.live] 测速异常: 无法获取认证信息 (403 Forbidden)
❌ [docker.1panel.top] 测速异常: 无法获取认证信息 (429 Too Many Requests)
🔑 [docker.m.daocloud.io] 需要认证，正在获取token...
📍 [docker.m.daocloud.io] 获取下载地址...
🏃 [docker.m.daocloud.io] 正在测速...
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   513  100   513    0     0   6772      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  6932
100 20.0M  100 20.0M    0     0  21.6M      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 40.4M
📊 [docker.m.daocloud.io] 测速结果: DNS解析时间: 0.016131s 连接时间: 0.030032s 总时间: 0.925078s 下载速度: 22670002B/s
❌ [docker.ketches.cn] 测速异常: 无法获取认证信息 (429 Too Many Requests)
🔑 [docker.1ms.run] 需要认证，正在获取token...
📍 [docker.1ms.run] 获取下载地址...
🏃 [docker.1ms.run] 正在测速...
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 20.0M  100 20.0M    0     0  11.1M      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:-- 11.1M
📊 [docker.1ms.run] 测速结果: DNS解析时间: 0.013340s 连接时间: 0.016066s 总时间: 1.790445s 下载速度: 11713021B/s
🚩 [hub1.nat.tf] 无需认证，直接测速...
🏃 [hub1.nat.tf] 正在测速...
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 41.8M  100 41.8M    0     0  8974k      0  0:00:04  0:00:04 --:--:-- 10.6M
📊 [hub1.nat.tf] 测速结果: DNS解析时间: 0.013273s 连接时间: 0.015449s 总时间: 4.778494s 下载速度: 9189851B/s
🚩 [hub2.nat.tf] 无需认证，直接测速...
🏃 [hub2.nat.tf] 正在测速...
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 41.8M  100 41.8M    0     0  12.3M      0  0:00:03  0:00:03 --:--:-- 12.3M
📊 [hub2.nat.tf] 测速结果: DNS解析时间: 0.009979s 连接时间: 0.013772s 总时间: 3.385906s 下载速度: 12969542B/s
🔑 [hub.rat.dev] 需要认证，正在获取token...
📍 [hub.rat.dev] 获取下载地址...
🏃 [hub.rat.dev] 正在测速...
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100   264  100   264    0     0    197      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:--   197
100 20.0M  100 20.0M    0     0  66379      0  0:05:15  0:05:15 --:--:-- 32764
📊 [hub.rat.dev] 测速结果: DNS解析时间: 0.017731s 连接时间: 0.043667s 总时间: 315.935037s 下载速度: 66379B/s 


═══════════════ 测试总结 ═══════════════

% 基本统计
✓ 成功测试: 5
✗ 失败测试: 3
Σ 总计测试: 8

🏆 速度排名:
🥇 [ 1] hub2.nat.tf                      25.71 MB/s
🥈 [ 2] docker.m.daocloud.io              2.92 MB/s
🥉 [ 3] hub1.nat.tf                       1.64 MB/s
   [ 4] docker.1ms.run                  378.74 KB/s
   [ 5] hub.rat.dev                     345.19 KB/s

❌ 失败详情:
  • docker.1panel.live
    无法获取认证信息 (403 Forbidden)
  • docker.1panel.top
    无法获取认证信息 (429 Too Many Requests)
  • docker.ketches.cn
    无法获取认证信息 (429 Too Many Requests)

Bonus Tip

除了用这个脚本进行测速，还有更简单的办法，就是加上完整前缀直接把镜像拉下来。

docker pull docker.gh-proxy.com/nginx
docker pull docker.gh-proxy.com/library/nginx
docker pull docker.gh-proxy.com/docker.io/library/nginx

docker pull docker.1ms.run/library/python
docker pull ghcr.nju.edu.cn/openfaas/queue-worker
docker pull gcr.linkos.org/kubebuilder/kube-rbac-proxy:v0.13.1

这个方法的好处是简单，并且适配任意镜像站，即便是需要 login 授权的；

但缺点是会写入磁盘，同名镜像会缓存，要记得删除下载的镜像；测速也得靠记时器或者人工感知。

docker-mirror-speedtest.ps1

# 本 Powershell 脚本用于 DockerHub 镜像的测速
# 传入域名列表，自动测速并按速度输出排名
#
# 使用默认配置
# .\docker-mirror-speedtest.ps1
#
# 自定义域名和测试目标
# .\docker-mirror-speedtest.ps1 -Domains @("docker.1ms.run", "hub1.nat.tf")

[CmdletBinding()]
param (
    [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
    [string[]]$Domains = @(
        # list from status monitor sites
        # https://status.anye.xyz/status/docker
        # https://status.1panel.top/status/docker
        "docker.m.daocloud.io",
        "docker.xuanyuan.me",
        "docker.1ms.run",
        "docker.m.ixdev.cn",
        "hub1.nat.tf",
        "hub2.nat.tf",
        "hub.amingg.com",
        "hub.rat.dev",
        "docker.etcd.fun",
        "docker.cattt.net"
    )
)

# 设置输出编码为UTF8，以支持特殊字符
$OutputEncoding = [Console]::OutputEncoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8

$TestTarget = @{
    Path   = "library/nginx" # size: 43,913,652
    Digest = "sha256:8c18fec49d4bdf0813737297228f0afbdc26ed7f8f3fd7e66048114d47d03168"
}

# 定义颜色输出函数
function Write-ColorOutput {
    param ([string]$Text, [string]$Color = "White")
    Write-Host $Text -ForegroundColor $Color
}

function Parse-WwwAuthenticate {
    param (
        [string]$AuthStr,
        [hashtable]$Target
    )
    
    $splits = $AuthStr -split '\s+'
    $bearer = $splits[0]
    if (!$bearer -or $bearer.ToLower() -ne 'bearer') {
        throw "Invalid Www-Authenticate: $AuthStr"
    }
    
    $params = $splits[1..($splits.Length - 1)] -join '' -split ','
    $result = @{}
    foreach ($param in $params) {
        $kvPair = $param -split '=', 2
        if ($kvPair.Length -eq 2) {
            $k = $kvPair[0].Trim()
            $v = $kvPair[1].Trim() -replace '^"|"$', ''
            $result[$k] = $v
        }
    }
    $result["scope"] = "respository:$($Target.Path):pull"
    return $result
}

function Get-DockerToken {
    param (
        [string]$Realm,
        [string]$Service,
        [string]$Scope
    )
    
    $tokenUrl = [System.UriBuilder]$Realm
    $query = [System.Web.HttpUtility]::ParseQueryString('')
    $query['service'] = $Service
    $query['scope'] = $Scope
    $tokenUrl.Query = $query.ToString()
    
    $response = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $tokenUrl.Uri.ToString() -Method Get
    return $response.token
}

# 添加结果收集类
class SpeedTestResult {
    [string]$Domain
    [double]$Speed
    [double]$ConnectTime
    [bool]$Success
    [string]$Error
    
    [string] GetSpeedString() {
        if (-not $this.Success) { return "N/A" }
        $nums = $this.Speed
        $unit = "B/s"
        if ($nums -gt 1024 * 1024) {
            $nums = [double]([math]::Round($nums / (1024 * 1024), 2))
            $unit = "MB/s"
        } elseif ($nums -gt 1024) {
            $nums = [double]([math]::Round($nums / 1024, 2))
            $unit = "KB/s"
        }
        return "$nums $unit"
    }
}

$global:Results = [System.Collections.ArrayList]::new()

function Invoke-CurlCommand {
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory, Position = 0)]
        [string[]]$Args,
        [Parameter(Mandatory, Position = 1)]
        [string]$Url
    )
    
    # 构建完整参数数组
    $fullArgs = $Args + @(
        # as some site like 1panel.live blocks curl user-agent
        "--user-agent", "docker-mirror-speedtest.ps1",
        "$Url"
    )

    # 调试输出完整命令
    Write-Verbose "即将执行: curl $($fullArgs -join ' ')"
    return & curl $fullArgs
}

function Test-RegistrySpeed {
    param (
        [string]$Domain,
        [hashtable]$Target
    )

    $dsize = 41943040 # 40MB
    $skill = 102400   # 100KB/s

    $result = [SpeedTestResult]::new()
    $result.Domain = $Domain
    
    try {
        Write-Verbose "开始测试域名: $Domain"
        $probAuthUrl = "https://$Domain/v2/library/alpine/manifests/latest"
        $downloadUrl = "https://$Domain/v2/$($Target.Path)/blobs/$($Target.Digest)"
        Write-Verbose "测试URL: $downloadUrl"
        
        # 初始请求
        $args = @( "-I", "-L", "--max-time", "8" )
        $response = Invoke-CurlCommand $args $probAuthUrl
        Write-Verbose "收到响应:`n$($response | Out-String)"

        # 检查状态码
        $statusLine = $response | Where-Object { $_ -match "^HTTP/.+ (\d{3}) " } | Select-Object -First 1
        if ($statusLine -match "200") {
            # 直接可访问，无需认证
            Write-ColorOutput "🚩 [$Domain] 无需认证，直接测速..."
            $redirectUrl = $downloadUrl
        } else {
            # 需要认证，解析WWW-Authenticate头
            $authHeader = $response | Where-Object { $_ -match "Www-Authenticate: " } | Select-Object -First 1
            if ($authHeader) {
                Write-ColorOutput "🔑 [$Domain] 需要认证，正在获取token..."
                $authStr = ($authHeader -split ": ")[1]
                Write-Verbose "认证字符串: $authStr"
                
                $auth = Parse-WwwAuthenticate $authStr -Target $Target
                Write-Verbose "解析后的认证信息: $($auth | ConvertTo-Json)"
                
                $token = Get-DockerToken -Realm $auth.realm -Service $auth.service -Scope "repository:$($Target.Path)`:pull"
                Write-Verbose "获取到token: $($token.Substring(0, [Math]::Min(20, $token.Length)))..."
                
                # 使用token获取重定向URL
                Write-ColorOutput "📍 [$Domain] 获取下载地址..."
                $args = @(
                    "-s", "-I", 
                    "-H", "Authorization: Bearer $token", 
                    "-w", "%{redirect_url}",
                    "-o", "nul")
                $redirectUrl = Invoke-CurlCommand $args $downloadUrl
                Write-Verbose "重定向URL: $redirectUrl"
                if ($null -eq $redirectUrl) {
                    throw "资源重定向失败"
                }
            } else {
                $statusLine = $response | Where-Object { $_ -match "^HTTP/.+ (\d{3}.+)" } | ForEach-Object { $Matches.1 }
                if ($statusLine) {
                    throw "无法获取认证信息 ($statusLine)"
                }
                $statusLine = $response | Where-Object { $_ -match "(curl:.+)" } | ForEach-Object { $Matches.1 }
                if ($statusLine) {
                    throw "其他异常 ($statusLine)"
                }
                throw "未知错误: $($response | Out-String)"
            }
        }

        # 进行速度测试
        Write-ColorOutput "🏃 [$Domain] 正在测速..." "Blue"

        $curl_args = @(
            "-L",
            "-w", "DNS解析时间: %{time_namelookup}s 连接时间: %{time_connect}s 总时间: %{time_total}s 下载速度: %{speed_download}B/s ",
            "-o", "nul",
            "--range", "0-$dsize",
            "--max-time", "15",
            "--speed-time", "3",
            "--speed-limit", "$skill"
        )
        if ($token) {
            $curl_args += @("-H", "Authorization: Bearer $token")
        }
        
        $resultOutput = Invoke-CurlCommand $curl_args $redirectUrl
        Write-ColorOutput "📊 [$Domain] 测速结果: $resultOutput"

        $resultOutput -match '连接时间: (?<ctime>\d+\.?\d*)s.+下载速度: (?<speed>\d+\.?\d*)B/s' | Out-Null

        # 解析测速结果
        $result.Speed = $Matches.speed
        $result.ConnectTime = $Matches.ctime
        $result.Success = $true
    } catch {
        $result.Error = $_.Exception.Message
        $result.Success = $false
        Write-ColorOutput "❌ [$Domain] 测速异常: $($result.Error)" "Red"
    }
    
    [void]$global:Results.Add($result)
    return $result
}

function Show-TestSummary {
    $successful = $global:Results | Where-Object { $_.Success }
    $failed = $global:Results | Where-Object { -not $_.Success }
    
    Write-Host "`n`n═══════════════ 测试总结 ═══════════════" -ForegroundColor Magenta
    
    # 统计信息
    Write-Host "✓ 成功测试: $($successful.Count)" -ForegroundColor Green
    Write-Host "✗ 失败测试: $($failed.Count)" -ForegroundColor Red
    Write-Host "Σ 总计测试: $($global:Results.Count)" -ForegroundColor Cyan
    
    # 显示排名
    if ($successful.Count -gt 0) {
        Write-Host "`n🏆 速度排名:" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        $rank = 1
        $successful | Sort-Object Speed -Descending | ForEach-Object {
            $color = switch ($rank) {
                1 { "Yellow" }
                2 { "White" }
                3 { "DarkYellow" }
                default { "Gray" }
            }
            
            $medal = switch ($rank) {
                1 { "🥇" }
                2 { "🥈" }
                3 { "🥉" }
                default { "  " }
            }
            
            Write-Host ("{0} [{1,2}] {2,-30} {3,10}" -f $medal, 
                $rank, 
                "$($_.Domain)", 
                $_.GetSpeedString()) -ForegroundColor $color
            $rank++
        }
    }
    
    # 失败清单
    if ($failed.Count -gt 0) {
        Write-Host "`n❌ 失败详情:" -ForegroundColor Red
        $failed | ForEach-Object {
            Write-Host "  • $($_.Domain)" -ForegroundColor DarkRed
            Write-Host "    $($_.Error)" -ForegroundColor DarkGray
        }
    }
}

# 主程序入口
Write-ColorOutput "🚀 开始 Docker 镜像站测速..." "Cyan"
Write-Verbose "测试域名列表: $($Domains -join ', ')"

try {
    foreach ($domain in $Domains) {
        Test-RegistrySpeed -Domain $domain -Target $TestTarget | Out-Null
    }
} finally {
    # 完成后显示总结
    Show-TestSummary
}

docker-mirror-speedtest.sh

#!/bin/bash
#
# 本 Bash 脚本用于 DockerHub 镜像的测速
# 传入域名列表，自动测速并按速度输出排名
#
# 使用方法:
#   ./docker-mirror-speedtest.sh [选项] [域名1 域名2 ...]
#
# 选项:
#   -v, --verbose    启用详细输出模式
#
# 示例:
#   使用默认配置:
#   ./docker-mirror-speedtest.sh
#
#   启用详细输出并测试指定域名:
#   ./docker-mirror-speedtest.sh --verbose docker.1ms.run hub1.nat.tf
#

# --- 配置 ---

# 默认域名列表
# list from status monitor sites
# https://status.anye.xyz/status/docker
# https://status.1panel.top/status/docker
DEFAULT_DOMAINS=(
    "docker.m.daocloud.io"
    "docker.xuanyuan.me"
    "docker.1ms.run"
    "docker.m.ixdev.cn"
    "hub1.nat.tf"
    "hub2.nat.tf"
    "hub.amingg.com"
    "hub.rat.dev"
    "docker.etcd.fun"
    "docker.cattt.net"
)

# 测试目标
TEST_TARGET_PATH="library/nginx"
TEST_TARGET_DIGEST="sha256:8c18fec49d4bdf0813737297228f0afbdc26ed7f8f3fd7e66048114d47d03168"

# --- 全局变量 ---
DOMAINS=()
VERBOSE=false
SUCCESSFUL_RESULTS=()
FAILED_RESULTS=()

# 颜色定义
COLOR_RED='\033[0;31m'
COLOR_GREEN='\033[0;32m'
COLOR_YELLOW='\033[0;33m'
COLOR_BLUE='\033[0;34m'
COLOR_MAGENTA='\033[0;35m'
COLOR_CYAN='\033[0;36m'
COLOR_WHITE='\033[0;97m'
COLOR_GRAY='\033[0;90m'
COLOR_NC='\033[0m' # No Color

# --- 函数定义 ---

# 打印带颜色的输出
# 参数1: 文本
# 参数2: 颜色 (Red, Green, Yellow, Blue, Magenta, Cyan, White, Gray)
write_color_output() {
    local text="$1"
    local color_name="$2"
    local color_code="${COLOR_NC}"
    case "$color_name" in
        "Red") color_code="${COLOR_RED}" ;; 
        "Green") color_code="${COLOR_GREEN}" ;; 
        "Yellow") color_code="${COLOR_YELLOW}" ;; 
        "Blue") color_code="${COLOR_BLUE}" ;; 
        "Magenta") color_code="${COLOR_MAGENTA}" ;; 
        "Cyan") color_code="${COLOR_CYAN}" ;; 
        "White") color_code="${COLOR_WHITE}" ;; 
        "Gray") color_code="${COLOR_GRAY}" ;; 
    esac
    printf "%b%s%b\n" "${color_code}" "${text}" "${COLOR_NC}"
}

# 详细日志输出函数
# 仅在 VERBOSE 模式下打印
log_verbose() {
    if [ "$VERBOSE" = true ]; then
        write_color_output "DEBUG: $*" "Gray"
    fi
}

# 解析命令行参数
parse_args() {
    local custom_domains=()
    for arg in "$@"; do
        case "$arg" in
            -v|--verbose)
                VERBOSE=true
                shift
                ;;
            *)
                custom_domains+=("$arg")
                shift
                ;;
        esac
    done

    if [ ${#custom_domains[@]} -gt 0 ]; then
        DOMAINS=("${custom_domains[@]}")
    else
        DOMAINS=("${DEFAULT_DOMAINS[@]}")
    fi
}

# 格式化速度
# 参数1: 速度 (B/s)
format_speed() {
    local speed_bps
    speed_bps=$(printf "%.0f" "$1")
    if (( speed_bps > 1024 * 1024 )); then
        printf "%.2f MB/s" "$(bc <<< "scale=2; $speed_bps / (1024*1024)")"
    elif (( speed_bps > 1024 )); then
        printf "%.2f KB/s" "$(bc <<< "scale=2; $speed_bps / 1024")"
    else
        printf "%d B/s" "$speed_bps"
    fi
}

# 主测速函数
# 参数1: 域名
test_registry_speed() {
    local domain="$1"
    local dsize=41943040 # 40MB
    local skill=102400   # 100KB/s
    local token=""
    local redirect_url=""
    local response
    local http_status
    local auth_header
    local error_message

    local prob_auth_url="https://$domain/v2/library/alpine/manifests/latest"
    local download_url="https://$domain/v2/$TEST_TARGET_PATH/blobs/$TEST_TARGET_DIGEST"
    log_verbose "[$domain] 探测URL: $prob_auth_url"

    # 初始请求获取认证信息
    response=$(curl --user-agent "docker-mirror-speedtest.sh" -I -L --max-time 8 "$prob_auth_url")
    escaped_verbose_response=$(printf "%s\n%s" "[$domain] 探测响应:" "$response")
    log_verbose "$escaped_verbose_response"

    http_status=$(echo "$response" | grep -oP '^HTTP/[\d\.]+\s+\K\d{3}' | tail -n 1)

    if [[ "$http_status" == "200" ]]; then
        write_color_output "🚩 [$domain] 无需认证，直接测速..."
        redirect_url="$download_url"
    else
        auth_header=$(echo "$response" | grep -i "Www-Authenticate")

        if [ -n "$auth_header" ]; then
            write_color_output "🔑 [$domain] 需要认证，正在获取token..."
            log_verbose "[$domain] 认证头: $auth_header"
            
            local realm service scope
            realm=$(echo "$auth_header" | grep -oP 'realm="([^"]+)"' | cut -d'"' -f2)
            service=$(echo "$auth_header" | grep -oP 'service="([^"]+)"' | cut -d'"' -f2)
            scope="repository:$TEST_TARGET_PATH:pull"

            if [ -z "$realm" ]; then
                error_message="无法解析认证 Realm"
                FAILED_RESULTS+=("$domain|$error_message")
                write_color_output "❌ [$domain] 测速异常: $error_message" "Red"
                return
            fi
            
            log_verbose "[$domain] Realm='$realm', Service='$service', Scope='$scope'"

            local token_url="$realm?service=$service&scope=$scope"
            local token_response
            token_response=$(curl -sL "$token_url")
            token=$(echo "$token_response" | grep -oP '"token":"\K[^" ]+')

            if [ -z "$token" ]; then
                error_message="获取 Token 失败"
                FAILED_RESULTS+=("$domain|$error_message")
                write_color_output "❌ [$domain] 测速异常: $error_message" "Red"
                log_verbose "[$domain] Token响应: $token_response"
                return
            fi
            log_verbose "[$domain] 成功获取Token."
            
            write_color_output "📍 [$domain] 获取下载地址..."
            redirect_url=$(curl -s -I -H "Authorization: Bearer $token" -w "%{redirect_url}" -o /dev/null "$download_url")
            
            if [ -z "$redirect_url" ]; then
                error_message="资源重定向失败"
                FAILED_RESULTS+=("$domain|$error_message")
                write_color_output "❌ [$domain] 测速异常: $error_message" "Red"
                return
            fi
            log_verbose "[$domain] 重定向URL: $redirect_url"
        else
            error_message=$(echo "$response" | grep -oP '^HTTP/[\d\.]+\s+\K.+\b')
            if [ -z "$error_message" ]; then
                error_message=$(echo "$response" | grep -oP 'curl: \(\d+\) \K.+')
            fi
            if [ -z "$error_message" ]; then
                error_message="未知错误"
            fi
            FAILED_RESULTS+=("$domain|无法获取认证信息 ($error_message)")
            write_color_output "❌ [$domain] 测速异常: 无法获取认证信息 ($error_message)" "Red"
            return
        fi
    fi

    write_color_output "🏃 [$domain] 正在测速..." "Blue"
    
    local curl_args=(
        "-L"
        "-w" "DNS解析时间: %{time_namelookup}s 连接时间: %{time_connect}s 总时间: %{time_total}s 下载速度: %{speed_download}B/s"
        "-o" "/dev/null"
        "--range" "0-$dsize"
        "--max-time" "15"
        "--speed-time" "3"
        "--speed-limit" "$skill"
    )
    if [ -n "$token" ]; then
        curl_args+=("-H" "Authorization: Bearer $token")
    fi

    log_verbose "[$domain] 执行测速命令: curl ${curl_args[*]} $redirect_url"
    local result_output
    result_output=$(curl "${curl_args[@]}" "$redirect_url")
    
    write_color_output "📊 [$domain] 测速结果: $result_output"

    local speed
    speed=$(echo "$result_output" | grep -oP '下载速度: \K[\d\.]+')
    
    if [ -n "$speed" ] && [ "$(printf "%.0f" "$speed")" -gt 0 ]; then
        SUCCESSFUL_RESULTS+=("$domain|$speed")
    else
        FAILED_RESULTS+=("$domain|速度测试失败或速度为0")
        write_color_output "❌ [$domain] 测速异常: 速度测试失败或速度为0" "Red"
    fi
}

# 显示总结
show_test_summary() {
    local successful_count=${#SUCCESSFUL_RESULTS[@]}
    local failed_count=${#FAILED_RESULTS[@]}
    local total_count=$((successful_count + failed_count))

    printf "\n"
    write_color_output "═══════════════ 测试总结 ═══════════════" "Magenta"
    
    write_color_output "✓ 成功测试: $successful_count" "Green"
    write_color_output "✗ 失败测试: $failed_count" "Red"
    write_color_output "Σ 总计测试: $total_count" "Cyan"

    if [ "$successful_count" -gt 0 ]; then
        printf "\n"
        write_color_output "🏆 速度排名:" "Yellow"
        
        # 排序并显示
        # 使用 printf 将每个元素逐行输出，再用 mapfile/readarray 安全读取到数组，避免命令替换拆分问题
        local sorted_results=()
        mapfile -t sorted_results < <(printf "%s\n" "${SUCCESSFUL_RESULTS[@]}" | sort -t'|' -k2 -nr)

        local rank=1
        for result in "${sorted_results[@]}"; do
            local domain speed speed_str color medal
            domain=$(echo "$result" | cut -d'|' -f1)
            speed=$(echo "$result" | cut -d'|' -f2)
            speed_str=$(format_speed "$speed")

            case "$rank" in
                1) color="${COLOR_YELLOW}" ; medal="🥇" ;;
                2) color="${COLOR_WHITE}" ; medal="🥈" ;;
                3) color="${COLOR_GRAY}" ; medal="🥉" ;;
                *) color="${COLOR_NC}" ; medal="  " ;;
            esac
            
            printf "%b%s [%2d] %-30s %12s%b\n" "$color" "$medal" "$rank" "$domain" "$speed_str" "${COLOR_NC}"
            ((rank++))
        done
    fi

    if [ "$failed_count" -gt 0 ]; then
        printf "\n"
        write_color_output "❌ 失败详情:" "Red"
        for result in "${FAILED_RESULTS[@]}"; do
            local domain error
            domain=$(echo "$result" | cut -d'|' -f1)
            error=$(echo "$result" | cut -d'|' -f2)
            write_color_output "  • $domain" "Red"
            write_color_output "    $error" "Gray"
        done
    fi
}

# --- 主程序 ---
main() {
    parse_args "$@"
    
    log_verbose "详细模式已启用."
    log_verbose "待测试域名: ${DOMAINS[*]}"

    write_color_output "🚀 开始 Docker 镜像站测速..." "Cyan"
    for domain in "${DOMAINS[@]}"; do
        test_registry_speed "$domain"
    done

    show_test_summary
}

main "$@"