InMemoryDocumentCacheService

using System.Diagnostics;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Hybrid;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Cache;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Models;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Models.PublishedContent;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.PublishedCache;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Scoping;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Services;
using Umbraco.Cms.Core.Services.Navigation;
using Umbraco.Cms.Infrastructure.HybridCache.Extensions;
using Umbraco.Cms.Infrastructure.HybridCache.Factories;
using Umbraco.Cms.Infrastructure.HybridCache.Persistence;
using Umbraco.Cms.Infrastructure.HybridCache.Serialization;
using Umbraco.Extensions;

namespace Umbraco.Cms.Infrastructure.HybridCache.Services;

internal sealed class InMemoryDocumentCacheService : IDocumentCacheService
{
    private readonly IDatabaseCacheRepository _databaseCacheRepository;
    private readonly IIdKeyMap _idKeyMap;
    private readonly ICoreScopeProvider _scopeProvider;
    private readonly IPublishedContentFactory _publishedContentFactory;
    private readonly ICacheNodeFactory _cacheNodeFactory;
    private readonly IEnumerable<IDocumentSeedKeyProvider> _seedKeyProviders;
    private readonly IPublishedModelFactory _publishedModelFactory;
    private readonly IPreviewService _previewService;
    private readonly IPublishStatusQueryService _publishStatusQueryService;
    private readonly CacheSettings _cacheSettings;
    private readonly ILogger<DocumentCacheService> _logger;
    private HashSet<Guid>? _seedKeys;
    private readonly IAppPolicyCache _runtimeCache;

    private HashSet<Guid> SeedKeys
    {
        get
        {
            if (_seedKeys is not null)
            {
                return _seedKeys;
            }

            _seedKeys = [];

            foreach (IDocumentSeedKeyProvider provider in _seedKeyProviders)
            {
                _seedKeys.UnionWith(provider.GetSeedKeys());
            }

            return _seedKeys;
        }
    }

    public InMemoryDocumentCacheService(
        IDatabaseCacheRepository databaseCacheRepository,
        IIdKeyMap idKeyMap,
        ICoreScopeProvider scopeProvider,
        IPublishedContentFactory publishedContentFactory,
        ICacheNodeFactory cacheNodeFactory,
        IEnumerable<IDocumentSeedKeyProvider> seedKeyProviders,
        IOptions<CacheSettings> cacheSettings,
        IPublishedModelFactory publishedModelFactory,
        IPreviewService previewService,
        IPublishStatusQueryService publishStatusQueryService,
        ILogger<DocumentCacheService> logger,
        AppCaches appCaches
        )
    {
        _databaseCacheRepository = databaseCacheRepository;
        _idKeyMap = idKeyMap;
        _scopeProvider = scopeProvider;
        _publishedContentFactory = publishedContentFactory;
        _cacheNodeFactory = cacheNodeFactory;
        _seedKeyProviders = seedKeyProviders;
        _publishedModelFactory = publishedModelFactory;
        _previewService = previewService;
        _publishStatusQueryService = publishStatusQueryService;
        _cacheSettings = cacheSettings.Value;
        _logger = logger;
        _runtimeCache = appCaches.RuntimeCache;
    }

    public async Task<IPublishedContent?> GetByKeyAsync(Guid key, bool? preview = null)
    {
        bool calculatedPreview = preview ?? GetPreview();

        return await GetNodeAsync(key, calculatedPreview);
    }

    public async Task<IPublishedContent?> GetByIdAsync(int id, bool? preview = null)
    {
        Attempt<Guid> keyAttempt = _idKeyMap.GetKeyForId(id, UmbracoObjectTypes.Document);
        if (keyAttempt.Success is false)
        {
            return null;
        }

        bool calculatedPreview = preview ?? GetPreview();
        Guid key = keyAttempt.Result;

        return await GetNodeAsync(key, calculatedPreview);
    }

    private async Task<IPublishedContent?> GetNodeAsync(Guid key, bool preview)
    {
        var cacheKey = GetCacheKey(key, preview);

        var publishedContent = _runtimeCache.GetCacheItem(cacheKey, () =>
        {
            using ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope();
            ContentCacheNode? contentCacheNode = _databaseCacheRepository.GetContentSourceAsync(key, preview).ConfigureAwait(false).GetAwaiter().GetResult();

            // If we can resolve the content cache node, we still need to check if the ancestor path is published.
            // This does cost some performance, but it's necessary to ensure that the content is actually published.
            // When unpublishing a node, a payload with RefreshBranch is published, so we don't have to worry about this.
            // Similarly, when a branch is published, next time the content is requested, the parent will be published,
            // this works because we don't cache null values.
            if (preview is false && contentCacheNode is not null &&
                _publishStatusQueryService.HasPublishedAncestorPath(contentCacheNode.Key) is false)
            {
                // Careful not to early return here. We need to complete the scope even if returning null.
                contentCacheNode = null;
            }

            scope.Complete();

            if (contentCacheNode == null)
                return null;

            var published = _publishedContentFactory.ToIPublishedContent(contentCacheNode, preview).CreateModel(_publishedModelFactory);

            return published;
        });

        return publishedContent;
    }

    private bool GetPreview() => _previewService.IsInPreview();

    public IEnumerable<IPublishedContent> GetByContentType(IPublishedContentType contentType)
    {
        using ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope();
        IEnumerable<ContentCacheNode> nodes = _databaseCacheRepository.GetContentByContentTypeKey([contentType.Key], ContentCacheDataSerializerEntityType.Document);
        scope.Complete();

        return nodes
            .Select(x => _publishedContentFactory.ToIPublishedContent(x, x.IsDraft).CreateModel(_publishedModelFactory))
            .WhereNotNull();
    }

    public async Task ClearMemoryCacheAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {

        _runtimeCache.ClearByKey("content__");

        // We have to run seeding again after the cache is cleared
        await SeedAsync(cancellationToken);
    }

    public async Task RefreshMemoryCacheAsync(Guid key)
    {
        using ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope();

        ContentCacheNode? draftNode = await _databaseCacheRepository.GetContentSourceAsync(key, true);
        if (draftNode is not null)
        {
            _runtimeCache.Insert(GetCacheKey(draftNode.Key, true), () =>
            {
                return _publishedContentFactory.ToIPublishedContent(draftNode, true).CreateModel(_publishedModelFactory);
            });

            //await _hybridCache.SetAsync(GetCacheKey(draftNode.Key, true), draftNode, GetEntryOptions(draftNode.Key, true), GenerateTags(key));
        }

        ContentCacheNode? publishedNode = await _databaseCacheRepository.GetContentSourceAsync(key, false);
        if (publishedNode is not null && _publishStatusQueryService.HasPublishedAncestorPath(publishedNode.Key))
        {
            _runtimeCache.Insert(GetCacheKey(publishedNode.Key, false), () =>
            {
                return _publishedContentFactory.ToIPublishedContent(publishedNode, false).CreateModel(_publishedModelFactory);
            });
            //await _hybridCache.SetAsync(GetCacheKey(publishedNode.Key, false), publishedNode, GetEntryOptions(publishedNode.Key, false), GenerateTags(key));
        }

        scope.Complete();
    }

    public async Task RemoveFromMemoryCacheAsync(Guid key)
    {
        _runtimeCache.Clear(GetCacheKey(key, true));
        _runtimeCache.Clear(GetCacheKey(key, false));
    }

    public async Task SeedAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
    {
#if DEBUG
        var sw = new Stopwatch();
        sw.Start();
#endif

        foreach (IEnumerable<Guid> group in SeedKeys.InGroupsOf(_cacheSettings.DocumentSeedBatchSize))
        {
            var uncachedKeys = new HashSet<Guid>();
            foreach (Guid key in group)
            {
                if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
                {
                    break;
                }

                var cacheKey = GetCacheKey(key, false);

                var existsInCache = _runtimeCache.Get(cacheKey) != null;
                if (existsInCache is false)
                {
                    uncachedKeys.Add(key);
                }
            }

            _logger.LogDebug("Uncached key count {KeyCount}", uncachedKeys.Count);

            if (uncachedKeys.Count == 0)
            {
                continue;
            }

            using ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope();

            IEnumerable<ContentCacheNode> cacheNodes = await _databaseCacheRepository.GetContentSourcesAsync(uncachedKeys);

            scope.Complete();

            _logger.LogDebug("Document nodes to cache {NodeCount}", cacheNodes.Count());

            foreach (ContentCacheNode cacheNode in cacheNodes)
            {
                var cacheKey = GetCacheKey(cacheNode.Key, false);

                _runtimeCache.Insert(GetCacheKey(cacheNode.Key, false), () =>
                {
                    return _publishedContentFactory.ToIPublishedContent(cacheNode, false).CreateModel(_publishedModelFactory);
                });


                //await _hybridCache.SetAsync(
                //    cacheKey,
                //    cacheNode,
                //    GetSeedEntryOptions(),
                //    GenerateTags(cacheNode.Key),
                //    cancellationToken: cancellationToken);
            }
        }

#if DEBUG
        sw.Stop();
        _logger.LogInformation("Document cache seeding completed in {ElapsedMilliseconds} ms with {SeedCount} seed keys.", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds, SeedKeys.Count);
#else
        _logger.LogInformation("Document cache seeding completed with {SeedCount} seed keys.", SeedKeys.Count);
#endif
    }

    // Internal for test purposes.
    internal void ResetSeedKeys() => _seedKeys = null;

    private HybridCacheEntryOptions GetSeedEntryOptions() => new()
    {
        Expiration = _cacheSettings.Entry.Document.SeedCacheDuration,
        LocalCacheExpiration = _cacheSettings.Entry.Document.SeedCacheDuration
    };

    private HybridCacheEntryOptions GetEntryOptions(Guid key, bool preview)
    {
        if (SeedKeys.Contains(key) && preview is false)
        {
            return GetSeedEntryOptions();
        }

        return new HybridCacheEntryOptions
        {
            Expiration = _cacheSettings.Entry.Document.RemoteCacheDuration,
            LocalCacheExpiration = _cacheSettings.Entry.Document.LocalCacheDuration,
        };
    }

    public async Task<bool> HasContentByIdAsync(int id, bool preview = false)
    {
        Attempt<Guid> keyAttempt = _idKeyMap.GetKeyForId(id, UmbracoObjectTypes.Document);
        if (keyAttempt.Success is false)
        {
            return false;
        }

        return _runtimeCache.Get(GetCacheKey(keyAttempt.Result, preview)) != null;

    }

    public async Task RefreshContentAsync(IContent content)
    {
        using ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope();

        // Always set draft node
        // We have nodes seperate in the cache, cause 99% of the time, you are only using one
        // and thus we won't get too much data when retrieving from the cache.
        var draftCacheNode = _cacheNodeFactory.ToContentCacheNode(content, true);

        await _databaseCacheRepository.RefreshContentAsync(draftCacheNode, content.PublishedState);

        if (content.PublishedState == PublishedState.Publishing || content.PublishedState == PublishedState.Unpublishing)
        {
            var publishedCacheNode = _cacheNodeFactory.ToContentCacheNode(content, false);

            await _databaseCacheRepository.RefreshContentAsync(publishedCacheNode, content.PublishedState);

            if (content.PublishedState == PublishedState.Unpublishing)
            {
                _runtimeCache.Clear(GetCacheKey(publishedCacheNode.Key, false));
            }
        }

        scope.Complete();
    }

    private static string GetCacheKey(Guid key, bool preview) => preview ? $"content__{key}+draft" : $"{key}";

    // Generates the cache tags for a given CacheNode
    // We use the tags to be able to clear all cache entries that are related to a given content item.
    // Tags for now are only content/media, but can be expanded with draft/published later.
    private static HashSet<string> GenerateTags(Guid? key) => key is null ? [] : [Constants.Cache.Tags.Content];

    public async Task DeleteItemAsync(IContentBase content)
    {
        using ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope();
        await _databaseCacheRepository.DeleteContentItemAsync(content.Id);
        scope.Complete();
    }

    public void Rebuild(IReadOnlyCollection<int> contentTypeIds)
    {
        using ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope();
        _databaseCacheRepository.Rebuild(contentTypeIds.ToList());
        RebuildMemoryCacheByContentTypeAsync(contentTypeIds).GetAwaiter().GetResult();
        scope.Complete();
    }

    public async Task RebuildMemoryCacheByContentTypeAsync(IEnumerable<int> contentTypeIds)
    {
        using ICoreScope scope = _scopeProvider.CreateCoreScope();

        IEnumerable<ContentCacheNode> contentByContentTypeKey = _databaseCacheRepository.GetContentByContentTypeKey(contentTypeIds.Select(x => _idKeyMap.GetKeyForId(x, UmbracoObjectTypes.DocumentType).Result), ContentCacheDataSerializerEntityType.Document);
        scope.Complete();

        foreach (ContentCacheNode content in contentByContentTypeKey)
        {
            _runtimeCache.Clear(GetCacheKey(content.Key, true));

            //_hybridCache.RemoveAsync().GetAwaiter().GetResult();

            if (content.IsDraft is false)
            {
                _runtimeCache.Clear(GetCacheKey(content.Key, false));
            }
        }
    }
}